US2326125A - Engine starting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Aug.. 10, 1943. Q DERMON D.

ENGINE STARTING APPARATUS Filed Aug.- 4, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 V a M w m c ||l= o .N..C N E rv 20 w R w M 2a 5 MT. .m. m m M 2 5 m 0 /L M W M curour RELAY 'aYS Patented Aug. 10, 1943 ENGINE STARTING APPARATUS Lawrence C. Dermond, Anderson, -Ind., assignor to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Application August 4, 1940, Serial No. 351,303

24 Claims.

This invention relates to starting apparatus for internal combustion engines, more particularly to those of automotive vehicles, and especially to the automatic and semi-automatic types of starting apparatus in which the starter circuit is automatically closed by closing of the ignition switch, or is closed by operation of some one of the control instrumentalities of the ve- I hicle such as the accelerator pedal, or clutch pedal, and is held open by the effect of suction when the'engine runs under its own power.

' In starting apparatus of the kind above reing operated by the starting motor during the cranking period before such engine becomes self-operative. It is obvious that under certain operating conditions the vacuum effective on such a switch will become quite low during the operation of the engine on its own power and will approach, if not actually equal, the vacuum which is maintained in the manifold when-the engine is being turned over by the starting motor before it actually becomes self-operative and it is this condition which brings about the difficulty referred to.

It is, therefore, the primary object of the present invention to provide in a starting apparatus of the character referred to, a control switch which cannot be opened by engine suction during the cranking period, but will bemai-ntained in its open position at all times and under all conditions when the engine is running under its own power, either when operating under load, or when idling.

With this object in view, one feature of the present invention consists'in the provision of a control switch having a suction operated member which is operable in conjunction with a member operable manually and simultaneously with the carburetor throttle to control the opening and closing of the switch contacts, such contacts being maintained in open position when the engine is not running by the position of the manually operable device' and being prevented from closing at all times when the engine is in operation by the suction operated member which is positively maintained in a position to accom-' plish this function whenever the ates under its own power.

The manually operable member, above referred to, is moved as the throttle is moved toward open position to allow the closing of the starter circuit and the suction immediately becomes effective on the suction operated member as the engine is cranked, but the device is so constructed that such suction operated member cannot be moved to a position where the switch contacts would be open by any degree of suction which can possibly be produced during the cranking operation. "In fact, in the preferred form of the invention the manually operable member must be restored to its normal position by restoration of the throttle to its normal, or idling, position, thus manually opening engine operthe circuit before the suction can be effective to so move the suction operated member to the position where it holds the circuit open.

In an alternatuive form of the invention, the device is so constructed that this manual operation to open the starter circuit is not necessary, but means are provided to prevent any movement of the suction operated member until the suction becomes far greater than any which can be produced during the cranking period.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings wherein a preferred embodiment of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a semi-automatic starting system in which the present invention is employed and showing the control switch in vertical section.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view showing the control switch in section with the parts in a diflerent position than in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 and showing the parts in a still different position.

Fig. 4 is a vertical, sectional view partly in elevation, showing a modified form of the device in which a diaphragm is employed as the suction operated member.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section of amodified form of the device shown in Fig. 4 in which the starter circuit does not have to be broken by a manual operation.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal view on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5. I

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the starting motor which is indicated at 20 has a ground issplined a sleeve 28 which is secured to one member of an overrunning clutch 28, the other member of which is integral with a driving pinion 30 adapted to be moved into engagement with the flywheel gear 32 or the engine in order to turn said gear and start the engine whenever 24 and said collar is engaged by pins 35 which project from a yoke formed on the lower end of a lever 36 suitably pivoted at 38 and connected at its upper end with the armature 40 of an electromagnet 4! by means of a lost motion connection comprising a pin 42 and slot 44 which is provided for the purpose of enabling the lever and the armature to have some motion relative to each other. A

