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US3498072A - Air conditioning method - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3498072A
US3498072A US751418A US3498072DA US3498072A US 3498072 A US3498072 A US 3498072A US 751418 A US751418 A US 751418A US 3498072D A US3498072D A US 3498072DA US 3498072 A US3498072 A US 3498072A
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water
heat
swimming pool
air conditioning
condenser
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US751418A
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Rudy C Stiefel
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RUDY C STIEFEL
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RUDY C STIEFEL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0071—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater adapted for use in covered swimming pools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a method by which a swimming pool may be heated. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of heating a swimming pool through utilization of heat rejected from a residence air conditioning system.
  • the basic air conditioning system to cool the air in a house is a closed system consisting of a compressor and two heat exchangers.
  • a gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the compressor to a high-pressure superheated gas.
  • the superheated refrigerant Hows into the first heat exchanger, Lthe condenser.
  • the condenser cold waterpasses over the tubing that carries the superheated refrigerant and removes heat from the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant leaves the condenser as a saturated liquid under high pressure. It flows through an expansion valve, which reduces the pressure, and then ows to the evaporator, the second heat exchanger.
  • a fan forces warm room air over the evaporator tubes and the refrigerant expands, removing heat from the air.
  • the refrigerant leaves the evaporator as a saturated gas under low pressure, ows back into the compressor, and the cycle is repeated.
  • the water which is used to cool the refrigerant in the condenser is circulated through a cooling tower, the third hea't exchanger.
  • the outside air passes over the tubes that carry the warm cooling water and removes heat, thus lowering the temperature of the cooling water before it returns to the condenser.
  • swimming pools have become increasingly popular with many homeowners. But, particularly in the northern states, the water in swimming pools is uncomfortably cold, some years until late August.
  • a swimming pool contains a large body of water, which may in some places be ten feet deep. The water is heated very slowly by the sun. Those who wish to use their pools for a longer period, from May to October, often heat the water. Such heating of a large body of water may be expensive.
  • the basic swimming pool heating system consists of a pump and a heater. Water is pumped out of the pool, through a lter, and into the heater. The heater warms the water by exposing the tubes which carry the water to the hot combustion gases. This water continues out of the heater and back into the pool.
  • an air cooling air conditioning system is utilized.
  • the air conditioner has a water cooled condenser.
  • the water recirculating system of a swimming pool is connected to the intake and outflow ports of the jacket of the condenser of the air conditioning system.
  • the air conditioning system does not require a separate water cooling pump and heat exchanger.
  • the swimming pool recirculating system is connected to the jacket of a water cooled condenser of a heat pump.
  • FIG. l is a schematic diagram of the interconnected swimming pool and air conditioner systems.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump connected for swimming pool heating.
  • the method of the present invention utilizes the swimming pool 1 and its water circulaton system.
  • the circulation system is composed of a circulating pump 2, a filter 3, two shut-ott valves 5 and 6, two drain valves 7 and 8, and connecting piping 4.
  • the piping 4 is connected to the condenser unit 9 of the residence air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner is composed of a compressor 10, a condenser 9, an evaporator 12, an expansion valve 15, and connectng tubing 11.
  • the swimming pool water circulating system is connected with the air conditioning system at the condenser cooling jacket inlet 13 and the condenser cooling jacket outlet 14.
  • the cool pool water ows through the condenser 9 and is warmed because of the transferral of he-at from the hot refrigerant to the water.
  • the warm pool water is returned to the swimming pool.
  • the principal advantages which derive from the present invention are the economy and efficiency of a combined heating and air conditioning system over separate heating and air conditioning systems.
  • the present invention would eliminate the necessity of a cooling tower with its water circulating pump and cooling fan for the residence air conditioning system and a heater for the swimming pool heating system. This eliminates the purchase, installation and maintenance costs associated with both the cooling tower and heater units. In addition, power is not required to operate the pump and fan of a cooling tower.
