US2469365A - Tool for dressing grinding wheels - Google Patents

Description

May 10, 1949. o. M. BRAATEN 2,469,365

TOOL FOR DRESSING GRINDING WHEELS Filed Feb. 23, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.

OSCAR M. BRAATEN aamvjxw A T T ORNE Y5 y 10, 1949. o. M. BRAATEN 2,469,365

TOOL FOR DRESSING GRINDING WHEELS Filed F'eb.,25, 1945 R 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 a /o/ ,1 .I/ 87 95 9 4 4.1 (ff--90 F *4 90 9'/ .89

INVEN TOR. OSCAR M. BRAATEN' Arrows Patented May 10, 1949 UNITED PATENT FBI CE TOOL FORDRESSING GRINDING WHEELS Oscar M; 'Bi-aaten, Rock Island; Ill.

ApplieatiomFebruary: 23, 1945;Serial No. 579,483

(Cfi12'5 -11') (Granted underitlie act of Ma'rch 3, 1883; as amendedvAprilkm, 1928;?3'700 G. 757

The invention describedherein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes; without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.-

This invention relates to' a dressing unit for grinding wheels and more particularly" to-aunit having a tooladapted'to form'a de'sire'd contour or profile on a grinding wheel. its 'broad'ei' aspects the inventionisapplicable-also 'toth'e forming of profiles or'con'tours oncutters or like elements.

The invention finds its greatest-utility in cases in which it is desired to-formmn-a grindingele ment or the like a contour corresponding'to that desired-to be ground on a machinedarticle; It has been found thata grinding wheelor'lik ele' ment s0 contoured eliminates severalindependei'it grinding operations.

A principal object of theinvention'is-to'provide a tool of the type described preferably -inthe'"*for-m of a unit adapted to be-attached to conventional type machines and hav-ing' a dressing tool mounted for substantially universal movement; so that it may follow the various angles and'radii-of the contour desired tobe*forrnedpmthe-grinding element.

Another'important object is-to provide a tool of the type referred to in which 'the'drssing' tool is adapted to be controlled throughout its movement by a control memberremote from'the tool.

Still another objectof=the'invention*is to pro vide gage means forsynchronizing th'e positions of the dressingtool and control means so that-the tool may be accurately guided.

Another object is to associate' with the 'tool and control means a templateor former-having'a' pattern corresponding tothe contour or'profil de-' sired to beformed;

Another object is to provide'a belt dri'v be' tween thedressing tool-and the'control means.

Another object is to provide a mean's'whereby the driving belt may be adjusted independently of the position of the dressing tool.

A still furtherobjec't of theinvention-is toprovide a tool support havingat least apair of tool receiving portions, is adapted to carry a tool for ordinary "dressing operations; and the otherof whicli'is adapted t'o carr y a tool fol special dressing'operations;

Briefly, and specifically; the 'foregoingfi and other important objectsare achieved 'in one pre ferred form of the invention in which thedressing tool is used inconjunction w-itli -a conventional type of machine that carriefoxh rotatio'mthe. grinding elementto be dressed: 1Asstated above;

2 it'is'preferredthat'the dressing tool be'formed as part eta-dressing unit, and therefore the invention-in its general application will be referred to asi-a dressing unit. This unit includes a dressing tool which is mounted for both longitudinal and transverse-movement and in addition is arranged on -a pivot for angular or rotational movement. The-tool includes a belt-engaging portion adapted to receivea drive belt which is in' turn trained about the'belt-engaging portionof a control mem her, the latter being also mounted for angular movement; A template or former cooperateswith th'e control-member for guiding the controlmember accordingtothe contour desired to be formed on the grinding element. The control member is so-disposed as to'move the toollongitudinally and transversely and,-because of the drivebelt, functions-further tomove thetool' angularly. The dressingnnit includes a base plate which is adapted to be easily attached to and detached from conventional types of machines such as lathes or the like:

