US2376744A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

May 22, 41945. W, wlLsMANN 2,376,744

PUMP

Filed Dec. 27, 1940 5 sheets-sheet 2 Inventor:

May 22, 1945. w. wlLsMANN 2,376,744

PUMP Y Filed Dec. 27, 1940 5 sheets-'sheet 5 .......nu'llur'l ...r-1....

PUMP

Filed Dec. 27, 1940 5 Shets-Sheef 5 l Patented 4May 22, 1945 P Wnn, (leide, Germany; vested in the Alien Property Cusn appneataaneeemter ai, ien, sensi Nol. 372,013 in Germany December 27, 1939 claims. (ci. iesroa) A This invention relates to separators for liquids provided with centrifugal pumps. In the known machines of this class, in which the pump wheel is connected with the drum or with the hollow spindle, the tight closure against the drum is effected by packings or thelike. When using the said tightening means in machines which rotate rapidly. vdisturbzmces through drainage occur as soon as the liquid feed to the drum is temporarily interrupted.

The primary object of this invention. is a con struction by which thesaid drawbacks are avoided. The improved separator is provided: with a centrifugal pump arranged axially beside the drum, whereby the wheel oi the pump is connected with the drum or the hollow spindle, 'and whereby the 4pump space, axially adjacent the pump wheel and surrounding the pump wheel shaft, is sealed against the latterby means of a stationary annular chamber iilled with liquid and separated from the pump space by a special front wall and by anv annular body dipping into the liquid in the said annular chamber. The

front wall has an inner opening for the passage of the pump wheel shaft, which opening is of smaller diameter than that ofthe pump wheel. Other objects of this invention are set forth in the following specification A feeding device on the drum for separated liquid contents, and the sealing by means of a liquid seal has already been proposed. In the known arrangement a feed worm isA used which only engenders a small feed pressure, and which needs for this reason only a small sealing pressure. The dipping annular body is radially positioned outside of the feed worm and around the head of the drum, and a large annular gap has to be sealed. The device consumes much power, and the direct connection of the tightening chamber with the radially remotest space of the worm chambenwhile rotating at a maximum speed causes a permanent breaking and mixing of the liquid being processed with the tightening liquid.

Inthe accompanying drawings several embodivments of the invention are illustrated, in which, Fig. 1 shows a separator with a feedpump and an annular tightening body beneath it, the said elements being arranged above the drum of the separator, which separator has a stripper for'the heavy liquid components and free discharge for the light liquid components.

Fig. 2' shows amodication with another inlet tothe drum.

Fig. 3 shows a modication with reversing leading blades screened by a wall and with a throttle valve, in combination with two strippers.

Fig. 4 shows a separator having the inlet to they drum through the hollow spindle from below, and a second arrangement for the discharge of the liquid on top of the drum. l

Fig. 5 shows a separator with another arrangement of the means for tightening the pump space at the pump'wheel shaft, and

Fig. 6 shows a modification of the construction accordingtoFig. 5. `According to Fig. 1 the liquid ows through the inlet I into the chamber 2, and from there into the pump wheel 3. The liquid is fed along the stationary leading blades t and the central inlet tube 5 into the drum 5a. The heavy liquid components, such as skimmed milk, ow to the pe riphery o f the drum and .from -there through conduits 'l and 8 t'o the stripping chamber '9, from which the said liquid components are pressed by the stripper I0 to the outlet II. The inlet tube 5 passes centrally through the stripper It, which latter forms a circular body 'concentric about the axis of rotation. By this arrangement a small diameter of the pump and a limited space of the assembled parts is attained, so that the elements for the inlet and for the outlet are close together. rshe light liquid components, consisting especially of cream, flow towards the centre and from there, over the weir I2 to the free discharge from the drum at I3. In consequence of the arrangement o'f the ducts I2 and I4, having a greater radial distance from the centre, the' liquid'fiow radially passing the drum might break off in the inlet tube 5. For avoiding such a breaking and for kee ing the said tube always completely lled, ra al interruptions I5 and I6 for the ducts of both the skimmed milk and the y cream are provided. When radially passing the said interruptions, the liquid rotates due to` its inertia with a velocity towards the outside, which velocity is greater than that in the zones beneath of 'said interruptions. In these zones the liquid ow is radially guided, and in consequence f this fact the liquid is forced in the said points towards-` the outside.l Upon the lengths of the chambers I5 and I6,.the magnitude ofv the over-pressuredepends.

