US2456690A - Fluid-pressure-operated mechanism - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 21, 1948. F. c. EASTMAN FLUID-PRESSURE-OPERATED MECHANISM a Shefs-Sheet 1 Original Filed Aug. 28, 1942 Inventor Fred C Fasi'ma/n Dec. 21-, 194sl F, ASTMAN 2,456,690

FLUIDPRES SURE-OPERATED MECHANISM Original Filed Aug. 28, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig.5,

Patented Dec. 21, 1948 FLUID-PRESSURE-OPERATED MECHANISM Fred C. Eastman, Marblehead, Mass, assignor to United Shoe Machinery Corporation, Flemington, N. J a corporation of New Jersey Original application August 28, 1942, Serial No.

456,564, now Patent No. 2,436,424, dated February 24, 1948.

Divided and this application November 4, 1944, Serial No. 561,918

7 Claims.

This invention relates to fluid-pressure-opcrated mechanisms and is illustrated as applied to a machine for setting the fuses of shells. It should be understood, however, that in its broader aspects the invention is not so limited but is applicable to machines for operating on other types of work pieces. This application is a division of application for Letters Patent of the United States, Serial No. 456,564, filed August 28, 1942, in my name, now Patent No. 2,436,424.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved arrangement of a pair of fluid-pressureoperated motors and mechanism whereby pressure fluid is directed automatically to said motors in a manner to cause sequential operation thereof. To this end and in accordance with a feature of the invention the movable element of one of the motors has a passageway therethrough providing communication for the fluid under pressure to the second motor. The flow of fluid under pressure through the passageway is controlled by a fluid-pressure-operated valve which does not permit flow through the passageway until the fluid pressure, acting against the first motor, reaches a predetermined value obtained only after the motor has operated to perform its intended function.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved fluid-pressure-operated mechanism connected to a member to be driven thereby, and automatic control means for the fluid-pressure operated mechanism whereby the driven member is first moved rectilinearly and then rotated. This is accomplished in accordance with a further feature of the invention by providing a motor comprising a fluid-pressure-operated piston which carries the driven member for rectilinear movement, the driven member being connected to a rotary fiuid-pressure-operated motor movable with the piston for imparting rotary movement to the driven member. A passageway through the piston provides communication with the rotary motor, the passageway being controlled by a fluid-pressure-operated valve arranged to remain closed until the pressure against the piston reaches a predetermined value. In accordance with a further feature of the invention the rotary motor drives a control member which acts on the valve to close it after a predetermined amount of rotation of the driven member, the closing of the valve causing simultaneous stopping of the operation of the rotary motor.

The above and other features of the invention, including novel details of construction and combinations of parts, will now be more particularly described by reference to the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation of a machine in which the invention is embodied; 1

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion of the machine shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the portion of the machine shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a Vertical longitudinal section through the machine on a larger scale than Figs. 1 to 3;

Fig. 5 is a schematic view, partly in section, of the portion of the machine shown in Fig. 2;

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are sectional views through the main control valve of the machine, showing the valve in different positions;

Figs. 9 and 10 are sectional views through another valve, showing it in two diiferent positions; and

Fig. 11 is a vertical section through the workengaging portion of the machine, illustrating a shell in operative relation thereto.

The invention is herein illustrated as embodied in a fuse setter I0 (Fig. 1) suitably mounted on the breech end of a gun I2. The shells to be supplied to the gun may becarried by a suitable magazine M from which they are transferred successively into fuse-setting position and then into ramming position by a transfer tray [6. This tray is secured by a depending arm Hi to a pair of links 20. and 22. The link 22 is journaled ona lateral extension of a trunnion 24 by which the gun is supported and the link 26 is connected by a link 26 to the trunnion. A duplicate set of links (not shown) may be provided at the opposite'side of the gun better to support the tray. A rod 28 connected to the link 22 serves to raise and lower the link. thereby to move the transfer tray verti cally. The rod 28 may be manually operated or may be power operated by suitable mechanism (not shown). The tray is movable upwardly from the position illustrated to receive a shell from the magazine l4, after which it is lowered to carry the shell into position to have its fuse set by the mechanism l0. At the conclusion of the fuse-setting operation, the tray is lowered still further to [carry the shell into alinement with the breech of the gun, whereupon a rammer30 forces the shell into the breech.