A more completeunderstanding of the inven tion may behad-from the following detailed descrip'tion taken in conjunction'with the accompanying'sh'eets' of drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the dressing unit shown in position to perform the contouring operation. the" grinding-element, the device to be ground, and themachine for rotating said element being illustrated in broken lines;

Fig: 2 is a longitudinal sectional view takenon thlirie 2'-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig1-3 is atransverse-sectional view taken along th'e' line' 3'3 of Fig. 2;

Fig; 4 a fragmentary plan view illustrating thedressi'ng 'tool and control member and showingthegage means in position for checkingthe synchronizationof the control member and tool; Fig. 5is a side elevation in partial cross section of=the structure shown in Fig. 4; i

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary View in elevation showing- 'theupper portion of thetool standard with a modified form of tool carried thereby; and

Fig.- 7 is aplan view of the structure shown in Figf 6.

There'is illustrated in Fig. 1 a portion of a conventi'onal machine such as a lathe or the like halvinga bed 'lfl and a drive'unit I. The latter includesa rotatable shaft 12 extending longitu- (finally of the machine. The shaft l2 serves'to carry for rotation therewith a grinding element or wheel' lilg the element I 3 beingindicated in substantiall'y its final stages offoperation; thatis, the profile or contour has been substantially completely formed thereon. The numeral Hi indicates a machined article on which a grinding operation is to be performed. This article is carried for rotation in a driving head l5 of the machine as will be hereinafter set forth more clearly. The arrangement is such that the operator is enabled to dress the grinding element It either prior to or during intermediate stages of the grinding operation on the article M.

The bed id of the machine includes a suitable supporting plate G6 on which the dressing unit may be carried. As stated above, it is an important feature of this invention to provide the dressing unit in such a manner that it may be easily attached to and removed from the corresponding supporting structure on any type of machine.

The dressing unit includes a substantially square horizontal base 293 provided along each of its edges with a groove 2!. These grooves are adapted to receive respectively a plurality of securing elements 22 each of which is secured by a bolt 23 to the supporting plate it. The cooperation between the grooves 21 and the securing elements 22 is such that the latter may be conveniently adjusted with respect to the former. The upper surface of the base 26- includes a pair of parallel, longitudinally extending ll-grooves 24 which, when the unit is secured in position on the bed Iii, run parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding element 13.

An intermediate plate 25 is arranged above the base 2d and includes at its lower surface a pair of V-grooves 26 corresponding to the V- grooves 2:2 in the base 2d. A plurality of balls 21, suitably retained, is disposed in each pair of complementary grooves 25- and 23 and provide bearing means by which the intermediate plate 25 is carried for free reciprocating movement transversely across the base 23, or in a path parallel to or longitudinally of the axis of rotation of the grinding element 53. The upper surface of the intermediate plate 25 is formed with a pair of parallel V-grooves 28 running at right angles to the lower V-grooves 2%. An upper, tool-carrying plate 28 is arranged above the intermediate plate 25 and is provided at its lower surface with a pair of parallel V-grooves 38. A plurality of balls 3|, suitably retained, is interposed between each pair of complementary grooves 28 and 3% to provide bearing means by which the upper plate 2d is carried for free reciprocating movement across the intermediate plate 25, or in a direction at right angles to the axis of rotation of the grinding element !3 and also at right angles to the direction of movement of the intermediate plate 25 with respect to the base plate 2@. It will thus be seen that the upper plate 29 may be freely moved back and forth and from side to side, or transversely and longitudinally, with respect to the base 253 and likewise with respect to the grinding element E3.

