US2937638A - Toy gun - Google Patents

Description

G. RAUGLAS May 24, 1960 TOY GUN Filed March 6, 1957 n u n Y, In l IIAgIJ l lvIl I i i A I l Il I l A l l l I l Y A l I l l n l l o I I I l l l I I n l I v l v f a l A i ,Il I

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l ToY GUN Gerard Rauglas, Aroma llark, El. Filed Mar. 6, 1951, ser. No. 644,327

' s claims. (c1. 124-14) This invention relates to a toy gun construction, and more particularly to a pop-gun construction embodying numerous safety features and, at the same time, maintaining a -highly realistic appearance.

Various pop-guns have heretofore been proposed which, however, by reason of design, are beset with one or more shortcomings. For example, in many instances a projectile, normally cork, is utilized, which is expelled from the forward end of the barrel upon tiring of the gun and, thus, is a potential hazard to person or property when the gun is carelessly handled. In addition, the projectile is susceptible to being lost and, in certain instances, makes reloadingl of the gun an awkward operation, particularly for small children. A second shortcoming, which i-s prevalent in most prior art guns of this type, is the awkwardness, diiiiculty, and delay experienced, particularly by small children, in cocking the gun prior to tiring. Third, there is a real danger in many prior guns, of a childs linger or hand becoming accidentally caught in the cocking or trigger mechanism during tiring of the gun. Fourth, prior guns are normally not capable of being readily assembled and disassembled by achild. Lastly, prior pop-guns frequently have the various operating parts thereof of a delicate and complex construction and not readily capableA of vwithstanding abusive handling.

Thus, it is one-of the objects of this invention to provide a toy gun construction which isnot `beset -with the aforementioned shortcomings.

' It is a further object of this invention to provide a .toy gun which is highly realistic in appearance and is not a potential hazard when in inexperienced hands.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a toy gun which enables a child to readily cock the gun without the latter being. removed from a tiring position.

It is a still further object of this invention to provide a toy gun where accidental tiring of the gun cannot occur until the cooking mechanism is returned to its proper starting position, thereby simulating the motion required in firing certain military or hunting weapons.

It is a still further object of this invention to provide a toy gun which is readily capable of assembly and disassembly and, thus, is of educationalV value to a child as well as providing an interesting and enjoyable means of improving the adroitness of the child.

It is a still further object of this invention to provide a toy gun which is of simple and durable construction, inexpensive to produce, and effective in operation.

Further and additional objects will appear from the description, accompanying e drawings and appended claims. e i

4In accordance with one embodiment of this invention, a toy gun is provided which includes an elongated-barrel having the vforward end thereof closed and an apertured abutment disposed within such ybarrel and spaced a predetermined distance from such end to form an elongated chamber. Mounted for reciprocatory movement within the barrel is a slide member. The slide member is disspacing or chamber 23 formed between the second Vand third abutments is adapted to accommodate'the firing ce. Y P'tented May 24,196oi posed rearwardly of the aperturedA abutment Vand is adapted to entrap land compress a uid rearwardlyof such abutment. Disposed withinthe elongated chamber is an element which is adapted to be moved into seating engagement with the abutment aperture upon rearward relative movement of the slide member. The element is responsive to the compressed uid and is adapted'to be moved from its seated position into the chamber independently of the slide member. element within the chamber is guided by means of an elongated guide piece extending rearwardly from the element through the abutment aperture and terminating in a ysliding engagement Within the slide member.

For a more complete understanding of this invention, reference should be made to the drawing, wherein:V

Figure l is a side elevational view of one form of the improved gun;

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken Referring now to the drawing, an improved pop-gun l 10 is shown which, in this instance, is in the form of a riiie, and comprises a barrel 11 and stock or shoulderengaging portion 12. The barrel 11, as seen more clearly in Fig. 3, includes an elongated tubular front section 13 which projects forwardly of the stock 12, and an elongated relatively short tubular rear section 14 which is adapted to encompass a portion Vof the rear end of section 13.

Slidably disposed within rear section 1.4 is the firing mechanism 15. The forward movement of firing mechanism 1S within the barrel is controlled by a. trigger mechanism 16, which is mounted within stock 12.