  • the present invention reduces the fuel costs associated with the heater to the lower electricity cost of the air conditioner. For example, to raise the temperature of a 33,000 gallon pool 10 F., a gas burning swimming pool heater with an output of 224,000 B.t.u./hr. will take 12.3 hours. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 33,000 gallons of pool water 10 F. is computed as follows:
  • the method of the present invention utilizes the form of a standard heat pump.
  • the main advantage of using a heat pump to heat the swimming pool water, rather than a fuel burning heater, is the more ecient utilization of enregy.
  • the fuel burning heater converts the fuels potential energy into heat and, therefore, the maximum heat available is limited to that which would be obtained during complete combustion of the fuel.
  • the heat pump-swimming pool system of FIG. 2 includes a swimming pool 21, a circulating pump 22, a ilter 23, a iirst drain valve 24, a lirst shut-off valve 25, a second drain valve 26, a second vshut-off valve 27 and connecting piping 28.
  • the heat pump 30 includes a first heat exchanger which is the evaporator '31, and a second heat exchanger which is the condenser 32.
  • the heat pump also is comprised of an expansion valve 36, the connecting tubing 33, and a rwater-cooled compressor 24 within a jacket.
  • a fan 35 blows warm vroom air over the coils of the evaporator 31, cooling the room air.
  • the circulating pump 22 flows Water from the swimming pool over the coils of the condenser 32 within the jacket of the condenser.
  • the heat pump uses electrical energy to power equipment that transfers heat from one reservoir to another.
  • the heat available by this means depends upon the heat available from the hot reservoir, which is Warm room air, and the capabilities of the particular heat pump.
  • a 5-ton heat pump (the typical size of a residence air conditioner) operating at a transfer eiiiciency of 80%, will deliver 72,730 B.t.u./hr. under full operating conditions.
  • the heat pump requires 5 kilowatts/hr.
  • the latter ligure reduces to zero if air conditioning is the prime requirement. Moreover, the method illustrated in FIG. 2 reduces air conditioning costs by not requiring an extra circulation pump and a fan and a cooling tower to bring the hot condenser water back t0 the outside temperature.
  • a method by which the heat rejected from a watercooled air conditioner may be utilized to heat the water of a swimming pool, including the step of circulating the swimming pool water by means of the swimming pool recirculating system through the cooling jacket of the condenser of said water-cooled air conditioner.
  • a method by ⁇ which the heat rejected from a watercooled heat pump may be utilized to heat the water of a swimming pool including the step of using the swimming pool recirculating system to circulate said swimming pool water through the cooling jacket of the condenser of said water-cooled heat pump.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Description

March 3, 1970 R. c. STIEFEL I AIR CONDITIONING METHOD Filed Aug. 9, 1968 l l I I I l I I l l l l t l I I I l l I l l I l I I l M, :Su
Sm. lvl wml NGC \\N T TORNE Y United States Patent flice 3,498,072 Patented Mar. 3, 1970 3,498,072 AIR CONDITIONING METHOD Rudy C. Stiefel, Quakerbridge Road E., Croton-on-Hudson, N'.Y. 10520 Filed Aug. 9, 1968, Ser. No. 751,418 Int. Cl. F25d 17/02;13/00; 23/12 U.S. l Cl. 62-118 2 Claims ABSTRACT F THE DISCLOSURE This invention relates generally to a method by which a swimming pool may be heated. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of heating a swimming pool through utilization of heat rejected from a residence air conditioning system.
The basic air conditioning system to cool the air in a house is a closed system consisting of a compressor and two heat exchangers. A gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the compressor to a high-pressure superheated gas. The superheated refrigerant Hows into the first heat exchanger, Lthe condenser. In the condenser, cold waterpasses over the tubing that carries the superheated refrigerant and removes heat from the refrigerant. The refrigerant leaves the condenser as a saturated liquid under high pressure. It flows through an expansion valve, which reduces the pressure, and then ows to the evaporator, the second heat exchanger. A fan forces warm room air over the evaporator tubes and the refrigerant expands, removing heat from the air. The refrigerant leaves the evaporator as a saturated gas under low pressure, ows back into the compressor, and the cycle is repeated.
