US2507710A - Adjustable-angle surgical instrument - Google Patents

Description

May 16, 1950 P. P. s'Rosso ADJUSTABLE ANGLE SURGI CAL INSTRUMENT Filed July 2, 1949 FIG. 2.

FIG.

INVENTOR. R47'R'ICK I? GROSJO ATTORNEY Patented May 16, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT F F-ICE ADJ US TABLE-ANGLE" SURGICAL INSTRUMENT Patrick .P. Grosso, Br00klyn,'N. Y.

Application July .2, 1949, :Serial No.'102,880

4'Claims. 1

This invention relates to improvements. in adjustable-angle surgical instruments such. as are .shown generally in my prior Patent No. 2,109,147, patented February 22, 1938. While my improved adjustable-angle instrument is particularly useful in the fields of surgery and dentistry, it is .also adapted to many other fields of use.

One object of this invention is an improved ,form of angle-setting-and-locking mechanism for; an adjustable angle surgical instrument.

Another object is an adjustable-angle surgical instrument, which can be instantaneously unlocked to permit a change of angle setting, and instantaneously relocked at the new setting.

-Another object is an adjustable-angle surgical instrument wherein the operating jawsare adjustable for lateral displacement.

Another object is an adjustable-angle surgical instrument having an angle-setting-and-locking mechanism of but few and simple parts, which is inexpensive and easy to manufacture, readily :-assembled and disassembled, easy to manipulate, '"rapidlyadjusted and readj.usted, and which is very efflcient anddurable in'use.

Otherobjects will appear from the detailed description which follows:

'In'the'drawings comprising one-sheet of six ffigures,.-.numbered Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive:

Fig.1 is a front-view illustrative of one form 10f surgicalinstrument embodying my invention,

ales Whichmake up theangle. setting mechanism.

Like reference characters .designate corresponding parts throughout the-several figures of v the drawings.

.The surgical i lnstrumentl'l may .beany .form

'.or kind .of grasping, holding, .carrying, crushing,

.cutting or. clamping, instrument, suchas forceps, clamps, .hemostats, tenaculums, rongeurs, .car-

. riers, scissors, or one of the specialinstruments such as gall bladder forceps, intestinal-forceps,

ncseand throat instruments, and/or a dental or veterinarian instrument.

As.illustrated, invention is shown .appliedto pair otrongeurs. .The operating handlesl I and 22m the surgical instrument may -be-.0f any preferred form and 24 and 25.

may be. suitably .pivotally. interconnected in. any suitable manner as bythe stud screw 23. The operating handles .2! and.22 extendbeyondl the pivotalconnection 23 toform a pair. of short lever arms. and 25. In the structure illustrated-the operating handles 2| andr22 are normally held. in .thepartially open position by means of. spring .126which is-secured atoneend to one of the operating. handles2l as by the screws 54. The free end of the spring .26 may .carry a rotatably mounted roller 21 for reducing friction,.insuring a smooth action, and reducing wear between .theparts. 'When .the handles are moved towards each otherthe roller .21 engages .the innerlface .of the handle .22 to energize the spring 26, and

when theoperating handlesZl and 22 are re- .leased, the spring-25 causes the-handles toisep- .arate, thus increasing the separation between .the short lever-arms Zland 25.

,The short leverarms 24 and 25.are.provided with through openings 28 and 29 wherein-the shanks 3B and BI of. theknuckles .32-and .33 are -mounted to turn in said through openings .28 and 29-ab0utthe lever. .arms'24 and .25. .Eachlever arm 24.. andl25. isv partially split at 34, each split -34 extending to and merging with one .of .the through openings .28 or .29, asthe case may be, -to .permitthe Widthof the .bore of the through .openings to bevaried as hereinafter described.

The leverarmsZand 25 are drilled, at right :angles to the: axes-.01 the through .openings28 and 29, and-the.portions.35 of the lever arms are threaded to receive the right and lefthand threaded pins Stands? which .are suitably 'attached to the rocker arms 38 .and 39, .as by .,riveting,. so that whenthepins 35 and .3! are screwed into the threaded portions 35, .thesplit sections34 ofthe leverarms may bedrawn towards thethreaded portions 35 thereof when the rocker arms -38..and.39 are rocked in the .proper direction to reduce the Width of the bores ofthe through openings 28 and 29, thus locking the shanks30 and 3| to immobilize the knuckles 32 and 33. Byrocking therocker arms 3-Sand 39 in opposite directions through a small angle,f.the split sections 34 moveawayfromthe threaded portions v35 thusreleasing the shanks .30 and 3| which are nowfree toturn upon the lever arms The outer extremityv of each rocker arm.38,.39. may be bentupwards to form athumb latoh m or Al.

