US2551114A - Two-liquid feeding device for combustion chambers - Google Patents

Description

May 1, 1951 R. H. GODDARD 2,551,114

TWO-LIQUID FEEDING DEVICE FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS Filed March 24, 1948 INVENTOR.

Eatfiaz G. Goddaza, QBGZLW.

W ATTORNEY Iatented May 1, 1951 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TWO-LIQUID .DEVICE FOR Robert H. Goddard, deceased, late of Annapolis, Md., by Esther -C. Goddard, executrix, Worcester, Mass, assignor of one-half to The Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Foundation, New

York, N. Y., a Corporation of New York Application March 24, 1948, Serial No. 16,867

This invention relates to combustion chambers.

as used in propulsion apparatus. The present invention relates particularly to combustion chambers in which two combustion liquids, as gasoline and liquid oxygen, are intermingled and consumed. s

It is the general object of the present invention to provide an improved feeding device for such a combustion chamberthrough which .two'

member.

The invention further relates to arrangements and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Preferred forms of the invention are shown in the drawing, in which I Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation showing one form of the improved feeding device; and

Figs. 2 and 3 are views similar to Fig. 1 but showing modified constructions.

Referring to Fig. 1, a two-liquid feeding device D is shown as mounted axially in a combustion chamber C. The device D comprises an inner pipe or tube It] supporting a pointed or conical porous member l2 in its inner end. The member I 2 is of rigid and heat-resistant material and-is preferably formed of porous or sintered metal.

One combustion liquid, as gasoline, is supplied under pressure to the pipe or tube In and is forced through the porous member |2 in the form of a very fine mist or spray.

3 Claims. (01. 60-44) timately. intermingled An annular passage P is provided between an outer tubular member 4 and inner tubular member IS. The projecting ends of the annular members l4 and i5 are inwardly displaced to provide annular flanges l6 and H which are positioned to define an annular port I 8. The pipe I0 and tubular members I4 and are held in spaced relation by axially extending vanes or partitions and 2|.

A second combustion liquid, as liquid oxygen, is supplied under pressure to the passage P and is delivered through the slot -|8 and against the outer surface of the member l2 as an annular sheet or spray. The liquid oxygen forms a thin film along said outer-surface and becomes inwith the mist or. spray of gasoline. This film of oxygen not only mixes effectively with the gasoline but also acts as a cooling agent for the outer surface of the member I2.

As the surface area of the member I2 is reduced toward the axis thereof, the film of oxygen tends to become thicker, as it is concentrated. in a smaller area. For this reason, it is desirable that the porosity of ,the member I2 be increased toward its axis to maintain the desired ratio between the two combustion liquids.

In Fig. 2, one combustion liquid, as gasoline, is fed under pressure through a pipe to a recess R within its enlarged end portion 3i, and is forced against the inner surface of a porous or permeable member 32, clamped in the enlarged pipe portion 3|. The member 32 is cupshaped, as shown in Fig. 2, but with an outwardly projecting conical axial portion 32a.

The second combustion liquid, as liquid oxygen, is supplied under pressure through a passage P between an outer casing or wall 34 and an inner casing 35. The projecting ends of the case ings 34 and are inwardly offset and reversely curved to provide an annular slot 31 through which the liquid oxygen is sprayed against the adjacent surface of the porous member 32 and forms a cooling film thereon, as well as mixing With the gasoline spray or mist. I

In this construction also the axial portion 32a of the member 32 is preferably made more porous to offset its decreased surface area. The parts 3 I, 34 and 35 are held in spaced relation by vanes or partitions 38 and39 and the whole device is mounted in a combustion chamber C. The parts 3|, 34 and 35 may be made in two parts to facilitate assembly.

In the construction shown in Fig. 3, gasoline under pressure is supplied to an axially positioned pipe 40 having an inner partition structure 4| which is outwardly extended at 42 to support a cap 44. An annular conical porous member 45 is fixed between the end of the pipe 40 and the contracted flange 46 of the cap 44. The porous member 45 is also supported by the outer portions 42 of the partition structure 4|. The gasoline enters recesses R between the parts 42 and is forced through the porous member 45 as a mist or fine spray.

A second combustion liquid, as liquid oxygen, is supplied through an annular passage P2 formed between an outer tube 50 and an inner tube 5|. The outer tube 50 is inwardly contracted at 52 to provide an annular feed. slot 53 at the 3 end of the tube 5|. The parts 40, 5D and 5| are held in spaced relation by vanes or partitions 55 and 56 and the whole device is mounted in an axial opening in a combustion chamber C2.

With this construction, an annular spray, such as liquid oxygen, is directed against the outer surface of the porous member 45 at its smaller diameter and spreads outward against the ex.- panding and substantially conical surface thereof, while a mist or fine spray ofthesecond combustion liquid, as gasoline, is forced through the porous member 45 and intermingles with the spray of liquid oxygen.

In this form of the invention, the area of the member 65 increases outwardly, and the porosity of said member may be correspondingly reduced outwardly to supply relatively less gasoline as'the film of liquid oxygen becomes thinner.

In all three forms of the invention, a very effective interminging ofi two combustion liquids is efiected andthe exposed surfaces of the feeding' devices are all. adequately liquid cooled.

. Having thus dscribed the invention and the advantages thereof, it will be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the details herein disclosed, otherwise than as set forth in the claims, but what isclaimed is:

1. In a two-liquid; feeding device for a combustionchamber comprising an axial porous feeding' member, means to force. one combustion liquid through said porous member to issue as a fine mist at its outer surface and annular means to supply a converging film of a second combustion liquidto the outer surface of said porous member at its periphery for intermingling with said fine mist of said first combustion liquid, that improvement. which comprises a porous member which is cup-shaped and outwardly concave and which has an axial raised projection.

2. The combination in a two-liquid feeding device for a combustion chamber as set forth in claim 1, in which the annular means directs the second combustionv liquid against said porous member in a reverse direction and away from the discharge end of said chamber and toward the axis of. said member.

3; The combination in a two-liquid feeding device for a combustion chamber as set forth in claim 1, in which the porosity of said feeding member is increased towards its axis.

ESTHER C. GODDARD. Emecutria: of the Last Will and Testament of Robert H. Goddard, Deceased.

REFERENCES. CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Hanson Mar. 25, 1947 Number.

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