US2471076A - Printing telegraph system - Google Patents

Description

May 24, 1949. J. B. MOORE 2,471,076

PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM IN V EN TOR.

May 24, 1949. J. B. MOORE PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 25, 1945 INVENTOR. Jon More TTORNEY.

Patented May 24, 1949 PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM John B. Moore, Brooklyn, N. Y., assigner to Radio Corporation .of America, a corporation of Delaware Application May 23, 1945, Serial No. 595,303

9 Claims. 1

This invention relates to .printing telegraph systems and apparatus, and more particularly to such as, use. the five-unit or nre-element Baudot Code- Heretofcre., radio and land line printing telegraph systems employing the live-unit '00de have used` either On-Qfl keying, oi a Carrier or plus andY minus (T)4 keying of a direct current for the elements of the code. 'Stated in other words, it has been the custom to transmit either current or no current, or positive and negative direct currents for the different elements of the five-unit code. The inherent limitation imposed by only two conditions of signal have limited the possibilities of printer operation on a channel of specied electrical bandwidth. 'This has resulted in a presently used (conventional) fiveunit printer code which provides a total of only 32 possible combinations, and an error-indicating seven-unit code which provides only 35 possible combinations. These codes both permit of only o, three-bank typewriter keyboard instead of the standard typewriter keyboard of four banks vor row-s of keys. Experience has shown that the three-bank keyboard does not satisfactorily meet the needs of the telegraph industry and the business- World.

The present invention provides a telegraph .ables the printer-equipment to be at least equivaient to the standard typewriter.

apparatus of the invention employs polarized current relays which have a neutral position in addition to the plus and minus positions. These polarized relays may be ofthe conventional electromechanical type or a special design, for example, an electronic equivaient. Where tape transmission is employed in the invention, `then. the tape perforator and the tape transmitter each require ten pins, i. e., nve pairs of pins. The perforator will use ten punch pins to perforate the tape, while the tape transmitter will use the ten pocker-pins for cooperation with the perforations punched .in the tape.

The two pins of each pair are assigned to each unit .or element of the five-.unit code, one pin for the plus impulse and the other for the minus impulse. The absence of perforations in the tape at the location assigned to one pair of pins of the transmitter produces the unmodulated or neutral condition of signal for that time element or unit.

In the receiving printer of the invention, all code bars are normally irl the, neutral (middle) position. A selecting impulse moves the 00de har ,either to the left or to the right from its neutral position through the medium of a suitable magnet System. this receiving printer,v there are ve different magnet systems vfor the five different units or elements of the rive-unit code. The direction of movement of the magnet, and hence of the code selector bar, is determined by the sign (sense or frequency) of the received selecting impulse.v Restoration of the code bars to their neutral position is accomplished by a wedge or V-shaped member driven into correspondingly positioned V-shaped cuts in the code bars. Such restoring action takes place in a manner similar to that occurring in the normal sequence of operation in conventional printer apparatus.

The present invention utilizing the principle of three conditions of signal in the live-unit code is applicable to either radio or land line printing telegraph service in which frequency-shift keying is utilized.

A more detailed description of the invention follows in conjunction with drawings, wherein:

Fig. l illustrates code charts showing the different combinations possible with the code of the invention, as applied to a five-unit code;

Fig. 2 illustrates the apparatus of a transmitting station in accordance with thde invention, suitable for use with my new code;

3 illustrates, by way of example only, one arrangement which the five pairs of pocker pins in the tape transmitter of Fig. 2 may take for cooperation with the advancing perforated tape;

Fig. 4 illustrates one arrangement of the receiving printer apparatus of the invention, capable of receiving the signals transmitted by the transmitting yapparatus of Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. Vl in more detail, there are shown four code charts labeled columns I, II, I II and IV showing a total of eighty dilerent code combinations possible with the live-unit code of the invention. The reference numerals l to 5 at the top of each column represent ve different units or elements of the code. The plus (-l-) sign represents the mark signal condition; the minus sign represents the space signal con 1"ion, while the i sign represents the neutral signal conditi Thus, the il sign indicate the unmcdulated (neutral) carrier duency con -on produced by an audio tone or radio treo ncy oscillator, while the plus and m si ate the frequencies on both sides of duced by shi ng the frequency of the oscillan tor to one side or the other in accordance with the particular sense or sign of the code unit or ment. it should noted that all code combinations contain three selecting elements and two non-select 1g elements.

