US2313119A - Line justifying device - Google Patents

Description

March 9, 1943. 5. BRAND 2,313,119

LINE JUSTIFYING DEVICE I Filed Sept. 30, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet l N v INVENTOR. SHMUEL Bkfl vp I By ATTORNEY.

March 9, 1943. $.BRAND v 2,313,119

LINE JUSTIFYING DEVICE I Fil ed Sept. 50, 1941 10 Sheds-Sheet 2 INV EN TOR. "Sm/rum BRHND ATTORNEY.

10 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEY.

March 9, 1943. 3 BRAND LINE JUSTIFYING DEVICE Filed Sept. 30, 1941 March 9, 1943. s. BRAND LINE JUSTIFYING DEVICE 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 50, 1941 Marbh 9, 1943. 5 BRAND LINE JUSTIFYING DEVICE Filed Sept. 30, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 'IIIII/IIIIIIIIIIIIlIIII/IIIIIlI/fi I NVEN TOR. 6 IV) (/51. 3 PF? ND .4 TTQRNEY.

I08 I A80 March 9, 1943. 5. BRAND 2,313,119

LINE JUSTIFYING DEVIC E Filed Sept. 30, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVEN TOR. 677M054 HRH/VD ATTORNEY.

March 9, 1943. 5 ND 2,313,119

LINE JUSTIFYING DEVICE Filed Sept. 30, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet '7 In. n

INVENTOR 6 9M 051. BRflA/D ATTORNEY March 9,' 1943. 5, BRAND LINE JUSTIFYING DEVICE Filed Sept. 50, l941 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 mvm March 9, 1943. 5. BRAND 2,313,119

LINE JUSTIFYING DEVICE Filed Sept. 30, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 x F'IG.I7.

FIGAB.

/07 This line is 3 points short, and is justified accordingly! This line does not need to be justified as it is full lengthl\ This line must be justified, it being 8 points shortl 07 /07 This line is 3 points short, and is justified accordingly This line does not need to be Justified as it is full length This line must, be justified, it being 8 points short ATTORNEY.

March 9, 1943. 5. BRAND 2,313,119

LINE JUSTIFYING DEVICE 240 g 244a i244 qi] 2/43 #5: 237 .smmw/va a; ins/ma MM 243 A A l 24 I g A 232 23/ r 230 ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 9, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LINE JUSTIFYING DEVICE Samuel Brand, Binghamton, N. Y., assignor to International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application September 30, 1941, Serial No. 412,946

31 Claims.

'emplified, for example, by said copending application, justifying mechanism has been provided which is suitable for justifying one length of line of a copy. When the same device was employed, for example, on a much shorter line of a nonjustifled copy, the justification would not be limited to a length coextensive with that portion of the line composed of actual characters but would be distributed throughout an extent, equal to the length of the line for which the machine was originally designed. Thus, the justifying mechanism would not only be operated to produce justification, when no actual characters were being scanned, but due to the different amounts of justification required by lines differing, by a justifiable amount, from the chosen length, the left-hand margin of the justified copy would be irregular.

One of the objects of the present invention, therefore, is to produce mechanism which will distribute the justification, only throughout the extent of the actual typed part of the line and will not produce any justification in that portion of the line in which no actual typing exists. The justification is, therefore, efficiently distributed, only where needed, and further, the left-hand margin of the justified copy is maintained in alignment. I

In justifying certain types of copy, such as a series of narrow short paragraphs of a column, similar to a newspaper column; in devices of the prior art it has been impossible to maintain the alignment of the paragraph indentations, unless the machine employed was designed especially for such narrow columns, since otherwise justification would begin prior to scanning of the print itself. By setting the device of the present invention so that justification begins only at that width of column indicated by the paragraph indentation, no justification is produced until the indentation is reached by the Still another object is to provide a novel line justifying mechanism which is adjustable to properly justify different lengths of copy.

A further object is to provide novel line justifying mechanism which is adjustable to maintain alignment of the left-hand side of columns of different lengths of lines of copy.

Another object is to provide novel justifying mechanism which will produce justification acscanning mechanism, and the alignment of the 1 paragraph indentations is maintained. Accordingly, another object of the present invention is to provide an adjustable justifying device wherein the point or time of initiation of justification can be controlled and alignment of indentation of paragraphs can be maintained.

curately, and in a relatively simple manner.

Still another object is to produce a novel justifying mechanism which is settable to justify different lengths of copy and which automatically uniformly distributes the total justiflcation throughout that part of the line only, which contains characters. 1

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following description and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

which disclose, by way of example, the prin-- ciple of the invention and the best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view prising the invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary detailed sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detailed sectional view, taken on line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the right-hand side of the device of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 55 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale. taken on the line 6-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary detailed sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 1-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a detailed view illustrating the scanning mechanism;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary detailed view of a part of the sensing mechanism for determining the amount of justification required.

Fig. 10 is a partially schematic view illustrating the optical system employed in scanning the copy and producing a photographic justified reproduction.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view illustrating some of the adjusting mechanism employed in presetting the device, so as to adjust the mechanism to justify a chosen length of line.

Fig. 12 is a view, generally similar to Fig. 11, but illustrating the portion of the justifying of the device commechanism employed in selecting one of eight substantially different lengths of line to be 1115- tified.

Fig. 13 is a view, generally similar to Fig. 11, but illustrating the portion of the justifying mechanism employed in moving the film compartment casing.

Fig. 14 is a view, generally similar to Fig. 11, but illustrating the portion of the mechanism employed in automatically setting the machine to produce the amount of justification required by the sensed line of copy.

Fig. 15 is a view, generally similar to Fig. 11, but illustrating the portion of the mechanism for operating the justifying and scanning mechanism in synchronism.

Fig. 16 is a plan view of the adjusting mechanism of Figs. 11 to 15, inclusive.

Fig. 1'1 is an end view of the device of Fig. 16.

Fig. 18 illustrates examples of different lengths of lines of typed copy, before and after justiflcation.

Fig. 19 is a circuit diagram of the operating mechanism of the device.

Referring to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1, 4, and 11 to 17, inclusive, the machine comprises generally a carriage 38 to support the original document or non-justified copy and the sensing apparatus; a carriage 31, to support the scanning apparatus; a carriage 32 to support the photographic material; and mechanism generally designated as 33 comprising the novel adjustable justification producing mechanism (Figs. 11- to 1'1, inclusive) for adjusting the machine to the length of line to be scanned and for producing automatically 9. required amount of justiflcation.

Carriages 38, 31 and 32 are mounted on a base 34 supported by legs 35, and the novel adjustable justifying mechanism is, in the most part, mounted beneath the base 34 (Figs. 11, 12 and 14, for example). A main drive shaft 36 (Fig. 5) is mounted in a housing 31 and bearings 38 and 39, beneath the base 34, and is driven by a motor 40 (Fig. 4) belt 41, pulley 42, pulley 43, belt 44 and pulley 45 driving the gear reduction mechanism (not shown) enclosed in housing 31, to in turn drive shaft 36.