Each knuckle 32. 33 and its shank 38, 3| is turned..inone piece, the shank 30, 3| being. re- .duced. in size so that thehead vof the knuckle overhangsits shankto forma shoulder orstop which engages the edge face of the lever arm 24 or 25 to limit the extent of movement of the shank 30, 3| in the through opening 28 or 29. The end of the shank 30, 3| may be riveted over at 42 to prevent the knuckle 32 or 33 from being removed from its lever arm 24 or 25. Each knuckle 32, 33 i also provided with a through opening 43 forming a socket for receiving the shank 44 of one of the knuckles 45.

Each shank 44 may be provided with two or more spaced annular grooves 45, so that by sliding the shank 44 up or down in the socket 43, one of the grooves 46 may register with, and be engaged by, the knurled-headed set-screw 56 to adjust and lock the shank 44, and prevent the knuckle 45 from pulling out of the knuclde 32, 33 in which the knuckle 45 is mounted. Each knuckle 45 includes a holed ear which cooperates with the holed ear(s) 41, 48 formed at the end of one of the short arms 49 or 50 of the operating jaws and 52 of the surgical instrument 20. The operating jaws 5| and 52 are pivotally connected together as at 53 so that whenever the operating handles 2| and 22 are closed the operating jaws 5| and 52 are also closed substantially as shown in broken lines in Fig. 1; and whenever the operating handles 2| and 22 are forced apart by the release of the spring 26 the operating jaws 5| and 52 of the instrument are l kewise separated, substantially as shown in bold lines in Fig. 1.

To effect lateral displacement of the operating jaws 5| and 52, one of the shanks 44 is extended until its lower annular groove 46 registers with the stem of the knurl-edged set-screw 56 which is then screwed down to lock the knuckle in the extended position, thus displacing the operating jaws 5|, 52 laterally. By extending both shanks 44 to the maximum, length adjustment of the Operating jaws, and a change in leverage, may be obtained.

To adjust the instrument 20 to any desired angle, the rocker arms 38 and 39 are respectively moved clockwise and counter-clockwise through a small angle to unlock the shanks 30 and 3| of the knuckles 32 and 33. The operating jaws 5| and 52 may now be turned through a circular arc to any desired angular setting relative to the operating handles 2| and 22 (see Fig. 2). The

rocker arms 38 and 39 are now moved towards each other to force the split sections 34 inwards thus reducing the cross section of each through opening 28 and 2! to lock and immobilize the shanks 3i) and 3| to prevent any premature change in the angular setting. The operating. handles may now be manipulated to actuate the operating jaws 5| and 52.

By using this adjustable-angle and laterally displaceable surgical instrument many surgical procedures are facilitated, particularly where structures, organs, tissues, blood vessels, or nerves, are diflicult to reach with ordinary instruments. Its use likewise eliminates delay and expedites operative procedure in cases where some particular fixed angle instrument has not been sterilized, and is therefore not available for immediate use when unexpectedly needed. This multi-angle instrument can be used to great advantage in those cases where the surgeon requires an instrument having one angle for picking up a structure, and another instrument having an entirely different angle for holding the structure while the operative procedure is completed. In such cases this multi-angle instrument is invaluable, because the angular setting of the operating jaws 5| and 52 relative to the operating handles 2| and 22 can be changed almost instantaneously, and the operating handles 2| and 22 moved to that position which least obstructs the surgeons field of operation.

What is claimed is:

1. In an adjustable-angle surgical instrument and in combination, a pair of operating handles, a pivotal connection therebetween, the ends of said handles extending beyond said pivotal connection to form a pair of relatively short lever arms, each of said lever arms having a hole formed therein and being split cross-wise, each split extending through the wall of said hole and merging with one face of the lever arm to form an air gap, a pair of T-shaped connectors, each connector including a cross-head and a shank depending from and in continuation of said cross-head, each cross-head having a socket recessed therein, said socket extending at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the shank of the connector, said shanks being mounted to rotate in the holes in said lever arms to effect angular movement of said connectors relative to their associated lever arms, a pair of operating jaws, a pivotal connection therebctween, the ends of said operating jaws being prolonged beyond said pivotal connection and terminat ng in holed ears, a pair of knuckles, each of said knuckles including a shank portion having a holed ear formed at one end thereof, a plurality of annular grooves encircling each of said shanks in spaced relation to each other, the holed ears in said knuckles being pivotally connected to the holed ears of said operating jaws as prolonged, the shanks of said knuckles being slidably adjustable in the sockets in said connectors, and means carried by the short lever arms for contracting the air gaps to lock the shanks of the connectors to the lever arms and immobilize the connectors against change in angular setting.