The fuse-setting mechanism l0 comprises a plurality of knives 32 (one of which is shown in Fig. 4) which are preferably three in number and are arranged to engage the fuse'ring F of a shell S at points spaced approximately apart,

Each knife 32 is formed at the end of a lever 34 pivoted at 36 between spaced ears 38 projecting outwardly from a rotatable support 40. Surrounding the inner ends of the levers is a spring 42 urging the levers in a direction to move the knives 32 outwardly of the support. A plunger 44 is normally maintained in the position shown in Fig, 4 to hold the inner ends of the levers 34 separated against the force of the spring 42f thereby maintaining the knives 32 in operative positions. The support 40 is rotatable within a housin 46 so that it may be turned relatively to the housing after the knives are in engagement spring-pressed check valve 96 which prevents escape offiuid' from thevalvechamber until the pres'surehas reached a predetermined amount,

1 and thence to a fluid reservoir (not shown) by way of a pipe 97. The rearward end of the valve member 84 is formed as a piston 98 which is sub: jected, during the operation of the machine, to pressure on" its rearward side to cause the valve to move to the left from the position shown in with the fuse ring F, thereby to turn the fuse ring in bosses 50 formed in the forward end'of the housing 46 and are movable toward the shell to grip it rearwardly of the fuse ring, as illustrated in Fig. 11. Bellcrank levers 52 pivoted between ears 54 on the housing 46 engage the outer ends of the pins for moving them inwardly into engagement with the shell. These levers are connected by links 59 to pistons 58 slidable in cylinders 60 formed in the housing 46 so that upon the introduction of fluid .under pressure in the cylinders behind the pistons the pins. are moved into gripping relationship with the shell. The pins'4'8 are provided with heads GI which prevent the pins from dropping from the bosses 553 when .no shell is being operated upon.

The housing 46 is movable lengthwise of the shell positioned in front of it to carry the knives 32 .into engagement with the fuse ring, as shown in Fig. 11. For this purpose the housing is secured by arms 62, 63 (Figs.2'.and 3) to rods 64,66 movable lengthwise of the gun. The forward ends of the rods are supported for sliding movement in a frame member 68 which is in turn secured to bars carried by-the breech end of the gun. The rearward ends of the rods 64, .66 are formed. as pistons l2, 14 (Fig, 5) .slidable in cylinders l5, 18. These cylinders are formed in a frame member 80 which is also secured to the bars 10. Upon the introduction of fluid under pressure in the cylinders l6, l8 behind the pistons 12, 14, the rods 64; 66 carrying the arms 62, -63 are moved in a direction to carry the housing 46 and the support 40 for the knives toward .the shell S until the knives are forced into engagement with the fuse ring F. as shown-in Fig. 11. The pins 48 are then moved into engagement with the shell back of the fuse ring, as will be described, to hold the :shell against rotative movement after which the support 40, and withit the knives 32, is rotated a predetermined amount to set the fuse. After the fuse has been properly set, the turning movement of the support 40 is interrupted and the plunger 44 is retracted to permit the knives.32 to be moved by the spri-ng42 outwardly of the support 48 and out of engagement with the fuse ring. The levers 52, acting on the pins 4.8 are then operated to release the force exerted by the pins -48- on the shell, after which the housing 46 is moved back to its initialposition so that the shell with the fuse properly set may be moved by the tray 16 into ramming position.

