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US2752088A - Hermetically sealed radial compressor assembly - Google Patents

Hermetically sealed radial compressor assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US2752088A
US2752088A US288846A US28884652A US2752088A US 2752088 A US2752088 A US 2752088A US 288846 A US288846 A US 288846A US 28884652 A US28884652 A US 28884652A US 2752088 A US2752088 A US 2752088A
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United States
Prior art keywords
compressor
casing
chamber
oil
cylinder
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US288846A
Inventor
William F Borgerd
Calling John
Isaac M Wherry
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Whirlpool Corp
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Whirlpool Seeger Corp
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Priority to US288846A priority Critical patent/US2752088A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/04Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B27/053Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with an actuating element at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/04Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B27/0404Details, component parts specially adapted for such pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02Lubrication
    • F04B39/0223Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
    • F04B39/023Hermetic compressors
    • F04B39/0238Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels
    • F04B39/0246Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels in the rotating shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S417/00Pumps
    • Y10S417/902Hermetically sealed motor pump unit

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a compressor assembly and more particularly to a novel compressor particularly adapted for use with heat pumps and the like.
  • a general object of the invention is to devise a compact, light weight compressor assembly wherein the parts are arranged in a unitary structure for relatively easy assembly and disassembly.
  • Another general object of the invention is to devise a compressor encased Within a cylindrical housing and constituted of parts which are arranged to function conjunctively in an improved manner to provide a highly eflicient compressor assembly.
  • a principal object is to develop a high pressure container of simple, inexpensive and compact design and of relatively small diameter and featuring convex end caps secured in advantageous manner to opposite ends of the cylindrical body portion of the container.
  • a more specific object of the invention is to design a compressor incorporating a generally cylindrical housing hermetically closed at each end, the housing enclosing a compressor and driving motor therefor and the encased assembly having a close fit with the housing intermediate the top and bottom ends thereof and resting on a novel center support in guided engagement with a novel guide cup in the bottom closure end member or the housing or container.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide a novel organization of the various components such that the driving motor is at the upper end of the unit, the compressor unit or component is in the intermediate section of the container and the lubricating oil sump is at the bottom end of the container, the sump and the intermediate section being separated by a novel bafile plate arrangement provided with several minute apertures such as will permit an equalization of gas pressures in the intermediate and bottom sections of the container while at the same time preventing froth, which develops from the tendency of gases entrained in the oil to separate therefrom as during initiation of a starting cycle of the compressor, from expanding into the compressor chamber and being carried in the gas therein into the cylinders of the compressor. 7
  • a still further object is to dispose the discharge manifold of the compressor within the oil sump for efficient heat transfer thereto, the oil sump, in turn, transferring the heat into the walls of the container which are encased at the intermediate and bottom sections of the container within a preferably copper jacket adapted to have water passed therethrough between the same and the external side of the container encasing the motor and compressor 2,752,088 Patented June 26, 1956 unit.
  • Such a novel disposition of parts obtains an eflicient heat transfer from desired areas and precludes a deleterious rise in temperature of the upper section of the container whereat the electric drive motor is disposed.
  • Another object is to provide in the organization last described a discharge manifold of generally circular construction whereby the discharging gases from each cylinder are afforded two paths of discharge and substantially equalized heat dissipation is obtained.
  • a further object of the invention is to devise a novel compressor assembly featuring a unitary one-piece crank case which afiords good thermal characteristics and incorporates a novel distribution of the cylinders arranged along a spiral line developed about the longitudinal axis of the crank case, the arrangement effecting simplification as well as distribution and equalization of thermal stresses about the entire crank case whereby to effect commensurate heat distribution in the housing counterpart.
  • Another object is to arrange the parts in such manner Within the housing so as to divide the housing into a relatively low pressure chamber at the upper end of the housing whereat the driving motor is disposed, the lower end of the low pressure chamber being terminated by a bulkhead member which fits complementally into the housing in relatively tight confinement therewith and providing a bearing mounting for the crank shaft of the compressor, the bulkhead being apertured to provide passages for the gas into a compressor chamber comprising a relatively large area intake manifold defined between the crank case of the compressor and the external housing, the large area of the intake manifold and its separation from the rotating motor parts being conducive to slow down the gases whereby facilitating separation of the oil particles from the gas by deposition upon the extensive surfaces of the housing and the crank case to obviate carrying the oil particles into the cylinders.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide in the organization last described a terminus for the lower end of the intake manifold chamber, said terminus being in the form of a bafile plate secured to the bottom end of the crank case and sealed about its outer periphery with the housing to prevent leakage of oil froth therebetween, the bafile plate being provided with few relatively small apertures affording communication between the intake chamber and the oil sump chamber therebelow to obtain equalization of pressures while at the same time resisting the passage of oil froth from the sump into the intake chamber.
  • a still further object is to provide a novel lubrication system for the compressor component, said system incorporating a pressure pump discharging through a passageway in the crank shaft, the passageway having a series of openings aligned with the bearings of the connecting rods, the openings being arranged to register with squirt holes in these hearings and the squirt holes being selectively disposed to spray the lubricant into the adjacent piston and cylinder assembly therebelow.
  • the system of lubrication further involves depositing the lubricant on the underside of the upper counter-weight member of the crank shaft, the counter-weight functioning in the nature of a slinger phased to throw the oil principally into the uppermost piston and cylinder and to a lesser degree to splash the lubricant over the upper extent or part of the crank case in order to more generally equalize thermal characteristics and thus minimize the development of Figure, 2, is a. transverse sectional. view. takenaubstm; tially on the line 22 of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the crank case
  • Figure 4 isa bot-tomview-of' the crank case
  • Figure 5 is-a side elevational' view partly irr. verticaLsection. of the oil: sump. baflle plate and: discharge manifold assembly;
  • Figure 6 is a topplan view of the bulkhead member and bearing. cage separating the low pressure chamber from the compressor unit;
  • Figure 7 is a side'elevational view of the connecting rod of the uppermost piston assembly
  • Figure 8 is an edge view of the rod shown in- Figure 7 partly broken away to illustrate the oil passages
  • Figure 9 is aside el'evational view partially in axial section-ofthe crankshaft.
  • Figure-'10 is a sectional viewof a' piston and cylinder assembly.
  • the pump unit generally designated 2 comprises acylindrical or tubular housing or casing 4 closed at its ends by top and'bottom caps or end members 6 and 8, the end member 6 being.
  • the upper endcap 6 supports a terminal assembly 14 connected-througha series of leads 16-16 to the usual control-unit (not shown).
  • the terminals 14 have their inner ends extendedinto the'upper-extremity of the casing 4; beneath the cap 6 and are-connected through a series of leads 2@-20toa stator coil-or fields 22 of a stator'23 which is arranged; in an annular fashion within. the low pressure compartment'or motor chamber 24 at' the upper end of the casing 4'.
  • the outside. diameter of the stator 23' substantially approximates theinside diameter, of the casing 4 so as to affordan easy fit therewithin.
  • the stator 23 is supported at'its lower end upon an inturned flange 25' at the upper end .of a combination bulkhead member and'bearing cage or partition generally indicated 26;
  • the flange is secured at. spaced points as by. weldingto the lower ends of a series of studbolts 27 which.pass through notches or apertures in the stator laminations, the upper ends ofithe stub bolts 27. being provided with nuts 28 for securing the stator laminations against the flange. 25.
  • the stator 23f is a circular or annular structure and cooperates with a rotor 291 disposed therewithin, ,the. rotor being suitably keyed tollienpper. endof, acrankshaft. 30 for driving the same.
  • the shaft 30' is journaled at the lower end;of.'.the.rotor in a bearing 3 1.enteredinto. the upper endlof; a support tube. 32 which .atits lower. end is ,integraLwith the center ofmember 26. and at'its lower end withthe plurality of gussets 34-34. More specifically, the tube 32. adjacent to its lower end, mergesintoan integral generallycircular bulkhead plate 3.6..which, on its top side, merges with the before mentioned. gussets- 34.-34. The.
  • radial plate 36 is joined atits outer periphery withthe lower edge of an annulus 37, which, at its upper edge, mergeswith the before-mentioned inturnedannular flange 25;
  • Theexternal side of the annulus 37 is preferablyslightly frustoconicalas at 38 and has a snug complementary fit at'the bearingv area 39 with the interior of .the casing;4,-int ermediate. thetop and bottomiendsithereoft
  • Theplate fifi partitionsor forms the lower terminuspflthe lowpres; sure chamber 24 and is provided with-a series of vertical apertures 39 -39 along the inner margin of the annulus-37. to afford gas passages from the low-pressure. chamber. 24
  • the casing 41 comprises agenerally cylindrical body '4 portion 42.v provided with an integral outturnedflange 43 at its upper end secured asby stud assemblies 44 to the underside of the plate 36 of the bulkhead member at the step down or depressed portion 45 thereof.