Ii desired, the invention may be utilized with receiver printers equipped with error indicating mechanism io; producing a characteristic indication whenever more or fewer than three selecting impulses are received per code combination. Such error indicating mechanism is described in my Reissue Patent No. 22,394, granted November 23, 1943, and in my copending application Serial No. 548,206, filed August 5, 1944, now abandoned.

Columns I and II each contain twenty-four different code combinations or characters which are the inverse of each other. Columns III and Il! each contain sixteen different code combinations or characters which are the inverse of each other. Ii it is desired to avoid the use of inversions (complementary combinations), then the code charts of column I and III or II and IV only can be used. It should be noted from an inspection of the charts of Fig. 1 that sixty of the eighty possible combinations contain three conditions of signal, while others contain two conditions of signal. Obviously, if desired, the code can be set up to use only the sixty code combinations containing the three conditions of signal.

In View of the greater number of code combinations available in the code of the invention as compared to the conventional live-unit code, it is possible to transmit a practical maximum of intelligence for a given number of time elements per code combination and for a given band width o1" the communication channel, and to more completely realize the full possibilities o frequency shift keying.

Fig. 2 shows a two-channel or diplex trans mitting arrangement for utilizing the rive-unit code in accordance with the invention. Although apparatus for two channels are shown, it should be und-fftood that, if desired, only one channel vmay be used. Two or more channels are preerred, however, because they permit the use ol' local unctions in the apparatus, such as tape advance or type-bar operation in one channel during selection on the other channel.

lt should 'oe understood that the apparatus of Fig. 2 utilizes standard practice applied to startstop printer telegraph systems, except as modified in the manner described herein, and for this reason only those features are described which are essential to an understanding of the operation of the invention.

Channels A and B each include a ve-unit code tape periorator l@ having ve pairs of punch pins for punching perforations in advancing tape l? in accordance with the code characters of the signal to be transmitted. Each unit or time element of the five-unit code has one pair of punch pins assigned to it in the tape perforator and these pins are controlled by suitable punch magnets, in turn controlled by the printer keys. lThe perforated tape l2 is fed into an automatic tape-controlled transmitter i4 which is also provideo with nve pairs of pocker pins, one pair for each unit or time element of the five-unit code. The positions of pocker pins are arranged to cor respond to the positions of the punch pins in the perforator It in relation to the tape l2. Thus, il the tape l2 is perforated such that all holes are in a straight line transverse to the direction of movement of the tape, then the pecker pins of tape transmitter Hl should also be arranged in a straight line transverse to the moving tape. This is shown in Fig. 3. Alternatively, the holes in the tape l2 can be arranged in two straight parallel lines extending transversely of the direc tion of the moving tape, in which case the five pairs of pecker pins in the tape-controlled transmitter should also be arranged correspondingly in two straight parallel lines of ve pins each, with the pins of each pair being arranged in dif lines. In this last case, the tape should be advanced by the sprocket (star wheel) drive two center holes for each code character.

tape-controlled transmitter lil is provided with contacts c, e, f, and y which are con- Y; trolled by the tape and these contacts serve to supp-ly either positive volts direct current, negative 120 volts direct current, or no current at all to the leads l, 2, 3, d, and 5 extending to the similarly designated segments on the distributor it, which are assigned to that particular channel.

Fig. 3 illustrates how the ve pairs of pocker pins of the automatic tape controlled transmitter lll are arranged in a single straight line transverse to the advancing tape I2 when the perorations in the tape are similarly positioned. Only one pair ci pecler pins Il, i3 have been shown in some detail in order to illustrate the manner in which the pins are pivoted and arranged to close con i tacts e whenever the pins pass through the periorations in the tape. The pins are permitted to project through the perforations in the tape when the tape is in position for a code signal to be sent out. lf pin ll projects through a perforation, then an obvious circuit is closed to pass positive direct current from source +120 volts over lead 3 to the distributor segment 3. Simd ilarly, if pin i3 projects through a perforation, then an obvious circuit is closed to pass negative direct current from source 120 volts over lead il. If neither pin ll nor i3 projects through. a perforation, then the circuit through lead 3 is open and no current passes to the distributor` over lead 3. Upon completion of the transmission of a code signal, the pins l l and i3 (and the other pocker pins as well) are withdrawn from the tape downwardly under control of a member ll secured to a caro it. The star or ratchet wheel for feeding the perforated tape is not shown since this feature follows standard practice, but this feed mechanism and the movement of member ll are correlated to the speed of rotation of the brush arm on distributor I6, in turn synchronized with the distributor in the receiver apparatus of Fig. 4.