2. In an adjustable-angle surgical instrument and in combination, a pair of operating handles, a pivotal connection therebctween, the ends of said handles extending beyond said pivotal connection to form a pair of relatively short lever arms, each of said lever arms having a hole formed therein, each lever arm also being split crosswise, each split extending from the face of the lever arm and passing through the wall of the formed hole to form an air gap, a pair of T- shaped connectors, each connector including a cross-head and a shank depending from and in continuation of said cross-head, each cross-head having a socket opening formed therein, said socket extending at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the shank of the connector, said shanks being mounted in the holes in said lever arms to rotate and effect angular movement of each connector-socket relative to its associated lever arm, a pair of operating jaws, a pivotal connection therebctween, the ends of said operating jaws being prolonged beyond said pivotal connection and terminating in holed ears, a pair of knuckles, each of said knuckles including a shank portion having a holed ear formed at one end thereof, the holed ears in said knuckles being pivotally connected to the holed ears of said operating jaws as prolonged, the shanks of said knuckles being plugged in the sockets in said connectors, pins penetrating said short lever arms and threadably mounted therein, rocker arms attachedto the free ends of said pins and movable across the face of said short lever arms,

and said rocker arms being rockable to impart increased tension to said pins and bring said rocker arms into physical engagement with said short lever arms thereby reducing the air gaps and locking the shanks of the connectors to the short lever arms to immobilize the connectors against change in angular setting.

3. In an adjustable-angle surgical instrument and in combination, a pair of operating handles, a pivotal connection therebetween, the ends of said handles extending beyond said pivotal connection to form a pair of relatively short lever arms, each of said lever arms having a hole defining a socket formed therein, the wall of each socket being split lengthwise, said split extending to the face of the lever arm to subdivide said lever arm into two sections one relatively fixed and the other relatively movable with the split socket disposed therebetween, a pair of T-shaped connectors, each connector including a crosshead and a shank depending from and in continuation of said cross-head, each cross-head having a socket opening formed therein extending at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the shank of the connector, said shanks being mounted to rotate in the split sockets to effect angular movement of each connector-socket relative to its associated lever arm, set-screws threadably mounted in said connectors, a pair of operating jaws, a pivotal connection therebetween, the ends of said operating jaws being prolonged beyond said pivotal connection and terminating in holed ears, a pair of knuckles, each of said knuckles including a shank portion having a holed ear formed at one end thereof, a plurality of annular grooves encircling each of said shanks in spaced relation to each other, the holed ears in said knuckles being pivotally connected to the holed ears of said operating jaws as prolonged, the shanks of said knuckles being slidably adjustable in the sockets in said connectors to bring said annular grooves successively into registry with said set-screws, each set-screw being operable to engage said registering groove to lock said shank to said connector, a pair of L-shaped pins there being one pin associated with each of said lever arms, one arm of each pin penetrating the relatively movable section of its associated lever arm and being threadably mounted in the relatively fixed section thereof, and the other arm being rockable to draw the movable and the fixed sections together and immobilize the shanks of the connectors in the split sockets.

4. In an adjustable-angle surgical instrument and in combination, a pair of operating handles, a pivotal connection therebetween, the ends of said handles extending beyond said pivotal connection to form a pair of relatively short lever arms, each of said lever arms having a hole defining a socket formed therein, the wall of each socket being split lengthwise, said split extending to the face of the lever arm to subdivide said ever arm into two sections one relatively fixed and the other relatively movable with the split socket disposed therebetween, a pair of T-shaped connectors, each connector including a crosshead and a shank depending from and in continuation of said cross-head, each cross-head having a socket opening formed therein extending at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the shank of the connector, said shanks being mounted to rotate in the split sockets to effect angular movement of each connector-socket relative to its associated lever arm, a pair of L- shaped pins there being one pin associated with each of said lever arms, one arm of each pin penetrating the relatively movable section of its associated lever arm and being threadably mounted in the relatively fixed section thereof, and the other arm being rockable to draw the movable and the fixed sections together and immobilize the shanks of the connectors in the split sockets.

PATRICK P. GROSSO.

No references cited.

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