  • step down portion 45 of the bulkhead plate 36 is adapted t'o permit complete gravitational' drainage of oil which collects on the surfaces thereabove on the stator and. the casing walls and particularly asthe oil iscentrifugally separated whenthe gases, which are drawn from an intake tube-46 connectedto the upper cap member. 6Iii1to the low. pressurechamber 2'4, are passed through openings 4747in the rotor.
  • the crank case 41 is provided with five outstanding uniformlyspaced cylinder holders designated'49',.50, 51, 52, and 53, theseholders 49 througluSS- being arranged in a spiral about the longitudinal axis of the crank case 41 with the holder 49 disposed at the uppermost end of the casing and'the holder 53 at the lowermost. extremity thereof.
  • This arrangement and disposition of the cooperating parts obtains agood running balance so that the unit'may be rigidly mounted within the container.
  • Eachholder includes-a ringfiange 54 which receives a cylinder sleeve assembly generally designated SStherein.
  • Each cylinder sleeve assembly 55 includes a cylindrical sleeve member 56 with a manifold ring 57 Figure 10 aboutitsouter extremity, the ring 57 being of a larger diameter thanthe sleeve 56 and complementally fitting within therelated ringflange 54 as at 58 and at its inner. edge seating as as as 59 againsta shoulder 66 of the related flange 54.
  • Theintake manifold 57 is preferably formed as a-separate piece and at its inner edge and internal side seats as at 61 and 62 respectively, snugly against the external shoulder 63 on the sleeve intermediate the ends thereof and against the external side of the related'sleeve 56 and-connected thereto preferably'as by brazing.
  • Each manifold-ring 57 comprises a plurality of radial openings 6464 therethrough, which, at their radially outer extremities, register with openings 6565 or pipes ( Figures 2 and 10) through the flange ring 54 within which the ring'57'is nested.
  • the radiallyinner extremities of Ithe. ports 6464 communicate with an annular groove 66 formed within the interior of the manifold ring 57, the groove 66 forming a gas passagewayv with an opposcdfrusto-conical surface 67 on the adjacent end of the-related sleeve 56, the surface. 67 tapering toward the outer extremity of the sleeve 56' and the outer.
  • edge of 'the groove 66 being formed with a rounded edge convexed toward the surface 67 and spaced slightly in a radial,direction therefrom to provide a relatively narrow annular passage area 68 completely circumscribing the outer extremity of the related cylinder sleeve 56 for communication with the bore 69 thereof within which .reciprocates a piston 70 which may be connected through a wristpin andcrosshead 71' to the outer end of'a counectingrodwhich may be journaled on a crank throw formingpart of the intermediate section of. the crank shaft 30-as hereinafter described. 7
  • connection.71 may beconventional or such as shown in. acopending application in the name ofJohn Calling-et al. entitled Connecting Rod and Piston Asserm blies, Serial No. l04, 526,-filed 'July'13, 1949, now Patent No. 2,694,607;
  • the valve arrangement permitting ga sxto be drawn from-the chamber 40'throughthe pipes or apertures. 65, 64 grooves 66, 68 and into the cylinder bore. 69 on the intake strokeof the piston and the discharge of the gas on thecompression'stroke'of the piston through the cylinder '5 Head Assembly issued October 14, 1952, to William F. Borgerd.
  • Each outlet port 76 may be connected to one end of a discharge means in the form of a pipe 77 as by threaded nipples 77
  • the pipe 77 of each cylinder head extends generally parallel to the casing 4 there alongside through an aperture 78 provided in the baffle disk or partition member 79.
  • Each pipe 76 preferably has a fluid tight connection with the plate 79 about the opening 78, the connection being in the form of silver brazing or a packing gland assembly.
  • the baflie plate 79 is generally circular and formed preferably of thin flexible sheet metal and has a central dished or depressed portion 80 disposed in cupped relationship with the lower end of the body portion 42 of the crank case.
  • the portion 80 seats on its top side against bottom end of the body portion 42 and is secured thereto as by a series of bolts 8l81.
  • the outer periphery of the baifle 79 is provided with a gasket 82 in sealing engagement with the internal side of the casing 4.
  • the baffle 79 defines the lower terminus of the chamber 40 and divides the same from the sump chamber 83 located at the lower end of the casing 4.
  • the plate 79 is provided with a series of relatively few small openings 8484 in the portion 80 thereof and affording communication between the chambers 40 and 83. The location of the openings 84 in the lowermost sections 80 of the plate 79 permits eflicient drainage of oils from the chamber 40 to the chamber 83.
  • the tubes 7777 of the respective cylinders depend below the plate 79 into the oil sump chamber 83 and at their lower ends are preferably silver brazed to the top wall of a discharge manifold annulus 85 which is inundated within the oil 86 within the sump 83.
  • the circular discharge manifold provides two paths for the gases discharging thereto.
  • the circular discharge manifold 85 has an outer diameter slightly lesser than the inside diameter of the casing 4 whereby the outer wall 86 thereof is positioned in close proximity to the adjacent portion of the casing 4 without actual physical contact. The close disposition of the wall 86 with respect to the barrel 4 affords a good heat transfer to the casing and especially through the thin film of oil in the space 88 between the wall 86 and the casing 4.
  • the annulus 85 is heated which effects a ready separation of the gases which may dissolve therein during the stopping cycle of the compressor.
  • the bottom wall 89 of the discharge manifold is connected to a communicating discharge pipe or conduit 90 which may have a connection with the usual condenser not shown.
  • a suitable seal means 91 of a removable nature may be provided between the pipe 90 and the bottom cap 8 through which the pipe passes.
  • the intermediate and lower portions of the casing 4 may be ensleeved by a jacket 92, which, at its upper end, may have a fluid tight fit with the casing as by a gasket 93, the jacket 92 being preferably formed of thin copper or other good conductible material and may be spaced from the enclosed portions of the container to provide a water chamber 94 for circulation of water therethrough by inlet and outlet pipes 95 and 96, the water in the chamber 94 serving to draw off excess heat.
  • the lower end of the cap 8 may be provided with mounting members 97-97 which may be connected to mounting studs 98-98 extending through jacket 92 and carrying resilient mounting and sealing blocks 9999 for mounting the unit on any suitable base or frame in conventional manner.
  • the lower end of the assembly or motor and compressor structure enclosed within the casing 4 may be carried from the bottom cap through an integral depending sleeve 100 of the crank case 41, the sleeve 100 surrounding the lower end portion 101 of crank shaft 30 and affording a journal therefor through a bearing 102.
  • the lower extremity of the tubular portion 100 is connected to a combination support and end thrust bearing member generally designated 103, said member 103 including a top relatively thick plate 104 provided with a plurality of cars connected as by bolts to mating ears 104 at the lower end of the tubular portion 100.
  • the plate 104 provides a smooth flat upper bearing surface 105 against which the lower end of the crank shaft portion 101 bears.
  • the underside of the plate 104 is pro vided with the central depending boss or support element 106 which at its lower end is formed with a downwardly tapering frusto-conical surface 107 fitting into a complementary surface 108 in a positioning cup or socket 109 depressed downwardly in the center of the bottom cap or end member 8.
  • the boss 106 and cup 109 form the bottom end support and positioning means for the entire assembly disposed within the casing 4 which is maintained centered within the casing by means of the flange 37 which engages at surface 39 with the casing 4 intermediate the ends thereof.
  • the lower end of the tubular portion 100 of the crank case as well as the member 103 are received within a cup shaped screen 110 which admits the boss 106 through the bottom thereof, the upper end of the screen being tightly fitted as by a rim member 111 to an enlarged upper end part of the tubular portion 100.
  • the screen 110 is adapted to filter the oil 86 which is adapted to pass through the screen into a pump generally designated 112, the pump including an inlet port 113 through the plate 104, the lower end of the port 113 being open through the lower end of the plate 104 and communicating with the oil sump 83 and at its upper end being open to a pump chamber 114 comprising a bore in the lower extremity of the tubular portion 100 and arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the lower end portion 101 of the crank shaft 30.
  • the chamber 114 is preferably filled by a gravity feed of the oil 86 from the sump 83 through the port 113.
  • the oil is pumped under pressure by means of a vane or blade 115 which is slidably fitted within a complementary transverse slot 116 in the lower end of the crank shaft portion 101, the slot being disposed slightly oflf center with respect to the axis of rotation of the portion 101.
  • the vane 115 extends at its ends beyond the periphery of the portion 101 and co-operates with the circumscribing surface of the chamber 114 and operating in a wiping fashion over the thrust bearing surface 105 over the intake opening 113 and progressively sweeping the fluid under pressure in the chamber 114 into the outlet passage or port 117 extending downwardly from surface 105 into plate 104.
  • the passage 117 communicates at its upper end with the chamber 114 and at its lower end with a duct 11% which leads to a center passage 119 which at its upper end extends through the top surface 105 of the plate 104 and registers with a main oil passageway 120 bored lengthwise through the crank shaft 30 and extending to a point adjacent to the upper end thereof above bearing 31.
