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US3187568A - Filament fault detector - Google Patents

Filament fault detector Download PDF

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Publication number
US3187568A
US3187568A US95370A US9537061A US3187568A US 3187568 A US3187568 A US 3187568A US 95370 A US95370 A US 95370A US 9537061 A US9537061 A US 9537061A US 3187568 A US3187568 A US 3187568A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
scanning
textile material
slubs
members
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US95370A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gonsalves Victor Emanuel
Hilferink Garrit Johannes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzona Inc
Original Assignee
American Enka Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Enka Corp filed Critical American Enka Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3187568A publication Critical patent/US3187568A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H63/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package
    • B65H63/06—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to presence of irregularities in running material, e.g. for severing the material at irregularities ; Control of the correct working of the yarn cleaner
    • B65H63/062—Electronic slub detector
    • B65H63/064—Electronic slub detector using capacitor sensing means, i.e. the defect signal is a variation of impedance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the preparation of packages of yarn comprising continuous filaments having a basis of a synthetic material. This invention further relates to a method of and apparatus for signalling and registering the presence of slubs on a running yarn or sheet of yarns.
  • thebulk of the so-called semi or fully synthetic continuous yarns produced are supplied to converters in the form of packages for processing into warp beams on Warping machines for use in the weaving and knitting of fabric webs, and also for processing on other yarn holders such as pirns, bobbins, etc.
  • the final quality of the fabric woven or knitted from said yarns it is of great importance to know to what degree the yarn as delivered on the packages is slubby.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a system for indicating, signaling and/ or registering the existence of slubs present on a running length of yarn or sheet of yarns.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for detecting broken filaments or slubs projecting from running yarn or sheet of yarns without engagement therewith.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide a system for detecting broken filaments on traveling yarn which does not require frictional engagement between the yarn and detecting means.
  • the present invention makes it possible to realize considerable improvements in the qualtity of woven or knitted fabrics in a surprisingly simple manner.
  • each yarn package is provided with an indication of the number of slubs incorporated in the package during winding. Accordingly, the yarn packages to be placed on the creel of a warping or knitting machine can easily be classified according to the number of slubs. Consequently, the amount of first quality product finally obtained increases with startingly rapid progress. Moreover, it has been found possible to trace yarn packages containing many slubs to their source. As a result, an improvement has been obtained in establishing faulty machine operation responsible for the occurrence of said slubs.
  • the apparatus required for this purpose comprises equipment, such as the photo-cell and the light source, which is very fragile as well as liable to become obsolete, besides increasing the operating costs.
  • Another objection is the large space required to accommodate such apparatus.
  • a passing slub i.e. a slub on a running yarn
  • a passing slub is detected by means of the electrostatic charge present on the said slub.
  • scanning members of a scanning device are placed so close to the running yarn that a projecting slub passes very closely along one or more of said members, or even brushes them.
  • the scanning device is furnished with a charge of the same sign as the charge of the slub, thus creating a voltage impulse of the same sign each time the slub passes the scanning device.
  • the voltage impulse after it has been appropriately amplified, is fed to a signalling and/ or registering means.
  • the apparatus for signalling and/ or registering the existence of slubs on a running textile material comprises means for moving the textile material, two thread guides for guiding the textile material along a fixed path, and one or more scanning members of a material of electrical conductivity in one plane between the guides and at a short distance from the path of the running textile material.
  • the scanning members may be connected individually or in a group or groups to one or more electronic amplifiers, the outputs of which are connected to one or more signalling and/ or registering instruments.
  • the nature of the signalling and/ or registering instruments may vary greatly.
  • the signalling instrument may be, for instance, a bell, a siren, or a lamp, which is energized when a passing slub has induced an electric signal into one or more of the scanning members.
  • the said instruments may also be connected to a stop motion, which discontinues the movement of the textile material.
  • the apparatus may be employed for detecting the passing of slubs present in a sheet of yarn, as in the form of a warp, thebest results will be obtained where the apparatus according to the invention is used for counting the slubs on a single running thread of yarn, and will be so described. By counting may also be understood here the signalling and/or registering of the passing of slubs, if any, per unit of time or length of the textile material.
  • the scanning'device or devices are arranged symmetrical in relation to the axis of the path of the yarn. If a single scanning device is employed, it should preferably be circular.