Document carriage Carriage 38, in which the original document or non-justified copy 46 is mounted, comprises a pair of upright frames 41 and 48 (Figs. 1, 4 and 5) secured to base 34. A shaft 48 (Fig. 6) is rotatably mounted between the frames and has attached thereto feed rollers 58 provided with radially extending pins 5| cooperating with holes along the edges of the document 46 to thereby align and advance the document.

Document feeding mechanism comprises a ratchet 52 (Figs. 6 and 7) secured to the righthand end of shaft 48 to drive the same, a pawl 53, mounted on member 54 pivoted on shaft 48, which cooperates with ratchet 52 to drive the ratchet and shaft 48 upon oscillation of member 54. Pawl 53 is spring pressed into engagement with ratchet 52 by a spring 533. A link 55 is pivotally connected at one end to member 54 and at the other end to one arm of lever 56 (Fig. '1) pivotally supported on the frame 48. A rod 51 is connected at one end thereof to the other arm of lever 56 and is pivotally connected by a threaded connection to an arm 58 (Fig, 6) pivotally mounted for oscillation on shaft 59. Shaft 58 (Figs. 2 and 5) which is also oscillatable, as described presently, is supported in brackets 68 and 61 secured to the underside of base 34. A hub 62 (Fig. '1) rigidly connects the arm 58 to a cam follower 63 provided at its free end with a roller 64 cooperating with a cam 65 (Fig. 6) mounted on shaft 36. A spring 66 urges the roller 64 constantly into engagement with the cam 65.

Referring to Fig. 6, rotation of cam 65 in the direction of the arrow, rocks the arms 63 and 58 counter-clockwise about shaft 58 which movement is transmitted; through rod 51, lever 56, link 55. and member 54; to retract the feed pawl 53 one tooth. When the high portion of cam 65 passes roller 64, spring 66 reverses the movement of the linkage just described to advance the pawl 53 to in turn advance ratchet 52 one tooth to rotate the shaft 43 and rollers 55 whereby document 46 is advanced one line space. A roller 61 (Fig. '1) carried by retainer pawl 68 spring biased by spring 68s, cooperates with a 'notched disk 68 secured to ratchet 52 to align and yieldingly hold shaft 48 and the document, in position, Knurled knobs 15 (Fig. 6) are attached to the ends of shaft 48 for manual adjustment of the document. To maintain the document 46 in close engagement with the feed rollers 58, and with a roller 11, a pair of rollers 12, formed with annular grooves to clear the feed pins 51, is provided, one roller on each end of shaft 13. Also mounted on shaft 13 is a roller 14 cooperating with roller 1|. Shaft 13 is supported between the arms 15 pivotally supported on studs 16 projecting inwardly from frames 41 and 48. Arms 15 may be rotated manually to facilitate insertion of a new document, stops 11 (Fig. 5) being provided in the frames to limit their movement. The original document or nonjustified copy may comprise a letter or other typewritten document or it may be in the form of a comparatively long strip of paper comprising a roll, which is fed, line by line, past the scanning mechanism.

Scanning carriage The scanning carriage, generally designed as 31, is mounted to travel on a bar 18 (Fig. 8) supported by uprights 1918 secured to the base 34. The carriage is provided with three knife edged rollers 88, two of which travel in a groove along the upper edge of the bar 18, the remaining or lower roller travelling along a groove in the bottom edge of bar 18 (Fig. 5). In order to maintain an accurate alignment of the scanning carriage, the lower roller 88 is mounted on an arm 81 (Fig. 8) which is pivotally supported on the carriage body 31b. A spring 82 tensioned between the carriage body and the free end of arm 81 presses the rollers 88 into the respective grooves. The movement of the carriage body 3lb of the scanning carriage 31 is controlled by a cam 83 mounted on the drive shaft 36 for rotation therewith. Cam 83 cooperates with a roller 84 on a lever 65 mounted for oscillation on a rock-shaft 86 mounted in bracket 38 and in a bracket 61 (Fig. 5) secured to the base 34. A spring 88 having one of its ends fast to an extension a of lever 85 presses the roller 84 into engagement with the periphery of cam 83. As cam 83 rotates in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 8), spring 88 rocks the lever 85 clockwise. shifting the body 3|b of the scanning carriage toward the right until the low portion of the cam 83 is under the roller 84, at which point the carriage body 3112 is in its extreme right-hand position. Continued rotation of the cam 83 reverses the direction of movement of the lever 85 and of the scanning carriage body 3Ib, moving it from right to left. It is during this latter movement, as indicated by the arrow (Fig. 8), that the actual scanning occurs.

Mounted on carriage body 3Ib for reciprocation therewith is an optical system 89 (Figs. and This system comprises a tube 89a in which are mounted lenses 99 and 9 I. Between the lenses is mounted a masking disk 92, while a second masking disk 93 is fixed to the right-hand end of the tube 99a. Adjacent disk 93 is a shutter 94 provided with an opening 95 to be aligned with the opening. 98 in disk 93. Shutter 94 is slidably mounted in a sleeve 91 forming a part of the lens mounting. Upon operation of the utter 94, as described presently, the aperture thereof is movedv out of alignment with aperture 99 in disk 93 to render the optical system ineffective during the return movement of the scanning carriage. Lamps 98 (Figs. 4 and 5) mounted on a bracket 99 (Fig. 8) secured to the carriage body 3Ib, provide illumination on the original document 49, the image of whose typewritten characters is projected by the lens system (Fig. 10) onto a film I99 to produce the photographic reproduction of the characters.

During the reciprocation of the carriage body 3Ib by the lever 85, as described above, the shutter 94 is operated to render the lens system inoperative during the return movement of the carriage. Shutter 94 is slidably mounted in sleeve 91, as stated above, and as the carriage body 3Ib travels to the left (Fig. 8) the shutter 94 strikes a stop I9I, adjustably mounted on a plate I92 secured to the bar 18, preventing the shutter from moving farther to the left. The carriage body 3"), however, travels a short distance after the shutter 94 is stopped, so that the shutter is slidably shifted and its aperture 95 is moved out of line with aperture 95 in masking disk 93 (Fig. 10) thereby rendering the optical system inoperative. The shutter remains in its new position during the return movement of the carriage and until the carriage body 3Ib approaches the right hand limit of its travel (Fig. 8) at which time shutter 94 engages stop member I93 adjustably supported on a plate I94, secured to the bar 19, thereby shifting the shutter to bring its aperture 95 into alignment with the masking aperture 99 to render the optical system operative. As the carriage body moves to the left (Fig. 8) during this actual scanning stroke, the line of typed matter is scanned and reproduced in photographic negative form on film I99.

An elongated opening is provided in the casing 320 of the film carriage (Fig. 5) through which projects the reduced end 9111 of the sleeve 91 as the scanning carriage body 3| b is reciprocated during the operation of the machine. In order to protect the unexposed film I99 against exposure to extraneous light, a slide I95 is provided. This slide is of sufficient length so that the opening in casing 32c is covered at all times, regardless of the position of the scanning carriage body 3 lb. Slide I95 is mounted in grooves, formed by the plates I99 secured to casing 320 and by the casing itself. The reduced end 91a of sleeve 91 projects through the slide I95 and into the casing 32c, as stated above, so that the reciprocatory movement of the scanning carriage body 3Ib is transmitted to the slide, which slide thereby travels back and forth with the scanning carriage body.