In a conventional house air conditioning system, the water which is used to cool the refrigerant in the condenser is circulated through a cooling tower, the third hea't exchanger. In the cooling tower the outside air passes over the tubes that carry the warm cooling water and removes heat, thus lowering the temperature of the cooling water before it returns to the condenser.
Swimming pools have become increasingly popular with many homeowners. But, particularly in the northern states, the water in swimming pools is uncomfortably cold, some years until late August. A swimming pool contains a large body of water, which may in some places be ten feet deep. The water is heated very slowly by the sun. Those who wish to use their pools for a longer period, from May to October, often heat the water. Such heating of a large body of water may be expensive.
The basic swimming pool heating system consists of a pump and a heater. Water is pumped out of the pool, through a lter, and into the heater. The heater warms the water by exposing the tubes which carry the water to the hot combustion gases. This water continues out of the heater and back into the pool.
It is the principal objective of the present invention to provide a low cost method for warming the Water in a swimming pool.
It is another objective of the present invention to provide a method of utilizing a home air conditioning system so that it operates eiectively and at a relatively lower cost.
In accordance with the present invention, an air cooling air conditioning system is utilized. The air conditioner has a water cooled condenser. The water recirculating system of a swimming pool is connected to the intake and outflow ports of the jacket of the condenser of the air conditioning system. The air conditioning system does not require a separate water cooling pump and heat exchanger.
In another embodiment, the swimming pool recirculating system is connected to the jacket of a water cooled condenser of a heat pump.
These and other objectives of the invention are attained in the manner described herein, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. l is a schematic diagram of the interconnected swimming pool and air conditioner systems; and
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump connected for swimming pool heating.
The method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, utilizes the swimming pool 1 and its water circulaton system. The circulation system is composed of a circulating pump 2, a filter 3, two shut-ott valves 5 and 6, two drain valves 7 and 8, and connecting piping 4. The piping 4 is connected to the condenser unit 9 of the residence air conditioner. The air conditioner is composed of a compressor 10, a condenser 9, an evaporator 12, an expansion valve 15, and connectng tubing 11.
The swimming pool water circulating system is connected with the air conditioning system at the condenser cooling jacket inlet 13 and the condenser cooling jacket outlet 14. The cool pool water ows through the condenser 9 and is warmed because of the transferral of he-at from the hot refrigerant to the water. The warm pool water is returned to the swimming pool.
The principal advantages which derive from the present invention are the economy and efficiency of a combined heating and air conditioning system over separate heating and air conditioning systems. For example, the present invention would eliminate the necessity of a cooling tower with its water circulating pump and cooling fan for the residence air conditioning system and a heater for the swimming pool heating system. This eliminates the purchase, installation and maintenance costs associated with both the cooling tower and heater units. In addition, power is not required to operate the pump and fan of a cooling tower.
The present invention reduces the fuel costs associated with the heater to the lower electricity cost of the air conditioner. For example, to raise the temperature of a 33,000 gallon pool 10 F., a gas burning swimming pool heater with an output of 224,000 B.t.u./hr. will take 12.3 hours. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 33,000 gallons of pool water 10 F. is computed as follows:
Time :amount of heat required 2.76-10" 12 3 rate of heat supplied 2.24-105* An eicent burner would use 1,435 cu. ft. of -gas at a unit cost of $0.77 per cubic feet, for a total fuel cost of $11.05. The coupling of the two systems realizes maximum eflicency through utilization of the heat rejected from the air conditioner to lwarm the pool water.
The method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, utilizes the form of a standard heat pump. The main advantage of using a heat pump to heat the swimming pool water, rather than a fuel burning heater, is the more ecient utilization of enregy. The fuel burning heater converts the fuels potential energy into heat and, therefore, the maximum heat available is limited to that which would be obtained during complete combustion of the fuel.
