US2389005A - Condenser - Google Patents

Description

675m/ /A/Lfr Nov. 13, 1945. 1 F SEBALD 2,389,005

CONDENSER l Filed July -l4, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 k/TEE OUTLET 755W? FJH/75M INVENTOR 1` BY Ik sx l ATTORNEY J. F. SEBALD Nov. 1.3,` 1945.

CONDENSER Filed July 14, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Nov. i3, 1945.

J. F. SEBIALD CONDENSER 'Filed July 14, 1944 s sheets-sheet s INVENTOR Patented New. i3, 1945 2,389,005 l CONDENSER Joseph F. Sobald, Bloomield, N. J., assigner to Worthington Pumpy and Machinery Corporation, Harrison, N. J., a corporation of Delai Application Julyld, 1944, Serial No. 544,890

Claims. (El. 2ML-115) This invention relates to steam or liquid vapor condensers, and more particularly to a direct contact condenser. which may be of the barometrictype.

An object of thepresent invention is to provide a direct contact condenser which will provide controlled injection liquid distributionand a relatively unobstructed steam and-vapor passage to the non-condensible gas or air cooler section of the condenser. i

` Another object ofthe presentl invention is to l provide a condenser as specified wherein a novel cated at t projected from the topmost sets of nozzles 3 engage against the inner surface of the shell I. The impact of the jetsv of water or conv densing liquid against either the inner surface of the shell I or the rings 4 and 5 produces a change in the directional iiow of the waterlor condensing liquid and causes it to fall in subF stantiallycylindrical curtainsdownwardly against and through the shell I towards the outlet 6 for mixedcondensate and condensing liquid. The steam or vapor to .be condensed enters the shell i through the inlet l and it is directed in an annular pathby a cylindrical Vbae 8 which is disposed concentrically of the axis oi the shell I, as clearly shown in Figure 4 of the drawings, to provide a uniform distribution of the steam into the shell, due to its decreasing cross sectional area invention consists of various features of conl struction and combination of parts,which will be rst described in connection with the accom-v Danying drawings, showing a condenser of a pre- .ferred form embodying the invention, and the features forming the invention will `be speciiically pointed out in the claims;

` In-the drawings: K

Figure 1 isal vertical section through the improved barometric condenser.' v

Figure 2 is a cross section taken on theline 2-2 of Figure 1. y

Figure 3 is across section taken on the line 8-301 Figure l.

Figure 4 is a cross section taken on the line t-t o'Eigure l.

Referring more particularly to the drawings.

,the improved condenser includes a shell I which as it recedes from the inlet 1. The upper edge ofthe eccentric baiile 8 is connected to the shell I by a horizontal shelf a and'its lower end is open so that the incomingsteamin the eccentric annular passage or space III will pass downwardly,

then across the lower edge of the baie and upwardly through the bame as indicated in Figure l ofthe drawings. The steam' passing across the-lower edge of the. eccentric baille 8 will be y contacted by and willow through the downo wardly falling. relatively fine streams of water or condensing liquid which areindicated at II, and

during its upward passage through the condenser shell I.-to thecoollngspace or cooler I2 for the non-condensible vapors, it will ilow counter-current-to the passage of the water or condensing liquid in the condenser and will ilow not only through the downwardly falling, substantially cylindrical sheets of water but will' ilow across uid issuing from the nozzles 3.

carried thereby and arranged in vertically. spaced radially extending sets. `In the drawings, tthe knozzles l are inclined so that the incoming water `or condensing medium will be projected in thin streams of sprays radially and downwardly across the interior of the shell I. Surface forming rings '4 andi arel supported in any suitable manner within the .shell and concentric of the axis o! the shell and they have both their upper .and lower ends These rings l and 5 form surface producingxneans against which the jet sprays of water or condensing liquid strikes; the jets indiinclined with respect to the horizontal., and which project streams or sprays of water or condensing liquid radially-and downwardly across the vapor cooler I2 and. against the inner surface 'of the baille Il'so as to provide agiinal condensing and cooling action by the coldest condensing liquid on the vapors which eventually reach the neng condensible vapor cooler I2.

l A perforated distribution baille I8 is disposed within the shell l between thelower open end oi' the vapor cooler I2 and the uppermost set of nozzles 3. The water or condensing liquid sprayed into thevapor cooler I2 by the nomles I5 falls upon the perforated distribution baille I8 where its distributed over the surface of the baille and passes through thebaille ina plurality of une stream which fall downwardly through the upwardly owing steam or vapors to be condensed and across the radially projected Jets.