Disposed at the front endv of barrel section 13 isa plug-like element17 which is adaptedto close off the end of the'barrel. Spaced rearwardly from element 17, and mounted in fixed relation within the barrel interior, is a first abutment 18. The spacing bet-Ween ele-v 18, and mounted in xed relation wtihin the barrel interior and adjacent the rear end thereof, is a second abutment 20. The spacing or chamber 21, disposed between the first and second abutments is adapted toaccommo- Y date an elongated rod 31 which is integrally connected to tiring mechanism 15. Aiiixed to the rear end of second barrel section 14 is a plug-like element 22. Thek mechanism 15.

Disposed within the first chamber 19 is projectile elea ment24, preferably formed of a cork material. The movement of element 24 is conned to within chamber 19 and thus prevents the projectile element injuring person or property, or becoming lost. Element 24 when moved rearwardly relative to the barrel, in a manner to Ybe described more fully hereinafter, is adapted to become seatedwithin tapered bore 25 formed in abutment '18. To effect this rearward movement, element 24. has extending therefrom an elongated stem 26 which passes; through bore 2S and has the'rear jend- 27 thereof eterminailing an yelongated cavity 28 formed in forward end 30 of rod 31. Rod 31, in turn, extends through and The movement of theV is guided by a suitable bore 40 formed in second abutment 20. The rear end of rod 31tern1inates in a tiring head 43, which forms a part of riug mechanism and is slidably disposed in chamber 23.

Aixed to plug-like element 17, and projecting into chamber 19, is a cushion piece 32, which is adapted to cushion `the shock of element -24 when it is discharged from the abutment aperture 25 into chamber `19. Formed in the portion of barrel section 11 encompassing chamber 19 are a plurality of apertures 33 (see Figs. l and 2) which are provided to permit the noise, caused when the element 24- is discharged into chamber 19, to readily lescape and produce the desired pop when the gun is tired. The number and size of apertures 33 may be varied so that the desired Apop sound may be obtained. Aixed'to the outer periphery of cavitated rod portion 3i) is a plunger 34, formed of a plurality of washer-like elements '34a arranged in abutting side-byside relation. The outer periphery of each element 34a slidably engages the interior surface of the barrel chamber 21. Secured to the front end of portion and disposed forwardly of plunger 34 is a guide piece 35 which is provided with a suitable central opening to permit the stem 26 to slidably extend into cavity 23. The rear end 27 of stem 26 is enlarged and impassablc through the opening in piece and, thus, accidental disengagement of rod 31 and stern 26 is prevented. The longitudinal dimension of stem 26 is such that, when rod 31 is moved rearwardly relative to the barrel 13 by the ring mechanism 15, enlarged end 27 will be engaged by guide element 35 and move rearwardly with the rcd 31 whereby element 24 will become rmly seated within the aperture 25 formed in abutment 18.

A small breather hole 36 (see Fig. 2) is formed in the portion of the barrel section 13 encompassing chamber 21, so as to release any vacuum created within the barrel when the plunger 34 is drawn rearwardly during cocking of the gun. Element 24 is unseated from aperture 25 by compression of the air, rearwardly of abutment 18, effected by forward movement of the plunger 34 within barrel chamber 21. Forward movement of plunger 34 is controlled by the trigger mechanism `16 operating on tiring mechanism 15. It is the sudden expelling of projectile element 24 into chamber 19 which produces the desired pop.

Rod 31 is centrally aligned within barrel section 13 'and has affixed thereto, a short distance rearwardly of end portion 30, a shoulder 37. Shoulder 37 contacts the forward end of a coil spring 38 which encompasses the rod 31 and is disposed between second abutment 20 and shoulder 37. It is the energy of spring 3S, when the ring mechanism is released by trigger mechanism 16, which impels the ring mechanism and plunger 34 in a forward direction within barrel 11. The rod 31 is maintained in substantial axial alignment with the axis of the barrel 11 by the plunger 34 aflixed thereto and the central bore 40 formed in second abutment 20. Abutment 20 is maintained in a xed position within the barrel 11 by a removable bolt '41, which is mounted within the stock 12 and threaded into the underside of abutment 20.

Firing mechanism 15 includes, in addition to rod 31 and tiring head 43, a cockingmember 42 which is provided with a bore through which a portion of rod 31 slidably extends. Member 42 is disposed between firing head 43 and abutment 20 and is adapted to cause head 43 to be withdrawn in chamber A23 until it is in cocked position C (see Fig. 4). Member 42 is manually actuated by a laterally extending 4arm 44, which extends through an elongated slot 45 formed in the periphery of barrel section 14.