Sensing mechanism Sensing mechanism, for automatically determining the amount of justification required for any length of line of typing, is provided and is illustrated in the present embodiment as separate from the scanning means and comprising a portion thereof mounted on the document carriage 3,9 and another portion mounted beneath the base 34. Referring to Fig. 18, three lines of typed copy, before and after justification, are illustrated therein. At the end of each line of typing, there is typed an opaque spot indicated as I91. This spot is sensed, by mechanism to be described presently, in order to automatically determine the extent of justification required for each line. Justification is then automatically effected by moving the film carriage in the opposite direction to and in synchronism with the scanning carriage movement during the actual scanning stroke, as described in detail later, whereby there i produced a photographic copy or replica whose lines are uniformly justified throughout their respective extents.

A pressure plate I98 (Figs. 5 and 6) is pivoted on arms I99 depending from a bar II9 which in turn is pivotally supported in brackets III secured to the sides of members 41 and 48 (see also Fig. 7). A spring II2 (Fig. 6) having one end fast on an arm II3 secured at a right angle to one end of bar II9, presses the plate I98 into engagement with the copy 46. An elongated opening I I4 in plate I99 exposes a single line of typed matter, the image of which is to be projected by the lens system 89 onto film I99, as the scanning carriage sweeps across the copy 46. At the left end of pressure plate I99 (Fig. 6), the opening I I4 is enlarged, at I Mo, to expose the next lower line to be sequentially scanned. Directly to the right of enlarged opening II4a (Fig. 5) is mounted a prism H5 in a housing II6 mounted on a condenser housing I I1 supported by plate II1a mounted on base 34. A condenser len H9 is mounted within housing II1 above an opening II9a in base 34. Directly below the condenser lens is located a light source II9 supported on a bracket I29 secured to the underside of base 34 (Fig. 6). Also supported on the bracket I29 is a reflector I2I.

A photocell I22 (Fig. 5) is mounted in a housing I23 supported by frames 41 and 48 of the document carriage 39. Photocell I22 lies directly opposite the prism II5 (Fig. 5) so that the light from source I I9 is projected through condenser lens H8 and into prism II5, which changes its direction, to project the light rays upon photocell I22. The opening II4a in plate I98 coincides with a slot I 24 (Fig. 9) in the casing I23.

A slide I 25 (Figs. 6 and 9) located within casing I23 opposite the prism H5 is pivotally connected at one end to an arm I29 (Fig. 6) pivoted On a stud I21 projecting from a bracket I28 (Fig. 7) secured to the base 34. Secured to the other end of slide I 25 is a. plate I29 (Fig. 5) having a disk I39 (Figs. 6 and 9) fast thereon. The disk I 39 fits into the slot I24 and is adapted to be reciprocated therein to thereby support and guide the combined slide I25I29.

The plate I29 of slide I25-I29 is pressed into close engagement with the inside surface of the casing I23 by means of two springs I3I (only one shown Fig. 9) attached to plate I29 and tensioned between two angle members I32 (Fig. 5) disposed one above and one below the plate I29.

A lever I33 (Figs. 6 and 7) is pivoted on stud I21 adjacent the arm I26 and has secured to its upper end a formed member I34 embracing the arm I25. Member I34 carries an adjusting screw I35 which serves to adjust the position of the combined slide I-I29. A link I (Fig. 6) connects the lower arm of lever I33 to an arm I31 fast on shaft 59, to which shaft, as described presently, is fastened an arm I38 (Fig. 3).

As described in detail later, upon rotation of a cam I40 (Fig. 3), a spring I4I cooperating with cam I40 rocks the roller I39, arm I36, and shaft 59, first clockwise and then counterclockwise, to feed the film I00 in order to bring an unexposed portion thereof in line with the optical system. Clockwise movement of shaft 59 and of arm I31 (Fig. 6) is transmitted to link I35 to in turn rock lever I33 clockwise (Fig. 6). Upon clockwise movement of lever I33, a spring I42; tensioned between the slide I25--I29 and a bracket I43, secured to base 34; draws the slide I25I29 to the right, maintaining arm I26 in engagement with the adjusting screw I35.

An aperture I44 (Figs. 6 and 9) is provided, extending through the plate I29 and the disk I30, and the rays of light from the source I I9 are projected through opening II8a, condenser lens H8, prism H5, aperture II4a, through the copy 45, and aperture I44 to the photocell I22. As the aperture I44 is moved, towards the end of a line of typing, photocell I22 is energized until the aperture I44 coincides with an opaque spot I01 at the end of a line of typed material, at which time the light rays reaching photocell I22 are interrupted thereby deenergizing the cell. This deenergization controls a solenoid I45 (Fig. 19) as described in detail later, which controls the novel justifying mechanism, described in detail later, to predetermine the distance that the film casing carrying the film is to be moved during the next succeeding scanning operation, that is, the amount that the next line is to be justified is automatically predetermined.

The amount of justification required to bring all lines of approximately one chosen length, to the same length, is therefore determined by the opaque spot I01 at the end of the line of typed material. It has been found that this amount of justification usually falls within a limit of eight character spaces, with the exception of the last line of a paragraph, which may be of any length. As described later, novel mechanism is provided whereby the justifying means of the present invention can be manually adjusted to justify substantially different chosen lengths of typed lines and any line whose spot I01 falls within the extent of eight character spaces of the right-hand end, of the chosen length of line, will be lengthened an amount determined by the sensing of the opaque spot I01, as described above.

Film carriage The film carriage, generally designated as 32, comprises the light tight casing 320 in which is supported a roll of the film I00, so that the film may be unrolled and fed, by means described presently, past the lens system 89, whose reduced end portion 910. extends into the casing 320, as described above. Casing 320 is mounted on a base plate I46 which is secured to cross bars I41 and I46 extending transversely of the machine. The underside of bar I48 is provided with a longitudinally extending groove which embraces and rests upon anti-friction balls I49 carried in the groove in the upper edge of a rail I50 secured to base 34. Bar I41 is also mounted on anti-friction balls I49 supported in a groove in the upper edge of a rail I5I supported by base 34. Retaining clips I52 (Fig. 5) secured to the rails I50 and I5I have their upper ends bent over the bars to prevent displacement of the film carriage casing but permit movement of the casing along the rails I50 and I5I by the novel justifying mechanism to be presently described.

When the film I00 is unwound from its roll, it passes around a pair of feed rollers I53 (only one shown, Fig. 5) secured to a shaft I54 supported in the side plate of the casing 32c. Tension rollers I55 (Fig. 5) carried on arms I56 mounted on a shaft I51 are urged by springs I56 against the feed rollers I54 to provide sufficient tension for feeding the film. The film passes between a guide plate I59 (Fig. 5) and a cross bar I60 suitably supported in the casing 320, thence upward through a chute I5I and between a roller I52 and a deflector plate I63, where it is coiled as indicated at I64 in a receiving box I55. The roller I62 is mounted on shaft I65 supported in the end pieces of the film receiver I65. The film receiver I65 is detachably held in position on top of the film supply chamber 320 by two spring retainers I61 (Fig. 4), one of which is disposed on each end of the chamber 320, which retainers cooperate with pins projecting from the end pieces of the receiver. When in this position, receiver I65 forms a light tight connection with the film chamber 320.