By particular reference to Figure 1 of the drawings, it will be' clearl that the water or condensing liquid is projected both radially downwardly and in straight downwardly flow in such manner within the interior of the shell I that the vapors rising therein must pass a number of times through various jets or streams of the condensing liquid or water so as to provide maximum surface contact of the vapor and water to insure the emdensible vapors which are carried along with the water or condensing liquid as condensate to and through the outlet B and fully utilize the liquid by equally heating all'of it. It is also clear that the large unobstructed flow area, while thel steam is condensing, results in a decreasing velocity which minimizes the pressure drop from vapor inlet to the non-condensible vapor outlet. The lower'end I1 of the shell I is shown as being substantially conical shape but inverted so as to guide the condensate and condensing liquid to the outlet B. The liquid may be removed by anyv suitable means such as a pump or a barometric tube (not shown).

It will be understood that the invention is not' v liquid into the shell and across the ilow path of the vapor, surface providing means in said shell, said surface providing means forming abutments against which the condensing liquid sprayed from certain of said nozzles strikes whereby the dlrectional flow of the condensing liquid engaging the surface forming means is changed from a cross flow toa directional ow substantially parallel tothe walls of the shell, and an eccentric baille in said shell in the path of the incoming vapor to provide equal distribution of vapor Ain the shell.

2. In a direct-contact condenser, a shel having a condensing liquid, said shell having a vapor inlet disposed therein remote to the condensing liquid inlet whereby counter-current now of vapor and condensing liquid will be set up within the shell, a plurality of nozzeg in said shell for directing condensing liquid into the shell and across, the flow path of the vapor,surface providing means in said shell, said surface providing means forming abutments against which the condensing liquid sprayed from certain of lsaid nozzles strikes whereby'the directional flow of the condensing liquid engaging the surface forming means ischanged from a cross now to a direction'alilow substantially parallel to the walls of the shell, a non-condensible 'vapor cooler in said cient and complete condensation of the con-A Shell. a plurality of nozzles for spraying condensing liquid into said vapor cooler, said vapor cooler provided with an outlet for non-condensi-V ble vapors, and a perforated distribution baille between said vapor cooler and said first mentioned nozzles to direct the condensing liquid from the vapor cooler through the shell in a plurality of` ne streams and direct the non.

condensiblei vapors in a path across said ne streams during its flow to the vapor cooler.

3. In a direct contact condenser, a shell having a condensing medium inlet and an outlet for mixed condensate and condensing liquid, said shell having a vapor inlet disposed .therein remote to the condensing liquid inlet whereby countercurrent flow of vapor and condensing medium will be set up within the shell, a plurality o'f nozzles m said shell for directing condensing liquid into the shell and across the flow path of the vapor, surface providing means in said shellsaid surface providing means forming abutments against which the condensing liquid sprayed from certain of said nozzles strikes whereby the directional flow of the condensing liquid engaging the surface forming means is changed from a cross now to a directional vflow substantially parallel to the walls of the shell, a non-condensible vapor cooler in said shell, a plurality of nozzles for spraying condensing liquid into said vapor cooler, said vapor -cooler provided with an outlet for noncondensible vapors, a perforated distribution baille between said vaporcoler and said firstmentioned nozzles to direct .the condensing liquid from the vapor cooler through the shell in a plurality of flue streams and direct the noncondensible vapors in a path across said fine streams duringits ilow to the vapor cooler, and an eccentric baille in said shell in the path of the incoming vapor to provide equal distribution condensing 'liquid in a plurality of liets across the flow path of vapor in the condenser, said shell beset up within the shell, said shell provided i with an outlet for mixed condensate and condensing liquid, and surface providing means in said shell, said surface providing means forming abutments against which the condensing` liquid operated from certain 'of said nozzles strikes whereby the directional ilow of the condensing.

liquid engaging upon the surface forming means is changed to a directional flow at acute angles to the now of the condensing liquid from the nozzles, a non-condensible vapor cooler in said shell, a plurality of nozzles for spraying condensing liquid into said vapor cooler, said vapor condensing liquidin a plurality of .Jets across the flowpath oi' vapor in the condenser, said shell having a vapor. inlet disposed therein re'-v mote to the condensingliquid inlet whereby counter-current now of vapor and condensing liquid will be set up within the shell, said shell provided with an outlet for mixed condensate and condensing liquid, surface providing means in said shell, said surface providing means forming abutments against which the condensing liquid sprayed from certain of said nozzles strikes whereby the directional flow of the condensing liquid engaging upon the surface forming means is changed to a directional flow at acute angles to the flow of the condensing liquid from the l0 nozzles, a non-condensible vapor cooler in said

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