Firing head 43 `is .retained in Vits cocked position C (see Fig. 4) by an upwardly projecting portion 46 formed on a lever 47 (see Fig. 5) of the trigger mechanism 16. The operationof lever 47 and the remainder of trigger mechanism 1'6- will be described more fully hereinafter. Threadably mounted on plug-like element 22, and extending axially into the rear of chamber 23, is a stop adjustment 48 which is adapted to limit the extent to which the ring head 43 may be withdrawn relative to barrel 11. The purpose of having stop element 48 adjustable is to insure that the rearward movement of ring head 43 and rod 31 will be suicient to positively seat projectile element 24 within aperture 25 of abutment 18. After prolonged firing of the gun, the element 24, because of its resilient character, becomes slightly worn, thereby necessitating the element 24 to be withdrawn further into tapered bore 25. Plug element 22 is retained in a relatively fixed position at the rear end of barrel section :14 by a removable bolt 50 carried by the stock 12.

The trigger mechanism 16, which is shown more clearly in Fig. 5, includes, in addition to lever 47, a nger piece 51, in the form of a bell-crank lever, which is pivotally mounted within a suitable recess 49, formed in stock 12. Piece 51 has a nose portion 51a which is disposed within a suitable cut-out 47a -formed 'in the rearwardly disposed end of lever 47. Piece 51 also has a depending secbnd portion 51b which projects from beneath stock 12 and is adapted for linger engagement. Projecting upwardly a slight amount from the juncture of portions 51a and 51h of piece 51 is a lug 51e. Piece 51 pivots about a pin 52, which is carried by stockf12. The upper protruding end '45 of lever 47 extends through a suitable elongated groove formed in the underside of barrel section 14, so that end 46 will interrupt forward movement of `tiring head 43 and retain the llatter in cocked position C, as seen more clearly in Fig. 4. The rear end 46 of lever 47 is spaced from lug 51e, as seen more clearly in Fig. 5.

Disposed adjacent to, and to one side of, lever 47 is an elongated safety lever 53. Levers 47 and 53 are adapted to pivot about a common pin 54, which is mounted within stock 12. The rear end of lever .53, that is, the end adjacent piece51, is provided with an offset portion 53a, which is adapted to be disposed `within the spacing between the end 46 of lever 47 and lug 51e` formed on piece 51. Otlset portion 53a is adapted to prevent 4pivoting movement of piece 51 in a clockwise direction about pin 52 as an axis, when lever 53 is pivoted its fullest extent in a counter-clockwise direction about pin 54 (see Figs. 3 or 4). Lever S3 is biased to assume this latter position by reason of spring 56, carried within a suitable pocket 12b formed in stock 12.

Disposed to the opposite side of lever 47 is a spacer lever 55 which, likewise, is adapted to `pivot about pin 54. Levers 47, 53 and 55 are all` disposedwithin a portion of recess 49, formed in stock 12. Lever 47 Vis biased in a clockwise direction about pin 54 by spring 47b, the lower end of which is disposed within a suitable pocket 12a formed in stock 12. As previously mentioned, safety lever 53 is also biased in a counter-clockwise direction by spring 56, the lower end of which Vis disposed' within a suitable pocket 12b formed in stock 12.

The end S3b of lever 53, opposite from offset end 53a projects upwardly through the elongated slot formed 'in the underside of barrel section 14, into the chamber A23" (see Fig. 4) by reason of spring 55. When cocking mem ber 42 is in its most forward position, that is, when tiring head 43 is in position vB, end 53b of lever 53 is depressed, whereby offset `end 53a is moved out of the way of lug 51C of trigger piece 51 to permit the latter to pivot in a clockwise direction and, in turn, depress the end 46 of lever 47 out of the way of firing head 43. When head 43 is moved rearwardly into cocked position C by mem' ber 42, end 53h of lever 53 is free to project into cha'mber 23 and, simultaneously therewith, prevent pivotingof i trigger piece 51. Lever end 53h remains in its raised position until cocking member 42 is returned to its fori wardrnost position against abutment 20. Thus, b'efor'e firing the gun, it is essential that 'cocking member 42 `i's n .wc

in'fits correct position. Cocking member 42 has the underside thereof provided with a cut-out 42a, which is adapted to accommodate the projectingportion 46 ,of lever 4'7 Vwithout depressing same, when member 42 moves rearwardly to cock the gun.

