US2535937A - Fuel injecting means for motors - Google Patents

Description

Dec, 26, 1950 L. LE Bone 51M 2,535,37

FUEL INJECTING MEAlfS FOR MOTORS Filed Aug. 8, 1945 IWVETYfOl-S L607? Le 502cc and G fiery es 65w ZL'er Patented Dec. 26, 1950 FUEL mmcrmc MEANS FOR MOTORS Leon Le Bozec, Courbevoie, and Georges Gautier, Mesnil-le-Roy, France Application August 8, 1945, Serial No. 609,550

. In France July 19, 1939 Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires July 19, 1959 2 Claims. 1

Our invention has for its object improvements in injectors adapted to provide for the admission of fuel into the cylinders of internal combustion or explosion motors.

Injectors are already known wherein the closing member or needle of a diameter much greater than .that of the channel which is to be closed bears against the entrance of said channel through a surface which may be fiat or very slightly hollowed out into the shape of a spherical cap or of a very open cone; in this latter case, the closing member bears through a circular edge against the fiat surface surrounding the entrance into the channel without however forming any objectionable chamber in front of said entrance.

It has been found that these known injectors show in spite of their advantages, the drawback of producing a substantial loss of head at the moment of the passage of the fuel through said channel, said loss being due to the fact that as soon as the closing means are raised, the fuel distributed over the outer periphery of said closing means is driven radially towardsthe center thereof so that the liquid streams assume a convergent movement and a meeting point thereof is formed exactly at the entrance into the channel, which leads to violent eddies of the liquid.

The present invention has as an object the correction of these disadvantages.

According to the present invention, the frontal surface of the valve element or closing means is provided with an annular recess of slight depth from the center of which extends an axial projection extending into the injection channel.

Due to this arrangement, the liquid fuel having passed the outer periphery of the closing means and of the annular recess is guided by the bottom of this recess, then by the projection towards the injection channel, and the flow is effected in a very uniform manner without eddying.

The improvements according to our invention are illustrated by a few examples shown in the accompanying drawings wherein: a.

Fig. 1 shows the head piece of an injector adapted to atomize through a plurality of small holes.

Fig. 2 shows an injector headpiece wherein the central projection acts as an atomizing member.

According to Fig. 1, l designates the end of an injector provided with a closing; member H, the lower surface of which is adapted to bear against a flat seat I 3 into the center of which a channel I4 opens the end of which communicates with a certain number of small holes I5 providing for the atomizing of the fuel under pressure which escapes therethrough when the closing member is opened.

The seat it forms one of the walls of the fuel chamber it which is connected through a duct H with a feed pump not illustrated.

According to this first form of invention the active surface i2 of the closing member II is hollowed out into the shape of a spherical cap whereby said closing member may rest against the seat It only through its edge [8 but however by reason of the concavity given to the surface I? being very slight, no substantial expansion chamber is formed at the entrance into the channel M.

To further the passage of the liquid fuel when the closing member H is raised, there is provided in accordance with our invention at the center of the operative surface l2 of said member M an axial projection 19 adapted to partly engage the channel 14.

According to the example illustrated in. Fig. 1 the edge 2| at the entrance of the channel H has a flaring shape and moreover the projection l9 appears under the shape of a cone the apex of which engages the channel H but without touching the edge thereof.

With such an arrangement, it is obvious that when the closing member I I is raised, the fuel under pressure enters at a high speed the channel I 4 without being submitted thereby to any expansion or throttling, eddying motion or sudden change in direction; thus the losses of head are reduced to a minimum and the atomization obtained is for an equal pressure of fuel better than that provided in the prior devices and this leads to an increased efficiency of the engine, provided with our improved injector.

In the example illustrated in Fig. 2 the channel 14 opens directly at 20 into the motor cylinder; the lower surface of the closing member I l is flat but the projection carried centrally by said closing member I l and designated in the present case by the reference number 22 extends throughout the length of the channel.

At the end 20 of the channel, the central projection 22 defines a throttled annular space the width of which is sufliciently small for producing the desired atomizing of the fuel during operation.

According to Fig. 2 the channel I4 and the central projection 22 are both cylindrical.

Moreover, it should be well understood that the invention is not limited to the few examples given hereinabove by way of illustration and it is possible without widening its scope to embrace all the detail modifications which may be suggested by practice and which are included within the scope of the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. A fuel injector comprising a body having a fuel supply chamber therein, said body also having a fuel injector channel therein opening through an orifice in a Wall of said chamber, said wall being plane on the interior of said chamber and perpendicular to the axis of said injector channel, said body having a valve element-receiving-bore coaxial with the axis of said channel and extending into said chamber through a wall opposite said plane wall, a valve element axially movably mounted in said bore and provided with a circular end face of larger diameter than the diameter of said orifice, said end face of the valve element being slightly hollow and surrounded by a circular peripheral edge for cooperating with the plane surface surrounding the orifice, and a projection of circular cross section extending axially from the center of the hollow end face of the valve element into the orifice and channel and spaced from the interior edges and surfaces of the orifice and channel in all positions of axial movement of said valve element.

2. A fuel injector comprising a body having a fuel supply chamber therein, said body also having bore coaxial with the axis of said channel and extending into said chamber through a wall opposite said plane wall, a valve element axially movably mounted in said bore and provided with a circular end face of larger diameter than the diameter of said orifice, said end face of the valve element being slightly hollow and surrounded by a circular peripheral edge for cooperating with the plane surface surrounding the orifice, and a conical projection extending axially from the center of the hollow end face of the valve element into the orifice and channel, said orifice, channel and conical projection being of such diameters that the conical projection will be spaced from the interior edges and. surfaces of the orifice and channel in all positions of axial movement of said valve element.

LEON LE BOZEC.

GEORGES GAUTIER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,017,028 Heinrich et a1. Oct. 8, 1935 2,067,131 Schlaupitz Jan. 5, 1937 2,172,556 Edwards Sept. 12, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 146 Great Britain Jan. 3, 1910 43,447 France Mar. 5, 1934 671,685 Germany Nov. 8, 1935 Vii/h.

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