In order to introduce the leading end of the film between the feed rollers I53 (Fig. 5) and the tension rollers I55, the end of the shaft I51 projects beyond the casing 320 and has 56- cured thereto arm I68 (Fig. 4). By moving this arm counterclockwise, the operator may rotate the shaft I51 in the same direction, to move the rollers I55 out of contact with the feed roller.

Referring now to Fig. 2, a feed pawl I69, carried on one end of a lever I10 pivotally mounted on the shaft I54, is spring urged by spring I693, into engagement with a ratchet wheel I" secured to the shaft I54. A link I12 connects the other end of the lever I10 to the free end of an arm I13 secured to the shaft 59 (see also Fig. 3). The bell-crank I38 also secured to the shaft 59 carries the anti-friction roller I39 which is maintained in cooperative relation with the cam I40, fast on the shaft 36, by a spring I having one end fast to the bell-crank I38.

As the cam I40 (Fig. 3) rotates in a clockwise direction, as indicated by the arrow, the spring I4I cooperates with the cam to rock the bell-crank I38, shaft 59 and arm I13 also clockwise, thereby lowering the link I12. This rocks the lever I10 counterclockwise (Fig. 2) to advance the ratchet I1I, shaft I54 and feed roller I53 (Fig. 5), one step. In this manner the film is advanced one line space. Further rotation of cam I40 reverses the direction of movement of the train just described, retracting the feed pawl I69 one tooth.

A retaining finger I14 (Fig. 4) is spring urged by spring I14s into engagement with a serrated disk I15, fast on the opposite end of shaft I54,

to align the feed rollers I53 and consequently the film.

A knob I16 (Fig. 1) secured to the shaft I54 adjacent the ratchet I1I (Figs. 1 and 2) permits manual operation of the feed rollers I53. While means for feeding a roll of film, step by step, have been disclosed, it is to be understood that this is merely indicative of any equivalent means for feeding sensitized material, step by step, one line space at a time.

Novel justifying mechanism is also provided, as will now be described, whereby the film casing 320 is moved in synchronism with the scanning system 89 and in the opposite direction, so that the length of the photographically reproduced copy is properly automatically justified in accordance with the amount of justification needed, as determined by the sensing mechanism, as described above.

Justifying mechanism Justification is effected by laterally moving the film upon which the image is being projected. The film is moved in the opposite direction to the movement of the scanning lens and in synchroism with the scanning movement of the lens. The novel justifying means of the present invention comprise not only means for producing justification automatically under control of the sensing mechanism, as described above, but also means whereby the justifying mechanism can be manually preset, in accordance with the length of printed line to be scanned, so that the justification is initiated at such a time as to distribute the justification, only over that portion of the reproduced line which contains printed matter, so that the evenness of the left-hand margin of the column of printed matter is retained, despite the justification of different lengths of copy.

Referring to Fig. 5, it is seen, as described in detail above, that the film casing 320 is mounted for lateral movement on the rails I50 and I Projecting downwardly from the bottom of the casing are a. pair of blocks 32b, 32b, (only one shown in Fig. 13). The casing 320 is spring biased (by means not shown) to continually urge the blocks 321) against the levers II'I (Fig. 13) these levers I'I'I being controlled in their movement by the novel justifying mechanism to be presently described, to permit the spring biasing means, controlling the lateral movement of casing 320, to move the casing in accordance with the controlled movement of levers Ill. The levers I'I'I are also rotated clockwise (Fig. 13) to move the blocks 32b, and therefore casing 320, against the force of the biasing means, to reset the film carriage to zero or normal position.

The novel justifying mechanism comprises a plurality of eight cam plates Il8a to "8h, inclusive (Fig. 16), mounted for rotation in a group about a pivot I19 (Fig. 12) and spring biased for clockwise rotation as a group by spring I80 acting on arm "90:. Each of the cam plates is provided with an end cam surface I8Ia to I8Ih, respectively, adapted to engage a slidable roller I82 (Figs. 14 and 16) mounted for sliding movement on rods I83 and I84 under control of a fork I85. The roller I82 is slidably actuated into alignment with one of the cam surfaces I8Ia to I8Ih, inclusive, selectively in accordance with the amount of justification required by the particular line sensed. Fork I85 is adjusted in position in accordance with the time of energization of solenoid I45 (Figs. 16 and 19) which time is determined by the position of the opaque spot I01 (Fig. 18) of the line sensed. The positioning of the fork I85 is controlled by mechanism to be described presently.

The oscillation of the plate cams II8a to II8h, inclusive, is controlled by a roller I86 (Fig. 12) mounted on an arm I81 connected to the slidable hub member I88. Hub I88 is slidable axially with respect to shaft 36 to adjust the position of roller 78 I 86 beneath a selected one of the cam plates by means of mechanism to be described presently.

Roller I86 is thereby selectively set to engage one out of the group of lower cam surfaces I89a to I89h, inclusive, each respectively on cam plates II8a to H811, inclusive. The cam surfaces I89a to I 89h, inclusive, have different cam contours whereby the movement of roller I86, as it is oscillated under and in engagement with the selected cam surfaces, cooperates with these cam surfaces to produce, respectively, different amounts of dwell, during which dwell the cam plates H801 to II8h, inclusive, are not permitted to oscillate clockwise. This dwell is synchronized with the scanning of that part of the scanned line which has no typed characters therein, so that no justification occurs at this time, justification occurring only when characters are actually scanned whereby the entire justification is dis- 20 tributed, over that portion only, of the reproduced line, which contains typed characters. For example, plate cam I'I8a has no effective dwell and its cam surface I89a is so designed that the roller I86 passes immediately, during its clockwise oscillation, onto the active portion of cam surface I89a, so that plate cam I 18a begins to oscillate in a clockwise direction, immediately, whereby the amount of justification; selected by the slidable adjustment of roller I82 under control of fork I85; is distributed throughout the length of the line reproduced on the film. Roller I 86, therefore, is selectively positioned under plate cam I'I8a, when the longest desired length of typewritten line is to be scanned.

Plate cam II8h is provided with the greatest amount of dwell and its lower cam surface I89h is therefore so designed that during a great portion of the oscillation of roller I86, which is synchronized with the scanning movement of the 40 scanning lens, no justification is produced. During the latter portion of the scanning movement, however, the roller I86 will engage with the active part of the surface I89h and will permit clockwise rotation of the plate cams H811 to H872. to initiate justification. It is seen, therefore, that roller I86 will be selectively positioned beneath plate cam I'I8h when the shortest desired length of typewritten line is to be justified. The other plate cams I'l8b to I'I8g, inclusive, are selectively chosen by movement of roller I86, when lengths of line, intermediate between the longest and the shortest desired, are to be scanned.