The cycle of operations is controlled, atleast partly, by .a main control valve mechanism 82 (Figs. 5 to .8) associated with the cylinder 16. This control mechanism comprises a slide valve :member 84 which includes akpair of valve elements st nd 88 slidable within a valve chamber For holding the shell against Fig, 6 in a step-by-step manner. Passageways 99 and It!!! formed in the wall I 0! between the valve chamber and the cylinder 16 provide communication between the valve chamber and opposite ends-of the cylinder. Valve member 84 is formed with a passageway I02 providing communication between the outer sides of the valve elements 8% and 88. The valve member 84 includes a valve stem IE4 which extends through the forward wall of the valve chamber and to the outer end of which is secured a finger I06 having a surface arranged to slide in contact with an adjacent surface of thecylinder 16. For restraining movement of the valve member from the position shown in Fig. 6 under the influence or pressure exerted on the rearward surface of the piston, 98, a latch tilt is provided. This latch is pivoted at Ill! between ears I l 'I on the exterior wall of the valve housing and is urged by a spring I !2 toward the finger I06. Notches H4 and III; are formed in the latch to receive sequentially the upper end of the finger I06. The latch thus holds the valve member in the position shown in Fig. 6 until the pressure exerted behind the piston 98 is suflicient to move the latch upwardly against the force of the spring I-I2, whereupon the valve member will moveto the left until the finger I06 seats Within the notch IIB, as-shown in Fig. '7. The valve member will remain in this position until the pressure on the piston 98 increases to a value which is sufl'icient to move the latch farther upwardly against the increased resistance of the spring I I2, whereupon the valve member will move to the position shown in Fig. 8.

With the valve member 84 in the position shown in Fig; 5, both the passageways 99 and I 00 are closed by the valve elements 86 and 88 respectively and the machine is at rest. Provision is made for moving the valve member from the position of Fig. 5 into the position shown in Fig. 6. For

this purpose a rod I24 located in front of the finger )8 on the valve stem M34 is supported for lengthwise movement in bosses I22, I24- (Fig. 2) proiecting upwardly from the cylinder I6 and the frame member 68 respectively. Pivoted to the upper surface of the frame member 68 is a lever 526 having an end-engageable'with the adjacent endof the rod I20. The other end of this lever is connected by a link 123 (Fig. 4) to a lever I30 pivoted at I 32 on the frame member 68. The lower'end of thelever I30 is bent at I34 to be engaged by-the nose ofa shell as it is moved downwardly by the transfer tray I6 into the fusesetting position. As this shell is thus moved downwardly, the lever I30 is moved in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 4, and acts through the link 128 and the lever I26 to move the rod 124 in the direction to move the valve member from the position of Fig. 5 to the position shown in Fig. 6. The valve member is maintained inthe-position shown in Fig. ".5 when the machine is at rest by the latch "I08, which acts on the finger to maintain it in engagement with a screw I36, carried by an extension I38 of one of the arms 63. 1

Upon movement of the valve member to the position shown in Fig. 6 in response to movement of a shell into fuse-setting position, the passageways 99 and I80 are uncovered and fluid under pressure flows through the passageway I into the cylinder I6 behind the piston I2. Pipes I40 and I42 connect the cylinders I6 and I8 together at their two ends so that the fluid under pressure also flows through the pipe I40 into the cylinder I8 behind the piston I4. The pistons now move to the left to move the housing 46 toward the shell S and to force the knives 32 against the fuse ring F. Durin this movement of the pistons, the fluid in the left-hand end of the cylinders exhausts through the passageway 99, the passageway I02 in the valve member and the outlet port 94. The passageway I80 between the valve chamber and the cylinder 76 also communicates by way of a port I4I with the valve chamber behind the piston 98. After the pistons have moved sufficiently to force the knives 32 into contact with the fuse ring F, the pressure of the operating fluid will increase and will act on the valve piston 98 to overcome the holding effect of the latch I08, thereby moving the valve into the position shown in Fig. 7. With the valve member in this position, the passageway 99 is closed by the valve element 86 so that the fluid in front of the pistons I2 and I4 is trapped and the pistons stall thereby limiting the force exerted by the knives on the fuse ring.