The forward end of the tool-carrying plate 29 (the end closer to the grinding element 13) is provided with bearing or journal means for pivotally carrying on a vertical axis a tool post or standard 32. For this purpose the plate 29 is provided with a vertical bore 33 in which is carried a vertical sleeve 34. A lower bearing 35, preferably of the retained-ball type, surrounds the sleeve 34 and is recessed in the under surface of the plate 29,. A second bearing 36, also of the retained-ball type, surrounds the upper end of the sleeve 3 3 and is recessed in the lower portion of the tool standard 32. The tool standard includes a vertical shaft portion 37 which extends downwardly and beyond the sleeve 34. The shaft is threaded at its lower end to receive a knurled nut 38. A thrust washer 39 is interposed between the nut 33 and the outer race ring of the bearing 35. The intermediate portion of the tool standard 32 is provided with an integral annular section that forms the recess in which the bearing 36 is fitted. This section provides a belt-engaging portion 45], the purpose of which will be described below.

The upper part of the tool standard is adapted to receive different types of dressing tools and is further provided with means to support tools in either of two positions. For this purpose the tool standard is provided at its upper end with a horizontal opening 4 I forming a first tool-receiving portion, and a vertical V-groove 2 that pro vides a second tool-receiving portion.

As illustrated particularly in Figs. 1 and 2, a dressing tool 43 is provided with a diamond point in the usual manner and is mounted in the tool standard by being inserted through the tool-receiving opening 4|. A locking screw 24 threaded into the top of the tool standard engages the tool and secures it in place.

The tool mounting just described suffices for most dressing operations but it is found that in certain instances the dressing operation requires a tool that has greater freedom of movement, especially in those cases where the dressing involves curved surfaces of small radii. For this purpose a different tool is mounted in the second tool-receiving portion 42. The second tool is shown at 65 in Figs. 6 and 7. This tool is disposed vertically and is mounted on the tool standard 32 by means of an adapter 46, an eyebolt il, and a knurled nut 48. The adapter 46 is provided with a vertical V-groove 49 which receives the tool 45. The tool passes through the eye of the eyebolt 4'! and the shank of the eyebolt passes through the adapter 46 and the first tool-receiving opening 4!. The adapter 46 is shaped to fit the vertical V-groove 42 in the tool standard 32. Tightening of the nut 48 completes the assembly and serves to secure the tool 45 in position on the tool standard. This tool is provided with a special diamond point 50 which, as will be presently described, enables the tool to dress small contours that would be inaccessible to the diamond point on the tool 43. There is shown in broken lines in Fig. 7 one type of grinding element for the dressing of which the tool 45 would be desirable.

The rear portion of the upper plate 29 is cut out as at 5| to provide a rectangular opening. The sides of the plate 29 that border the opening are provided respectively with longitudinally extending grooves 52. As best shown in Fig. 3 each groove 52 may be formed by the addition to the block 29 of a removable bearing plate 52a. Countersunk cap screws 521) secure the bearing plates in place. These grooves serve to slidably mount a carrier block 53. A transverse member 54 is secured across the leg portions of the plate 29 that are formed by the opening 5!. This member is secured from below to the plate 29 by a plurality of countersunk cap screws 55, only one of which is shown in Fig. 2. The carrier block 53 is thus slidably mounted for adjustment toward and away from the tool standard 32. The adjusting means is best shown in Fig. 2.

The transverse member 54 is provided with a bore which receives and journals the intermediate shank portion 56 of a belt-adjusting member 51. The shank is extended and threaded as at 58, and extends loosely. into a coaxial bore 59 in the carrier block 53. A small plate 66 having a threaded opening to receive the threaded shank 58 of the adjusting member 5'! is secured by a pair of cap screws Bl to the rear face of the carrier block 53. The shank portion 56 further includes a shoulder 62 which abuts against the inner face of the transverse member 54, and an-adjusting knob 63 pinned or otherwise secured to the shank 56 is located outside the member 54 and serves as a means for rotating the adjusting member to adjust the position of the carrier block 53. A locking member in the form of a bolt 64 having a knurled head is mounted vertically in the transverse member 5% and serves to engage the shank 5B of the adjusting member 5? to secure the latter against rotation and thus to maintain the adjusted position of the block 53.