Distributor ifi is provided with five ses" ments l to 5 for each channel A or B, and these are located on a single circle. There also are provided such other segmented rings as are required to fulll known functions according to standard practice. Those other rings and segments on the distributor which do not relate to the invention have not been shown. The dis- .tributor le is also provided with a solid ring R Tbl-usb arm rotates. ifrom the s'haft-'Sbyiinsulation AI.

aneignen together and are secured to a movable armwhich `isv'driven in the direction 'of the arrowby-a shaft AiS ydriven by Ya v`motor v(--not shown). iBrush 2BR makes `continuous lcontact with ring '-R, while sbrush 'BR' makes contact iwith the different spaced segments 5| to i5 "of -e'ac'h channel as the The brush arm is finsulated 'The speed of rotation of the `rbrush arm iis i correlated to the operaticnlof the automatic tape- "controlled 'transmitters fso :that the 'segments .of f-the distributorassigned to each channel zare :all I.swept over by the brush fBR once for each =code #character or 'combination Lof that "channel,

The output from the distributor is taken .off zby vlead iii which is connected ftc polarized direct current relay i211. The armature .Zl fof relay 320 :remains in a neutral .position midway vbetween -rcontacts 22 yand 24 unless .pulled :over ito engage fone of these contacts or the other.

A positive currentiderivedfrom a particular segment on the distributor and applied to relay '2.'01fr0m lead HI8 4will `cause the armature 12| 5to fengageione 'of the contacts,:let us say 22,'while .a negative cur-- `rent Vapplied to :relay 123 will -cause armature `2| to engage contact '24. iIn the .absence of currenten lead I3, Vthe `armature '.21 will return lto I.its neutral or midway position between both 'con- =tacts.

yPolarized relay `20 vserves'to Ishift .the frequency of an oscillator 26 to 'one side or the other of Va -mid frequency. Oscillator 126 .is designed to :gen- Acrate fa tone in the audio frequency,frange if the system of fthe .invention is .to .be used on land lines, but is d'esignedfto gen'errateradio frequency waves ifithe system of 1theiinvention isto beiused .in va radiocsystem having anantenna. When vthe relay 2li is unenergized, `the yoscillator 25 genlerategfa carrier frequency representative "of fthe neutral.signaliconditionfand indicated by the-il `(zero) `designation-on 'the code V'charts of Fig. y1.

AWhen the relay 2li is energized with a. positive current representative oi-themark signalcondivtion .andindicatedby'the plus-designation onrtlie Icode'charts of Fig. .1, the frequencyof the oscillator is shifted in-one-directionadesired amount above (or below) relative tothe unmodulated carrier (neutral position). When the L.relay 2D is energized with a negative cur-rent representative of ythespace signal condition andindicated by the minus designation on the code charts of 1, .the frequency of .the oscillatoris shifted .in the other .direction a desired Vamount below system ofthe invention-utilizes land lines fas a transmission medium between the transmitter vand the receiventhen thesignals on leads 25 Will be a tone in the audio frequency range. .I-f,

however, the system ci the invention provides radio service, then the signals on leads will comprise radio 'frequency waves. In vthis'la'st case, leads 'Z5-can be "fed by a suitable'antenrra circuit. Amplier 2l feeds'fasuitable discrim- -inator circuit whose output, inthe 'form of direct cur-rent, controls Y"a direct-'current :polarized .fre-

The frequency shifts of the 5 @lay Discriminat'or y281servesto convert the `received2'frequency-shift-keyed. signals of an Aa1- lternating current character to direct current,

and suppliesathe winding of relay 29 with a posi- A5 tive direct-'currentvoltage or a negative directcurrent voltage, or no voltage, depending upon vthe characteristics of the'time elements of the `received 'code combinations constituting the veuunitcode.

