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US3515494A - Self-priming fluid pump - Google Patents

Self-priming fluid pump Download PDF

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Publication number
US3515494A
US3515494A US719906A US3515494DA US3515494A US 3515494 A US3515494 A US 3515494A US 719906 A US719906 A US 719906A US 3515494D A US3515494D A US 3515494DA US 3515494 A US3515494 A US 3515494A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
impeller
pump
passageway
liquid
passageways
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US719906A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Oscar Proni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Coulter Electronics Inc
Original Assignee
Coulter Electronics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Coulter Electronics Inc filed Critical Coulter Electronics Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3515494A publication Critical patent/US3515494A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D9/00—Priming; Preventing vapour lock
    • F04D9/02—Self-priming pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2261—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures
    • F04D29/2277—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures for increasing NPSH or dealing with liquids near boiling-point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/426—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D9/00—Priming; Preventing vapour lock
    • F04D9/001—Preventing vapour lock
    • F04D9/002—Preventing vapour lock by means in the very pump

Definitions

  • a self-priming centrifugal fluid pump having a cylindrical housing, a shaft eccentrically mounted within the housing, an impeller mounted upon said shaft for rotation within the housing, an inlet path through the impeller and an outlet path having its entrance in the vicinity of the shaft, the impeller being of shallow cylindrical configuration and having an entrance, radial passageways leading from the axial entrance to the housing interior and a plurality of secondary axial openings communicating with the :radial passageways with the net eifect that air entering the pump is discharged preferentially from the impeller and from the outlet thereby making the pump self-priming.
  • a deep-sea fluid samplng head system in which the pump of the invention is advantageously utilized.
  • This invention relates generally to centrifugal fluid pumps and particularly provides a novel self-priming centrifugal fluid pump having a driven rotatable impeller eccentrically mounted in a housing and provided with a plurality of radial passageways communicating to the pump interior, a like plurality of aXial openings communicating to the radial passageways, whereby fluid pressure differentials are created within the impeller and within the pump interior so that air therewithin can be expelled obviating manual priming of the pump.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a selfpriming centrifugal fluid pump wherein air trapped within the impeller is expelled without modification of the operation of the pump.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a self-priming centrifugal fluid pump wherein air entering the pump will be preferentially expelled during the op eration of the pump by the creation of at least a pair of independent fluid circulation flow paths defined as a result of rotation of the impeller within the housing.
  • Yet a further object of this invention is to provide a more eflicient fluid pump which can function either as an air pump or a liquid pump.
  • Yet a still further object of this invention is to provide a self-priming fluid pump of the centrifugal type advantageously useful in deep-sea fluid sampling where manual priming is inopportune.
  • FIG. 1 is a reduced perspective view of the self-priming fluid pump according to the invention.
  • FIG; 2 is a lateral section taken through the rotational axis of the pump shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a transverse section of the pump illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 taken along the line represented by lines 3-3 in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a transverse section of the pump illustrated in FIGS. l and 2 taken along a line represented by lines 4 4 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of a deep-sea particle sampling arrangement utilizing the self-priming fluid pump constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • centrifugal type fluid pump constructed in accordance with the invention briefly is characterized as having several constructional features rendering the same considerably more eflicient in operation than heretofore known.
  • the impeller is provided with a central inlet port or entrance and a plurality of radial passageways.
  • the impeller further is provided with a like plurality of axial openings to the under-surface thereof arranged communicating to the interior or outlet end of the impeller within the pump housing.
  • the impeller is secured to a driven shaft for rotation on an axis parallel to but offset from the housing axis and is seated on a bearing means also providing communication between the inlet or entrance of the impeller and the inlet port of the pump.
  • the self-priming fluid pump according to the invention further includes an outlet having an entrance in the vicinity of the axis of rotation of the shaft and impeller for a purpose to be explained hereinafter.