The piston I2 and rod 64 are provided with a passageway I44 (Fig. 5) which opens into the right-hand end of the cylinder I6 and the other end of the passageway is connected by a pipe I46 with a valve chamber I48 of a control valve I58. This valve chamber is formed in the housing 46, as shown in Fig. 4, and a passageway I52 provides communication with one of the cylinders 68 behind the piston 58 therein. Pipes I54 provide communication between the cylinder 68 of Fig. 4 and the other cylinders 60 so that upon the introduction of fluid under pressure into the cylinder shown in this figure, all the pistons 58 will be operated to move the pins 48 into locking engagement with the shell. The valve I50 comprises a valve member I56 which includes a pair of valve elements I58 and I68. The valve member is maintained in the position shown in Fig. 5 when the machine is at rest by a spring I62 acting through a bell-crank lever I64 on the valve stem I66. The spring I62 is adjustably supported by a screw I68 threaded in a wall I69 of the housing 46. When the valve member I58 is in the position shown in Fig. 5, the passageway I52 is closed by the valve member I58 to fluid under pressure in the pipe I46. The fluid under pressure behind the piston 12 acts through the passageway therein and the pipe I46 on the valve member I58 to move the valve member against the force of the spring I62 after the pressure reaches a value determined by the setting of the spring I62. The pressure reaches this value only after the valve member 84 has been moved from the position of Fig. 6 into the position of Fig. "I, whereupon the valve member I56 moves into the position of Fig. 9 permittin flow of fluid under pressure into the cylinders 68 to move the pistons 58 outwardly thereof whereupon the pins 48 are moved into engagement with the shell to lock it against rotation.

In order that the knives 32 will exert sufficient gripping force on the fuse ring F for the purpose in view, it is preferable to force them by the movement of the pistons I2 and 14 into engagement with the fuse ring under considerable pressure, the shell being supported against rearward movementat this time by a stop II8 (Fig. 1) carried by the loading tray I6. It is desirable that the pressure on the fuse ring be decreased somewhat before it is turned to prevent binding of the fuse ring against the adjacent surface of the shell. For this purpose, fluid under pressure is admitted to the left-hand sides of the pistons I2 and I4. In the rod 66 of the piston I4 is provided a passageway I12, one end of which communicates with the cylinder I8 at the left of the piston (Fig. 5). The other end of this passageway communicates with one of the cylinders 68 (Fig. 5) through a pipe II4, a check valve I16 and a pipe II8. After the valve member I56 has been moved into the position of Fig. 9, causing the pins 48 to be moved into locking engagement with the shell, fluid under pressure flows through the pipe II8, check valve I16 and pipe II4 into the passageway II2 of the piston rod 66 and into the cylinder I8 to the left of the piston I4. The fluid also flows from the cylinder I8 through the pipe I42 into the cylinder I6 to the left of the piston I2. While it will be evident that the operating fluid acting on opposite sides of the pistons I2, I4 is under the same pressure per unit area, the effective areas of the pistons on their righthand sides is greater than on their opposite, or left-hand sides, so that the effect of admitting pressure to the left-hand side of the pistons is to decrease the force exerted on the knives 32 to hold them in engagement with the fuse ring F with the result that the pressure of the knives on the fuse ring is reduced sufiiciently to avoid any binding of the fuse ring such as might tend to prevent it from being turned freely relatively to other parts of the shell in the subsequent fusesetting operation.