Polarized vrelay .29 has its armature 30 nor- -mallymaintainedin a position midway between .its'two contacts. The energization of therelay winding'by a positive direct current ywill cause 1the 4armature to move in one direction, while the lapplication of a negative direct current to the winding will cause the armature to move in an opposite direction. In the absence of current applied tov'therelay winding, the armature will refmain in or return to a neutral position midway 20 v:between the contacts 3l and 32, as shown.

:Armature 30 is connected to the positive terminal :ofJabattery 33 whose negative terminal is connected'infcommcn, via lead to the polar- .vized vmagnets ci each nyc-unit code receiver printer.

The receiving apparatus is also provided with :'ardistributor 'Ml havingltwo solid rings C and D and two segmented rings E and F. Each of the lsegmented rings 'E and F are provided Iwith ten @equal length spaced segments, there being five segments provided for each of the channels A :Land B. The iive upper segments on each of the :rings E and F are assigned to channel A, while 7t-he 'iive lower segments on these same rings are rassigned to channel B. Solid ring C is connected `'to Contact 3l of-polarized relay 29, while solid yring connectedv to contact 32 of polarized relay 29. 'Suitable brush carrying arms M and :N vindividually'connect solid rings C and D to `qu segmented rings E and F, respectively. These -arms areonly shown diagrammatically and are driven 'in .the direction `of the arc-shaped arrow :by lmeansof a rotatable shaft, not shown, to thereby Yelectrically connect the rings C and D sequentially with the individual segments of therings -E^ and F.

The Viive upper-spaced segments designated I 'fto "of rings Eand F connected to the iive different codefselecter-bar control magnets 36 v'of the receiver printer of channel A. while the five lower spaced vsegments l to 5 of rings and F "are connected to the riive different code-selectorybarcontrol magnets of the receiver printer of channel B. The same numbered segments of the *rings E and-F for the same channel are connected to diiferent windings of the same code-selectorbar magnet in its associated receiver printer, as shown.

Oniy c. been shown as part of the receiv p r, but it should. be understood "that 'there are other such magnets and their individually associated code-selector-bars in the .receiver printer. Each receiver printer is provided with individual magnets for the five time elements or units of the five-unit code. Since the duplication of elements follows standard practice, it is not deemed necessary to show more than one magnet system. Each polarized magnet '3.6 is ...provided with two windings 3'! and 38 to .control the movement of its code selector bar '39 in either of .two directions, depending upon which .magnet .winding .is energized. The energize-tion alof magnet winding 3l will pull ycode selector bar .(3:9to the .-left, .while the energization of magnet 7 winding 38 will pull code selector bar 39 to the right. When there is no current applied to either magnet Winding, the code selector bar 39 will remain in its normal or reset position.

During the reception or" a code signal combinavIiirgixe-ererated member @3' which functions to re-set all code-selector bars 39 to their neutral or normal position after each selection has been made and a letter printed in the receiver.

The speed of the distributor i0 is synchronized with, and has the same speed as, distributor I5 at the transmitting end of the system. Thus, the time duration oi a brush arm in passing over a segment of the distributor I is correlated to the time interval of one of the units of the ve unit code.

At this time it should be noted that apparatus 2T, 2B, 29, 33 and li@ are common to the receiver printers of both channels.

For the purpose of exposition, let it be assumed that the brush arms of distributor MI are on the number i segments, as shown, and that the sense of the signal character received at that particular moment is such as to cause polarized relay 29 to close contacts 3l! and 32. A circuit will then be completed over a path from the positive terminal oi battery 33, over contacts 3i! and 32 of relay 29, solid ring D, brush arm N, segment i of segmented ring F, through Winding 38 of polarized magnet 36 and lead 3G back to the negative terminal of battery 33. This closed circuit Will energize winding 3S and cause the magnet 36 t0 pull code selector bar 39 to the right. If, however, it is assumed that the sense of the received signal is such as to operate relay 29 to close contacts d and 3i at the particular moment When the distributor itil is in the position illustrated, then a circuit will be completed over a path including solid ring C, brush arm M and Winding 3'! of magnet to cause the code selector bar 39 to be pulled to the left. The continued receiptv of signals While the distributor brush arms are rotating will cause the polarized relay Z9 to assume different contact positions in accordance with sense of the signals and hence set up the control magnets in the receiver printers to print the desired letter.