The block 53 is provided with a vertical bore that receives a vertical sleeve 65. The lower portion of the block is provided with an annular recess that receives a ball bearing 66. A second ball bearing Bl is mounted on the upper portion ofthe sleeve 65 and is recessed in the under side of a control member 68. This member includes a vertical shaft 69 that passes through the sleeve 85 and receives at its threaded lower end a knurled nut in and thrust washer l l. The under side of the control member 88 is provided with an annular portion surrounding the upper bearing 61 and provides a belt-engaging portion l2 similar to that provided on the tool standard 32. An endless belt 13 is trained about the beltengaging portions 4!] and 12 and provides means by which rotational movement of the control member 58 is transmitted to the tool standard 32 for moving the latter correspondingly rotationally.

As best shown in Figs. 1 and 4 the control member 68 is provided at its upper portion with a handle 14 by means of which an operator may easily rotate the control member angularly. The member 68 is further provided with a longitudinally extending opening 15 that receives a follower or guide member it. A set screw ll secures gigs follower it in position in the control member From the description thus far it will be seen that angular rotational movement of the control member 53 causes corresponding angular rotational movement of the tool standard 32. It is necessary to insure proper functioning of the unit that movement of these two members be properly synchronized and that the tool 18 and follower l6 bear a definite relation to each other. For this purpose the respective axes of rotation of the control member 88 and tool standard 32 have been selected as guides or indioes for locating the tool and the follower. From an examination of Fig. 2 it will be seen that the diamond point of the tool 43 is located on an extension of'the axis of the vertical shaft 3'! of the tool standard. Similarly the point of the follower i6 is located on an extension of the vertical axis of the shaft 59 of the control member 68. In the event that it is found desirable to adjust the tool 43 so that the diamond point thereof is ahead or behind the axis of the shaft 31 it will be necessary to make a corresponding adjustment of the follower 18.

As best shown in Fig. 1 the dressing unit is provided witha supporting frame structure generally indicated by the numeral 'lB. This frame includes a pair of vertically disposed supporting members 19 and 8B. The lower portion of each member is provided with an inwardly extending lug at that engages the respective transverse groove ill in the base plate 20.. Although this structure is shown in connection withvonly the vertical member 19,.it will be understood that the lower portion of the vertical member is similarly constructed. A cap screw 82 holds the member 19 in the position just described and ,a similar means is provided for mounting the member 89. The upper end. of the member 19 is provided with a transverse pin 83 to provide a hinged connection with a transverse frame mem: ber 84, the other end of which is removably secured as by the nut 85 to the upper portion of the vertical member 80. The verticalmembers l9 and 80, in addition to supportingthe trans,

verse frame member 84, serve also as means for limiting longitudinal, movement of the plates 25 and 29 with respect to, the base plate 28.

As best shown in Fig. 1 the transverse frame member 84 serves to carryv rigidly thereon a former plate or template 86. As best shown in Fig. 4 the template is mounted on the underside. of the transverse member 84 by means of a pair of cap screws 8'1. at each of its oppositesides with a locating lug 88 (Fig. 4) engageablewith a corresponding recess in a mounting block 89, each mounting block being secured by cap screws 98 or otherwise to the transverse bar or member 84. Each mounting block 88 is located onthe transverse member 84 by means of a locating pin 9!. The rear edge of the template or former plate 86 is con toured or patterned to correspond to the contour desired to be formed on the grinding element [3. The contour on the template is followed by the follower 15 of the control means and the movement of the tool 43 isthus guided in its dressing operation on the grinding element it.

The mounting of the tool 43 with respect to the vertical axis of the shaft 31 of the tool standard and its relation to the adjustment of the follower l'fi with respect of the axis of the vertical shaft 69, is similarly applicable to the mounting and location of the tool 45 (Fig. 6). In other words the diamond point 50 of the tool 45 is similarly located with respect to the vertical axis of the shaft 31 when this tool mounting is used.