  • the electrostatic charge may also be distributed unequally over any cross-section of the thread of yarn. This results in an irregular arrangement in relation to the yarn path of the equipotential surfaces effected by the electrostatic charge. If this irregular arrangement of said equipotential surfaces varies very rapidly'and irregularly along the yarn axis, which will always happen, then the yarn itself will excite varying induction voltages in the scanning members.
  • an even number of scanning members located at an equal distance from the axis of the yarn path, is divided into two equally large interconnected groups which are each connected to an amplifier whose outputs are so connected to a third amplifier that the latter responds only to the differencesignal from the two first-mentioned amplifiers, the output of the third amplifier being also connected to a counting unit.
  • This can be realized, for instance, by connecting the outputs of the two first-mentioned amplifiers to the ends of the primary winding of a transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected to the said third amplifier.
  • the two groups of scanning members each comprise several scanning members that are so arranged that two of these members, each belonging to a different group, are always placed close together, the effect of the electrostatic potential planes being arranged irregulariy can be practically neutralized without causing interference with the signal received from a passing slub.
  • an arrangement is applied in which the scanning members of the two groups are arranged alternately in a star-shaped pattern.
  • This arrangement has been found to be the best possible means of avoiding unfavorable effects on the signals received from slubs.
  • straight scanning devices may be inserted over equally long disstances in a ring of insulating material through the center of which the yarn is adapted to run.
  • each scanning member is designed in the above-described shape of helically wound metal wires
  • the screening arrangement according to the invention can be realized very conveniently by winding one or more insulated metal wires between the helices of the scanning members, the metal wires having the same helices as the scanning members and serving as screening conductors.
  • the scanning members In order to transmit a signal of the highest possible intensity to the amplifiers, it has been found necessary according to the invention for the scanning members to be of a very low self-capacity.
  • a satisfactory embodiment of the amplifiers to which the scanning members are connected is characterized by a high input impedance and a low output impedance, whereby the relaxation period of an incoming signal determined by the input impedance and the capacity of the scanning members is at least as long as the period necessary for a slub to pass the scanning device under normal operating conditions.
  • the signal may be considered to be fed to an equivalent circuit of the amplifier input.
  • This equivalent circuit consists of a simple R-C (resistance-capacitance) wiring system.
  • R-C resistance-capacitance
  • the said relaxation time is at least as long as the time taken by a slub to pass the scanning member under normal operating conditions. In this manner the charge of a passing slub is caused to bring about the greatest possible induct-ion charge on the amplifier input.
  • each scanning device or group of scanning devices is connected, as a cathode follower, to the grid of an amplifying valve.
  • Each scanning member is provided on both sides with screening members, which are each or by groups connected to the cathode of the amplifying valve whose grid is coupled to the scanning member provided with said screening members.
  • the above-described apparatus for signalling and registering the existence of slubs on a running yarn or sheet of yarns may be fitted on or form part of many different textile machines, such as creels, winders, and coners.
  • This apparatus has proved to be of particular advantage in combination with drawtwisters for drawing yarns manufactured from thermoplastic linear polymers such as, for example, polyamides, polyesters, polymethanes and copolymers, since it has been found that the majority of slubs are obtained when the production process of such yarns is in the drawing stage.
  • thermoplastic linear polymers such as, for example, polyamides, polyesters, polymethanes and copolymers
  • the yarns wound to packages can be sorted in a simple manner. It has been found that the number of slubs that may have been produced after counting, e.g. during winding or other additional treatments is negligibly small. Consequently, they no longer have any essential influence on the quality of the end product.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic front View of a drawtwister showing a scanning member in position
  • FIGURE 2 is a detail View of a scanning member
  • FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatic view of the circuit for the amplification of the signals received.
  • FIGURE 4- is a detailed diagrammatic representation of the introduction into the amplifier circuit of a received signal.
  • the reference numeral 1 indicates a package of undrawn yarn. After this yarn has been drawn down, it is Wound onto another package 2 mount ed on a conventional twisting spindle (not shown). To this end the undrawn yarn 3 runs from the package 1 through a guiding eyelet 4 to a pair of feed rollers 5 and 6. From there it is pulled over the draw pins 7 and 8 by a draw godet 9. After passing the draw pins 7 and- 8, the yarn 3 is wound a few times around the draw godet 9 and the guiding roller 19 and subsequently fed to the twisting spindle, through an eyelet 11, thus forming a yarn balloon 12 with the aid of a traveller 13 of the twisting device and is wound onto the package 2.
  • the feeler consists of a ring 17 of insulating material.
  • the ring 17 is provided with an aperture 18, through which a yarn 3 can be guided intothe ring.