The roller I86 is rotated by the arm I81 and the hub assembly I88, in a manner described in detail later. Means, now to be described, are provided for axially sliding the hub I88 so that roller I86 may be adjusted to a position beneath a selected one of the plate cams, in accordance with the length of line to be justified.

A curved lever I90 (Fig. 12) is provided with forked ends I 90a and I90b (Fig. 17) embracing a shaft I9I and is attached thereto, at an intermediate portion of the lever I90, to control the axial and rotative movement of this shaft. As lever I90 is pulled outwardly, (Fig. 1 2) a pin I90b is disengaged from and clears a cooperating indentation I92, formed in a flange 34f of the base 84. A series of these indentations I 92 is provided, one for each of eight uniformly distributed rotative positions of the lever I90.

As lever I90 is rotated, its calibrated end plate I90p (Fig. 17) is also rotated and in conjunction with the index mark I90m presents a visual indication of the length of line to be justified and for which the mechanism is set.

As lever I98 is rotated, the shaft |9I (Fig. 12) is similarly rotated to oscillate the gear sector I92, mounted on, and for rotation with, shaft I9I. The sector I92 meshes with the gear sector I93, pivoted at I94, for oscillation upon rotation of shaft HI and sector I92. Pivot I94 is suitably mounted for rotation, and upon rotation of this pivot, its arm I95 carrying pin I96 is oscillated. Pin I96 engages a grooved cooperating element in the hub I88 whereby the hub is axially shifted so that the roller I86 carried by arm I81 of hub I88 is located beneath a chosen one of the plate cams I18a to H611, inclusive, in accordance with the amount of rotation of lever I98, as indicated by, the index plate I98 and index mark I98m. By the proper setting of lever I98, the roller I86 will be positioned to engage with that one of the cam surfaces 189a to I89h, inclusive, corresponding to the length of line to be scanned.

As lever I98 is pulled outwardly, and prior to rotative adjustment thereof, shaft I9I (Fig. 11) is slidably axially actuated against the restoring force of spring I9 Is. A circumferentially extending groove I9Ig is engaged by a U-shaped member I91, fastened to one end of shaft I98 (Fig. 16) suitably mounted for rotation. As shaft I9I is axially shifted, member I91 is oscillated to in turn oscillate the shaft I98. A lever member I99 (Figs. 11 and 16) is attached to shaft I98 for rotation therewith. Movement of lever I99 is transmitted by a link 288 pivotally connected to lever 28I, mounted for oscillation on shaft 86. Lever 28I carries, at its upper extremity, a roller 282, and upon oscillation of lever 28I, roller 282 engages the cam surface 28311 of a cam plate 283 connected to the cam plates I18a to I18h, inclusive, which are all joined together for simultaneous oscillation about pivot I19, by means of spacers 284 and rivet 285. When lever I98 is pulled outwardly, as stated above, roller 282 is oscillated clockwise over the cam surface 283a, to thereby lift the cam plate 283 and the attached cam plate assembly I18a to I18h, inclusive, until the plate assembly is entirely free of its controlling roller I86, so that the roller I86 may be manually adjusted in position beneath the desired plate cam, as described above. After lever I98 is pulled outwardly and also rotated to selectively position roller I86, it is released, and under the restoring force of spring I9Is, pin I98b is held in a cooperating indentation I92, corresponding to the index setting of the lever I98, until lever I98 is again pulled outwardly to rotatably adjust its position in accordance with another desired length of line to be justified.

Means are provided for oscillating th roller I86, in step with the scanning of the copy to be justified, and comprise a link 284 (Fig. pivotally connected to the scanning arm 85 which is oscillated under control of cam 83, as described above. Link 284 is also pivotally connected to lever 285 (Fig. 16) which is integrally connected to lever 281 by a sleeve member 286 mounted for rotation on shaft 288. Lever 281 is pivotally connected to a lever 288 (Figs. 15 and 16) which, in turn, is pivotally connected to a lever 289, integral with a sleeve member 2I8 mounted for rotation on shaft 36. Sleeve member 2 I8 is mounted concentrically within the hub member I88 and is connected to this hub member, to rotate the same, by means of a key 2| I. The hub I88, therefore, is rotatable under control of the sleeve 2I8 but is freely and slidably positionable, axially of shaft 36, by slidable movement upon sleeve 2I8.

After roller I86 has been selectively positioned beneath the chosen plate cam and lever I98 has been released so that the chosen one, of the plate cam surfaces I89a to I89h, inclusive, is in engagement with roller I86, oscillation of lever to produce scanning movement of the scanning lens is also transmitted via linkage 284 and elements 288, 286, 281, 288 and 289 to the sleeve member 2I8 and via the key 2 to the hub I88 whereby roller arm I 81 and roller I86 are oscillated, beneath the chosen plate cam and in engagement with the proper cam surface, in synchronism with the scanning movement. As roller I86 oscillates beneath the chosen plate cam, the plate cam assembly is first permitted to dwell, for a period dependent upon the length of dwell surface of the selected plate cam, and is then permitted to oscillate clockwise to initiate justification by moving the selected one of the cam surfaces Illa to I8Ih, inclusive, over the roller I82 (Figs. 14 and 16) which roller is adjustably positioned in accordance with the degree of justification required, so that the levers I11 (Fig. 13) which carry roller I82 and whose movement is controlled by roller I82 and the chosen cam surface, are oscillated in accordance with the positions of roller I82, as determined by the selected one of the engaging cam surfaces I8Ia to I8Ih, inclusive.

Means are provided, which will now be described, to oscillate the levers I11, whereby the blocks 32b and the casing 320 are reset, at the proper time in the cycle, and to release the levers I11 for movement under control of the roller I82 and the selected cam surface upon initiation of scanning movement. A cam 2I2 (Fig. 13) is mounted on shaft 36 for rotation therewith and cooperates with the roller 2I3 connected to arm 2 attached to shaft 2I5. The pair of arm ,I11 are connected to shaft 2I5 so that the posi ion of arms I11 at one portion of a cycle is determined by the coaction of roller 2I3 and the cam surface of cam 2I2. In the position, as illustrated in Fig. 13, the roller 2I3 is held, free of the cam surface of cam 2I2, since roller I82 is riding on the extreme lower end of one of the plate cams. When the plate cams are lowered, roller 2I3 will engage the surface of the cam 2I2 which at the proper time in the cycle of operation oscillates levers I11 clockwise to restore the film carriage to its zero or normal position against the force of its biasing means. During scanning of the copy, however, the low portion of the cam 2 I 2 is presented to roller 2I3, so that the engagement of roller I82 and the selected one of the controlling cam surfaces I8Ia to I8Ih, inclusive, determines the movement of the arms I11 and therefore the degree of movement of the casing 320, during the scanning of the copy. Casing 32c and the film I88 are therefore moved, in the opposite direction to the scanning movement, and to a degree dependent upon the particular one of the cam surfaces I8Ia to I8Ih, inclusive, with which roller I82 is engaged. The selection of the particular cam surface is controlled by the sensing mechanism and that portion of the novel justifying mechanism, now to be described.