  • the passageway 118 also communicates with a relief valve 121 which in open position uncloses a by-pass passageway 122 in a plate 104 which discharges into the oil sump.
  • the operation of the pump may be somewhat similar to that shown in U. S. Patent 2,130,862.
  • the crank shaft is provided with branch passageways communicating with the passageway 120 and the bearings 102 and 31 and also a bearing 123 fitted within a portion 124 of the upper tubular support cage 32, the portion 124 extending below the wall 36 immediately above the crank throw 125 of the crank shaft.
  • the crank shaft is provided with upper and lower counter-weights 126 and 127, the counter-weight 127 being removably secured to the crank throw 125 as by a U-strap 128.
  • a series of five connecting rods 129, 130, 131, 132, and 133, Figure 2 are stacked one above the other, in the order named, on the crank throw 125, the lowermost connecting rod 129 bearing on its bottom side against greenesthe-top side; of flierloWer'counter-weight'127i
  • the uppermost connecting rod 133 faces at itslupper edgeagainst the under side 1341 of the'throwcounter-wei'ght 1-26".
  • the crank throw portion 125 is provided" with branch ports 135 aligned longitudinally of the crank shaft and open through th'e'periphery of the throw portion inalignment with integralone-piece'bearing portions 136 of respective connecting" rods 129through 133.
  • the ports 135 comrnunicate' with the central passageway 120'and areadapted to: conduct oil to respective bearings.
  • each of the connecting rods 129 through 133 aresubstantially identical and comprise the before mentioned integral circular crank shaft" bearingportion 136 integrally united with one endof the related connecting rod which at its other endis' conne'ctedto' an integral wrist pin bearing portion I'38connectedin'the"usual'manner' at 71 ( Figure l()) with the related piston assembly 70 as heretofore" mentioned; It willlbe seen that each bearing 136 isprovi ed with a squirt hole 139adapted" to register with the associated portliaSfor squirtingth'e oil in the.
  • the squirt holes 139 are'preferabl'ylocated approximately 63 from the longitudinal center of the rod as indicated at X-X in Figure 7 and that in view'of' the disposition of the cylinders ina spiral, the'squirt hole 139 of each connecting rod is arranged to'squirt a stream of lubricant into or in the approximate area of the piston and'cylinder assembly therebelow.
  • this distributionof the oil oventh'e'entire extent of the interior of the casing thermal characteristics are substantially uniformly distributed about theinterior of thecasin'g.
  • the uppermosttconnecting rod'133 is substantially identical with the other connecting rods with one exception; and thatis thatthe bearing" thereof is provided with an axial passageway 146 which extends from approximately'the" center of the'bearing through the upper edge thereof ando'pens to the underside 134 of the upper counter-weight 126'.
  • the upper closure means 26 isfldis connected and liftedofif-the upper end of thecrankshaft.
  • the crankshaft is rotated to place'the lowefcoun'terweight circumferentially away from the-lowermostcylinderi
  • the lower counterweight is then disconnected and may be movedytransversely of the crankshaft in a direction to disconnect its dowel pm therefrom.
  • the disconnection of the lower counterweight may be facilitated by first removing the lowermost cylinder sleeve. This movement of the lower counterweight is permitted in View of the arrangement of the cylinders.
  • a casing having closed upper and lower: ends, a motor and compressor structure therewithin and comprising a motor component at its upper end, a compressor component intermediate its ends, said structure bearingat its lower end upon' the bottom closed end of the casing, an" apertured bulkhead between said components dividing said casing'into upper and intermediate chambers, said upper chamber containing said motor component and said intermediate chamber containing said compre'ssor component and afiordingan intake manifiold therefor, said structure further including a baffle disposed beneath said compressor component and in'fiuid tight" engagement with said casing, and defining the lower end of the intermediate chamber, a sumpcharnber containing lubricating oil at the lower end of the casing beneath'the'baflle, saidbaffle provided with a few small apertures suflicient to permit gas to pass between said sump chamber and the intermediate chamber but effective to prevent oilfroth, developed by dissolved gas separating from the oil under predetermined
  • a housing having closed upper and lower ends, a motor'and com pressor structure'encased within the housing, said structure-'includinga bulkhead and'a baffle spaced therefrom', and in tight engagementwith said housing, and dividing said 'housing'into three axially spaced chambers, a' compressor component of said structure located in the intermediate chamber, a lubricating'fluid in the bottom' 6118.111 ber, and a motor componentof the'structure inthe' upper chamber; saidbulkhead and baffle having apertures there through accommodating communication between said chambers for gas contained in said housing; a ga's'inlet for the 'upper chamber, said compressor having an intake charging from said intermediate chamber, discharge means for the compressor extending therefrom downwardly through'the battle in fluid tight ass'ociationtherewith" and including a discharge manifold in the lower chamber'inundated' in the lubricating fluid, and outlet means connected to" said" discharge manifold, said
  • an upright hermetically sealed housing a structure including motor and compressor components mounted therein, means delivering gas to the upper end of the housing, a bafiie constituting part of said structure and disposed beneath the compressor component of the structure, and in tight engagement with the interior of the housing, an oil sump chamber in the housing below the baflle and containing lubricating oil, gas inlet means associated with the upper extremity of the housing, said batfie being apertured to permit gas passage therethrough into the oil in the sump chamber, said compressor component having intake means adapted to draw surrounding gas into the compressor, the apertures in said bafiie being relatively small and few and adapted to accommodate passage of gas from the sump upwardly therethrough and to prevent oil froth developed by gas evaporating out of solution with the oil, from unrestrictively expanding into the area about the compressor component.
  • an upright casing having closed ends, a structure therein comprising a motor component and a compressor component therebelow, means expansibly mounting said structure within the casing, a bafiie constituting part of said structure disposed beneath the compressor component and in sealed movable engagement about its periphery with the interior of the container, an oil sump at the bottom of the container below said bafile, said compressor component having intake means communicating with the interior of the container above the bafiie, discharge means for the compressor component extending below said baflie into the oil sump and including an endless discharge manifold positioned with its outer periphery in close proximity to the interior of the adjacent portion of said casing, oil in said sump inundating said manifold and filling the space between said outer periphery of the manifold and adjacent portion of the casing and providing a heat transfer media between the manifold and the casing, and a water jacket surrounding said casing at least in the area of said adjacent portion thereof.
  • a closed casing a structure including a compressor component and motor means therefore expansibly mounted within the casing, said compressor component including a crankcase with a plurality of cylinders, piston assemblies operative within the cylinders, crankshaft means journaled to the crankcase and connected to the motor means and said piston assemblies, each cylinder including an intake manifold circumscribing the same completely thereabout and communicating with the interior of the casing at its inlet and providing an outlet to the associated cylinder extending completely around the inlet end thereof whereby effecting simultaneous substantially uniform distribution of gas across the entire radial extent of the cylinder whereby eflfecting a substantially uniform thermal condition about the cylinder, said cylinders arranged in a spiral generated about the longitudinal axis of the crankcase and spaced substantially uniformly thereabout to obtain generally equalized thermal characteristics during operation of the piston assemblies therein.
  • a compressor apparatus comprising a pair of apertured members spaced longitudinally of the casing and in peripheral tight engagement therewith and defining a relatively quiescent gas chamber therebetween circumscribing said crankcase and communicating with the intake of said cylinder manifolds, said chamber conducive to separation of the gas from oils and the like whereby reducing localized thermal high 76 10 stress conditions developing from nonuniform gas constituency entering said cylinders.
  • an upright hermetically sealed casing having an upper motor chamber, an intermediate compressor chamber, and a lower lubricant sump chamber, individual partitions between the chambers apertured to provide communication for gas between said chambers, the apertures in the partition being formed and arranged to resist flow of oil froth from the sump chamber to the compressor chamber, a compressor including a one-piece crankcase in the compressor chamber connected to the partition thereabove and having a portion extending through the partition therebelow into said oil sump chamber, oil in the sump chamber inundating said portion of the casing and affording a thermal connection therewith, a crankshaft journaled on said crankcase, cylinders on the crankcase, piston assemblies in the cylinders operatively connected to the crankshaft, and means associated with the crankshaft and including passages therein formed and arranged for discharging oil over substantially the entire interior of the crankcase to substantially equalize the thermal conditions thereabout.
  • a compressor including an integral crankcase open at one end and closed at its other end and having a central outwardly projecting tubular extension on the closed end; a crankshaft having coaxial first and second end portions and an intermediate transaxially ofifset crank throw portion and arm portions interconnecting each end of the throw portion with the related end portion; a series of cylinders carried by the crankcase and arranged in a spiral progression oriented about the longitudinal axis of the casing and extending from one end of the casing to the other; said first end portion journaled within said tubular extension; a counterweight removably connected to the throw portion at the end thereof adjacent said first end portion; a piston in each cylinder; a connecting rod operatively connected to each piston and having an integral one-piece annular bearing portion sleeved over the crank throw portion; said crank throw portion being formed and arranged and the arm portion interconnecting the throw portion with said first end portion being disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to the throw portion and said
  • a compressor according to claim 8 and comprising a closure member journaling the second end portion of the crankshaft and removably connected to the crankcase across said open end thereof.