When the magnet is energized, the lever 36 is rocked in a counterclockwise direction, the collar 34 compressing a spring 46 which surrounds the sleeve 26 between thecollar and the clutch device 26 moves the pinion into engagement with the flywheel gear in the usual manner, the construction of the driving mechanism between the starting motor and the flywheel gear being the aaaaiac connection 22 and an armatureshatt 24 on which ing described in detail later and when the contact between these binding posts is thus efiected,

current flows from the batterythrough the ignition switch across the binding posts 80 and, 82 through the coil 86 and to ground to energize said coil, the energization of which closes the switch to efl'ect the energization of the main magnet. The switch above referred to comprises a fixed contact 90 which is connected by a wire 92 to the wire 58 and thus to the battery, while a movable contact 94 which cooperates with said fixed contact is connected by a wire 96 to the coil 48 which is grounded through the connection 98 .and a wire I00 connects the coil 50 with the wire 96, said c0115!) being grounded through the starting motor as shown in Fig. 1.

It will .be obvious from the above that when the ignition switch and the switch 66 are both closed, which results in the energization of the coil 86, that the contacts 96 and 94, which are normally open, will be closed and when this occurs current will flow from the battery through same as ordinarily employed in manually operated starting devices of the cverrunning clutch type. A spring 47 returns the lever 36 and the parts operated thereby to normal position when the above described magnet is (fie-energized.

The electromagnet is provided with two coils 38 and 50 having a difierent number of turns for a purpose which is briefly described hereinafter, and the circuit connections with the magnet coils will also be briefly described later.

The starting motor 20 is connected by a wire 52 with a fixed contact 54 of a starting motor switch, while a second contact 56is connected by a wire 56 with a battery indicated at 60 which is grounded at 52. A movable contact 64 is the wires 58 and. 92, contacts 90 and 94, and wire 96 to both coils of the main magnet, energizing the magnet and eiiecting the shifting of the pinion and the closing of the main starter switch as previously described.

The magnet is so constructed that one of the coils may be shunted out when the main starter switch is closed, so that during the cranking pethe construction and operating means of the switch which has been indicated generically by the reference numeral 66, isshown and described in the copending application of John B. Dyer,

Serial No. 653,983, filed January 28, 1933.- In

view of this complete disclosure and the fact that the specific arrangement of the circuit and con- Y struction of the magnet. and starter drive are adapted to be moved into engagement with the two contacts 54 and 56 when the armature of the magnet is moved to the left in Fig. 1 to close the circuit of the starting motor.

The energization of the magnet is effected I by the closing of the ignition switch and a second switch indicated in its entirety by the numeral 66, the construction of which is the prin- ,cipal feature of novelty of the present invention which will be described in detail later, the closing of these two switches efiecting closing of a. magnetic switch which is in circuit with the coils of the above described magnet.

The ignition switch has a movable contact 68 connected by a wire 10 to a wire 12 extending from the generator to the wire 58, previously referred to. The contact 68 is 'a double contact, one branch of which engages a fixed contact 14 to which is connected a wire leading to the ignition system and a second fixed contact I6 which is connected by a wire 18 to a binding post 8!] of the switch 66. The latter is provided with a second binding post 82 which is connectnot portions of the. present invention, it is believed unnecessary to describe this device further other than to state that the generator is indicated at I92 and is'connected through the wire 68 with the relay coil 86, such wire connecting with the generator between the latter and the usual cut-out relay, so that when the generator is in operation, when the engine is running under its own power, the generator will build up a counter-voltage in the coil 86 and will effect the opening of switch contacts 90 and 94 in the event that for any possible reason the suced by a wire 84 which extends to a winding 86 of a relay which is grounded through the generator by means of a wire 88. Mechanism is provided to efiect electrical connection between the binding posts 80 and 82, this mechanism betion operated switch, which will be described later, would fail to act.