In order that proper synchronization of movement may be insured between the control member 68, template 86, and tool 43, it is desirable that these parts occupy a specified position before the dressing operation is begun. For this purpose there is provided a gage means operable to align the tool 43 and control member 53. As best shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the rear side of the tool standard 32 is provided with a gaging portion 92 and an upper, forward portion of the control member 68 is provided with a complementary gaging portion or surface 93. When the tool standard 32 and control member 68 are properly synchronized in a central position the gaging surfaces 92 and 93 should be parallel. A gage, indicated generally by the numeral 94, is provided for the purpose of checking the parallelism of these surfaces and preferably comprises a first part 95 having a gaging edge 96 and a second part 97 having a gaging edge 98. The part Si carries, a vertical threaded stud 99 that passes through a slot Hill in the part 95 and receives a knurled nut llll for the purpose of adjustably securing the gage parts together. .Aspreviously stated The template 86 is provided.

the carrier block 53, and thus the control member 68, may be adjusted toward and away from the tool standard 32. This adjustment does not affect the synchronization of the control member 68 and tool standard 32 as long as the positions of the tool 43 and the follower it are not disturbed. It is still necessary that the gaging surfaces 92 and 93 remain parallel. Inasmuch as the spacing of the tool standard 32 and the control member 68 may be varied, it is desirable to accommodate this variation by means of the adjustable parts 95 and 91 of the gage $6. The gage 94 is, of course, removed after the positions of the tool standard 32 and control member 58 are established.

In the operation of the unit in the dressing of grinding elements or the like, the unit is mounted on a suitable support in which the grinding element is rotatably carried. Such a support is represented by the supporting structure it in Fig. 1. As previously stated the entire dressin tool may be mounted on or removed from such supporting structure as a unit. This unit includes the three plates 2%, 25, and 29, the frame structure 88, the tool standard 32, and the control member 68 and related parts. Inasmuch as the tool 32 is mounted on the plate 29 for movement therewith longitudinally of the element It and for angular rotational movement with respect to the plate 29, and since the plate 29 is mounted on the plate 25 for movement transversely of the axis of the element l3, the tool 63 is enabled to follow rather complex contours desired to be formed on the grinding element. The control member 6% enables the operator to move the plate 2t transversely across the plate 25 and the plate 25 longitudinally across the base plate 20 and in addition also serves to impart angular rotational movement to the tool standard 32. Because of the mounting of the plates on ball bearings and because of a similar journaling of the tool standard 32 and the control member 88, the tool standard has substantially free fioating movement, guided by the cooperation between the template 86 and follower 16 and limited longitudinally of the axis of rotation of the grinding element 23 by the vertical frame members it and 86. The foregoing features of operation remain the same whether the tool standard 32 carries the tool 13 or the tool $5. In the latter case, however, the tool is more easily adapted to follow small curves in the contour desired.

It will be understood that the foregoing description and accompanying drawings pertain to only a preferred embodiment of the invention and that the illustrated and described structure may be subject to various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element, in which the machine includes means for rotating the element on a longitudinal horizontal axis, the combination of a support, a first member, a tool-carrying member, means supporting the tool-carrying member on the first member and the first member on the support and arranging one of said members for movement longitudinally of the support and the other member transversely of the support, a tool standard including a belt-engaging portion, means mounting the tool standard on the tool-carrying member for movement with the members and includin a vertical pivot providing for angular movement of the tool standard with respect to said members, a control member including a beltengaging portion, means mounting the control member on the tool-carrying member whereby said first and tool-carrying members may be moved by the control member, said means including a vertical pivot providing for angular movement of the control member with respect to said first and tool-carrying members, a belt trained about the belt-engaging portions of the tool standard and the control member for imparting angular movement of the latter to the former, and a template formed according to the contour desired on the element for guiding the movement of the tool standard and members.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1, including means for adjusting the belt without varying the position of the tool standard.

3. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element, in which the machine includes means for rotating the element on a longitudinal horizontal axis, the combination of a support, a first member, a tool-carrying member, means supporting the tool-carrying member on the first member and the first member on the support and arranging one of said members for movement longitudinally of the support and the other member transversely of the support, a tool standard including a beltengaging portion, means mounting the tool standard on the tool-carrying member for movement with the members and including a vertical pivot permitting angular movement of the tool standard with respect to said members, a control member including a belt-engaging portion,

means mounting the control member on the toolcarrying member whereby said first and toolcarrying members may be moved by the control member, said means including a block slidable in the tool-carrying member toward and away from the tool standard, said block having a vertical pivot permitting angular movement of the control member with respect to the first and toolcarrying members, a belt trained about the beltengaging portions of the tool standard and the control member for imparting angular movement of the latter to the former, means for adjusting the position of the sliding block to tension the belt, and a template formed according to the contour desired on the element for guiding the movement of the tool standard and members.

4. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element, the combination of a support, a tool standard carried by the support for angular movement and including a gaging surface lying in a plane parallel to the axis of said angular movement and adapted to be disposed in a predetermined position when the tool standard is in a predetermined phase of its angular movement with respect to the aforesaid element, a control member carried by the support for angular movement about an axis parallel to the axis of angular movement of the tool standard, means operatively connecting the tool standard and the control member for imparting angular movement of the latter to the former, said control member including a gaging surface lying in a plane parallel to the axis of angular movement of the control member and adapted to be disposed in a plane parallel to the plane of the gaging surface of the tool standard when the tool standard and control member are properly synchronized in their angular movement, and gage means adapted to be interposed between the tool standard and control member and including parallel gaging portions respectively complementary to thegaging surfaces of the tool standard and control memberfor checking the proper synchronization of the tool standard and control member.

5. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a, rotatable element, thecombination of a support, a tool standard carried by the support for angular movement and including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in a predetermined position when the tool standard is in a predetermined phase of its angular movement with respeot to the aforesaid element, a control member carried by the support for angular movement, means operatively, connecting the tool standard and the control member for imparting angular movement of the latter tothe former, said control member including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in a predetermined relation to the gaging portion of the toollstandard when the tool standard and control member are properly synchronized in their angular movement, and gage means adaptedv to be interposed between the tool standard and control member and including gaging portions respectively complementary to the gaging portions of the tool standard and control member for checking the proper synchronization of the tool standard and control member.

6. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element, the combination of a support, a tool standard carried by the support for angular movement and including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in a predetermined position when the tool standard is in a prede- Q termined phase of its angular movement with respect to the aforesaid element, a control member carried by the support for movement with respect thereto, means operatively connecting the tool standard and the control member for imparting movement of the latter to the former, said control member including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in a predetermined rela-- tion to the gaging portion of the tool standard when the tool standard and control member are properly synchronized in theirimovement, and gage means adapted to be interposed between the tool standard and control member and including gaging portions respectively complementary to the gaging portions .of the tool standard and control member for checking the proper synchronization of the tool standard and control member.

7. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element, the combination of a support, a tool standard carried by the support for angular movement and including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in a predetermined position when the tool standard is in a predetermined phase of its angular movement with respect to the aforesaid element, a supporting member carried by and adjustably positionable on the support, a control member carried by the adjustable member f or angular movement, means operatively connecting the tool standard and control member for imparting angular movement of the latter to the former, said control member including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in a predetermined relation to the gaging portion of the tool standard when said parts are properly synchronized in a predetermined phase of their an ular movement, andgage means adapted to be interposed between the tool standard and control member and including gaging portions respectively complementary to the gaging portions of the tool standard and control member for check- '10 ing the proper synchronization of the tool standard and control member, said gage means including an adjustment to compensate for adjustment of the aforesaid support member with respect to the tool standard.