For turning the support 48 carrying the knives 32, thereby to set the fuse, a fluid-pressure motor I is provided. This is a rotary vane-type motor comprising a vane I82 keyed to a reduced portion I84 of the knives support 40 and rotatable within a cylindrical chamber I86 formed in the housing 46. The chamber I86 is provided with a wall I88 (Fig. 5) which extends radially inward to the hub of the Vane I82. Ports I80 and I92 provide communication between the valve chamber I48 and the motor chamber I86 at opposite sides of the wall I88. A stop I94 in the chamber I86 prevents movement of the vane I82 to a position in which it would act to close the port I98. With the Valve member I56 in the position shown in Fig. 9, fluid under pressure flows from the valve chamber I48 through the port I88 into the motor chamber I86 between the wall I88 and the vane I82, thereby causing movement of the vane in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 5). This rotative movement of the vane causes the support 40 carrying the knives 32 to turn, thereby turning the fuse ring F relatively to the shell S. The fluid within the motor chamber I86 exhausts through the port I92 and a port I96 in the valve chamber I48 which communicates with the fluid reservoir.

After the fuse ring has been turned through the desired angle to obtain the desired fuse setting, the pressure exerted on the vane I82 of the motor I80 is automatically cut off by movement of the valve member I56 from the position of Fig. 9 upwardly into the position shown in Fig. 10. In this position, the valve element I58 closes J the port I90 and the valve element I60 closes the port I92 so that the fluid within the motor is trapped and the motor comes to-rest as soon as the valve member I56 is moved into the position of Fig. 10. For thus moving the valve into this po v sition, the bell-crank lever I M acting on'the valve stem I66 is actuated at a predetermined'time by the motor I89. Carried by the end of the reduced portion I84 of the support Mi is a bracket 200 in which is pivoted a bell-crank lever 202. -One arm of this bell-crank lever has a forked end 294 received between collars 206 and 208 (Fig. 4) carried by a rod 2|!l extending axially through the support to. This rod carries the plunger '44 by which the knives 32 are held in engagement" with the fuse ring against the force exerted by the spring Q2. The other arm of the bell-crank lever 2&2 carries a cam roll 2H1 which rides in contact with an adjustable cam '2I2 during the rotation of the support an. The bell-crank lever I64 which is in engagement with the lower end of the valve stem I66 is connected by a link 2'I4 to a crank arm 2N1 secured to a rockshaft 2JI8 journaled in a housing 220 (Fig. 4) secured by screws 222 to the housing 46. Carried by the rockshaft 2I8 is an upwardly extending arm 22 having a forked end embracing the rod 2H! to the right of the collar 208. When the machine is in the starting position, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the upper end of the arm 224 is spaced from the collar 20B sufiiciently so that it will just move into engagement with the collar when the valve member I55 is moved into the position of Fig. 9. As the support Gil is turned by the motor I80, the cam roll 2 ill moves around the surface of the cam 2I2 and eventually rides up on a high surface 226 of the cam, thus pivoting the bell-crank lever 292 in a counterclockwise direction, as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. This movement of the bell-crank lever moves the rod 2 I 0 to the right, the collar 208 acting on the arm 224 secured to the shaft 2I8 to rock the shaft in a clockwise direction. -This motion of the shaft acts through the arm 2H5, link 2M and bell-crank lever IM .to move the valve I56 upwardly against the force of the fluid under pressure acting downwardly thereon so that the valve moves into the position shown in in Fig. 10 which immediately interrupts the. operation of the motor I86, whereupon the support 38 stops turning. The movement of the rod .2!!! carrying the plunger 44 to the right "causes the plunger to be moved out of operative engagement with the levers 34 on which the fuse-setting knives are carried so'that the spring '42 is effective to move the knives out of engagement with the fuse ring simultaneously with the stopping of the motor ISIS.