  • a piston and cylinder arrangement a crankshaft operatively connected with the piston, means for delivering lubricant through a passage in crankshaft to the connection between the crankshaft and the piston, a counterweight on the crankshaft, a passage adapted to register intermittently with the passage in the crankshaft and open to one side of the counterweight for directing an oil deposit thereon at an area thereof phased to sling the major portion of the deposit into the cylinder pursuant to rotation of the counterweight with the crankshaft.
  • a cylinder structure comprising a cylindrical member, an annular intake manifold thereabout, said cylindrical member having a portion with a frusto-conical surface tapering in the direction toward the intake and of the cylinder within said manifold, and said manifold having an annular groove therein facing said surface, the groove face curving toward said surface in said directionand previzfing' said suffice a relatively narrow slot canine-rely the inlet 'eiid df said cylinder member.
  • a compressor having a' crank-case witha plurality of piston and cylindei components, a driven crankshaft journaled' fronii' the crankcase and operatively connected to the pistons bf said-cernponents, separate discharge means for each cdr'ii ponent, a cemmo'n annularly arranged endless manifold 12 id cfififidfiii'ts ⁇ eacli 'df said "sesa e edly cdnn cted in a ccntinnbnsly dfierable gas conducting felations if?
  • a cylinder structure comprising a cylindrical member having a cylinder intake end, a manifold member having an annular g'rbbve'the'rein; said manifold'member bein disposed sc'that the annular grbove' thefeincooperates with said cylindrical mnifie'r' adjbininghtheintake end thereof to 'previde' an unobstructed andendless'intake manifold completely encircling the periphery-0f "said cylindrical member, 'said manifold member havinga portion thereof adjoining the gibdve therein that is spaced from said cylindrical member td prvide an unobstructed anniila'r slot-like passage com pletely circumscribing the intakeend of said cylindrical memberand-interconnecting said mani-fdld With the intake end' of the cylinderwhereby gases are passed from the interior-'0'? saidmanif'old to the cylinder;

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Description

June 6, 1956 w. F. BORGERD ET AL 2,752,088
HERMETICALLY SEALED RADIAL COMPRESSOR ASSEMBLY Filed May 20, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 P Jm 01L will $3 aw Filed May 20, 1952 W. F. BORGERD ET AL June 26, 1956 HERMETICALLY SEALED RADIAL COMPRESSOR ASSEMBLY 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 50 J33 91 2 85 8:! I k m 7.9 n"
l CH1] June 26, 1956 w. F. BORGERD ET A1. 2,752,088
HERMETICALLY SEALED RADIAL COMPRESSOR ASSEMBLY Filed May 20, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 United States Patent HERMETICALLY SEALED RADIAL COMPRESSOR ASSEMBLY William F. Borgerd, John Calling, and Isaac M. Wherry, Evansville, Ind., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Whirlpool-Seeger Corporation, a corporation of Delaware Application May 20, 1952, Serial No. 288,846
17 Claims. (Cl. 230-58) This invention relates to a compressor assembly and more particularly to a novel compressor particularly adapted for use with heat pumps and the like.
A general object of the invention is to devise a compact, light weight compressor assembly wherein the parts are arranged in a unitary structure for relatively easy assembly and disassembly.
Another general object of the invention is to devise a compressor encased Within a cylindrical housing and constituted of parts which are arranged to function conjunctively in an improved manner to provide a highly eflicient compressor assembly.
A principal object is to develop a high pressure container of simple, inexpensive and compact design and of relatively small diameter and featuring convex end caps secured in advantageous manner to opposite ends of the cylindrical body portion of the container.
A more specific object of the invention is to design a compressor incorporating a generally cylindrical housing hermetically closed at each end, the housing enclosing a compressor and driving motor therefor and the encased assembly having a close fit with the housing intermediate the top and bottom ends thereof and resting on a novel center support in guided engagement with a novel guide cup in the bottom closure end member or the housing or container. These two areas of engagement between the housing and the compressor assembly accommodate ready insertion and withdrawal of the assembly with respect to the housing and further the limited areas of engagement obtain a snug fit between the parts, and the slip mounting of the assembly within the container accommodates expansion and contraction of the compressor and motor unit without wedging the parts together so that they may not be readily separated.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a novel organization of the various components such that the driving motor is at the upper end of the unit, the compressor unit or component is in the intermediate section of the container and the lubricating oil sump is at the bottom end of the container, the sump and the intermediate section being separated by a novel bafile plate arrangement provided with several minute apertures such as will permit an equalization of gas pressures in the intermediate and bottom sections of the container while at the same time preventing froth, which develops from the tendency of gases entrained in the oil to separate therefrom as during initiation of a starting cycle of the compressor, from expanding into the compressor chamber and being carried in the gas therein into the cylinders of the compressor. 7
A still further object is to dispose the discharge manifold of the compressor within the oil sump for efficient heat transfer thereto, the oil sump, in turn, transferring the heat into the walls of the container which are encased at the intermediate and bottom sections of the container within a preferably copper jacket adapted to have water passed therethrough between the same and the external side of the container encasing the motor and compressor 2,752,088 Patented June 26, 1956 unit. Such a novel disposition of parts obtains an eflicient heat transfer from desired areas and precludes a deleterious rise in temperature of the upper section of the container whereat the electric drive motor is disposed.
Another object is to provide in the organization last described a discharge manifold of generally circular construction whereby the discharging gases from each cylinder are afforded two paths of discharge and substantially equalized heat dissipation is obtained.
A further object of the invention is to devise a novel compressor assembly featuring a unitary one-piece crank case which afiords good thermal characteristics and incorporates a novel distribution of the cylinders arranged along a spiral line developed about the longitudinal axis of the crank case, the arrangement effecting simplification as well as distribution and equalization of thermal stresses about the entire crank case whereby to effect commensurate heat distribution in the housing counterpart.
Another object is to arrange the parts in such manner Within the housing so as to divide the housing into a relatively low pressure chamber at the upper end of the housing whereat the driving motor is disposed, the lower end of the low pressure chamber being terminated by a bulkhead member which fits complementally into the housing in relatively tight confinement therewith and providing a bearing mounting for the crank shaft of the compressor, the bulkhead being apertured to provide passages for the gas into a compressor chamber comprising a relatively large area intake manifold defined between the crank case of the compressor and the external housing, the large area of the intake manifold and its separation from the rotating motor parts being conducive to slow down the gases whereby facilitating separation of the oil particles from the gas by deposition upon the extensive surfaces of the housing and the crank case to obviate carrying the oil particles into the cylinders.
A still further object of the invention is to provide in the organization last described a terminus for the lower end of the intake manifold chamber, said terminus being in the form of a bafile plate secured to the bottom end of the crank case and sealed about its outer periphery with the housing to prevent leakage of oil froth therebetween, the bafile plate being provided with few relatively small apertures affording communication between the intake chamber and the oil sump chamber therebelow to obtain equalization of pressures while at the same time resisting the passage of oil froth from the sump into the intake chamber.
A still further object is to provide a novel lubrication system for the compressor component, said system incorporating a pressure pump discharging through a passageway in the crank shaft, the passageway having a series of openings aligned with the bearings of the connecting rods, the openings being arranged to register with squirt holes in these hearings and the squirt holes being selectively disposed to spray the lubricant into the adjacent piston and cylinder assembly therebelow. The system of lubrication further involves depositing the lubricant on the underside of the upper counter-weight member of the crank shaft, the counter-weight functioning in the nature of a slinger phased to throw the oil principally into the uppermost piston and cylinder and to a lesser degree to splash the lubricant over the upper extent or part of the crank case in order to more generally equalize thermal characteristics and thus minimize the development of Figure, 2, is a. transverse sectional. view. takenaubstm; tially on the line 22 of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the crank case;
Figure 4 isa bot-tomview-of' the crank case;-
Figure 5 is-a side elevational' view partly irr. verticaLsection. of the oil: sump. baflle plate and: discharge manifold assembly;
Figure 6 is a topplan view of the bulkhead member and bearing. cage separating the low pressure chamber from the compressor unit;
Figure 7'is a side'elevational view of the connecting rod of the uppermost piston assembly;
Figure 8 is an edge view of the rod shown in-Figure 7 partly broken away to illustrate the oil passages;
Figure 9 is aside el'evational view partially in axial section-ofthe crankshaft; and;
Figure-'10 is a sectional viewof a' piston and cylinder assembly.
Describing'the invention indetail the pump unit generally designated 2 comprises acylindrical or tubular housing or casing 4 closed at its ends by top and'bottom caps or end members 6 and 8, the end member 6 being.
weld-connected about its periphery'to theupper edge of the housing as at 10, and the bottom-member being-weldconnected-about its periphery to-the bottom edge of the housing as-at 12.
