US2331597A - Disintegrator hammer - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 12, 1943. ca. H. N. COLES DISINTEGRATOR HAMMER Filed Sept. 3, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ifivenid I geofiq ej H. Cole G. H. N. COLES DISINTEGR-ATOR HAMMER Filed Sept. 3, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor 'JZJY. Gales Patented Oct. 12, 1943 DISINTEGRATOR HAMMER Geofirey'Herbert Norman Coles, Eton, England Application September a, 19.40, Serial No. 355,251

In Great Britain September 25, 1939 1 Claim.

This invention relates to hammer mills, rotary granulators, pulverisers and generally apparatus employed as disintegrators, .masticators and oth-' erwise in cutting or dividingmaterials and furnished with swinging hammer or other form of swinging cutting or dividing elements.

The outstanding disadvantage of machines of the type in question is that there is a great diflerence in the size of the product obtainedfrom the machine Whenit has new hammers or like ele- The thickness of the portionof the head ex ments and when the hammers or like elements tending from the lug ,or arm may increase from have become worn and are nearing the end of aposition which ismost remotejfrom the l'ug or thgir fie. h hk 1 arm, and may be regarded as the forward side s e ammers or e e ements we r down, of the element in a direction to the rear side of so the product becomes coarser and coarser, and the element; v T the reason for this is mainly due to the increasing "In all cases the head of the element will always ap between the hammers and the breaking be unsymmetrically disposed with respect to the blocks. lug or arm by which it is connected with the rotor.

In general, the form of the swing hammers is The formation of thehammer element sothat symmetrical and the centre of gravity of the 2 the central line of the lug or armand theaxis hammer is on the same radial line as the axis about which movement of'the hammer element about which the hammers pivot. is permitted with respect to the rotor forms, in The shape of the hammers produced by difierconsequence" of wear,,a progressively decreasing ent makers varies slightly in that, for instance, angle with a line joiningthe axis in quest ion and some have a curvature over the length of the face the axis "of rotation of the'rotor has, as its result, but all of them have the disadvantage that, as the retention 'of the extreme or outer edges ofthe they weantrtlhe widthfotththe crut'sl'iiing s?!) iitizlvoigking iace to lice bat ak' substaiitiaflly constarg, creases, as e resu o e Wear a ingpace' 0 is ance romt e rea er pa e: or a muc an increasing degree adjacent to the leading edge greater fraction of the total life of the hammer of the hammer. thanfis possible with the moreus ual construction One object of the present invention is to' in inwhich the forward and rearward faces of the crease the effective life of the hammers and in hammer bars are initially equiadist'ant from the particular to secure that during an increased central line of the hammerelem'ent andt the poilnt v period of their life the gap betweenlthe hammers about ,whichpivotal "motion between i and t 1e and the breaking blocks remains"'substantially motol sifi mitted. l r constant. Preferably, in the case of, a hammer ba1;' the According to the invention, the hammer or like lugs are sowarmnged t, the are pogjfidned element is so shaped that the head thereof, which Within th i l te of me t extends from the arm by which it is pivot 'This arrangement, which in itself is known, asally connected to the rotor, comprises an over- 40 sists in giving a long life to the hammer bar as hung portion directed away from one Side or g in use the hammer bars are found to wear at a of g the q f fi $2; rate which increases towards their extremities, 22: g ggz Cons I e with the result that the thickness of the metal Thus, a section of the elementtaken through in thavlcmgty of the ai gg 133 32 3; the lug or arm will be generally of L form and lugs Wlth t e mam por 0 1 th q the angle between the median line of the arm n m y becomes decreased excesslve y f'i: and the radial line extending through the aXis cessltatmg the r pl ment or the hammer bars of rotation of the arm and the axis of rotation and the posl g of the lu more e e fl of the rotor will progressively decrease as the rethe ends of the hamme ba s p gs the time sult of the wear of the head of the hammer or during WhlCh they may be used before the degree like element. of weakening due to wear reaches the po nt 01. I The elements may comprise a head portion seconnection of'the lugs with the main 13013171021 of cured to a sin le lug or arm when they are dethe hammer bar.