Coming now to the construction of the switch which has been previously designated generically a 66, it will be noted that the mechanism of this switch is positioned within housing III], which is adapted to be mounted in any suitable way and adjacent to intake passage H2 0f the carburetor, which is adapted to be connected to the engine intake manifold in the usual way. The housing is connected at its upper end to a suction conduit I [4, one end of which is designed to be connected to the intake manifold at any point between the carburetor throttle and the engine intake ports, The throttle oi the carburetor is indicated at H6 and is secured to an operating shaft I I8, which is journaled for rotation in the carburetor housing. This' shaft nousing 36, as indicated in thedrawings, or may be connected to operate a separate shaft which extends into such housing, but in either event, the shaft which so extends into the switch housing is adapted to have secured thereto for rotation therewith, a block of insulating material I20, which has a projection I22 formed thereon, the remaining external surface of block I being cylindrical in form and having mounted thereon a cover of substantially cylindrical form I24 of metal, which, of course is separated from the operating shaft by the insulating material I20. A stationary contact piece I26 is adapted to engage the metal surface I24, as shown in the drawings. This contact piece is of angular form and at its lower end is secured by a rivet I28, or in any other-suitable way, to a plate I30 which forms the lower end of the housing and is made of-suitable insulating material. The binding p st 82 is screwed into a metal bracket I32 alsoof angular form, and secured by the same rivet I23 to the piece of insulating material I30.

The other binding post '80 is screwed into a similarly shaped angular bracket I34, which is secured by arivet I36 to the plate of insulating material I30 and such rivet also secures to this plate of insulating material a flexible contact 'member I38, which has formed thereon 9. lug

open position, a matter of 20' or thereabouts, as indicated in Fig. 3.

' The parts will remain in this position as the starting. motor cranks the engine for starting purposes and the suction which is eifective on the piston I44 cannot lift the piston because the bent-over portion I50 of the flexible contact member is engaged in the groove I48 at this time,thus holding the piston in its lowermost position. when the device is constructed as i1- lustrated in the first three figures of the drawings, even the suction which is effective on the piston after the en ine begins to run is insuflicient to overcome the action of the part I50 and the piston is held in its lowermost position as shown in Fig. 3 until the throttle is manually restored to its normal idle position, upon which operation the element I20 is reversely rotated 'so that th lug I22 again engages the lug I40 which will manually open the switch and also move the bent-over toe I50 back to the position shown in Fig. 1, so that the suction will then be effective to move the piston upwardly. Of course, this opening of the switch contacts will cause the starting motor to become inoperative, but the engine has been started and is running under its own power and as ions as the throttle remains in its nearly closed, or idle position, the piston I44 will be held in its uppermost position for the The suction conduit II4, heretofore referred to, communicates with a cylinder I 42 formed on the top -of the housing and having slidable therein a piston I44. At the bottom of this piston I54 in which, under certain conditions, the bentover end I50 of the contact member I38 is adapted to engage, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

' The operation of this switch mechanism is sub stantially as follows: When the engine is not running and the parts are in their normal position with the carburetor throttle in its substantially closed, or idle, pOSltlOIL'aS shown in Fig. 1, the switch is opened because the projecting lug of insulating material I 22 engages the lug I40, as

shown, and no current can pass through the switch. However, when the throttle is moved toward open position in a counterclockwise direction of movement, the lug I22 is moved out of engagement with the lug I and the parts are permitted to assume the position shown in Fig. 3. In this position the lug I40 is permitted to move to the right and to engage the metal element I24, so that current can pass from the battery through the ignition switch and the various circuit connections to the element I38, thence through the metal element I24 to the stationary contact I26 and from there through the associated binding post and wire 04 to the coil as.

and thence to ground. This will effect the energiz'ation of the main magnet and cause the starting motor to become operative as previously described. In order to bring about this action, the throttle has only to move partly to its full reason that the vacuum eflectivebn the piston is greater when running under idling conditions than at any other time.