8. A machine tool comprising a horizontal base, a horizontal lower plate above and parallel to the base, a horizontal upper plate above and parallel to the lower plate, means carrying the upper plate on the lower plate for reciprocation across the lower plate, means carrying the lower plate on the base for reciprocation across the base generally at right angles to the relative reciprocation of the upper and lower plates, a frame comprising an inverted U embracing the upper and lower plates and having its legs disposed vertically at and secured respectively to opposite sides of the base and having its bight portion extending across the upper plate, a tool standard carried by the upper plate at one side of the bight portion of the U (for angular movement about a vertical pivot, a control member carried by the upper plate at the other side of the bight portion of the U for angular movement about a vertical pivot, means connecting the control member and tool standard for conjoint angular movement, a template carried by the bight portion of the U, and means carried by the control member and engageable with the template to enable the control member, and consequently the upper and lower plates and the tool standard to be moved according to the pattern of the template.

9. A machine tool comprising a horizontalbase, a horizontal lower plate above and parallel to the base, a horizontal upper plate above and parallel to the lower plate, means carrying the upper plate on the lower plate for reciprocation across the lower plate, means carrying the lower plate on the base for reciprocation across the base generally at right angles to the relative reciprocation of the upper and lower plates, a supporting member secured to the base and having a portion extending over the upper plate, a tool standard carried by the upper plate on a vertical pivot, a control member carried by the upper plate on a vertical pivot, means connecting the tool standard and control member for conjoint pivotal movement, and a template carried by the aforesaid extending portion of the supporting member and engageable by the control member for guiding movement of the control member, and consequently the upper and lower plate and tool standard, according to the pattern of the template.

10. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element in which the machine includes means for rotating the element on a horizontal axis, the combination of a support, a tool-carrying plate carried by the support for movement both longitudinally and transversely of the axis of rotation of the element, a tool standard, means mounting the tool standard on the piate and including a vertical pivot providing for angular movement of the tool standard with respect to the plate, a tool adjustably carried by the tool standard, said tool being normally ad- .iusted to a predetermined position with respect to the pivot axis of the tool standard, a control member, means mounting the control member on the toolcarrying plate and including a vertical pivot spaced from the pivot of the tool standard and providing for angular movement of the control member with respect to the plate, means connecting the tool standard and the control member for conjoint angular movement, a template carried by the support, an index member adjustably carried by the control member and engageable with the template, said index member being normally adjusted to a predetermined position, with respect to the pivot of the control member, corresponding to the aforesaid predeterminded position of the tool,

11. A machine tool comprising a horizontal base, a horizontal lower plate above and parallel to the base, a horizontal upper plate above and parallel to the lower plate, means carrying the upper plate on the lower plate for reciprocation across the lower plate, means carrying the lower plate on the base for reciprocation across the base generally at right angles to the relative reciprocation of the upper and lower plates, a toolcarrying member carried by the upper plate and having a belt-engaging portion and a pivot providing for angular movement of said member with respect to the upper plate, a block slidably and adjustably carried by the upper plate, a control member carried by the block and including a beltengaging portion and a pivot providing for angular movement of said member with respect to the block, a belt trained about the belt-engaging portions of the members for connecting the members for conjoint angular movement, and template means carried by the base and engaging one of said members to guide the movement of said members and the upper and lower plates according to the pattern of the template.

12. A machine tool comprising a horizontal base, a horizontal lower plate above and parallel to the base, a horizontal upper plate above and parallel to the lower plate, means carrying the upper plate on the lower plate for reciprocation across the lower plate, means carrying the lower plate on the base for reciprocation across the base generally at right angles to the relative reciprocation of the upper and lower plates, a tool-carrying member carried by the upper plate and including a belt-engaging portion and a pivot to provide for angular movement of said memher with respect to the upper plate, a control member carried by the upper plate and including a belt-engaging portion and a pivot to provide for angular movement of the control member with respect to the upper plate, means including an endless belt trained about the belt-engaging portions of the members and connecting the members for conjoint angular movement, and template means carried by the base and engaging one of said. members to guide the movement of said members and the upper and lower plates according to the pattern of the template means.