The principles of the invention are equally applicable to a four-unit printer code, although it should be understood that by reducing the total number oi time elements per character to four, in place of ve, it is possible to obtain thirty-two combinations and to transmit uve-fourths times as many Words per minute over existing channels compared to the conventional five-unit on-oi code, at the same keying speeds in bands. This five-fourths increase in Words per minute requires no increase in channel width.

What is claimed is:

1. A printing telegraph system for transmitting intelligence by means of an m-unit code, the irldividual elements of which comprise one of three predetermined conditions of signal, comprising an m-unit-code tape perforated in accordance with the code combinations to be transmitted, an

`munitcode automatic tape-controlled transmitter fed with said tape and having m pairs of pins for cooperation with the perforations in said tape, the pins in said tape-controlled transmitter being arranged in similar relation to the perforations in said tape, said tape-controlled transmitter having m pairs of contacts controlled by its m pairs of pins, a distributor having m different connections for operative association With the m different pairs of contacts of said tape-controlled transmitter, and means in said tapecontrolled transmitter for supplying each connection with a positive vol-tage When one contact of its associated pair oi contacts is closed, With a negative voltage when the other contact of its associated pair of contacts is closed, and with no voltage when neither contact of its associated pair is closed, an oscillator, means in circuit with said oscillator and under control of the output from said distributor for changing its frequency of operation to a second frequency when a positive voltage is supplied by said distributor and to a third frequency when a negative voltage is supplied by said distributor, means for transmitting signal Waves of said three different frequencies, receiving apparatus including frequency responsive means for converting the received signal waves to three conditions of signal constituting positive, negative and no current, a receiving distributor having m pairs of contacts coupled to said converting means, and a printer having m selector bars and associated therewith m polarized code-selector-bar magnets correspending to the m units of the code coupled to said receiving distributor, said magnets controlling diiierent code selector bars to cause said bars to assume any one of `three different positions corresponding to said positive, negative, and no current conditions of signal.

2. A printing telegraph system for transmitting intelligence by means oi a Xed-unit-code, the individual elements oi which comprise one of three predetermined conditions of signal, comprising a tap perforated in accordance with the code combination to be transmitted, the perforation pattern of said tape being arranged in pairs of perforations, one of said perforations representing one of said conditions of signal, the other of said perforations representing another of said conditions of signal and the absence of said perforations representing a further condition of signal, a tape-controlled transmitter fed With said tape and having pairs of pins 4for cooperation with the perforations in said tape, the pins in .said transmitter being arranged in relation to the pairs of perforations in said tape, said transmitter having pairs of contacts controlled by each of its pairs of pins, a distributor having different connections for operative association with the diierent pairs of contacts of said tape-controlled transmitter, an oscillation generator having a frequency determining circuit, an output circuit for said generator, a polarized relay havof signal frequency to said output circuit, transmission means coupled to said output circuit, frequency detecting means coupled to said transmission means 'for developing one current corresponding to one condition of signal frequency, a second current corresponding to another condition of signal frequency, and no current corresponding to a 'further condition of signal frequency, polarized relay means coupling said detecting means to a printer having polarized codeselector-bar magnets corresponding to the units of said code, said magnets controlling different code-selector bars in said printer to cause said bars to assume one of three different positions corresponding to said three conditions of signal, each of said code-selector bars having a V-shaped slot therein, and a V-shaped solenoid-operated mechanism for re-setting said bars to normal after each selection and printing operation.

3. Printing telegraph transmitting apparatus for transmitting intelligence from a transmitting tape having ive-unit-code perforations in accordance with the code combination to be transmitted, comprising a :dve-unit-code automatic tape-controlled transmitter fed with said. tape and having ve pairs of pins for cooperation with the perforations in said tape, the pins in said tape-controlled transmitter being arranged in similar relation to the perforations in said tape, said tape-controlled transmitter having ive pairs of contacts controlled by its five pairs of pins, a distributor having five different connections for operative association with the five dierent pairs of contacts of said tape-controlled transmitter, and means in said tape-controlled transmitter for supplying each connection with a positive voltage when one contact of its associated pair of contacts is closed, with a negative voltage when the other contact of its associated pair oi contacts is closed, and With no voltage when neither contact of its associated pair is closed.