Fork I85 (Fig. 14) is attached to a slidable member 2I6 (see also Fig. 16) mounted for sliding movement in grooves 2I1 by projections 2I6a integral with member 2I6. Member 2I6 is provided with a plurality of teeth 2 I lit, (Fig. 16) each of which is engageable by the hooked end 2I8a. of arm 2I8 pivoted at 2I9. Armature I45a of solenoid I45 is pivotally connected to arm 2I8 to thereby oscillate the arm 2I8 about the pivot 2I8 against the resistance of a spring 2I8s, when solenoid I45 is energized. Upon sensing of an opaque spot I01 (Fig. 18) the solenoid I 45 is energized, as described later, armature M511 is attracted to pull the hooked end 8:; of arm I I8 into engagement with the particular tooth 2I6t of slidable member 2I6 which is aligned with the hooked end 2I8a. Means are provided, as described presently, to move the slidable member 2I6 in synchronism with the sensing mechanism. While the sensing slide I25-I29 (Figs. 6 and 9) is being moved from left to right (Fig. 6), the slidable member 2I6 (Fig. 16) is moved downwardly, in synchronism with the movement of sensing slide I25-I29. The position of member H6 is therefore continuously coordinated with that of the sensing slide I25-I20 so that the position of member 2| 6, when an opaque spot I01 (Fig. 18) is sensed, is a measure of the amount of justification required as indicated by the position of spot I01, which position is automatically ascertained by the sensing mechanism, as previously described.

The means employed to actuate member 2I6 in synchronism with the slide I25I29 comprise a link 220 (Fig. 16) pivotally connected to member 2I6 and to a link 22I, which, in turn, is connected by the universal connecting member 222 to a link 223. Link 220 is provided with an abutting section 220a (Fig. 16), which abuts an eccentric cam member 22Ia mounted on link 22I, upon clockwise rotation of link 22I. The eccentric member can be rotatably adjusted to determine the exact time at which link 220 is .positively driven by link 22I. A spring 224 interconnects the links 220 and 22I and continuously urges the cam member 22Ia towards the abutting section 220a. When slidable member 2I6 is held, by engagement between a tooth 2I6t and the hooked end 2I8a of arm 2I8, the spring 224 holds the tooth 2I6t against the hooked end 2l8a while the links 220 and HI are further separated against the force of spring 224 (as shown in Fig. 16) during continued operation of the driving mechanism. Link 223 is connected by a second universal connecting member 222 to one end 225a of a bell-crank member 225. Bellcrank 225 is pivoted for rotation about shaft 86 (Fig. 14) and is provided with a driven roller 2251* held in engagement with cam 226 by spring 221 connected at one end to a lug 2251) of bell-crank 225 and at the other end to pin 221p connected to frame 34. Cam 226 is fastened to shaft 36, so that this cam 226 which controls the driving mechanism for slidable member 2I6, is driven by the shaft that rotates shaft 59 (Fig. 3) which shaft 50 through arm I31 (Fig. 6), link I36 and arm I33, controls the reciprocation of the sensing slide I25I29. Rotation of cam 226 oscillates bell-crank member 225 clockwise about shaft 86, while spring 221 pulls the member 225 counterclockwise when roller 2251- engages the depressed portion of cam 226. Counterclockwise rotation of member 225 pulls the link 223 (Fig. 14) to the left to actuate link 22I (Fig. 16) so that cam member 22Ia engages the abutment 220a of link 220 to shift the member 2I6 upwardly, as viewed in Fig. 16, to return the slide to its normal position. As the sensing slide I25-I29 moves from left to right (Fig. 6) to automatically determine the position of the opaque spot I01 (Fig. 18) roller 2251 (Fig. 14) is engaged by the rising portion of cam 226 to oscillate member 225 clockwise to shift the lever 223 (Fig. 14) to the right, to actuate link Hi.

As link 22I is urged counterclockwise (Fig. 16), spring 224 similarly rotates link 220 to pull the slide 2I6 downwardly, in synchronism with the movement of sensing lide I25--I29. The teeth 2I6t of member 2I6 move, one by one, past the hooked end 2I8a, until a spot I01 (Fig. 18) is sensed, whereupon solenoid I45 is energized, as described presently, to attract its armature I45a to oscillate arm 2I8 clockwise (Fig. 16) to thereby engage the hook 2 I8a with the chosen tooth 2 I 6t, to hold the slide member in position. Spring connection 224 permits continued operation of the driving mechanism, while the slide 2I6 is held in the chosen position. As the slide 2I6 was moved, roller I82 carried thereby was similarly moved by fork I85, so that the roller I82 was positioned in accordance with the amount of justification required. The fork I85 engages an arm 221a (Fig. 14) of a member 221, which arm is provided with a slot riding on the rod I04. Member 221 is also mounted for movement axially of rod I83. Arm 2211) of member 221 carries the roller I82 which is thereby selectively positioned in line with the proper one of the cam surfaces IBIa to I8I h, inclusive, (Fig. 16) in accordance with the degree of justification required. As the cam plates oscillate downwardly, the levers I11 (Figs. 13 and 14) are moved in accordance with the selected cam contour, as previously described, and the blocks 32b attached to spring biased film casing 320 (Figs. 5 and 13) are shifted transversely and in the opposite direction to scanning, whereby the casing is similarly shifted and the reproduced photographic copy of the line of characters scanned is elongated to the extent required to produce the desired amount of justification.

Wiring diagram Referring to Fig. 19, the wiring diagram of the operating mechanism of the device is illustrated therein. Power is supplied by the mains 228 and 229. Lines 230 and 23I controlled by a switch 232 supply energy to the motor 40 and to lamp H9 for sensing the spots I01 (Fig. 18). A pair of cam operated contacts 0T2 are connected in series with lamp IIO to control the energization thereof after power is supplied. Contacts CT2 are timed to close, during the sensing period only, and are opened at the end of the sensing stroke of slide I25-I29 thereby rendering photocell I22 inoperative during the return stroke of sensing slide I25I29.

A transformer primary 233 is connected by switch 234 to bus bars 228 and 229. One secondary coil 235 supplies energy to the scanning lamps 08 (only one shown in Fig. 19). Another secondary coil 236 supplies energy to the filament of a full wave rectifier 231 whose plate current is supplied by another secondary winding 238. An amplifier comprising tubes 239a and I39b is controlled by the photocell I22, in turn controlled by sensing lamp I I9 and the opaque spots I01 of the sensed copy. The amplifier in turn controls the energization of relay coil 240. When the sensing aperture I44 (Fig. 6) senses an opaque spot I01 (Fig. 18), current through photocell I22 decreases, to produce plate current flow in the amplifier and energization of coil 240. Energization of the relay coil 240 attracts its armature 240a. to close a circuit, from the center tap of the secondary 236, line 24I, contacts 240a oi relay 240, line 242, cam contacts GT4, which are closed at this time by a suitable timed cam drive, solenoid I45, line 243 to the center tap of secondary 238. Solenoid I45 is thereby energized to attract its armature I45a (Fig. 16) to lock the slide member 2I6 in position to thereby locate roller I82 in alignment with the proper justifying cam surface, as previously described.