The upper endcap 6 supports a terminal assembly 14 connected-througha series of leads 16-16 to the usual control-unit (not shown). The terminals 14 have their inner ends extendedinto the'upper-extremity of the casing 4; beneath the cap 6 and are-connected through a series of leads 2@-20toa stator coil-or fields 22 of a stator'23 which is arranged; in an annular fashion within. the low pressure compartment'or motor chamber 24 at' the upper end of the casing 4'.
The outside. diameter of the stator 23' substantially approximates theinside diameter, of the casing 4 so as to affordan easy fit therewithin. The stator 23 is supported at'its lower end upon an inturned flange 25' at the upper end .of a combination bulkhead member and'bearing cage or partition generally indicated 26; The flange is secured at. spaced points as by. weldingto the lower ends of a series of studbolts 27 which.pass through notches or apertures in the stator laminations, the upper ends ofithe stub bolts 27. being provided with nuts 28 for securing the stator laminations against the flange. 25.
The stator 23fis a circular or annular structure and cooperates witha rotor 291 disposed therewithin, ,the. rotor being suitably keyed tollienpper. endof, acrankshaft. 30 for driving the same.
The shaft 30' is journaled at the lower end;of.'.the.rotor in a bearing 3 1.enteredinto. the upper endlof; a support tube. 32 which .atits lower. end is ,integraLwith the center ofmember 26. and at'its lower end withthe plurality of gussets 34-34. More specifically, the tube 32. adjacent to its lower end, mergesintoan integral generallycircular bulkhead plate 3.6..which, on its top side, merges with the before mentioned. gussets- 34.-34. The. radial plate 36 is joined atits outer periphery withthe lower edge of an annulus 37, which, at its upper edge, mergeswith the before-mentioned inturnedannular flange 25; Theexternal side of the annulus 37 is preferablyslightly frustoconicalas at 38 and has a snug complementary fit at'the bearingv area 39 with the interior of .the casing;4,-int ermediate. thetop and bottomiendsithereoft Theplate fifi partitionsor forms the lower terminuspflthe lowpres; sure chamber 24 and is provided with-a series of vertical apertures 39 -39 along the inner margin of the annulus-37. to afford gas passages from the low-pressure. chamber. 24
. to an intakemanifold or. compressor chamber40 disposed below the plate 36 and defined between the externalside of'crank case 41 of the compressor or component.and the interior of the opposed intermediate. SectiQnAZa-of the cylinder 4. i
The casing 41 comprises agenerally cylindrical body '4 portion 42.v provided with an integral outturnedflange 43 at its upper end secured asby stud assemblies 44 to the underside of the plate 36 of the bulkhead member at the step down or depressed portion 45 thereof.
It will be appreciated thatthe step down portion 45 of the bulkhead plate 36 is adapted t'o permit complete gravitational' drainage of oil which collects on the surfaces thereabove on the stator and. the casing walls and particularly asthe oil iscentrifugally separated whenthe gases, which are drawn from an intake tube-46 connectedto the upper cap member. 6Iii1to the low. pressurechamber 2'4, are passed through openings 4747in the rotor.
The crank case 41 is provided with five outstanding uniformlyspaced cylinder holders designated'49',.50, 51, 52, and 53, theseholders 49 througluSS- being arranged in a spiral about the longitudinal axis of the crank case 41 with the holder 49 disposed at the uppermost end of the casing and'the holder 53 at the lowermost. extremity thereof. This arrangement and disposition of the cooperating parts obtains agood running balance so that the unit'may be rigidly mounted within the container.
Eachholder includes-a ringfiange 54 which receives a cylinder sleeve assembly generally designated SStherein. Each cylinder sleeve assembly 55 includes a cylindrical sleeve member 56 with a manifold ring 57 Figure 10 aboutitsouter extremity, the ring 57 being of a larger diameter thanthe sleeve 56 and complementally fitting within therelated ringflange 54 as at 58 and at its inner. edge seating as as 59 againsta shoulder 66 of the related flange 54. Theintake manifold 57 is preferably formed as a-separate piece and at its inner edge and internal side seats as at 61 and 62 respectively, snugly against the external shoulder 63 on the sleeve intermediate the ends thereof and against the external side of the related'sleeve 56 and-connected thereto preferably'as by brazing.
Each manifold-ring 57 comprises a plurality of radial openings 6464 therethrough, which, at their radially outer extremities, register with openings 6565 or pipes (Figures 2 and 10) through the flange ring 54 within which the ring'57'is nested. The radiallyinner extremities of Ithe. ports 6464 communicate with an annular groove 66 formed within the interior of the manifold ring 57, the groove 66 forming a gas passagewayv with an opposcdfrusto-conical surface 67 on the adjacent end of the-related sleeve 56, the surface. 67 tapering toward the outer extremity of the sleeve 56' and the outer. edge of 'the groove 66 being formed with a rounded edge convexed toward the surface 67 and spaced slightly in a radial,direction therefrom to providea relatively narrow annular passage area 68 completely circumscribing the outer extremity of the related cylinder sleeve 56 for communication with the bore 69 thereof within which .reciprocates a piston 70 which may be connected through a wristpin andcrosshead 71' to the outer end of'a counectingrodwhich may be journaled on a crank throw formingpart of the intermediate section of. the crank shaft 30-as hereinafter described. 7
The. connection.71 may beconventional or such as shown in. acopending application in the name ofJohn Calling-et al. entitled Connecting Rod and Piston Asserm blies, Serial No. l04, 526,-filed 'July'13, 1949, now Patent No. 2,694,607;
Each'cylinderqmay be capped-by a cylinder head 74 which may be secured to' the related" ring flange 54 as by studs orbolts-=7575.
The valve arrangement permitting ga sxto be drawn from-the chamber 40'throughthe pipes or apertures. 65, 64 grooves 66, 68 and into the cylinder bore. 69 on the intake strokeof the piston and the discharge of the gas on thecompression'stroke'of the piston through the cylinder '5 Head Assembly issued October 14, 1952, to William F. Borgerd.
Each outlet port 76 may be connected to one end of a discharge means in the form of a pipe 77 as by threaded nipples 77 The pipe 77 of each cylinder head extends generally parallel to the casing 4 there alongside through an aperture 78 provided in the baffle disk or partition member 79. Each pipe 76 preferably has a fluid tight connection with the plate 79 about the opening 78, the connection being in the form of silver brazing or a packing gland assembly.
The baflie plate 79 is generally circular and formed preferably of thin flexible sheet metal and has a central dished or depressed portion 80 disposed in cupped relationship with the lower end of the body portion 42 of the crank case. The portion 80 seats on its top side against bottom end of the body portion 42 and is secured thereto as by a series of bolts 8l81.
The outer periphery of the baifle 79 is provided with a gasket 82 in sealing engagement with the internal side of the casing 4. The baffle 79 defines the lower terminus of the chamber 40 and divides the same from the sump chamber 83 located at the lower end of the casing 4. The plate 79 is provided with a series of relatively few small openings 8484 in the portion 80 thereof and affording communication between the chambers 40 and 83. The location of the openings 84 in the lowermost sections 80 of the plate 79 permits eflicient drainage of oils from the chamber 40 to the chamber 83.
The tubes 7777 of the respective cylinders depend below the plate 79 into the oil sump chamber 83 and at their lower ends are preferably silver brazed to the top wall of a discharge manifold annulus 85 which is inundated within the oil 86 within the sump 83. The circular discharge manifold provides two paths for the gases discharging thereto. The circular discharge manifold 85 has an outer diameter slightly lesser than the inside diameter of the casing 4 whereby the outer wall 86 thereof is positioned in close proximity to the adjacent portion of the casing 4 without actual physical contact. The close disposition of the wall 86 with respect to the barrel 4 affords a good heat transfer to the casing and especially through the thin film of oil in the space 88 between the wall 86 and the casing 4. Furthermore, by disposing the annulus 85 within the oil 86, the oil is heated which effects a ready separation of the gases which may dissolve therein during the stopping cycle of the compressor. The bottom wall 89 of the discharge manifold is connected to a communicating discharge pipe or conduit 90 which may have a connection with the usual condenser not shown. A suitable seal means 91 of a removable nature may be provided between the pipe 90 and the bottom cap 8 through which the pipe passes.
The intermediate and lower portions of the casing 4 may be ensleeved by a jacket 92, which, at its upper end, may have a fluid tight fit with the casing as by a gasket 93, the jacket 92 being preferably formed of thin copper or other good conductible material and may be spaced from the enclosed portions of the container to provide a water chamber 94 for circulation of water therethrough by inlet and outlet pipes 95 and 96, the water in the chamber 94 serving to draw off excess heat.
The lower end of the cap 8 may be provided with mounting members 97-97 which may be connected to mounting studs 98-98 extending through jacket 92 and carrying resilient mounting and sealing blocks 9999 for mounting the unit on any suitable base or frame in conventional manner.