It is well known that if the throttle is opened to accelerate the engine, a drop in the manifold vacuum occurs and since the opening movement of the throttle is accompanied by a movement of the lug I22, means must be provided to prevent the flexible contact member from taking the position shown in Fig. 3 when such opening movement of the throttle occurs. This is accomplished by means of the lower cylindrical I such piston I46 is brought to a position opposite the bent-over portion I50 of the flexible contact, so that it is engaged thereby as indicated in Fig. 2, and this portion of the piston is also provided with the groove I54 so that the element I50 will enter such groove. When this takes place, a further downward movement of the piston is prevented, so that it cannot drop to a position where the large groove I48 is opposite the part I50, but remains held in the position where the toe I50 engages the groove I54 as long as the engine continues to run, or until the throttle engage the groove I54 to prevent any possible closing of 'the circuit throughethe switch.

The device shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings is the same as shown in Fig. 5 in its general characteristics, the only difference being the construction of the flexible contact member and the piston so that although one of these is a somewhat modifled form of the invention, reference may be had to both figures for such disclosure as is common to the two.

Referring particularly to Fig. 4, it will be noted that a boss I00 is formed on the carburetor in- I68 of suitable insulating material and having 1: lug I18 formed thereon similar to the lug I22, previously referred to. This element I68 is surrounded except for the lug IIII by a generally cylindrical metal sleeve I12 and is secured on the end of the throttle shaft in any suitable way I as by means of a nut I'M. A fixed contact member I16 engages the surface I12 and corresponds to the contact I26 previously described, this con-' tact being connected with a binding postv I18 which is secured to the housing I62 in any suitable manner, and separated therefrom by pieces of insulating material I88. A flexible contact member I82 which corresponds to the element I38 is suitably secured to the housing I62 and insulated therefrom by a piece of insulating material I85, while electrically connected to the contact element I82 is a binding post I86, which is also suitably secured to the housing and separated therefrom by a piece of insulating material I88.

The only material difference between this form of the switch device and that previously described resides in the fact that the suction operated element is a diaphragm instead of a piston and to this end a diaphragm I98 is secured between a flange I92 formed on the housing I62 and a corresponding flange I96 formed on a cover plate I96 which is'secured to the housing I62 in any suitable manner, as by means of machine screws I98. The diaphragm is held in its lower position by a spring 20c received between itself and the cover plate and suction is communicated to the space above the diaphragm by means of a suction passage 282 formed in the boss and in the wall of the housing I62 and cover plate as shown in Fig. 4. Secured to the center of the diaphragm is a piston 20%, such piston being supported by a rivet 206, which extends through the diaphragm and clamps together a washer 208 which is below the diaphragm, the diaphragm itself, and a cupshaped element 2III located above the diaphragm and which receives the lower end of the spring 200 above referred to, the elements 288 and 2m and the diaphragm being held in a rigid assembly by means of the rivet 205, which has at its lower end an enlarged head 2I2 which carries the -piston 2ll4, above referred to. The piston 204 is provided with a reduced portion at its upper end which is adapted to lie opposite the flexible contact member when the parts are in normal position in the same manner as does the groove I48 previously described, while the outer surface of the piston 20s is provided with a plurality of grooves 2M with which the bent-over endof the flexible contact piece which corresponds to the bent-over portion I5liof contact piece I38 is adapted to engage in just the same way as previously set forth to prevent the closing of the contacts of the switch when the engine is running and also to prevent the piston from ever assuming the position where the contacts can be closed during self-operation of the engine.

The operation of this piece of mechanism is exactly the same as that previously described. In its normal position, the flexible contact element is opposite the lug of insulating material which holds the switch open, but uponmovement of the throttle toward open position the contacts are allowed to close and when the engine commences to run, the suction which is communicated through the suction conduit to the diaphragm lifts the piston 204 to bring about the same results as have previously been described in connection with the deviceshown in Figs. 1 to 3.