Since the relay 248 is energized, momentarily only, closure of contacts 2480 is also employed to energize a relay 2 provided with contacts 2480, which are closed upon encrgization of relay 244, to establish a holding circuit for relay I45 to hold it energized for the duration of the scanning operation, in order to hold the hooked end 2I8a of arm 2! (Fig. 16) in engagement with a tooth of member 2I8, thereby maintaining roller I82 in engagement with its selected cam surface, throughout the justifying portion of a complete cycle. Shortly after scanning and justifying are completed, the cam contacts CTI open, deenergizing the solenoid I45, whereupon spring 2I8s (Fig. 16) disengages the hooked end 2I8a of arm 2I8 from the engaged tooth 2I6t of member 2I6, and member 2I6 is released to be controlled by its actuating mechanism whereby it is restored to its initial position, as described above, preparatory to initiation of another justifying operation.

If the line scanned is of the same length as that to which the line is to be justified, the point in the cycle of operations at which slot I coincides with this particular spot I81; as, for example, in the second line of Fig. 18; is such that cam contacts GT4 have not yet been closed, so that energization of relay 248 produces no energization of relay I45. The teeth of the slide memher 2 I 6, therefore, are not engaged by the hooked end 2 I811 of member 2 l8 and roller I82 drops (Fig. 16) until it is aligned with the stop bracket I82s, which is the limit of movement of the roller I82. In this position, oscillation of the roller I82 about the shaft 2I5 (Fig. 14) is prevented, so that the levers I'I'I, blocks 32b and the film casing 320, are maintained in the normal position throughout the entire scanning cycle. Likewise, if the amount of justification required is more than eight units, the roller I82 is similarly moved into alignment with stop I82s, and no ustincation ensues.

Operation At the end of a cycle, the scanning carriage body 3Ib (Fig. 8) is in its extreme left-hand position, having just completed scanning of a line of copy and being about to return to its original position. The film casing 320 has been moved the full justifying amount permitted by the roller I82 and the particular chosen cooperating cam surface, and cam 2I2 (Fig. 13) acting through roller 2I3 and arm 2, is about to rotate the levers I11 clockwise, to restore the casing 320 to its normal non-justifying position. The slide member 2I6 has been returned to its upper (Fig. 6) or normal position and roller I82 is in line with the cam surface I8Ia. During the first part of the cycle; the scanning carriage body 82b is restored towards the right (Fig. 8); the film feed mechanism advances the film one line space to bring an unexposed portion in line with the scanning lens system; and during this portion of the cycle, the sensing slide I25-I29 (Fig. 6) moves to the right to sense the line of :copy, beginning beyond its end and moving towards an opaque spot I81 (Fig. 18). As the slide I25-I28 is moved to the right (Fig. 6), slidable member 2l6 is maintained for one unit justification amount, in the position as shown in Fig. 16, and if the line sensed requires one unit of justification, lever 2I8 will be actuated, as in Fig. 16. when more than one unit amount of justification is required, member 2I8 is pulled downwardly, in synchronism with slide I25-I28 until an opaque spot I81 is sensed whereupon photocell I22 (Figs. 5 and 19) is rendered operative to produce a plate current flow in amplifier 2280, 288?), to energize the relay coil 248. If the sensing slot I has passed that position corresponding to the end of a length of line in which no justification is required (under which condition, member 2 I8 drops into alignment with stop I823, since solenoid I" is not energized, all as described above), cam contacts CTI are now closed and solenoid I48 is energized to attractits armature I480. to engage the hooked end 2I8a and a tooth 2I8t to stop the slide member 2I8, so that roller I82 is aligned with the proper cam surface for the amount of justification required. As soon as sensing is completed, the document feed rollers are actuated to advance the copy 46, one line space, to bring the line, just sensed, into scanning position or in alignment with opening H4 in plate I88. Contacts 0T2 open at the end of the sensing stroke to deenergize lamp II! (Figs. 6 and 19).

At the completion of its restoring movement, the scanning carriage begins its scanning stroke and simultaneously the film casing 32c is moved synchronously therewith, under control of the arms I11, whose oscillation is controlled by roller I82 cooperating with the particular selected cam surface. The scanning stroke is fixed, so that in scanning short lines, the scanning lens will be aligned merely with the blank part of a line, during a portion of the scanning stroke. The length of the justifying stroke of the film carriage, however, may vary fi'om one to eight points, depending upon the variation of the length of the line scanned-from the true full length, which scanned line was previously sensed to determine its required justification, as described above. It is to be particularly noted, that this justification is not coextensive with the scanning movement but that due to the manual adjustment of lever I98 to the chosen index point position, as indicated by index plate I881) and index mark I98m, roller I86 cooperates with the proper one of the cam surfaces I88a to I89h, so that no justification ensues until the printed matter of a line, is actually being scanned, and the justification is therefore distributed only, throughout the length of the scanning of actual printed matter in any line. This justification is produced by movement of the film casing 320 simultaneously with, and in the opposite direction to, scanning of the actual printing only. In this manner the image of the scanned line, projected upon the film, is reproduced, lengthened the amount required for justification, and further, the left-hand margin of a reproduced copy is maintained in alignment. By adjusting the device to the length of line as measured by an indentation of a paragraph, in a series of short narrow columns of typed matter, no justification is produced until the scanning lens reaches the paragraph indentation, so that the left-hand margin is maintained in alignment and the paragraph indentations are also so maintained.

Novel justifying mechanism is therefore provided whereby substantially difierent lengths of lines of copy may be justified efficiently, and wherein the left-hand margin of all justified copies are maintained in alignment.

While there has been shown and described and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a single modification, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated, and in its operation, may be made by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a device of the character described, a copy bearing non-justified lines, means to support a light sensitive material, means to scan said copy and project the image of the line thereof upon said material, means to produce a relative movement between said support means and said copy and comprising a plurality of cam surfaces, and means to select any one cam surface in accordance with the amount of justification required.

2. In a device of the character described, a copy bearing non-justified lines, means to support a light sensitive material, means to scan said copy and project the image of the lines thereof upon said material, means to produce a relative movement between said support means and said copy and comprising a plurality of cam surfaces, means to select any one of said cam surfaces in accordance with the degree of Justification required, a second plurality of cam surfaces, and means to render effective a selected one only of said second plurality, in accordance with the average length of line to be scanned.

3. In a device of the character described, a copy bearing non-justified lines, means to support a light sensitive material, means to scan said copy and project the image of the lines thereof upon said material, and means to produce a relative movement between said support means and said copy comprising double acting cam means for determining the amount of and distribution of said relative movement.

4. In a device of the character described, a copy bearing non-justified lines, means to support a light sensitive material, means to produce a relative movement between said copy and support means including a plurality of cam plates, cam surfaces on one portion of each of said plates, means cooperating with said portions to control said relative movement, cam surfaces on another portion of each of said plates, and settable means, settable to cooperate with a chosen one of said last-named surfaces to control the effect of said first-named surfaces.