The heat pump-swimming pool system of FIG. 2 includes a swimming pool 21, a circulating pump 22, a ilter 23, a iirst drain valve 24, a lirst shut-off valve 25, a second drain valve 26, a second vshut-off valve 27 and connecting piping 28. The heat pump 30 includes a first heat exchanger which is the evaporator '31, and a second heat exchanger which is the condenser 32. The heat pump also is comprised of an expansion valve 36, the connecting tubing 33, and a rwater-cooled compressor 24 within a jacket. A fan 35 blows warm vroom air over the coils of the evaporator 31, cooling the room air. The circulating pump 22 flows Water from the swimming pool over the coils of the condenser 32 within the jacket of the condenser.
The heat pump uses electrical energy to power equipment that transfers heat from one reservoir to another. The heat available by this means depends upon the heat available from the hot reservoir, which is Warm room air, and the capabilities of the particular heat pump. For example, a 5-ton heat pump (the typical size of a residence air conditioner) operating at a transfer eiiiciency of 80%, will deliver 72,730 B.t.u./hr. under full operating conditions. The heat pump requires 5 kilowatts/hr.
Time=38 hrs.
Power required=5 kw. (including compressor and fan) Energy required=5 kw. (38 hrs.)\=190 kw. hrs.
Price of electricity- 2.71/kvV.-hr.
Total cost=.0271 (190) Total cost=$5.15
At a rate of $0.0271/kw.hr., the total cost for heating a 33,000 gallon pool under the conditions of the previous example would be $5.15, though the time required would be 38 hours. If the same heating requirements were met through direct conversion fl electric energy into heat energy by means of resistance heating, the following analysis would be true:
1 kilowatt- 3,415 B.t.u./hr. for a 5 kilowatt heater: Qout--S (3,4l5)=17,075 B.t.u./hr.
. 4 Time required to heat pool:
Q 27e-lof TMHC`Q.- 2.7.104L
Time=l62 hrs. Power required=5 kw.
The comparison of a heat pump over a fuel burning heater is seen in the following tabulations of the results of the sample calculations:
Gas Heater-Total Cost $11.05 Heat Pump-Total Cost S5 .15
The latter ligure reduces to zero if air conditioning is the prime requirement. Moreover, the method illustrated in FIG. 2 reduces air conditioning costs by not requiring an extra circulation pump and a fan and a cooling tower to bring the hot condenser water back t0 the outside temperature.
From the foregoing it will be apparent to those skilled in this art that I have provided a relatively simple and highly eicient method of accomplishing the objectives of the invention. Minor modifications from the embodiments disclosed in the drawings and in the above speci cation may be resorted to without departure from the spirit of this invention which is defined as to scope in the appended claims.
I claim:
1. A method by which the heat rejected from a watercooled air conditioner may be utilized to heat the water of a swimming pool, including the step of circulating the swimming pool water by means of the swimming pool recirculating system through the cooling jacket of the condenser of said water-cooled air conditioner.
2. A method by `which the heat rejected from a watercooled heat pump may be utilized to heat the water of a swimming pool, including the step of using the swimming pool recirculating system to circulate said swimming pool water through the cooling jacket of the condenser of said water-cooled heat pump.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS
US751418A 1968-08-09 1968-08-09 Air conditioning method Expired - Lifetime US3498072A (en)

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Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3747907A (en) * 1972-06-28 1973-07-24 J Anderson Night stream cooling system and method
US3926008A (en) * 1974-08-15 1975-12-16 Robert C Webber Building cooling and pool heating system
US3976123A (en) * 1975-05-27 1976-08-24 Davies Thomas D Refrigeration system for controlled heating using rejected heat of an air conditioner
US3995443A (en) * 1975-01-02 1976-12-07 Iversen Rudolf O Air conditioning system