ln Fig. 6 is shown a modified 4form of -barrel section 14 in which is disposed a safety sleeve 57, which is substantially cylindrical in shape and one side'thereof pro` vided with an elongated slot 58. Sleeve 57 is disposed within chamber 23 intermediate the second abutment 20 and end member 22. The slot 58 is adapted to permit the cocking arm 44 toextend therethrough. Sleeve 57 is adapted to turn about its longitudinal axis by cocking arm 44 when the latter is moved into and out of offset portion 45a of slot 45 formed in barrel section 14-(see Fig. 6). At opposite ends of slot 58 there are formed cuteouts 58a, one to accommodate end 46 of lever 47 and the other end 5317 of lever 53, when sleeve 57'is4 turned about its longitudinal axis. When cocking arm 44 is disposed in slot portion 45a, the sleeve 57 will close off elongated slot 45 and thereby prevent the user of the gun becoming injured, or the gun damaged, by placing fingers or foreign matter into chamber 23, before the firing head 43 is moved from its cockedposition. The inner diam-v eter of sleeve S7 is such as to permit firing head v43 and cocking member 42 to slide therein.

In Fig. 3 the plunger 34 is shown in dotted lines at a position A, which is the position it assumes when the firing head 43 is in its cocked position C. Thus, the distance plunger 34 moves rearwardly relative to barrel section f3 to position A is greater than the extent to which stern 26 extends into cavity 28 formed in rod end 30 and, thus, seating of element 24 in aperture 25 is assured.

While the improved pop-gun construction is shown incorporated within a ritie type of gun, it is to be understood, of course, that such mechanism might be incorporated in guns of other types than that shown. The advantages of utilizing arm 44 to cock the firing head 43 isl suchthat one may readily cock the same without removing the gun from'his or her shoulder and, thus, cause more rapid tiring, with little or no awkwardness.

The size and stiffness of spring 38 may be variedv to suit the capabilitiesA of the user of the gun.

.By reason of removable bolts 50 and 41, the barrel T i may be readily disassembled from stock 12.V In addition, end member22 may be withdrawn from the barrel, as well as head 43 and cocking member 42, subsequent to arm 44 being removed from the latter. Head43 may be disconnected from rod 31 by removing a screw 60,` which is axially threaded into the end of rod v31. Theenlarged head of the screw is disposed ina countersunk opening formed in the rear face of head 43.

'Thus, it will be seen that a pop-gun construction has been provided which is possessed of 'numerous safety:

features not heretofore possessed by'theprior art. In addition, the improved gun is highly realistic in appearance. The improved gun may be` readily disassembled by young and old alike and thus enables the young to improve their adroitness'and, at the same time, provides a source of knowledge of proper guncare, as well as great enjoyment.

While several embodiments of this invention are shown above, it will be understood, ofcourse, that the invention is not to be limited thereto, since may modifications may be made, and it is contemplated, therefore,rby the appended claims,VV to cover any such modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of this invention.

I claim:

'1. A toy gun comprising an elongated barrel having the forward end thereof closed, an apertured first abut'- ment disposed within said barrel and spaced rearwardly from said closed forward end, a second abutment disposed within said barrel and spaced rearwardly from said first abutment, means mounted for reciprocatory movement within said barrel, said means having a first por- 'tion thereof slidable intermediate said abutments for en-'t trappingand compressing a uid between said first' abut-` ment and said first portion, and a secondportion thereof slidable rearwardly of said second abutment, said meansv being biased for movement in a` forward direction, la-

cocking unit mounted for engagement with saidmeans for actuating the latter rearwardly to a cocked position wherein the second portion of said means is spaced ,;a predetermined distance from said second abutment, an element disposed within said barrel intermediate said first abutment and said closedzforward end, said element being operatively connected to said means upon rearward movement thereof and 'effecting a seating engagement withinthe aperture of said first abutment, said element. being responsive into an unseated position by the'iiuid compressed by said means first portion, the movement of said element within said barrel being along a substantially guided path, a trigger meansrmounted for releasable engagement with said means second portion to retain the latter in said cocked position.