In the slightly modified form of the invention shown in Fig. 5 there is only one difference in construction and one difierence in the result produced from what has previously been set forth. It will be noted upon examination or this figure thatthe upper end of the piston 204,.

which is shown in Fig. 5, is a tapered instead of an abrupt shoulder, such shoulder being indicated at 220, and the upper end of the flexible contact member I82 instead of having a bentover toe is curved in a manner to be substantially parallel to the surface 220 as indicated at 222. With this construction, when the engine starts to run with the parts in the position corresponding to Fig. 3, so that the flexible contact member I82 engages the piston, the surfaces 220 and 222 are in engagement. The efiect of the suction during cranking is insufllcient to lift the piston because of the friction between the parts, but when the engine starts to run with the throttle in only a partially open position, the suction effective on the diaphragm is sumcient to pull the piston upwardly, overcoming the friction referred to and this action will break the circuit through the switch. As the piston is lifted, the surface 222 will contact with one of the grooves and will act as a spring detent holding the piston in its upper position and the piston in turn prevents the circuit from being made through the switch contacts. Thus in this particular form of the device, the circuit is actually broken by the action of engine suction when that suction is sufficiently high, but so great a degree of suction is required to effect this result that it is only under certain operating conditions that such result is possible and it is never possible during cranking. However, 'with this type of device, the piston prevents any possible closing of the switch during the operation of the engine under its own power and the device is so constructed that only a relatively high degree of engine suction can cause the lifting of the pistonand the breaking of the circuit.

While the embodiment of the present invention as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is'claimed is as follows:'

1. ma starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, manually operable means" for operating the switch, means operable by the engine for controlling the effectiveness of said manually operable means, said last named means normally occupying a position to' render the manually operable means effective and movable by the engine when the latter starts to run to render the. manually operable means ineffective;

, is closed.

2. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a cur- .rent source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, manually operable means for operating the switch, means operable by the engine suction for controlling the effectiveness of said manually operable means, said last named means normally occupying a position to render the manually operable means eflective and movable by the suction when the engine starts to run to render the manually operable means ineffective, and means other than the manually operable means for preventing any movement of the suction operated means as long as the control switch is closed.

3. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, manually operable means for effecting the closing of said switch to cause the starting motor to become efiective, means movable by the engine to a position to prevent the closing of the control switch while the engine is in operation and means other than the manually operable means for preventing movement of said last named means by the engine while the control switch is closed.

4. In a startingapparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, manually operable means for effecting the closing of said switch to cause the starting motor to become effective, means movable by engine suction to prevent closing of the control switchwhen the engine is operating under its own power, means other than the manually operable means for preventing movement of the suction operated means while the control switch is closed and means operable by the manually operable means to render said last namedmeans ineffective to prevent movement of the suction operated means.

5. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current/source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, manually operable means for effecting the closing of said switch to cause the starting motor to become efiective, means movable by engine suction to prevent closing of the control switch when the engine is operating under its own power, means other than the manually operable means for preventing movement of the suction operated means while the control switch is closed and means operable by the manually operable means to render said last named means ineffective to prevent movement of the suction operated means, said manually operable means being also efiective to cause the opening of the control switch.

6. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch tor controlling said circuit, a carburetor for supplying combustible mixture to the engine and a throttle valve for regulating the quantity of such mixture, means operable manually in conjunction with said throttle valve to operate the switch, means operable by engine suction to prevent closing-of the switch during operation of the engine under its own power, and means other than the manually operable means for preventing any operation of the suction operated means while the control switch is closed.

7. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, a carburetor for supplying combustible mixture to the engine and a throttle valve for regulating the quantity of such mixture, means operable manually in conjunction wit said throttle valve to effect closing of the switch, means movable by engine suction to a position to prevent closing of the switch during operation of the engine under its own power, means other than said manually operable means for preventing any operation of the suction operated means while the control switch is closed and operable by said manually operable means i to permit movement of said suction operated means to a position where it prevents closing of said control switch.

-8. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, a suction operated member controlling tne operation of said switch normally occupying a position to permit closing of the switch and movable by engine suction'to a position to positively prevent closing of the switch during engine operation, manually operable means to en'ect closing of the switch, a member preventing movement or the suction operated member while the switch is closed and movable by the manually operable means to permit movement of the suction operated member, said manually operable means being also operating to eifect opening of the switch.

9. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, a carburetor for supplying combustible mixture to the engine and a throttle valve for regulating the quantity of such mixture, a suction operated member controlling the operation of said switch normally occupying a l position to permit closing of the switch and movable by engine suction to a position to positively prevent the closing of the switch during engine operation, means operable manually in conjunction with the throttle to efiect opening of the switch, a member preventing movement of the suction operated member while the switch is closed and movable by the manually operable means to permit movement of the suction operated member when the engine becomes self operative, said manually operable means being also effective to bring about the opening of the switch.

10, In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, having a plurality of contact members adapted to be electrically engaged to close said circuit, a suction operated member movable by engine suction to a position to pre- 11. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, having a plurality of contact members adapted to be electrically engaged to close said circuit, a suction operated member movable by engine suction to a position to-prevent closing of the switch during engine operation, said member being engageable by one of said contacts when the switch is closed to prevent movement of said member by suction, manually operable means to efiect movement of said last named contact to close the switch, and also operable to move said contact to open the switch and concurrently release the suction operated member for operation by engine suction.

12., In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, having a plurality of contact members adapted to. be electrically engaged to d close said circuit, a suction operated member movable by engine suction to a position to prevent closing of the switch during engine operation and normally occupying a position to permit closing of the switch, manually operable means normally holding the switch open and operable to permit movement of one of said contacts to a positionto close the switch and engage said suction operated member to prevent movement thereof while the switch is closed, said contact member being also movable by said manu-' ally operable means to open the switch and to release the suction "operated member so the latter may be moved by engine suction.

13. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, having a plurality of contact members adapted to be electrically engaged to close said circuit,,a suction operated member movable by engine suction and having a surface thereon adapted to be engaged by one of the said contacts'when the member is moved to prevent closing of the switch when the engine is. operating under its own power,a groove in said'member adapted to be engaged by said last named contact when the suction operated member is in normal position to permit closing of the switch, said engagement of the contact with the suction operated-member serving to prevent operation of the latter-when the switch is closed. I

14. In a startingapparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a cur rent source,- a circuit for connecting said motor enactment source, a control switch for con-,

trolling' said circuit, having a plurality of contactmembersadapted to be electrically engaged to'close said circuit, a suction operated member movable by engine suction and having a surface ascents named contact when the said member has been moved by engine suction to prevent a return of said member toward normal position upon a drop in suction, wherebysuch member is maintained in position toprevent closing of the switch during all operating conditions.

15. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for control- 1ing said circuit, a carburetor for supplying com-= bustible mixture to-the engine and a throttle valve for regulating the quantity of such mixture, means operable manually in conjunction with said throttle valve to efiect closing of the switch, means movable by engine suction to a position to prevent closing of the switch during operation of the engine underrits own power,

means other than said manually operable means for preventing any operation of the suction operated means while the control switch is closed and operable by said manually operable means to permit movement of said suction operated .means to a position where it prevents closingof said control switch, said manually operable means being also eflective toopen the control bustion engines having a starting motor, a current source, a circuit for connecting said motor and current source, a control switch for controlling said circuit, a carburetor for supplying com- I bustible mixture to the engine and a throttle valve for regulating the quantity of such mixture,

means operable manually in conjunction with said throttle valve to effect closing of the switch,

means movable by engine suction to aposition to prevent closing of the switch during operation of the engine under its own power, means other than said manually operable means for preventing any operation of the suction operated means while the control switch is closed and operable by said manually operable means to permit movement of said suction operated means to a position where it prevents closing of said control switch, said manually operable means being also efiective to open the control switch when it is moved to.operate the means which prevents movement of the suction operated means. 7

17..In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said source I and a circuit for connecting said starting motor named contact when the suction operated member is in normal position to permit closing of the switch, said engagement of the contact with the suction operated member serving to prevent operation of the latter when the switch is closed, and asecond groove in said suction operated member adapted to be engaged by said last with the curren-t source, a switch for controlling said circuit, means for operating the switch, a control member movable to two positions in one of which it prevents closing of the switch and in the other of which it permits said switch I to be closed to cause operation of the starting motor, means whereby the engine, when it becomes self-operative, moves said control member to a position where it prevents closing of the switch, means other than the switch operating means for preventing movement oi said control member to such position while the engine is being operated by the starting motor, and means whereby said last named means is rendered ineffective when the switch operating means is closed to cause operation of the starting motor,

I erating means for preventing movement of said 10 control member to such position while the engine is being operated by the starting motor, and means whereby said last named means is rendered ineffective when the switch operating means is moved to the position it occupies when it maintains the switch in open condition.