The chamber 2 is arranged around the pump wheel shaft and alongside the pump wheel. Thev said chamber is sealed at the pump wheel shaft I9 by a stationary annular chamber I1 filled with liquid and by a rotatingannular body I8 dipping into the liquid' in the said chamber. For .this sealing the liquid may be used which is subjected Aspecial cases, other i arrangements.

to separation, as the annular chamber I1 is automatically lled with the said liquid. But in `sealing liquids may be used, such as mercury or water, for the centrifuging of benzine. The side of the annular body I8 adjacent the chamber 2, is provided with driving wings orvanes 20 which act against the vacuum in the annular gap of the chamber 2. The same effect may be attained by providing locking wings or vanes on the lower wall of the annular chamber. But also both of the said different types of -wings` or vanes may be used for raising the effect. In the case that the liquid to be centrifuged is fed to the inlet Iwith such a pressure that the vacuum in the annular gap is canceled, a smooth annular chamber and a smooth annular body suillces, and in the case of a highly augmented pressure and an overpressure existing in the annular gap, the driving and locking wings or vanes may be used in a reversed arrangement.- Fig. 2 showsa similar arrangement, but the centrifugal pump 3 is here provided with a central inlet 2l. IThe liquid flows over leading ribs 22 and apertures 23, into the inlet tube 5. As in this case the annular chamber, together with the annular body rotating in this chamber,` seals against the pressure space of the pump, the ribs or Wings are here, in all cases necessary as in the case previously described, according to the type of pressure existing in the inlet duct.

Fig. 3 shows an arrangement substantially corinserted element, to covers or partitions of the drum, to hollow spindles or to other elements.

When using a closed inlet a liquid meter is preferably provided, whereby the inlet controlling device is arranged between the meter and the pump. Thevindication meter arranged between the controlling device and the pump is often vibratory.

When using corresponding liquid sealing means the pump is of a good sucking capacity, so that the liquid to be centrifuged is also sucked through apparatus arranged in front of the pump. A pumping necessary in a manufactory may, under circumstances, be effected by the separator itself. Additional pumps are ordinarily not necessary.

When feeding the liquid through the hollow spindle 56, according to Fig. 4 the worm of the driving gear is rigidly mounted, and the hollow spindle of the drum 5a passes through said worm. The driving worm may then also be held against axial movement. A hold against axial movement is always necessary when globoid-worms are used.

The hollow spindle of the drum may be mounted with its upper portion in'an independent bearing of known construction, and with its lower portion either in the jacket of the worm or in special bearings 51. Between the jacket of the worm and the spindle of the drum the known connexions are provided which allow oscillatory w movements.

responding with that of Fig. 1, however, according to Fig. 3-the leading blades 24a are screened against the pump wheel by an annular wall 24. By means of a valve 25, the pressure side of the pump may be locked and adjusted for a pre-determined passage of liquid. The discharge of the liquid components is here effected by two strippers Illa and Ib. The radial interruptions of the liquid feed for avoiding the breaking of the liquid flow are here arranged in the inlet duct at 26. A break may also be avoided by narrowing thecross-section as shown at 21. The nar- :owed passage 21 has to be arranged in the radial direction, at least in the height of the discharge for the separated liquid.

Fig. 4 shows the construction according to the invention applied to for the inlet and the outlet of the liquid separator. The inlet 50 is provided in the hollow spindle at a, point below the drum. and the outlet'5I is disposed at a point above the drum. On the-` inlet the chamber mostly seals Y against a vacuum, and on the outlet for the liquid 40 chamber the saidchamber seals against pressure, and cori respondingly the driving ribs or wings 53 and 53a must be 'on the dipping bodies 54 and 54a, whereas the locking ribs chamber. Pump 3a is provided at thel lower inlet. The drum according to Fig. 4 is especially adapted for purifying oil. The purified oil is lead oil by the upper pump 3b, whereas the separated water has a free outlet; over the weir 28.