The lower end of the assembly or motor and compressor structure enclosed within the casing 4 may be carried from the bottom cap through an integral depending sleeve 100 of the crank case 41, the sleeve 100 surrounding the lower end portion 101 of crank shaft 30 and affording a journal therefor through a bearing 102.
The lower extremity of the tubular portion 100 is connected to a combination support and end thrust bearing member generally designated 103, said member 103 including a top relatively thick plate 104 provided with a plurality of cars connected as by bolts to mating ears 104 at the lower end of the tubular portion 100. The plate 104 provides a smooth flat upper bearing surface 105 against which the lower end of the crank shaft portion 101 bears. The underside of the plate 104 is pro vided with the central depending boss or support element 106 which at its lower end is formed with a downwardly tapering frusto-conical surface 107 fitting into a complementary surface 108 in a positioning cup or socket 109 depressed downwardly in the center of the bottom cap or end member 8. The boss 106 and cup 109 form the bottom end support and positioning means for the entire assembly disposed within the casing 4 which is maintained centered within the casing by means of the flange 37 which engages at surface 39 with the casing 4 intermediate the ends thereof.
The lower end of the tubular portion 100 of the crank case as well as the member 103 are received within a cup shaped screen 110 which admits the boss 106 through the bottom thereof, the upper end of the screen being tightly fitted as by a rim member 111 to an enlarged upper end part of the tubular portion 100. The screen 110 is adapted to filter the oil 86 which is adapted to pass through the screen into a pump generally designated 112, the pump including an inlet port 113 through the plate 104, the lower end of the port 113 being open through the lower end of the plate 104 and communicating with the oil sump 83 and at its upper end being open to a pump chamber 114 comprising a bore in the lower extremity of the tubular portion 100 and arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the lower end portion 101 of the crank shaft 30. The chamber 114 is preferably filled by a gravity feed of the oil 86 from the sump 83 through the port 113. The oil is pumped under pressure by means of a vane or blade 115 which is slidably fitted within a complementary transverse slot 116 in the lower end of the crank shaft portion 101, the slot being disposed slightly oflf center with respect to the axis of rotation of the portion 101. The vane 115 extends at its ends beyond the periphery of the portion 101 and co-operates with the circumscribing surface of the chamber 114 and operating in a wiping fashion over the thrust bearing surface 105 over the intake opening 113 and progressively sweeping the fluid under pressure in the chamber 114 into the outlet passage or port 117 extending downwardly from surface 105 into plate 104. The passage 117 communicates at its upper end with the chamber 114 and at its lower end with a duct 11% which leads to a center passage 119 which at its upper end extends through the top surface 105 of the plate 104 and registers with a main oil passageway 120 bored lengthwise through the crank shaft 30 and extending to a point adjacent to the upper end thereof above bearing 31. The passageway 118 also communicates with a relief valve 121 which in open position uncloses a by-pass passageway 122 in a plate 104 which discharges into the oil sump.
The operation of the pump may be somewhat similar to that shown in U. S. Patent 2,130,862. The crank shaft is provided with branch passageways communicating with the passageway 120 and the bearings 102 and 31 and also a bearing 123 fitted within a portion 124 of the upper tubular support cage 32, the portion 124 extending below the wall 36 immediately above the crank throw 125 of the crank shaft. The crank shaft is provided with upper and lower counter-weights 126 and 127, the counter-weight 127 being removably secured to the crank throw 125 as by a U-strap 128.
A series of five connecting rods 129, 130, 131, 132, and 133, Figure 2, are stacked one above the other, in the order named, on the crank throw 125, the lowermost connecting rod 129 bearing on its bottom side against greenesthe-top side; of flierloWer'counter-weight'127i The uppermost connecting rod 133 faces at itslupper edgeagainst the under side 1341 of the'throwcounter-wei'ght 1-26". The crank throw portion 125 is provided" with branch ports 135 aligned longitudinally of the crank shaft and open through th'e'periphery of the throw portion inalignment with integralone-piece'bearing portions 136 of respective connecting" rods 129through 133. The ports 135 comrnunicate' with the central passageway 120'and areadapted to: conduct oil to respective bearings.
Refe'arring now'toF-igures 7 and' 8, wherein the connecting rod 133' is. shown; it will be noted that each of the connecting rods 129 through 133 aresubstantially identical and comprise the before mentioned integral circular crank shaft" bearingportion 136 integrally united with one endof the related connecting rod which at its other endis' conne'ctedto' an integral wrist pin bearing portion I'38connectedin'the"usual'manner' at 71 (Figure l()) with the related piston assembly 70 as heretofore" mentioned; It willlbe seen that each bearing 136 isprovi ed with a squirt hole 139adapted" to register with the associated portliaSfor squirtingth'e oil in the. region of the adjacent piston cylinder -assembly. Itwillb'e noted that the squirt holes 139are'preferabl'ylocated approximately 63 from the longitudinal center of the rod as indicated at X-X in Figure 7 and that in view'of' the disposition of the cylinders ina spiral, the'squirt hole 139 of each connecting rod is arranged to'squirt a stream of lubricant into or in the approximate area of the piston and'cylinder assembly therebelow. In view'of this distributionof the oil oventh'e'entire extent of the interior of the casing thermal characteristics are substantially uniformly distributed about theinterior of thecasin'g.
The uppermosttconnecting rod'133 is substantially identical with the other connecting rods with one exception; and thatis thatthe bearing" thereof is provided with an axial passageway 146 which extends from approximately'the" center of the'bearing through the upper edge thereof ando'pens to the underside 134 of the upper counter-weight 126'.
It will b'e'seenfrom. aconsiderationof Figure 8 that the passageway'146 functionsito deliver theoil from the relatedpassagewaylSS upwardly against the underside ofithe'lowerportion 141 of the'upper counterWeightlZ to deposit-a squirt ofoil against'the under surface 134 ata time and: in a location whereatthe portion 141 will sling theoilinto theuppermost' piston and cylinder assembly for lubrication thereof; concomitantly some of the oil will be dispersed'alo'ng the upper "extremity of the casing 42 to afiord" a balanced thermal distribution as heretofore discussed; It will be seen that the lateral passage: 143 is spa'ced substantially 163 in a counter clockwise direction (Figure7) with respect'to the squirt hole 139:
It will be appreciated that the above described constructionprovidesa compactunit and that assembly proceeds byinsertirrg the unitary motor'a'nd compressor structure intothe casingi4 with the boss or lug support 106 entered intothe'socket 109'and'the' flange 37 fitted snugly along the area 39 The cap 6 is then sealedto the upper edge ofthe'casing 4'bywelding at 10. If desired, cap 6 may be-removably connected to casing 4. To disassemble; the Weld' at 10 is cut, the cap '-6 lifted off the upper'end of the casing'j4, and theentiremotor and compressor assembly merelyliftedout'of thecontainer 4. Thus a novel and simplearran'gement'is afforded. It will be; of course; understood that for'assemblyand disassembly the" heater 142" projected intothe oil sump" may be ,removably connected to the bottom cap. 8 and the jacket 92." However, the packinggland' assembly 91 about the discharge pipe 90 and engaging the bottom cap and "the jacket bottomwill, of course, be" loosened and upon assembly suitably tightened. V V
iItwillFbe-further notedthaflthemovel arrangementfof the cylindersiwhich are 'oriented'in aspirai "progression;
accommodates insertion and removal of the crankshaft endwise. To remove, the upper closure means 26 isfldis connected and liftedofif-the upper end of thecrankshaft. The crankshaft is rotated to place'the lowefcoun'terweight circumferentially away from the-lowermostcylinderi The lower counterweight is then disconnected and may be movedytransversely of the crankshaft in a direction to disconnect its dowel pm therefrom. The disconnection of the lower counterweightmay be facilitated by first removing the lowermost cylinder sleeve. This movement of the lower counterweight is permitted in View of the arrangement of the cylinders. The crankshaft is then merely pulled up and the lower arm portion 143 interconne'ctingthe throw which is slightly thicker' thali armportion-143, with the first endportion 101 of the crankshaft is worked through each bearing portion 136'. To assemble, the procedure is'obviously reversed; An alternate method comprises mounting the lower and upper counterweight upon theshaft with all connectingrods and pistonstherebetween and the'cylinder heads and sleeves removed from the crankcase. This subassembly is low ere'd and'properly'rotated toenter the portion 101 of the shaft" into the bearing 102 Then each sleeve is' inserted inplace over its respective piston and fastened with the associated cylinder head What is claimed is: V
1. In a device of the class described, a casing having closed upper and lower: ends, a motor and compressor structure therewithin and comprising a motor component at its upper end, a compressor component intermediate its ends, said structure bearingat its lower end upon' the bottom closed end of the casing, an" apertured bulkhead between said components dividing said casing'into upper and intermediate chambers, said upper chamber containing said motor component and said intermediate chamber containing said compre'ssor component and afiordingan intake manifiold therefor, said structure further including a baffle disposed beneath said compressor component and in'fiuid tight" engagement with said casing, and defining the lower end of the intermediate chamber, a sumpcharnber containing lubricating oil at the lower end of the casing beneath'the'baflle, saidbaffle provided with a few small apertures suflicient to permit gas to pass between said sump chamber and the intermediate chamber but effective to prevent oilfroth, developed by dissolved gas separating from the oil under predetermined conditions; from expanding into the intermediate chamber.