For varying the fuse-setting time, the camfizI'Z is arranged to be adjusted to vary the angular motion required by the vane I82 to move "the cam roll 2m to the high point 226 of the cam. The cam is provided with -a hub 230 journaled in the housing 229 (Fig. 4) and'extendi-ng into a gear housing 232 which is secured by a bracket 234 to the housing 229. Keyed to thehub 230 of the cam 2I2'is a pinion 238 which meshes .with a pinion 233 secured to a shaft 2% journaledin the upper part of the housing 232, and this shaft is suitably connected with a remote control device 2.52 by which the shaft 2% may be turned :a pre determined amount of rotation :of a control handie 24 of the control member .242.

With the valve member I56 in the position shown in Fig. 10, the fuse is properly set and the knives 32 have been withdrawn from the fuse ring r F so that the housing 46 may now be moved away fromthe shell back into its initialposition. The pressure of the fluid behind the pistons 12 and '14 now increases, inasmuchas the flow through the passageway I44 in the rod 64 and the pipe I46 is cut oif by the valve member I56 which is locked for the time being in the position shown in Fig. 10. Accordingly, the pressure which also acts on the piston 98 of the valve member 84 increases sufficiently to move the valve member once more to theleft against the holding force of the latch I08.

The valve is thus moved toward the left until the finger I06 carried by the valve stem I04 is moved beyond the lowest portion of the latch, whereupon the latch urged downwardly by the spring I I2 acts through the surface 250 to move -thevalve still farther to the left until the finger I06 engages the rod I28, as shownin Fig. 8. Fluid under pressure now flows from the pipe '92 through the Valve chamber and passageway 99 into the cylinder 16 to the left of the piston "I2 and through the pipe M2 into the cylinder I8 on the same side of "the piston M. The fluid on the right-hand side of the pistons exhausts through the passageway I00 between the valve element 88 and the piston ,88 past the check valve 96 back to the fluid reservoir.

The valve 96 does not open to permit exhaust of fluid until the pressure on the right-hand side of the pistons has increased to a predetermined amount. This pressure is effective through the passageway I 44 of the piston 72 and pipe I46 on the valve member .I 56 but is not sufiicient to prevent movement of the valve by the spring I62 back to the position of Fig, 5. The fluid under pressure, however, flows through a passageway 252 which passes downwardly through the valve member Ifidand opens into the space below the valve element I65. This passageway provides communication with the .port I92 thereby to move the vane I82 back to its initial position, the fluid on the other side of the vane exhausting through port I90 and the port I96 back to the fluid reservoir.

The pistons 12 and I4 are now moved to the right, thus moving the housing 46 back to .its initial position. During the return movement of'the housing, the screw I36 on the arm I38 of the housing acts on thefinger Hit of the valve .84 to move the valve to the right until it reaches the position shown in Fig. 5 which is the rest position of the machine. As soon as this position is reached, the. valve elements 86 and 88 close off the passageways 99 and Ifiil, whereupon the machine immediately comes to rest. During this return movement, the knives 32 are reset, by movement of the plunger 44, into the position .of Fig. 4. For thus moving the plunger, the rod 2Ill on which the plunger is carried extends beyond the gear housing 232 and engages the frame member 88 during .the return movement of the housing 46. This causes movement of therod 24,0 to the left, whereupon the member 44 moves into position between the adjacent ends of the levers 34 to move the knives 32 again into opera.- tive positions.

In the event that the pressure acting on the vane I82 of the motor I80 during the return movements-of the parts is insufficient to move the vane #82 back to its starting position, this move-- mentwill takeplace immediately at the beginning of "the next fuse setting operation. The fluid Lmderpressure will act through the passageway I44 of the piston rod 6A, the pipe.,l4:6,- passageway 25.2 of the valve member-l 5.61 and the port :4 92Jto exert zsufiicient: pressure against the vane, :to area 9 Y turn it and hold it in its starting position until the valve member I56 is moved to the position of Fig. 9. Normally, however, the back pressure set up by the check valve 96 in the discharge line will be sufiicient to cause this return movement of the vane I82.