4. Printing telegraph transmitting apparatus for transmitting intelligence from a transmitting tape having five-unit-code perforations in accordance with the code combination to be transmitted, comprising a five-unit code automatic tape-controlled transmitter fed with said tape and having five pairs of pins for cooperation with the perforations in said tape, the pins in said tape-controlled transmitter being arranged in similar relation to the perforations in said tape, said tape-controlled transmitter having ve pairs of contacts controlled by its ve pairs of pins, a distributor having five different connections for operative association with the live different pairs of contacts of said tape-controlled transmitter, an oscillator, and means in circuit with said oscillator and under control of the output from said distributor for changing its frequency of operation to a second frequency when a positive voltage is supplied by said distributor and to a third frequency when a negative voltage is supplied by said distributor.

5. Printing telegraph transmitting apparatus for transmitting intelligence from a transmitting tape having five-unit-code perforations in accordance With the code combination to be transmitted, comprising a ve-unit-code automatic tape-controlled transmitter fed with said tape and having five pairs of pins for cooperation with the perforations in said tape, the pins in said tape-controlled transmitter being arranged in similar relation to the perforations in said tape, said tape-controlled transmitter having iive pairs of contacts controlled by its five pairs of pins, a

lili

distributor having iive different connections ior operative association with the five diferent pairs of contacts of said tape-controlled transmitter, an electron discharge device oscillation generator having a frequency determining circuit, an output circuit for said oscillator, a polarized relay having a Winding controlled by the output from said distributor and -a pair of contacts connected to different points on said frequency determining circuit, said poiarized relay being responsive to 'positive voltage from said distributor to cause said oscillator to change its frequency in one direction from its normal carrier frequency and being responsive to a negative voltage from said distributor to cause said oscillator to change its frequency in an opposite direction from its normal carrier frequency, whereby said oscillator supplies three conditions of signal to said output circuit.

6. In a receiving station for receiving from a transmitting station sending ve-unit-code combinations having three conditions oi signal, .a receiver printer having five polarized code-selector-bar magnets corresponding to the five units of the code, a distributor having diierent segments connected to different ones of said magnets, individual code-selector bars for said mag-- nets, said magnets controlling diierent codeselector bars in said receiver printer to cause said bars to assume any one of three dierent positions corresponding to said three conditions or signal.

7. In a iive-unit-code signaling system wherein the code combinations make use of three conditions of signal, a receiver printer having five polarized code-selector-bar magnets corresponding to the rive units oi the code, a distributor having dierent segments connected to diiierent ones of said magnets, individual code-selector bars for said magnets, said magnets controlling three conditions of signal.

8. In a iive-unit-code signaling system wherein the code combinations make use of three conditions of signal, a receiver printer having five polarized code-selector-bar magnets corresponding to the iive units of the code, a distributor having different segments connected to different ones of said magnets, individual code-selector bars for said magnets, said magnets controlling different code-selector bars in said receiver printer to cause said bars to assume any one of three dierent positions corresponding to said three conditions of signal, each of said codeseiector having a V-shaped slot therein, and a il-shaped solenoid-operated mechanism for resetting said bars to normal after each selection and printing operation.

9. In a telegraph system having printing telegraph transmitting apparatus comprising a fiveunit-code transmitter supplying three conditions oi signal for diierent code combinations and means for converting said three conditions of signal to Waves of three different frequencies, receiving apparatus including means for converting received code combinations to three conditions of signal constituting positive, negative and no current, and a receiver printer having five polarized code-selector-bar magnets corresponding to the five units of the code, a distributor having diiferent segments connected to diierent ones of said magnets, individual code-selector l1 bars for said magnets, said magnets controlling different code selector bars to cause said bars to assume any one of three different positions corresponding to said positive, negative, and no current conditions of signal and pull bars selectively positioned in coded slots in said code selector bars dependent on the position thereof.

JOHN B. MOORE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

Number 12 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Tevis June 7, 1932 Beverage Dec. 24, 1935 Beverage Feb. 9, 1937 Masson Oct. 5, 1937 Fitch Apr. 2, 1940 Hanley Feb. 25, 1941 Noxon Nov. 25,l 1941 Bellescize May 26, 1942 Reiber Nov. 3, 1942 Hartley Dec. 30, 1947

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