US4019338A (en) * 1976-01-09 1977-04-26 Poteet Everett E Heating and cooling system
US4179902A (en) * 1977-08-12 1979-12-25 Paul Mueller Company Hot water system and condensing unit therefor
US4201063A (en) * 1978-07-27 1980-05-06 Martinez George Jr Method and apparatus for conserving energy in an air conditioning system
US4279128A (en) * 1979-04-30 1981-07-21 Alfred R. Edwards Heat pump swimming pool heater
US4475343A (en) * 1980-05-14 1984-10-09 Bercwerksverband GmbH Method for the generation of heat using a heat pump, particularly for _processes run only at high temperatures
US4509680A (en) * 1980-12-18 1985-04-09 Leif Lemmeke Method for combined utilization of heat-conveying media such as ground water or surface water or the like as a heat source
US4557116A (en) * 1979-11-28 1985-12-10 Dectron Inc. Swimming pool dehumidifier
US4694588A (en) * 1985-06-05 1987-09-22 Frimair S.A. Dry cleaning machine
US4907418A (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-03-13 Defazio Louis C Liquid heating system particularly for use with swimming pools or the like
US5211027A (en) * 1989-06-23 1993-05-18 Temperature Limited Temperature control systems for vehicles
US5443112A (en) * 1994-06-21 1995-08-22 Scheideman; Floyd P. Water flow and heat exchange control system and method between heat source and water reservoir
US5495723A (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-03-05 Macdonald; Kenneth Convertible air conditioning unit usable as water heater
US5560216A (en) * 1995-02-23 1996-10-01 Holmes; Robert L. Combination air conditioner and pool heater
US5778696A (en) * 1997-09-05 1998-07-14 Conner; Leo B. Method and apparatus for cooling air and water
US5802864A (en) * 1997-04-01 1998-09-08 Peregrine Industries, Inc. Heat transfer system
WO2003012348A2 (en) * 2001-08-01 2003-02-13 Ace Ronald S Geothermal space conditioning
US6688129B2 (en) * 2001-08-01 2004-02-10 Ronald S Ace Geothermal space conditioning
US6708511B2 (en) 2002-08-13 2004-03-23 Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. Cooling device with subcooling system
US20040069001A1 (en) * 2002-08-01 2004-04-15 Taylor Darrell Thomas Air conditioning system
WO2007060343A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Financiere Piscine Equipement Heat pump for heating swimming pool water
US20080202125A1 (en) * 2007-02-26 2008-08-28 Unico, Inc. Packaged Small-Duct, High-Velocity Air Conditioner and Heat Pump Apparatus
US20100071384A1 (en) * 2008-09-25 2010-03-25 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Refrigeration systems and methods for connection with a vehicle's liquid cooling system
US20140157819A1 (en) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 Hyundai Motor Company Apparatus for supplying air of fuel cell vehicle
US11067339B2 (en) * 2018-06-15 2021-07-20 Senti Solutions Inc. Condensing a volatilized substance with a liquid

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3320762A (en) * 1965-12-08 1967-05-23 John P Murdoch Air conditioning system with heating means
US3399540A (en) * 1967-01-09 1968-09-03 Claud E. Kahmann Swimming pool systems

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3320762A (en) * 1965-12-08 1967-05-23 John P Murdoch Air conditioning system with heating means
US3399540A (en) * 1967-01-09 1968-09-03 Claud E. Kahmann Swimming pool systems

Cited By (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3747907A (en) * 1972-06-28 1973-07-24 J Anderson Night stream cooling system and method
US3926008A (en) * 1974-08-15 1975-12-16 Robert C Webber Building cooling and pool heating system
US3995443A (en) * 1975-01-02 1976-12-07 Iversen Rudolf O Air conditioning system
US3976123A (en) * 1975-05-27 1976-08-24 Davies Thomas D Refrigeration system for controlled heating using rejected heat of an air conditioner
US4019338A (en) * 1976-01-09 1977-04-26 Poteet Everett E Heating and cooling system
US4179902A (en) * 1977-08-12 1979-12-25 Paul Mueller Company Hot water system and condensing unit therefor
US4201063A (en) * 1978-07-27 1980-05-06 Martinez George Jr Method and apparatus for conserving energy in an air conditioning system