2. A top gun comprising an elongated" barrel having the forward end thereof closed, an apertured first abut-Y ment disposed within said barrel and spaced a predetermined distance from said closed forward end to form a chamber, the portion of said barrel defining said chamber being provided with an opening, an apertured second abutment disposed within said barrel and spaced rear-V wardly a substantial distance from said first abutment, a slide member mounted for reciprocatory movement within said barrel, said slide member being biased for move-A ment in a forward direction relative `to said barrel and having integrally connected first and second portions, said first portion being disposed intermediate said abutments and provided with a head-piece, disposedadjacent said first abutment, forV entrapping and compressing a fluid intermediate said first abutment and said head, said first portion being provided with a longitudinal bore opening adjacent said first abutment, the second portion of said' slide member being disposed rearwardly of said second abutment, a cocking unit mounted for engagement with said slide member second portion to actuate the latter rearwardly intoa cocked position wherein the end of theY second portion of said slide member is spaced a predetermined distance from said second abutment, an element disposed within said chamber and actuated by said slide member into -seating engagement within the aperture of said first abutment wherein said aperture is closed olif upon movement of said slide member into said cocked position,V said-element, when in said vseating engagement,

beingresponsive to the fluid compressed by said slide member and expelled from such position into saidchamr` ber, said element including an elongated guide piece extending rearwardly therefrom through'said first abut,

ment aperture and terminating within the longitudinal bore f of said slide member first portion.

3. A toygun comprising an elongated barrel having a closed forward end, an apertured abutment disposed within said barrel and spaced rearwardly` from said forward end to lform an elongated chamber, a slide member disposed within said barrel and rearwardly of said abutment` and mounted for'reciprocation therein, said slide mem?" ber being'actuated rearwardlyrelative to said barrel to a Y said abutment aperture upon movement of said slide mem- .Y ber into said cocked position and being responsive to the fluid pressure efectedby said slide member for` move,-

ment lindependently. Vof. said slide member from saidk `Y i seatedposition into vsaid chamber, said element includ! ing a rearwardly extending guide piece proje'cting through said abutment aperture and terminating in a sliding con-V nection with said slide member, thelength of said guide piece being greater than the longitudinal dimension of said chamber and effecting movement of said element within said chamber along a guided path, and trigger means mounted for releasable engagement with said slide member to retain the latter in said cocked position.

4. A toy gun comprising an elongated barrel having the forward and rear ends thereof closed, a pair of relatively spaced apertured abutments disposed within said barrel, one abutment being spaced from said closed forward end to form an elongated first chamber, the second abutment being spaced from said closed rear end to form an elongated second chamber, the portion of said barrel encompassing said first chamber being provided with an opening, the portion of said barrel encompassing said second chamber being `provided with an elongated longitudinally extending slot, a slide member disposed within said barrel and mounted for reciprocatory movement therein, said slide member having afirst portion disposed within said second chamber and a second portion Jdisposed intermediate said abutments, said first and second portions of Said slide member being movable as-a unit, said slide member second portion effecting entrapping and compressing of a fluid within said barrel intermediate said one abutment and the adjacent end of said slide member second portion, spring means cooperating with said slide member for biasing the latter for relativemovement in a forward direction, a cocking unit mounted for reciprocatory movement within said second chamber and operable, when moved in a direction towardsaid closed rear end, from a rest position adjacent said second abutment, to eectsimultaneous movement of'said slide member in the same direction until the end of said slide member, adjacent the barrel closed rear end, reaches a predetermined cocked position within said second chamber, whereupon said cocking unit is movable independently of said slide member in a forward direction to said rest position, handle means carried by said cocking unit and projecting through said barrel slot to eectactuation of said unit, trigger means mounted for releasable engagement with said slide member to retain the latter in `said cocked position, an element, disposed in said first chamber, having a rearwardly extending guide piece projecting through the aperture of said one abutment and terminating in sliding engagement with said slide member second portion wherein said element is actuated by said slide member into seating engagement Vwithin said abutment aperture, upon movement of said'slide member into said cocked position; said element being responsive to said compressed lluid and suddenly movable independently of said slide member from said seated position into said rst chamber, said guide piece cooperating with said slide member second portion to effect movement of said element in a guided path, and safety means operable'by said cocking unit, only when the latter is in said rest position, to permit actuation of said trigger means and effect release of said slide member from its cocked position. Y