With the machine at rest, the parts will be in the positions shown in Fig. 5. Upon movement of a shell from the magazine I4 (Fig.1) into fuse-setting position by the tray I 6. the nose of the shell strikes the lower end I34 of the.

lever I30 (Fig. 4) which acts through the link I28 and the lever I26 to move the rod I20 (Fig. 5) to the right, which in turn causes movement of the valve member 84 into the position of Fig. 6. Fluid under pressure now flows into the cylinders I6 and I8 back of the pistons I2 and I4 to move the pistons to the left, which moves the housing 46 carried by the piston rods toward the shell. The knives 32 carried by the support 40 rotatable in the housing will thus be moved into engagement with the fuse ring F. After the knives have properly engaged the fuse ring, pressure to the right of the pistons l2 and I4 increasesand acts on the valve piston 98 to move the valve member 84 into the position of Fig. '7 which traps the fluid to the left of the pistons I2 and I4 thus arresting movement of the housing 46. The fluidpressure now acts on the valve member I 56 tomove it into the position of Fig. 9 in which thefluid under pressure is effective to move the locking pins 48 into engagement with the shell back of the fuse ring to prevent rotative movement of the shell as the fuse is set. acts on the pistons 12 and I4 to reduce the pressure of the knives on the fuse ring thereby eliminating possibilityof binding ofthe fuse ring as it is turned. At the same time, the fluid under pressure acts on the vane I82 of the motor I Bil, starting rotation of the motor and turning of the fuse ring F. When the fuse ring has turned a predetermined amount, as determined by the setting of the cam 2I2, the valve member I56 is moved upwardly to the position of Fig. 10,

thus trapping the fluid on both sides of the vane I32 and immediately stopping its rotation. At the same time the plunger 44 is moved to the left, thus permitting the knives 32 to be moved by the spring 42 out of engagement with the fuse ring. The valve member 84 is again moved to the left by the increase in pressure on the piston 98 until it assumes the position shown in Fig. 8, whereupon fluid under pressure flows into the cylinders I6 and I8 to the left of the pistons 72 and M to move them and the housing 46 back to their initial positions. The vane I82 of the motor I86 is also returned at this time and after the housing has moved sufficient to the right, the knives 32 are reset by engagement of the rod 2H! with the frame member 80, and the screw I35 carried with the housing returns the valve member 84 to the position of Fig. 5, whereupon the machine comes to rest. The transfer tray I6 may now be operated to move the shell into alinement with the breech of the gun, whereupon the shell is rammed and the gun is fired by suitable mechanism (not shown).

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a fluid-pressure-operated mechanism, a first fluid-pressure-operated motor comprising a cylinder and a piston movable therein, a rotary fluid-pressure-operated motor, means mounting The fluid underpressure also said rotary motor for movement with said piston,

means for directing fluid under pressure to said first motor, a passageway through the piston of the first motor for directing fluid under pressure to the rotary motor, a normally closed valve opened in response to a predetermined pressure in said passageway to direct fluid from said passageway to the rotary motor, and means operative after a movement of predetermined extent in one direction only has been imparted to the movable element of the rotary motor for closing said valve to interrupt the flow of fluid to said rotary motor.

2. In a fluid-pressure-operated mechanism, a first fiuid-pressure-operated motor comprising a cylinder anda piston movable therein, a rotary fluid-pressure-operated motor, means mounting said rotary motor for movement with said piston,

: means for directing fluid. under pressure to said first motor, a passageway through the piston of the first motor for directing fluid under pressure to the rotary motor, a normally closed valve opened in response to a predetermined pressure in said passageway to direct fluid from said passageway to the rotary motor, means operative after a movement of predetermined extent in one direction only has been imparted to the movable element of the rotary motor for closing said valve to interrupt the flow of fluid to said rotary motor, and means for adjusting the operation of said last-named means to vary the extent o-f movement of the movable element of said rotary motor.