The application of the invention is not limited to the described examples. A pump for the inlet, and one or several pumps for the outlet of the same construction, may be arranged on the same side of the drum. The new device may, in any desired number, `be provided for an open inlet onlyfor the frothless discharge or for a frothless inlet in drums. with open outlet. The construction according to the invention may be used in combination with all known inlet and outlet 'I'he inlet tube or the outlet tubes wheels may be fixed either'to the to the separating plate, Ato any with the pump distributor or 29 are on the annular According to Fig. 5 the means for sealing the pump space against the pump wheel shaft are reversed in kinematical respect to the sealing means shown in Figs. 1-4. The parts are other wise of the same construction and operate in a similar manner. According to Fig. 1 the annular chamber I1 is stationary and the annular body I8 is rotating. .According to Fig. 5 the annular 30 is rotating, as the same is rigidly connected with the rotating hollow spindle 3| of the separator. The annular body 32 dipping into the liquid in the chamber 30 is stationary. Inside of the annular chamber the rotating part 38 has, on the side facing the liquid gap 3|, means 36 for driving the liquid, and has on the side facing the air gap 35, means 31 for checking the liquid motion. In many cases, either only the driving means, or only the checking means may be used.

40 is provided with vanes 40a, whereas the interior of pump bodyII has vanes IIa. Pump 8c` is disposed within pump body 4I and serves to draw liquid into body 4I through inlet 65, and then expel the same through openings 66 into hollow shaft 61; l

' The opening in the front'wall, through which the pump wheel shaft passes, has a diameter smaller than that of the pumpwheel, and the sealing means are outside of the liquid flow.

A stripper may be `arranged in rear ofthe pump. v

I claim:

l. In a separator having a liquid-containing housing with an axial openingtherein, and also an annular chamber therein secured to said shaft, the bottom surface of said' chamber being substantially conical in shape and the upper portion thereof having a restricted opening therein coaxial with said' shaft, a stationary annular' member :coaxial with said' shaft and extending through saidvrestricted opening into said cham-l ber, the outer surface of said stationary member substantially conforming to the innersurface of said chamber and being disposed in spaced rela-- tion thereto, and a series of upwardly and inwardly inclined vanes disposed upon the conforming surface. of said stationary member for checking the motion of `the liquid at the point where said'stationary member enters said chamber.

2. In a separator according to claim 1 in which an impeller is encased by said stationary member and xedly secured upon said shaft, and in which an intake and a discharge conduit are disposed in said stationary member and shaft respectively for communicating with said impeller.

3. In a separator having a liquid-containing housing with van axial opening therein, and also having a vertically disposed rotatable shaft penetrating said opening and extending from said housing, means for sealing said opening about said' shaft comprising an annular conical member having a Iconical chamber therein, said chamber having a bottom and a` restricted opening at its top, a second conical member coaxial with saidA wardly toward said first-named opening which surrounds said shaft. 1

4. In a separator having a liquid-containing housing with an axial opening therein, and also having a vertically disposed shaft penetrating said opening and extending from said housing,

' means for sealing said opening about said shaft comprising an annular conical member having a conical chamber therein secured to said shaft. said chamber having a closed bottom and a restricted opening at its top, a stationary conical member coaxial with said shaft and extending Y through said restricted opening into said conical chamber, theouter surface of said stationary conical member substantially conforming to the inner surface of said chamber, a series of vanes disposed on the inner face of said rotary conical I member for driving said uid, said vanes projectchamber, anda series of vanes disposed on the conforming surface of said stationary conical member for checking the motion of the liquid at the point Where said second member enters said chamber, said vanes'proiecting upwardly-and ining upwardly and inwardly toward said rstnamed opening which surrounds said shaft, and a second series of inwardly and upwardly projecting vanes disposed within said chamber and upon the outer face of said stationary conical i lsaid opening and extending from said housing,l

means for sealing said opening about said shaft comprising an annular conical member having a conical chamber therein secured to said shaft, said chamber having a closed bottom and a restricted opening at its top, a stationary conical member coaxial with said shaft and extending through said restricted opening into said conical chamber, the outer surface of said stationary conical member substantially conforming to theA inner surface of said chamber, and a. series of vanes disposed within said chamber and project. ing inwardly and upwardly from the-outer face of said stationary corneal member for checking the motion of the liquid at the point where said stationary member enters said chamber.

WILHELM WILSMANN.

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