  • the principal pumping is performed as a result of the centrifugal force created 'by rotation of the impeller directing fluid from the impeller entrance through the radial passageways, along a spirallike current flow adjacent the inner surface of the cylindrical housing to the outlet and further, a second, other current path is developed whereby fluid passes from the housing interior through the axial passageways and thence through the radial passageways and return so that air entering the impeller and trapped at the center thereof can be drawn out and expelled.
  • the self-priming fluid pump is generally designated by the reference character 10 and includes the hollow pump body '12 of generally cylndrical configuration in which an impeller 14 is mounted for rotation within the body 12 on a shaft 16 operably connected through sealed bearing means 18 and coupling means 20 to an exterior mounted motor 22.
  • the motor 22 is mounted on a mounting plate 24 and legs 26 thereof are arranged in socket means 28 on the 'body 12.
  • the pump has an inlet port 30 and an outlet port 32.
  • Second hearing means 34 is disposed between the inlet and the impeller to provide a rotational base for the impeller. Appropriate passageways are provided within the bearing means 34 to provide for communication between the inlet port 30 and the impeller 14.
  • the pump body 12 includes a vertical wall 36, a top wall' or cover 38 and a bottom wall or base 40.
  • the base 40 and cover 38 are Secured to the cylindrical wall 36 'by fastening means such as screws 42, the cover 38 and base 40 each have a common diametrical dimension and formed with coaxial openings 44 and 46.
  • the impeller 14 is formed 'of a cylindrical body 48 having a central substantially cylindrical upstanding hub 50.
  • An axial passageway 52 is formed through hub 50.
  • An intersecting transverse passageway 54 also is provided through hub 50.
  • Passageway 52 has a wide mouth portion 56 to define a shoulder 58.
  • a central axial passageway or entrance 60 is provided in the impeller opening to the undersurface 62 thereot.
  • Radial passageways '64 are formed in the body 48 and have outlets 66; passageway 60 functioning as the common inlet to radial passageways 64.
  • a plurality of secondary axial passageways 68 are formed opening to the undersurface 62 of body 48 and communicating with respective ones of the radial passageways 64.
  • the secondary axial passageways 68 are spaced inwardly of the periphery of impeller body 48 but are spaced radially from the aXs of impeller 14 so that web portion 70 results.
  • the diameter of passageways 68 is considerably less than the diameters of passageways 64 and entrance 60.
  • the shaft 16 has an extension of reduoed diameter 72 terminating in a tapered portion 74.
  • the impeller is arranged in the housing coaxal with passageways 44 and 46.
  • a lower hearing assembly 34 is fitted through passageway 46 of base 40 and consists of an inner hearing 76 threadably engaged within hearing support 78. Suitable packing such as O-rng 80 is provided so as to assure a fluid-tight type seal.
  • the inner hearing 76 is hollow and has a passageway 82.
  • a hearing web 84 blocks of the inner end of passageway 82 except for seoondary passageways 86.
  • the outer end surface of web 84 is provided with a conical recess 88.
  • the apeX of this recess 88 is coaxial with the shaft 16 and extension 72 thereof so that the tapered end 74 of the extension 72 rests in the recess 88.
  • the hearing support 78 has an axal passageway 90 and tapered end portion 92.
  • the clearance area between web 70 of the impeller body 48 and the tapered end 92 of the outer hearing 78 is controlled adjustably by the position of web 84 of the inner bearing, adjustable by virtue of the threaded connection between inner hearing 76 and hearing support 78.
  • a gland 94 is disposed in the outer end of passageway 82 and has a passageway 96 defining the entry port 32 of the pump.
  • the shaft 16 is secured to impeller hub 50 'by means of pin 98 passing through passageway 54.
  • the upper hearing and guide assembly 20 has outer housing 100, inner hearing 102 and suitable resilient packing 104 to ensure a fluid tight seal.
  • the extension end 74 is maintained in contact with the floor of recess 88 of inner hearing portion 84. Liquid is permitted to pass through the lower bearing 34 by means of inlet port 96, passageway 82, secondary passageways 86, passageway '90 into the central entrance 60 of impeller 14.
  • the cover 38 has a horizontal through passageway 106 having an entrance 108 opening to passageway 44.
  • the outer end of passageway 106 terminates in ⁇ out1et 32, entrance 108 fnctionng as the entrance to the outlet.
  • Arrows 114, 116 and 118 and arrows 114', 116', 118' illustrate the different flow velocities as represented by the different relative lengths of these arrows.
  • air such as shown in FIG. 2 and represented by letter A
  • the liquid L being confined to a location adjacent the wall 36; the entrance 108 etfectively is blocked by the air from contact with the liquid. Therefore, if air enters the interior of body 12, it will accumulate around the shaft and will be first expelled. Thus, the device will pump air until same 'is expelled before it pnmps liquid.