3. In a fluid-pressure-operated mechanism, a first 'fluid-pressure-operated motor comprising a cylinder and a piston movable therein, a rotary fluid-pressure operated motor, means mounting said rotary motor for movement with said piston, means for directing fluid under pressure to said first motor, a passageway through the piston of the first motor for directing fluid under pressure to the rotary motor, a normally closed valve opened in response to a predetermined pressure in said passageway to direct fluid from said passageway to the rotary motor, means operative after a predetermined movement of the movable element of the rotary motor for closing said valve to interrupt the flow of fluid under pressure to said rotary motor, and a reversing valve in control of the flow of fluid under pressure to said first motor, said reversing valve being movable into position to reverse the direction of the flow of fluid to the first motor in response to pressure rise resulting from movement of the first-named valve into position to interrupt the flow of fluid to the rotary motor.

4. In a fluid-pressur-e-operated mechanism, a driven member, a fluid-pressure-operated piston to which said member is connected for rectilinear movement, a rotary fluid-pressure-operated motor movable with said piston and connected to said member for imparting rotary movement thereto, means for directing fluid under pressure to said piston for moving said member rectilinearly, a passageway through said piston communicating with said rotary motor, a fluidpressure-operated valve in control of the flow of fluid through said passageway for preventing operation of said rotary motor until the driven member has been moved rectilinearly and encounters resistance to further movement, and means operated by said rotary motor for closing said valve after said driven member has been turned a predetermined amount in one direction only.

5. In a fiuid-pressure-operated mechanism, a

driven member, a housing in which said driven.

said driven member rectilinearly, a rotary fluidpressure-operated motor carried by said housing for movement therewith and connected to said driven member, a passageway through said piston for directing fluid under pressure to said motor, a pressure-operated valve controlling the flow through said passageway, means normally maintaining said valve closed but permitting it to be opened by the pressure fluid when the pressure behind the piston reaches a predetermined value, and means operated by said rotary motor for closing said valve after it has been thus opened.

6. In a fluid-pressure-operated mechanism, a driven member, a housing in which said driven member is mounted for rotary movement, a piston to which said housing is connected for rectilinear movement, means for directing fluid.v under pressure to one side of said piston, to move said housing and said driven'member rectilinearly, a rotary fluid-pressure operated "motor carried by'said housing for movement therewith and connectedv to said driven member, a passageway through said piston for directing fluid under pressure to said motor, a pressure-operated valve controlling the flow of fluid through said passageway, means normally maintaining said valve closed but permitting it to be opened. by the pressure fluid when the pressure behind; the piston reaches a predetermined value, means operated by said rotary motor for closing said valve after it has been thus opened, and valvemeans operative in response to a rise in pressure of the fluid, at

said one side of said Piston. due to closure of. said a 12 valve for directing fluid to the other side of said piston to move said driven member in the opposite direction.

'7, In a fluid-'pressure-operated mechanism, a driven member having elements engageable with a work piece, a housing in which said driven member is mounted for rotary movement, a piston to which said housing is connected for rectilinear movement, means for directing fluid under-pressure to said piston to move said housing and said driven member rectilinearly to carry said. elements into'engagement with a. work piece, a rotary fluid-pressure-operated motor carried by said housing for movement, therewith and connected to said driven member, a passageway through said piston for directing fluid under pressure to said motor, a pressure-operated valve controlling the flow of fluid through said pas-- sageway,jmeans normally maintaining said valve. closed but permitting it to be opened by the pressure fluid when the pressure behind the piston reaches a predetermined value, and means operated by said rotary motor for, closing said valveafter it has beenthus opened and for movin the elements carried by said driven member out of engagement with the work piece,

FRED C. EASTMAN,

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this'patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,154,038 Evrell Apr. 11, 1939 2,290,361 Schettler July 21 194-2 2,301,028 Esch Nov. 3, 1942 2,319,682 Hibner May 18, 1943 2,351,872 Parker June30, 194d

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