13. A machine tool comprising a horizontal base, a horizontal lower plate above and parallel to the base, a horizontal upper plate above and parallel to the lower plate, means carrying the upper plate on the lower plate for reciprocation. across the lower plate, means carrying the lower plate on the base for reciprocation across the base generally at right angles to the relative reciprocation of the upper and lower plates, a tool-carrying member carried by the upper plate and including a pivot to provide for angular movement of said member with respect to the upper plate, a control member carried by the upper plate and including a pivot to provide for angular movement of the control member with respect to the upper plate, means connecting the members for conjoint angular movement, and template means carried by the base and engaging one of said members to guide the movement of said members and the upper and lower plates according to the pattern of the template means.

14. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element, in which the machine includes means for rotating the element on a longitudinal horizontal axis, the combination of a support, a pair of complementary tool-carrying members arranged one above the other on the support for movement transversely and longitudinally relative to each other and to the support, a contouring tool, means mounting the tool on one of said members to move longitudinally and transversely with said members, said means including a pivot mounting the tool for angular movement with respect to said members, a control member, means mounting the control member on the said one of the tool-carrying members whereby the tool-carrying members may be moved by the control member, said means including a pivot mounting the control member for angular movement with respect to the tool-carrying members, means connecting the control member and tool for conjoint angular movement, a template carried by the support and formed according to the contour desired on the element, and

guide means on the control member coacting with the template for enabling the tool to follow the template.

15. In a, machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element, in which the machine includes means for rotating the element, the combination of a support, a contouring tool, a beltengaging member connected to the tool, means mounting the tool on the support for movement longitudinally and transversely of the axis of rotation of the element and including a pivot to provide in addition for angular movement of the tool, control means on the same portion of the support as the tool for identic motion there'- with longitudinally and transversely and including a belt-engaging member pivoted for angular movement, a belt trained about the belt-engaging members, and directly connecting them, and a template on the support, stationary with respect to the tool and control means, and formed according to the contour desired on the element for guiding the tool.

16. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element, in which the machine includes means for rotating the element, the combination of a support, a tool standard, a contouring tool, means carrying the tool on the standard and including an adjustment for positioning the tool transversely of the axis of rotation of the element, a belt-engaging member connected to the tool standard, means mounting the tool standard on the support for movement longitudinally and transversely of the axis of rotation of the element and including a pivot to provide in addition for angular movement of the tool standard, control means for moving the tool standard longitudinally and transversely and including a belt-engaging member pivoted for angular movement, a belt trained about the beltengaging members, means for tensioning the belt independently of adjustment of' the tool with respect to the tool standard, and means including a template formed according to the contour desired on the element for guiding the tool and tool standard.

17. For a machine of the character described having a support, a tool standard carried by the support for relative angular movement and having a gaging portion, a control member carried by the support for relative angular movement and having a casing portion, and means operati'vely connecting the control member and the tool standard for imparting angular movement of the former to the latter, a gage adapted for arrangement between the tool standard and control member and having a pair of gaging portions respectively complementary to the gaging portions of the tool standard and control member for accurately positioning the tool standard and control member in a predetermined relation to each other.

18. For a machine of the character described having a support, a tool standard pivoted on a vertical axis on the support and including a, gaging portion adapted to be disposed in a certain position when the tool standard is moved angularly to a predetermined position with respect to the support, a control member pivoted on a vertical axis on the support and including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in a predetermined relation to the gaging portion of the tool standard, and means connected between the con- 14 trol member and tool standard for imparting angular movement of the former to the latter, a gage having a pair of gaging portions respectively engageable with the aforesaid gaging portions to accurately dispose the aforesaid gaging portions in the predetermined relationship.

OSCAR M. BRAATEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,959,271 Bucknam Apr. 15, 1913 2,938,455 Studer Apr. 21, 1936 2,056,149 Griffing Sept. 29, 1936 2,292,957 Meeson et a1 Aug. 11, 1942 2,313,055 De Vlieg Mar. 9, 1943 2,324,942 Meeson et al. July 20, 1943 2,325,334 Meeson July 27, 1943

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