  • passageway 64 Since the body otherwise is filled with liquid L, one must assume that passageway 64 will be filled with liquid. Assuming that there is liquid between the passageways 68 and the end 66 of passageway 64, this liquid will be expelled as a result of centrifugal force. As the liquid will be expelled from end 66 it will be sucked into passageway 64 at the openings 68 so that a circular or substantially circular component in the liquid motion will be generated as illustrated by the streamlines 120, the lines of greatest velocity being those directed through the narrow cross-section openings established by passageway 68.
  • an anti-backup valve such as the check valve 122 shown in phantom, is installed at the inlet 30, some liquid will remain in the housing so that the pump can function either as an air pump or a liquid pump since once the liquid decreases to a point below a critical level higher than the impeller level, no more liquid can be expelled from the pump.
  • the pump 10 can be advantageously utilized as a part of a submersible sampling and study system say for deep-sea exploration.
  • One such system utilizes elec- Uonc particle counting and sizing apparatus well known to the art as equipments sold under the trademark Coulter Counter manufactured by Coulter Electronics, Inc. of Hialeah, Fla.
  • samples of sea water are forced through a restrictive small cross-section current path and changes in the electrical characteristics or in an electrical characteristic of that current path are monitored and analyzed electronically.
  • the pumps 10 are useful in the sampling head on the submersible system as illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 5. The sample is taken by causing the flow of sea water through filter 200 for removal of particles which may clog the measuring system.
  • the sample chamber 202 is provided with an aperture tube 203 having a microscopic aperture in the lower wall thereof and electrodes and appropriate connection thereto (not shown) are provided as reported in Coulter Pat. 2,656,508.
  • the pressure differential can be checked before submersion by connecting a mercury manometer (not shown) across the aperture by means of the valves 208 and 210.
  • the sea water is sucked by the pump 10 through a needle valve 212 and on, through needle valve 214 back to the sea, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • Another similar pump 10' causes liquid to flow through the sample chamber along conduit 228 and then the sample flow enters the stream to the pump 10 along conduit 230.
  • the needle valve 214 Controls the back pressure, when valve 224 is operated to connect conduit 222 to conduit 231, say for cflushing the aperture tube 203 to dislodge any debris which may have accumulated in the aperture thereof defining the reduced cross-section path.
  • pumps 10 and 10' operate as self-priming pumps, they can be utilized in a submersible sampling head and makes the same a practical method for sampling at depths say for the study of stratification of particles by sizing and counting particles at various depths involved in such study. Utilizing the system as shown in FIG. and the pump of the invention one can obtain a running study of, say particle size distribution, at various ocean depths.
  • a centrifugal fluid pump having a hollow housing an inlet and outlet thereto and a rotatably driven impeller within the housing
  • the invention comprsing said impeller having an axial entrance, radial passageways communicating between the entrance and the interior of the housing and secondary axial passageways communicating between the radial pasageways and the interior of the housing in which hearing means is disposed between the impeller and the inlet, said hearing means including an outer section and an inner section having a bearing portion and axial passageway means, said impeller being fixedly mounted to a shaft and the shaft having a lesser diameter extension terminating in a tapered section and passing through said impeller and the central axial entrance thereto, said tapered section hearing against said hearing portion, and means for adjusting the clearance between the outer section and the impeller by adjustment of the relative position of said inner and outer sections from the exterior of the pump.
  • hearing portion has a central recess coaxial with the axis of rotaton of the impeller and the tapered shaft portion disposed in said recess.
  • a self-priming centrifugal fluid pump comprsing a hollow housing or substantially cylndrical configuration having inlet and outlet means, a driven shaft mounted to enter said housing along a vertical axis of rotation oflset from the axis of said housing but parallel thereto, first and second bearing means coaxially arranged relative one another and said shaft, an impeller fixedly mounted to said shaft for rotation therewith, said shaft being journalled in said first hearing means and terminating through said impeller and within said second bearing means including a chamber communicating to the inlet means, said impeller having a central axial passageway communicating with said chamber, radial passageway means communicating between said central axial passageway and the interior of the housing and secondary axial passageway means spaced from the central passageway and communicating between said radial passageway means and the interior of the housing, a first fluid current path defined between said central passageway through said radial passageway means to the interior of the housing and along the vicinity of the wall thereof to the outlet means and a second fluid current path defined between said secondary aX