2; In a device of the character described, a housing having closed upper and lower ends, a motor'and com pressor structure'encased within the housing, said structure-'includinga bulkhead and'a baffle spaced therefrom', and in tight engagementwith said housing, and dividing said 'housing'into three axially spaced chambers, a' compressor component of said structure located in the intermediate chamber, a lubricating'fluid in the bottom' 6118.111 ber, and a motor componentof the'structure inthe' upper chamber; saidbulkhead and baffle having apertures there through accommodating communication between said chambers for gas contained in said housing; a ga's'inlet for the 'upper chamber, said compressor having an intake charging from said intermediate chamber, discharge means for the compressor extending therefrom downwardly through'the battle in fluid tight ass'ociationtherewith" and including a discharge manifold in the lower chamber'inundated' in the lubricating fluid, and outlet means connected to" said" discharge manifold, saiddis charge manifold adapted to conduct heat, developed'by compressed gases ported thereto, into 'the'fiuid'to evap'o rate 'gas' entrained in the fluid to reduce'frothing thereof and thereby substantially preclude entry of the fluid through thebafiie apertures into the intermediate chamber, vsaid motor component concomitantly efiective'to obtain turbulent gas movement" in the upperchamber" to centrifugallyseparateatomizedffluid particles from" the gas; and "said bulkheau adaptedtopass "the "gasthroi'igh its apertures into said intermediate chamber in a relatively slow moving calm flow whereby efiecting substantial settling of fluid remaining in the gas upon surrounding surfaces of the intermediate chamber, prior to the gas in the intermediate chamber being drawn into the intake of said compressor component.
3. In a device of the character described, an upright hermetically sealed housing, a structure including motor and compressor components mounted therein, means delivering gas to the upper end of the housing, a bafiie constituting part of said structure and disposed beneath the compressor component of the structure, and in tight engagement with the interior of the housing, an oil sump chamber in the housing below the baflle and containing lubricating oil, gas inlet means associated with the upper extremity of the housing, said batfie being apertured to permit gas passage therethrough into the oil in the sump chamber, said compressor component having intake means adapted to draw surrounding gas into the compressor, the apertures in said bafiie being relatively small and few and adapted to accommodate passage of gas from the sump upwardly therethrough and to prevent oil froth developed by gas evaporating out of solution with the oil, from unrestrictively expanding into the area about the compressor component.
4. In a pump unit, an upright casing having closed ends, a structure therein comprising a motor component and a compressor component therebelow, means expansibly mounting said structure within the casing, a bafiie constituting part of said structure disposed beneath the compressor component and in sealed movable engagement about its periphery with the interior of the container, an oil sump at the bottom of the container below said bafile, said compressor component having intake means communicating with the interior of the container above the bafiie, discharge means for the compressor component extending below said baflie into the oil sump and including an endless discharge manifold positioned with its outer periphery in close proximity to the interior of the adjacent portion of said casing, oil in said sump inundating said manifold and filling the space between said outer periphery of the manifold and adjacent portion of the casing and providing a heat transfer media between the manifold and the casing, and a water jacket surrounding said casing at least in the area of said adjacent portion thereof.
5. In a compressor apparatus, a closed casing, a structure including a compressor component and motor means therefore expansibly mounted within the casing, said compressor component including a crankcase with a plurality of cylinders, piston assemblies operative within the cylinders, crankshaft means journaled to the crankcase and connected to the motor means and said piston assemblies, each cylinder including an intake manifold circumscribing the same completely thereabout and communicating with the interior of the casing at its inlet and providing an outlet to the associated cylinder extending completely around the inlet end thereof whereby effecting simultaneous substantially uniform distribution of gas across the entire radial extent of the cylinder whereby eflfecting a substantially uniform thermal condition about the cylinder, said cylinders arranged in a spiral generated about the longitudinal axis of the crankcase and spaced substantially uniformly thereabout to obtain generally equalized thermal characteristics during operation of the piston assemblies therein.
6. A compressor apparatus according to claim 5, and comprising a pair of apertured members spaced longitudinally of the casing and in peripheral tight engagement therewith and defining a relatively quiescent gas chamber therebetween circumscribing said crankcase and communicating with the intake of said cylinder manifolds, said chamber conducive to separation of the gas from oils and the like whereby reducing localized thermal high 76 10 stress conditions developing from nonuniform gas constituency entering said cylinders.
7. In an apparatus of the class described, an upright hermetically sealed casing having an upper motor chamber, an intermediate compressor chamber, and a lower lubricant sump chamber, individual partitions between the chambers apertured to provide communication for gas between said chambers, the apertures in the partition being formed and arranged to resist flow of oil froth from the sump chamber to the compressor chamber, a compressor including a one-piece crankcase in the compressor chamber connected to the partition thereabove and having a portion extending through the partition therebelow into said oil sump chamber, oil in the sump chamber inundating said portion of the casing and affording a thermal connection therewith, a crankshaft journaled on said crankcase, cylinders on the crankcase, piston assemblies in the cylinders operatively connected to the crankshaft, and means associated with the crankshaft and including passages therein formed and arranged for discharging oil over substantially the entire interior of the crankcase to substantially equalize the thermal conditions thereabout.
8. In a compressor apparatus of the class described; a compressor including an integral crankcase open at one end and closed at its other end and having a central outwardly projecting tubular extension on the closed end; a crankshaft having coaxial first and second end portions and an intermediate transaxially ofifset crank throw portion and arm portions interconnecting each end of the throw portion with the related end portion; a series of cylinders carried by the crankcase and arranged in a spiral progression oriented about the longitudinal axis of the casing and extending from one end of the casing to the other; said first end portion journaled within said tubular extension; a counterweight removably connected to the throw portion at the end thereof adjacent said first end portion; a piston in each cylinder; a connecting rod operatively connected to each piston and having an integral one-piece annular bearing portion sleeved over the crank throw portion; said crank throw portion being formed and arranged and the arm portion interconnecting the throw portion with said first end portion being disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to the throw portion and said first end portion and upon disconnection of said counterweight when the counterweight is positioned in an area of the crankcase away from the cylinder next adjacent to said closed end whereby the counterweight is permitted movement transversely of the crankshaft, to accommodate endwise removal and insertion of said crankshaft with respect to said one-piece bearing portions of the connecting rods and said tubular extension of the crankcase.
9. A compressor according to claim 8, and comprising a closure member journaling the second end portion of the crankshaft and removably connected to the crankcase across said open end thereof.
10. In a compressor of the class described, a piston and cylinder arrangement, a crankshaft operatively connected with the piston, means for delivering lubricant through a passage in crankshaft to the connection between the crankshaft and the piston, a counterweight on the crankshaft, a passage adapted to register intermittently with the passage in the crankshaft and open to one side of the counterweight for directing an oil deposit thereon at an area thereof phased to sling the major portion of the deposit into the cylinder pursuant to rotation of the counterweight with the crankshaft.
11. In a compressor as described, a cylinder structure comprising a cylindrical member, an annular intake manifold thereabout, said cylindrical member having a portion with a frusto-conical surface tapering in the direction toward the intake and of the cylinder within said manifold, and said manifold having an annular groove therein facing said surface, the groove face curving toward said surface in said directionand previzfing' said suffice a relatively narrow slot canine-rely the inlet 'eiid df said cylinder member. i
12; Iii a device bf the-"class described, an ue'stanning tubular ca's'ing'withtop and bottom cap members "closing the top and bottom ends of the casing, said bottom cap member having a central dependent cup portion open to the-casing; a'unitary meter and ccrnpresso'r stru'ctui' having a meter component at its up'gi'er end and a compressor cbmbdnent therebelcwand being self-adjusti'ri'gly slidably fit'fedWithin said casing and 'insertable and remevabie as aufnit endvvise-thefebf, abeffbm suii'por-t for the structure and comprising a central bottom end element on' the structure cempiememany fitting within said Clip for centering the-'s'truc'ti1"re- Within the casing-,- said s'tructii're including a bdlkliead iiiember" dis fidsed intermediate said nio'tb'fi and c'eni'p'r ss'or cciria'pon h't's and having a periphand surface incle's'e fitting enga ement with the interior (if-the casing and With saidhot in support affording the sole p'ropfer said strfict'uie Within'sa'i'd casing; said bulkhead menib'e'f dfviding' s'aidcasing-ind) a relatively tu'rb'ule'nt 16W pre'sserechamber the'f'ea'bb've and a relatively calm intake manifold chamber therebelow and having-"said bulkhead-member fashioned with a plurality bf apertures therethr'dng'h attaining ccmmnnicatibn between said chambers" and permitting gasesto new from the low pressure chamber to the intake chambers '13. Ina device of the class described-,a hermetic hous mg, a. unitary structure mounted therein'and comprising interassociated' meter and compressor components dis= posed in axial alignment with the c'omp'r'essoi' in-a 1ower mostpo's'itio'n, an oil snfnp'at the Bottom of the housing beneathsaid compressor component and-having-a portion 7 of said compressor extending thereintb, oil in said' suifif) fillingthe space b'etiveen said exzending compressor ertion and adjacent portion-0f the housin'g'an'd providing a heat transfer media between said extending com ressdr portion and thehcusing, and a readily rein'ova'bIe- Water jacket surrounding said hoti's'ing in the area 'adjdin'ing said compressor component and'said 'oil surnp.