19. Inastarting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said source and a circuit for connecting said starting motor with the current source, a switch for controlling said circuit, means for operating the switch, a control member movable to two positions in one of which it prevents closing of the switch and in the other of which it permits said switch to be closed to .cause operation of the starting motor, means whereby the engine, when it becomes self-operative, moves said control member to a position where it prevents closing of the switch,

means other than the switch operating means for preventing movement of said control member to such position while the engine is being operated by the starting motor and for maintaining the control member in the position to which it is moved by the engine as long as the engine oper- 85 ates under its own power, and means whereby said last named means is rendered ineffective to control the position of said control member when the switch operating means is moved to one of of its operating positions.

with the current source, a switch for controlling said circuit, means for operating the switch, a control member movable to two positions in one of which it prevents closing of the switch and in the other of which it permits said switch to be means whereby the engine, when it becomes selfoperative, moves said control member to a position where it prevents closing of the switch, means other than the switch operating means for preventing movement of said control member to such position while the engine is being operated by the starting motor and for maintaining the control member in the position to which it is moved by the engine, as long as the engine operates under its own power, and means whereby said last named means is rendered ineffective to control the position of said control member when the switch operating means is moved to the position it occupies when it maintains the switch in open position.

21. In a starting apparatus for internal combustion engines having a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said source and a circuit for connecting said starting motor in the other of which it permits said switch to be closed to cause operation of the starting motor,

means whereby the engine, when it becomes selfoperative, moves said control member to a position where it prevents closing 0! the switch, means other than the switch operating means for preventing movement of said contrgl member to such position while the engine is being operated by the starting motor and for maintaining the control member in the position to which it is moved by the engine as long as the engine operates' under its own power, and means whereby said last named means is rendered inefiective to control the position of said control member from said source, a circuit for connecting said starting motor with the current source, a switch for controlling said circuit, means connected with the carburetor throttle for operating said switch, a control member movable to two positions in one of which it prevents closing of the switch and in the other of which it permits the switch to be closed to cause operation of the starting motor, means whereby the engine, when it becomes self-operative, moves said control member to a position where it prevents closing of the switch, means other than the switch operating means for preventing movement of said control member to such position while the engine is being operated by the starting motor and means whereby the-last named means is rendered ineflective when the throttle is moved to closed position. i

23. In a starting apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a carburetor for supplying combustible mixture thereto and provided with a throttle valve for controlling the quantity of fuel mixture supplied to the engine, a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said source, a circuit for connecting said starting motor with the current source, a switch for controlling said circuit, means connected with the carburetor throttle for operating said switch, a control member movable to two positions in one of which it prevents closing of the switch-and in the other of which it permits the switch to be closed to cause operation of the starting motor, means wherebythe engine, when it becomes self-operative, moves said control member to a position where it prevents closing of the switch, means other than the switch operating means for preventing movement of said con- 0 trol member to such position while the engine is eii'ective only when the throttle is moved to closed position.

24. In a starting apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a carburetor for supplying combustible mixture thereto and provided with a throttle valve for controlling the quantity or fuel mixture supplied to the engine, a current source, a starting motor operable by current from said source, a circuit for' connecting said starting motor with the current source, a switch for controlling said circuit, means connected with the carburetor throttle for operating said switch, a control member movable to two positions in one for preventing movement of said control member to such position while the engine is being operated by the starting motor and for maintaining the control member in the position to which it is moved by the engine as long as the engine operates imder its own power and means whereby the last named means is rendered ineffective to control the position of said control member when the throttle is moved to its closed position.

LAWRENCE c. DERMO'ND.

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