5. In a device of the character described, a copy bearing non-justified lines, means to support a light sensitive material, means to produce relative movement between said copy and support means and including a plurality of cam plates, cam surfaces carried by each of said plates respectively, and settable means, settable in accordance with the degree of justification required to cooperate with a chosen one of said cam surfaces to'regulate said relative movement.

6. In a device of the character described, a copy bearing non-justified lines, means to support a light sensitive material, means to produce relative movement between said copy and support means and including means for determining the distribution of said movement comprising a'plurality of cam elements, and means for manually positioning a cooperative element in engagement with a chosen one'of said cam elements, in accordance with the length of line to be justified.

7. In a device of the character described, a plurality of cam plates, means mounting said plates for oscillation about a common pivot, means mounted adjacent said plates and movable into cooperative position adjacent a chosen one of said cam plates, and means for oscillating said cam plates to permit movement of said mounted means.

8. In a device of the character described, a

plurality of cam plates, means mounting said sen one of said plates, said means including a sleeve member mounted for axial movement, an arm mounted on said sleeve member, a roller carried by said arm adjacent said cam plates, and means for axially shifting said sleeve member in proportion to the length of line to be justified.

10. In a device for producing justified replicas of non-justified lines of CODY, a plurality of cam plates, means mounting said cam plates for oscillation about a common pivot, means mounted adjacent said plates and movable transversely thereof into cooperative position adjacent a chosen one of said plates, said means including a sleeve member mounted for axial movement, an arm mounted on said sleeve member, a roller carried by said arm adjacent said cam plates, and means for axially shifting said sleeve member in proportion to the length of line to be justifled, said means including a rotatably adjustable member for axially shifting said sleeve member in proportion to the length of line to be justified.

11. In a device for of non-justified lines plates, means mounting said plates for oscillation about a common pivot, a plurality of cam surfaces on each of said plates, means manually positioning a cooperative element in engagement with an adjacent one of said cam elements in accordance with the length of line to be justified, means mounted adjacent said plates and movable into cooperative position adjacent a chosen one of said cam surfaces, and means for oscillating said cam plates to permit movement of said mounted means.

12. In a device for producing justified replicas of non-justified lines of copy, a plurality of cam plates, means mounting said plates for oscillation about a common pivot, means mounted adjacent said plates and movable into cooperative position adjacent a chosen one of said cam plates and including a rotatable member, adjustable in proportion to the length of line to be justlfied, and means including an axiallymovable member for oscillating said cam plates to permit movement of said mounted means.

13. 'In a device of the character described, means to support a copy having non-justified lines thereon, means to support a light sensitive material, scanning means for incrementally producing justified replicas of copy, a plurality of cam scanning the respective individual lines and projecting images of said lines upon said material to thereby affect said material accordingly, justifying means to produce relative shifting of said respective supporting means, and adjustable means controlling the operation of said justifying means to limit their operation to a chosen portion of a scanning operation.

14. In a device of the character described, the combination of a copy bearing a non-justified line or characters, means to support a light sensitive material, means including an image forming optical system to automatically project, progressively, images of said characters in the line onto' said sensitive material, and adjustable means to produce a relative movement, between said copy and material to modify the length of the line of character images received by said material, only during actual scanning of characters in a nonjustifled line.

15. In a device of the character described, means to support a copy having non-justified lines of printed characters, means to support a light sensitive material, scanning means for continuously scanning the separate individual lines and projecting images of the characters in said lines upon said material and thereby affecting said material accordingly, means automatically determining the degree of justiiication required, and adjustable means, preset in accordance with a desired length of line to be justified and controlled by said automatic means, to produce a relative shifting of said respective support means only when an image of a character is actually being projected.

16. In a device of the character described, means to support a copy having non-justified lines thereon, means to support a light sensitive material, scanning means for continuously scanning the respective individual lines and projecting images thereof upon said material and aflecting said light sensitive material accordingly, justifying means for producing a uniform relative shifting of said respective support means, and adjustable means to limit said shifting to a portion only of the reproduction of said lines scanned.

17. In a device of the character described, means to support a copy having non-justifled lines of chosen average length, means to support a light sensitive material, scanning means for progressively scanning the individual lines of the copy and projecting images of said lines upon said material, and means to cause relative shifting between said respective supporting means in a direction longitudinally of said lines, said shifting means being settable to determine the time of initiation of said relative shifting.

18. In a device of the character described, means to support a copy having non-justifled lines of chosen average length, means to support a light sensitive material, scanning means for progressively scanning the individual lines of the copy and projecting images of said lines upon said material, and means to cause relative shifting between said respective supporting means in a direction longitudinally of said lines, said shifting means being settable to determine the amount and time of initiation of said relative shifting.

19. In a device of the character described, means to support a copy having non-justifled lines thereon, means designating a point on each of said lines, means to support a light sensitive material, scanning means for progressively scanning said copy and designating means, said scanning means projecting images of said lines upon said material and thereby affecting said light sensitive material in accordance with the character of said copy scanned, means controlled by said scanning means for moving said sensitive material in accordance with the location of said respective designation points, said controlled means being adjustable to predetermine the time of initiation of said movement.

20. In a device of the character described. means to support a copy having non-justiiled lines of characters, means to support a light sensitive material, scanning means for continuously scanning each line respectively of said copy and projecting images of the characters upon said material, and means effective during scanning of each line to produce a relative readjustment between the spacing of at least two components of each line of copy and the spacing of at least two components or the replica or said lines to thereb produce justification of said copy. said last-named means being adjustable to predetermine the time of initiation or said respective readjustment.

21. In a device of the character described, means to support a copy having a plurality of non-justifled lines thereon, means to support a light sensitive material, scanning means for scanning said lines individually and projecting images of said lines upon said material to affect said sensitive material accordingly and presenting the next succeeding line to determine the amount of justiflcation required for said next line, and adjustable means controlled by said scanning means, for producing a relative shifting of said support means, during a predetermined portion only of the scanning oi the next line, and in accordance with said predetermined amount.

22. In a device of the character described. means to support a copy having non-justified lines thereon, means to support a light sensitive material, means to support scanning means, means for producing movement or said last support means for incrementally scanning the respective individual lines and projecting images of said lines upon said material to thereby affect said light sensitive means accordingly, and justitying means to produce an eiiective change in the relative movement of said last support means and one of said other support means, said justifying means being adjustable to limit the duration of said eifective change to a portion only of the period of movement of said last support means.

23. In a device of the character described, a copy bearing non-justifled lines, means to support a light sensitive material, an image forming optical system, means to automatically impart scanning-strokes oi invariable extent to the optical system to cause said optical system to project images of successive lines of copy onto the sensitive material, and means automatically controilable according to the length oi the scanned line of copy to automatically produce relative movement between said copy and material of variable extents in accordance with the amount of justiflcation required, said last-named means being adjustable to limit said movement to a portion only of said stroke or invariable extent.

24. In a device or the character described, a copy having non-justified lines of characters thereon, means to support a light sensitive material, an image forming optical system, means to move the optical system transversely of a copy to

Images