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US719906A 1968-04-09 1968-04-09 Self-priming fluid pump Expired - Lifetime US3515494A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US71990668A 1968-04-09 1968-04-09

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Publication Number Publication Date
US3515494A true US3515494A (en) 1970-06-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US719906A Expired - Lifetime US3515494A (en) 1968-04-09 1968-04-09 Self-priming fluid pump

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Country Link
US (1) US3515494A (de)
DE (1) DE1917336A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2005867A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1268501A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4818177A (en) * 1986-12-10 1989-04-04 Dresser Industries, Inc. Centrifugal pump with integral suction valve
GB2224777A (en) * 1988-10-22 1990-05-16 J W Swain Apparatus for pumping liquids from containers
CN114718885A (zh) * 2022-03-25 2022-07-08 武汉理工大学 一种新型潜水向心泵装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU1476988A (en) * 1987-04-16 1988-10-20 Kestner Engineering Co. Ltd. A pump

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1946212A (en) * 1933-03-15 1934-02-06 Duriron Co Centrifugal pump
GB546541A (en) * 1941-01-29 1942-07-17 Alfred Stanley Marlow Improvements in a priming means for self-priming pumps
US2477929A (en) * 1946-11-12 1949-08-02 California Research Corp Fluid mixing device
DE842893C (de) * 1950-09-13 1952-07-03 Siemens Ag Selbstansaugende Kreiselpumpe
FR1130511A (fr) * 1955-08-17 1957-02-06 Lamort E & M Perfectionnements aux pompes centrifuges
US2918017A (en) * 1956-06-11 1959-12-22 Arthur L Collins Centrifugal pumps
US3217655A (en) * 1962-09-04 1965-11-16 Snecma Centrifugal pump

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1946212A (en) * 1933-03-15 1934-02-06 Duriron Co Centrifugal pump
GB546541A (en) * 1941-01-29 1942-07-17 Alfred Stanley Marlow Improvements in a priming means for self-priming pumps
US2477929A (en) * 1946-11-12 1949-08-02 California Research Corp Fluid mixing device
DE842893C (de) * 1950-09-13 1952-07-03 Siemens Ag Selbstansaugende Kreiselpumpe
FR1130511A (fr) * 1955-08-17 1957-02-06 Lamort E & M Perfectionnements aux pompes centrifuges
US2918017A (en) * 1956-06-11 1959-12-22 Arthur L Collins Centrifugal pumps
US3217655A (en) * 1962-09-04 1965-11-16 Snecma Centrifugal pump

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4818177A (en) * 1986-12-10 1989-04-04 Dresser Industries, Inc. Centrifugal pump with integral suction valve
GB2224777A (en) * 1988-10-22 1990-05-16 J W Swain Apparatus for pumping liquids from containers
GB2224777B (en) * 1988-10-22 1991-10-30 J W Swain Improvements in or relating to pumping arrangements
CN114718885A (zh) * 2022-03-25 2022-07-08 武汉理工大学 一种新型潜水向心泵装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1268501A (en) 1972-03-29
FR2005867A1 (de) 1969-12-19
DE1917336A1 (de) 1970-09-10

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