g The invention will be described further 11'! designed for use with machines of the kind in which a plurality of such elements are arranged side by side in association with therotor, orthey may be of the character of the .so-c'alled hammer bars, in which case the head of the hammer is in the form 0f.a bar of a relatively considerable length extending from one side to the opposite side of the rotor, in which case the bars will comprise a lug or arm arranged adjacent to each end of the bar.

tail and by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view in section of a swing hammer pulveriser comprising hammer bars extending from one side to the opposite side of the rotor;

Figure 2 is a similar view of a construction in which the rotor is provided with a plurality of hammer elements spaced apart in the direction of the width of the rotor;

Figure 3 being a view in elevation of the rotor with which such hammer or beater elements are associated.

Figure 4 is a view in end elevation;

Figure 5 a fragmentary view in front elevation; a

Figure 6 a corresponding. plan view of one construction of hammer bar for use in a machine of the general character indicated in Figure 1;

Figures '7 and 8 being fragmentary views in front elevation and in plan of an alternative construction. 7 t

Figures 9 and are respectively views in side and front elevation of a hammer element designed for use in a machine of the character illustrated in Figures 2 and 3;

Figures 11, 12, 13 and 14 illustrate the position assumed by hammer bars or hammer elements in accordance with the invention, as the result of i wear, while i In the case of the constructions illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, within a casing [furnished with a feed opening 2 and a discharge opening 3 at its lower portion there is arranged a rotor 4 which, in the case of the construction shown in Figure 1, comprisestwo end members .5 spaced apart along a shaft 6. By pivot pins'l, to these end plates there are secured hammer elements comprising lugs .or arms 8 and a head or bar 9 which may be generallyof the form illustrated in Figures 4 to 8.

In the case of the construction illustrated in Figure 2, a plurality of plates in are arranged at intervals on the shaft I l in forming the rotor, and between the adjacent plates there'are secured hammers l2 which may be of the general form indicated in Figures 9 and 10.

In the construction illustrated 'in Figure 2, there is provided a grid l3 and a breaker plate M the position of which is adapted to be adjusted to bring it closer to or move it away from the hammers, such adjustment being effected by-the member l5 which is furnished with an inclined slot l6 engaging a pin H, a handwheel I8 and spindle l9 being furnished for adjusting the position of the member l5.

The construction and arrangement, of these elements, however, form nopart of the invention.

As will be seen more particularly from Figures 4 to 9, the head 9 of the hammer element extends from a lug or arm 1 by which it is pivotally connected with the rotor and comprises an overhung portion directed away from one side or edge of the lug or arm only, the face of which portion remote from the lug or arm constituting normally the working face of the element.

Ihe position of the arm in question initially is indicated in Figure 11, while in Figures 12 and 13 the effect of progressive wear on the working face of the hammer is shown,

As will be seen, the effect of wear is to cause the angle between the median line of the arm and a radial line extending through the axis of rotation of the lug or arm and the axis of rotation of the rotor progressively to decrease.

In Figure 14 the hammer bar is shown in the reversed position, the bar, for instance, worn to the extent indicated in Figure 3, being detached from the machine and rotated to bring what was the rear or right-hand face of the bar shown in Figure 3 into the left-hand or forward position so that the hammer may be used for a further period.

It will be noted from these figures that the result of wear on the face of the hammer bar does not result in an increase of the gap between the extremity of the bar and the, adjacent surface 20 of the casing in which it operates.

I claim:

A hammer for disintegrators or pulverisers of the type in which the hammers are pivotally con nected with a rotor in such manner that they are capable of free or unrestrained rotation about their pivotal connection and, as the result of wear upon their working faces, they become displaced under the action of centrifugal force about their pivotal connections to an increasing degree from the position they initially occupy when new, comprising a head, an arm portion extending therefrom by which the hammer may be pivotally connected to the rotor, the rear or faceof the arm and rear face of the head bein both flat and substantially in the plane in which the axis of pivotal motion of the hammer relative to therotor lies, the other face of the head extending beyond the corresponding face or side GEOFFREY HERBERT NORMAN COLES.

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