  • the ring 17 is attached to a holder 19 by means of which the feeler 16 can be conveniently mounted in desired position.
  • the arrangement of the thread guides 14 and 15 relative to the feeler 16 is such that a yarn 3, which is led along the guides 14 and 15, passes through the center of the ring 17.
  • the wires 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 are wound a few times according to a helical pattern.
  • the wires 21 and 24. are of bright copper, the others of enameled copper.
  • the wires around the ring 17 are all coated with a very thin layer of plastic material to prevent the ring from becoming dirty.
  • the wires and 22 as well as the wires 23 and 25 are connected in pairs and function as shielding wires.
  • FIGURE 2 shows a diagrammatic cross-section of a yarn thread with one broken single filament 26.
  • the so-called slub is obviously nearer to the metal wire windings than the unbroken filaments. Accordingly, the slub in passing through the ring 17 will induce a charge on one winding of the wires 21 or 24.
  • the signals received either by the wire 21 or the wire 24, are fed to the identical amplifiers A or A respectively, to which the wires are operatively connected, as shown in FZGURE 3.
  • the amplifiers 5 A and A are cathode followers and function as impedance transformers, i.e. their input impedance is very high and their output impedance low.
  • a reversal stage R Connected in series with the amplifier A is a reversal stage R which efiects a completely uniform reversal of the output signal from the amplifier A Since the output impedance of the amplifiers A and A is low, it is possible for the following circuit elements to be connected to said amplifiers by means of comparatively long cables and be disposed elsewhere.
  • the output signal from the reversal stage R is mixed with that from the amplifier A As a result, all the noise signals produced by the slubs can be practically eliminated. Moreover, it has been found that the wiring system is highly insensitive to external interferences. All signals measured are subsequently transmitted to an amplifier stage A and from there they are finally passed to a counting unit C. This counting unit C responds in such a way that if two ends of a broken single filament pass, only one slub is counted.
  • the shielding wires 20, 22, 23 and 25 are connected to the amplifier stages A and A as is shown in FIGURE 4.
  • Apparatus for signalling the existence of slubs in a travelling yarn comprising means for drawing the yarn whereby an electrostatic charge is placed thereon, two thread guides for maintaining the travelling yarn in a fixed path, a scanning device positioned along the path of the travelling yarn between the said thread guides and symmetrical in relation to the yarn path, said scanning device comprising an even number of scanning members of electrically conductive material to which the electrostatic charge on the slubs in the textile material is transmitted, said scanning members being located at an equal distance from the axis of the yarn' path and being divided into first and second groups containing the same number of scanning members, first and second amplifiers connected to said first and second scanning groups respectively, a third amplifier to which the outputs of the two said amplifiers are connected in such a manner that only the differencesignal from the two said amplifiers is responded to by said third amplifier, and means connected to the output of said third amplifier for signalling the presence of slubs.
  • An apparatus characterized in that the groups of scanning members are formed by two metal wires wound helically and at an interval of half a pitch, the helices being bent into the form of a circle.
  • An apparatus characterized in that between the helices of the scanning members insulated metal wires are wound of the same helices as that of the scanning members, the metal wires serving as screening conductors.
  • An apparatus characterized in that the scanning members have a very low self-capacity.
  • An apparatus characterized in that the amplifiers to which the scanning members are connected have a high input impedance and a low output impedance, whereby the relaxation time of an incoming signal determined by the input impedance and the capacity of the scanning members, is at least as long as the time necessary for a slub to pass the scanning member under normal operating conditions.
  • An apparatus characterized in that a plurality of scanning devices are employed and the scanning members of said'scanning devices are connected to the grids of the amplifying valve of the amplifier, said amplifying valves being connected as a cathode follower, and each scanning device being provided on both sides with screening members, connected to the cathode of the amplifying valve the grid of which is coupled to the scanning member provided with said screening members.
  • Apparatus for indicating irregularities in travelling textile material comprising means for conveying and guiding a textile material along a fixed path whereby an electrostatic charge is placed thereon, a scanning device supported alongside the path of moving textile material, said scanning device including an insulating member and at least two conductors coiled helically about said member whereby the electrostatic charge produced by any irregularity in the textile material may be induced therein, an electronic amplifier connected to each of said coiled con References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,010,683 8/35 Williams 206-65 2,295,795 9/42 Keeler 73-460 2,304,645 12/42 Keeler 73-160 2,326,928 8/ 43 Courson 206-65 2,929,245 3/ 60 Fischer 73160 RICHARD C. QUEISSER, Primary Examiner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Filamentary Materials, Packages, And Safety Devices Therefor (AREA)
US95370A 1960-03-15 1961-03-13 Filament fault detector Expired - Lifetime US3187568A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL249456 1960-03-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3187568A true US3187568A (en) 1965-06-08