14. A 'dev'iceaccording tocla'iin 13 and further chafacterized by awater jacket that is fashioned to cover the bottom endwall in addition tdpoftio'ns of the side Walls of the'housing. V
15; In adevice of the class described,- a compressor having a' crank-case witha plurality of piston and cylindei components, a driven crankshaft journaled' fronii' the crankcase and operatively connected to the pistons bf said-cernponents, separate discharge means for each cdr'ii ponent, a cemmo'n annularly arranged endless manifold 12 id cfififidfiii'ts} eacli 'df said "sesa e edly cdnn cted in a ccntinnbnsly dfierable gas conducting felations if? 't'd' s d 'rnahi'fld at ciicuififefentially speczi mervals theie'along tb prov de we fiat'hs" fdf theflbwf gas discharging th'rih'tbfrofix each of saidseparate discharge means;an"d'an'om1etror said-manifold; I T6. 1ha device 6f the class described, 'a coinpre's'sbi' having-a crankcase With a phifality 'Of fii'stbn ahd cylinder ce'inpbnen'tsg adrive'nciankshaft-jdurnaled -fro'nrtlie cf a'nk case and peia'tively connected to the pistons of "said cbin'pb'n'ents, separate discharge means for each cdni patient; a c'emmbnannfilarly affang'ed endless manifdld di'sifiti's'ed beneath said-components, a'con'taine'r encasing eoifibr'es'ser and" said dischar e manifold; each Ofsaid separate discharge means being" fi-X'edly connected a con'tindeusly operable ga "'ridii'cting felatibnshiii' tb'said manifold at 'cireumnsrefinany'spaced-intervalsther'e alb g t'oprovide t'wd'patlis 'fdi' menu-w bfgas discharging'there into from each of said separate nis'eharge means-heat exeha'nge fluid -Ineans" in-said' con ainer ceinplet'ely innadating said manifold; and an (inlet for saidniahifoldl 17". In a compressor as described, a cylinder structure comprising a cylindrical member having a cylinder intake end, a manifold member having an annular g'rbbve'the'rein; said manifold'member bein disposed sc'that the annular grbove' thefeincooperates with said cylindrical mnifie'r' adjbininghtheintake end thereof to 'previde' an unobstructed andendless'intake manifold completely encircling the periphery-0f "said cylindrical member, 'said manifold member havinga portion thereof adjoining the gibdve therein that is spaced from said cylindrical member td prvide an unobstructed anniila'r slot-like passage com pletely circumscribing the intakeend of said cylindrical memberand-interconnecting said mani-fdld With the intake end' of the cylinderwhereby gases are passed from the interior-'0'? saidmanif'old to the cylinder;
ReferencesCite'd in the file of this'=patent-' 'sTATEs' PATENTS
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Cited By (22)

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US2864551A (en) * 1957-01-30 1958-12-16 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US2893626A (en) * 1956-12-27 1959-07-07 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US2902205A (en) * 1956-12-20 1959-09-01 Parker Refrigeration Dev Co Sealed refrigeration unit with auxiliary power pulley
US2963113A (en) * 1957-10-03 1960-12-06 Carrier Corp Compressor lubrication system
US2999629A (en) * 1959-04-23 1961-09-12 Worthington Corp Interchangeable, hermetic and opentype refrigeration compressor
DE1124523B (en) * 1957-10-03 1962-03-01 Carrier Corp Piston compressor for refrigeration systems
DE1127921B (en) * 1957-10-03 1962-04-19 Carrier Corp Piston compressor for refrigeration systems with upright crankshaft
US3229901A (en) * 1964-04-20 1966-01-18 Lennox Ind Inc Refrigerant compressor
US3240151A (en) * 1963-01-28 1966-03-15 Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co Pumps
DE1226613B (en) * 1962-11-02 1966-10-13 Linde Ag Cylinder head of plunger piston cold steam compressors
US3413929A (en) * 1966-04-21 1968-12-03 Hypro Inc Radial piston pump
US3765801A (en) * 1972-04-14 1973-10-16 Sundstrand Corp Compressor liquid return protection
US3784331A (en) * 1972-05-18 1974-01-08 Gen Motors Corp Radial compressor with two-piece cylinder housing and shell
JPS5150619U (en) * 1974-10-17 1976-04-17
US4547131A (en) * 1983-07-25 1985-10-15 Copeland Corporation Refrigeration compressor and method of assembling same
US4834627A (en) * 1988-01-25 1989-05-30 Tecumseh Products Co. Compressor lubrication system including shaft seals
US5039285A (en) * 1990-01-18 1991-08-13 Tecumseh Products Company Lubrication system of connecting rod, piston, and wrist pin for a compressor
US5168960A (en) * 1991-03-19 1992-12-08 Bristol Compressors Compressor crankshaft bearing cap and assembly
US5281110A (en) * 1991-12-02 1994-01-25 Tecumseh Products Company Hermetic compressor oil separating baffle
US20100043631A1 (en) * 2008-08-21 2010-02-25 Trane International, Inc. Compressor with Improved Lubrication
US20100319547A1 (en) * 2007-02-09 2010-12-23 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Reciprocating compressor and oxygen concentrator
US9835146B2 (en) * 2006-08-18 2017-12-05 L•VAD Technology, Inc. Method of producing air for ventricular assist system

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US2065162A (en) * 1933-09-30 1936-12-22 Mills Novelty Co Fluid compressor
US2113691A (en) * 1934-07-28 1938-04-12 Baldwin Southwark Corp Compressor
US2130276A (en) * 1934-10-31 1938-09-13 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US2073547A (en) * 1935-08-06 1937-03-09 Paul F Berry Pump
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Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2902205A (en) * 1956-12-20 1959-09-01 Parker Refrigeration Dev Co Sealed refrigeration unit with auxiliary power pulley
US2893626A (en) * 1956-12-27 1959-07-07 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US2864551A (en) * 1957-01-30 1958-12-16 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US2963113A (en) * 1957-10-03 1960-12-06 Carrier Corp Compressor lubrication system
DE1124523B (en) * 1957-10-03 1962-03-01 Carrier Corp Piston compressor for refrigeration systems
DE1127921B (en) * 1957-10-03 1962-04-19 Carrier Corp Piston compressor for refrigeration systems with upright crankshaft
US2999629A (en) * 1959-04-23 1961-09-12 Worthington Corp Interchangeable, hermetic and opentype refrigeration compressor
DE1226613B (en) * 1962-11-02 1966-10-13 Linde Ag Cylinder head of plunger piston cold steam compressors
US3240151A (en) * 1963-01-28 1966-03-15 Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co Pumps
US3229901A (en) * 1964-04-20 1966-01-18 Lennox Ind Inc Refrigerant compressor
US3413929A (en) * 1966-04-21 1968-12-03 Hypro Inc Radial piston pump
US3765801A (en) * 1972-04-14 1973-10-16 Sundstrand Corp Compressor liquid return protection
US3784331A (en) * 1972-05-18 1974-01-08 Gen Motors Corp Radial compressor with two-piece cylinder housing and shell
JPS5150619U (en) * 1974-10-17 1976-04-17
US4547131A (en) * 1983-07-25 1985-10-15 Copeland Corporation Refrigeration compressor and method of assembling same
US4834627A (en) * 1988-01-25 1989-05-30 Tecumseh Products Co. Compressor lubrication system including shaft seals
US5039285A (en) * 1990-01-18 1991-08-13 Tecumseh Products Company Lubrication system of connecting rod, piston, and wrist pin for a compressor
US5168960A (en) * 1991-03-19 1992-12-08 Bristol Compressors Compressor crankshaft bearing cap and assembly
US5281110A (en) * 1991-12-02 1994-01-25 Tecumseh Products Company Hermetic compressor oil separating baffle
US9835146B2 (en) * 2006-08-18 2017-12-05 L•VAD Technology, Inc. Method of producing air for ventricular assist system
US20100319547A1 (en) * 2007-02-09 2010-12-23 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Reciprocating compressor and oxygen concentrator
US8435013B2 (en) * 2007-02-09 2013-05-07 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Reciprocating compressor and oxygen concentrator
US20100043631A1 (en) * 2008-08-21 2010-02-25 Trane International, Inc. Compressor with Improved Lubrication

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