5. In a toy gun, an elongate barrel, vand apertured abutment disposed within said barrel and spaced rearwardly a .predetermined distance from the forward end to form an elongate chamber, a slide member disposed within said barrel rearwardly of said abutment and mounted for reciprocatory movement therein, said member being movable rearwardly relative to said barrel to a predetermined cocked position, an element disposed within said chamber and adapted upon movement of said slide member to said cocked position'to be seated within the aperture formed in said abutment, said element being movable independently of said slide member in a path from said seated position toward the forward end of said barrel upon forward movement of'said. slide member yfrom said cocked position, said element including ;a.

rearwardly `extending guide'piece projecting through said abutment aperture and terminating in a sliding connection with said slide member, trigger means mounted for releasable engagement with said slide member to selectively retain the latter in said cocked position, and threadably adjustable means for restricting the rearward movement of said slide member whereby the seating of said element within said aperture may be regulated.

6. In a toy gun, an elongated barrel, an abutment disposed within said barrel and spaced a predetermined distance from the rear end thereof, the portion of said barrel intermediate said 4rear end and said abutment being provided with an elongated longitudinally extending slot having an offset portion, a slide member mounted for reciprocatory movement wihin said barrel and having at least a portion thereof disposed within said slotted portion of the barrel, acocking unit mounted for reciprocatory movement within said slotted barrel portion and operable, when moved in a direction toward the rear end of said barrel from a. rest position adjacent said abutment, to move said slide member simultaneously therewith in the same direction until a segment of said slide member.reachesiaipredetermined cocked position within said slotted barrel portion, whereupon said unit is movable independently of said slide member in a forward direction to said rest position, trigger means mounted for releasable engagement with said slide member to selectively retain the latter in said cocked position, handle means carried by said cocking unit and projecting through said elongated barrel slot to effect actuation of said unit, an elongated substantially cylindrical sleeve disposed for rotating `movement about its axis within said slotted barrel portion and having a slot at least a portion of which is adapted to be substantially aligned with the slot in said barrel, said handle means being reciprocally movable within said thus aligned slots parallel to the axis of said barrel and being radially movable into the offset portion of the slot in said barrel to effect rotation of said sleeve and substantial closing of the slot in said barrel.

7. A toy gun comprising an elongated barrel, an abutment disposed within said barrel and spaced a predetermined distance from the rear end thereof, the portion of said barrel intermediate said rear end and said abutment being provided with an elongated longitudinally extending slot, a slide member mounted for reciprocatory movement within said barrel and having at least a portion thereof disposed within said slotted portion of said barrel, a cockingunit mounted for reciprocatory movement within said slotted barrel portion and operable, when moved in a direction vtoward `the rear end of said barrel from a rest position adjacent said abutment, to move said slide member simultaneously therewith in the same direction until a segment of said slide member reaches a predetermined cocked position within said slotted barrel portion, whereupon Vsaid unit is movable independently of said slide member in a forward direction to said rest position, trigger means mounted for releasable engagement with said slide member to retain the latter in said cocked position, handle means carried by said cocking unit and projecting through said elongated barrel slot to effect actuation of said unit, -said handle means being adapted to be rotated into the offset portion of said slot when said cocking unit is in said rest position, an elongated substantially cylindrical sleeve disposed within said slotted barrel portion and having anielongated slot within which said handle means may reciprocally move, said cocking unit adapted to slide axially within said sleeve, and said handle means when in the offset portion of said barrel slot being effective to substantially close the remainder of that slot and when in a position outside of the offset portion being effective to substantially align the slot in said sleeve with said barrel slot, whereby said handle means is reciprocally movable within said thus aligned slots,

1,196,235 Heyman et a1. Aug. 29, 1916 8. The toy gun recited in claim 2 wherein said second 1,660,581 abutment is positioned within said barrel to limit the 1,779,892 movement of said slide member in the forward direction, 1,886,561 A'thereby preventing the impact of engagement ofthe head- 2,548,984 piece of said slide member with said rst abutment. 2,605,569

,685,284 References Cited in the le of this patent 710607 UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,729,208

10 t Schmidt Feb. 28, 1928 Roe Oct. 28, 1930 Le Fever Nov. 8, 1932 Lennberg Apr. 17, 1951 Kronhaus et a1. Aug. 5, 1952 Neal Aug. 3', 1954 Heilman June 14, 1955 Gaeke Jan. 3. 1956

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