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ID=19752223

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US95370A Expired - Lifetime US3187568A (en) 1960-03-15 1961-03-13 Filament fault detector

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3187568A (es)
CH (1) CH387335A (es)
DE (1) DE1869571U (es)
ES (2) ES265739A1 (es)
GB (1) GB906237A (es)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289957A (en) * 1963-06-14 1966-12-06 Reiners Walter Method and apparatus for controlling a yarn-winding machine having an automatic knotting device
US3390441A (en) * 1965-12-13 1968-07-02 Zellweger Uster Ag Apparatus and method for reducing the number of unnecessary cuts of yarn
US3430488A (en) * 1967-02-07 1969-03-04 Du Pont Calorimetric yarn deniering apparatus
JPS5114090A (en) * 1974-07-24 1976-02-04 Toyo Boseki Itono shindohyokahoho

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH583656A5 (es) * 1974-11-29 1977-01-14 Loepfe Ag Geb
CH625484A5 (es) * 1977-10-05 1981-09-30 Loepfe Ag Geb

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2010683A (en) * 1935-03-02 1935-08-06 Robert Gaylord Inc Package for rayon cones or the like
US2295795A (en) * 1938-11-23 1942-09-15 Brown Instr Co Registering apparatus
US2304645A (en) * 1936-12-29 1942-12-08 Brown Instr Co Means for indicating defects in threads
US2326928A (en) * 1940-01-27 1943-08-17 Hinde & Dauch Paper Co Carton
US2929245A (en) * 1956-12-20 1960-03-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Moving strand flaw detector

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2010683A (en) * 1935-03-02 1935-08-06 Robert Gaylord Inc Package for rayon cones or the like
US2304645A (en) * 1936-12-29 1942-12-08 Brown Instr Co Means for indicating defects in threads
US2295795A (en) * 1938-11-23 1942-09-15 Brown Instr Co Registering apparatus
US2326928A (en) * 1940-01-27 1943-08-17 Hinde & Dauch Paper Co Carton
US2929245A (en) * 1956-12-20 1960-03-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Moving strand flaw detector

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289957A (en) * 1963-06-14 1966-12-06 Reiners Walter Method and apparatus for controlling a yarn-winding machine having an automatic knotting device
US3390441A (en) * 1965-12-13 1968-07-02 Zellweger Uster Ag Apparatus and method for reducing the number of unnecessary cuts of yarn
US3430488A (en) * 1967-02-07 1969-03-04 Du Pont Calorimetric yarn deniering apparatus
JPS5114090A (en) * 1974-07-24 1976-02-04 Toyo Boseki Itono shindohyokahoho
JPS543756B2 (es) * 1974-07-24 1979-02-26

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES265739A1 (es) 1961-10-16
ES265737A1 (es) 1961-06-01
CH387335A (de) 1965-01-31
DE1869571U (de) 1963-03-28
GB906237A (en) 1962-09-19

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