US4279128A (en) * 1979-04-30 1981-07-21 Alfred R. Edwards Heat pump swimming pool heater
US4770001A (en) * 1979-11-28 1988-09-13 Dectron, Inc. Swimming pool dehumidifier
US4557116A (en) * 1979-11-28 1985-12-10 Dectron Inc. Swimming pool dehumidifier
US4475343A (en) * 1980-05-14 1984-10-09 Bercwerksverband GmbH Method for the generation of heat using a heat pump, particularly for _processes run only at high temperatures
US4509680A (en) * 1980-12-18 1985-04-09 Leif Lemmeke Method for combined utilization of heat-conveying media such as ground water or surface water or the like as a heat source
US4694588A (en) * 1985-06-05 1987-09-22 Frimair S.A. Dry cleaning machine
US4907418A (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-03-13 Defazio Louis C Liquid heating system particularly for use with swimming pools or the like
US5211027A (en) * 1989-06-23 1993-05-18 Temperature Limited Temperature control systems for vehicles
US5443112A (en) * 1994-06-21 1995-08-22 Scheideman; Floyd P. Water flow and heat exchange control system and method between heat source and water reservoir
US5495723A (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-03-05 Macdonald; Kenneth Convertible air conditioning unit usable as water heater
US5560216A (en) * 1995-02-23 1996-10-01 Holmes; Robert L. Combination air conditioner and pool heater
US5901563A (en) * 1997-04-01 1999-05-11 Peregrine Industries, Inc. Heat exchanger for heat transfer system
US5802864A (en) * 1997-04-01 1998-09-08 Peregrine Industries, Inc. Heat transfer system
US6253564B1 (en) 1997-04-01 2001-07-03 Peregrine Industries, Inc. Heat transfer system
US5778696A (en) * 1997-09-05 1998-07-14 Conner; Leo B. Method and apparatus for cooling air and water
US5911745A (en) * 1997-09-05 1999-06-15 Conner; Leo B. Method and apparatus for cooling air and water
WO2003012348A2 (en) * 2001-08-01 2003-02-13 Ace Ronald S Geothermal space conditioning
WO2003012348A3 (en) * 2001-08-01 2003-05-30 Ronald S Ace Geothermal space conditioning
US6688129B2 (en) * 2001-08-01 2004-02-10 Ronald S Ace Geothermal space conditioning
US20040069001A1 (en) * 2002-08-01 2004-04-15 Taylor Darrell Thomas Air conditioning system
US6955065B2 (en) 2002-08-01 2005-10-18 Darrell Thomas Taylor Air conditioning system
US6708511B2 (en) 2002-08-13 2004-03-23 Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. Cooling device with subcooling system
WO2007060343A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Financiere Piscine Equipement Heat pump for heating swimming pool water
FR2894017A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-06-01 Financ Piscine Equipement Soc Heat pump for heating swimming pool water, has condenser with heat exchange circuits, and unit e.g. solenoid valve, switching circulation of refrigerating fluid between states in which it is circulated in one or two of circuits
US20080296396A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2008-12-04 Financiere Piscine Equipement Heat Pump for Heating Swimming Pool Water
CN101371084B (en) * 2005-11-28 2010-06-23 游泳池设施公司 Heat pump for heating swimming pool water
US20080202125A1 (en) * 2007-02-26 2008-08-28 Unico, Inc. Packaged Small-Duct, High-Velocity Air Conditioner and Heat Pump Apparatus
US8196642B2 (en) * 2007-02-26 2012-06-12 Unico, Inc. Packaged small-duct, high-velocity air conditioner and heat pump apparatus
US20100071384A1 (en) * 2008-09-25 2010-03-25 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Refrigeration systems and methods for connection with a vehicle's liquid cooling system
US9238398B2 (en) * 2008-09-25 2016-01-19 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Refrigeration systems and methods for connection with a vehicle's liquid cooling system
US20140157819A1 (en) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 Hyundai Motor Company Apparatus for supplying air of fuel cell vehicle
US9021824B2 (en) * 2012-12-07 2015-05-05 Hyundai Motor Company Apparatus for supplying air of fuel cell vehicle
US11067339B2 (en) * 2018-06-15 2021-07-20 Senti Solutions Inc. Condensing a volatilized substance with a liquid

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