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US2366042A - Lubricants - Google Patents

Lubricants Download PDF

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Publication number
US2366042A
US2366042A US462903A US46290342A US2366042A US 2366042 A US2366042 A US 2366042A US 462903 A US462903 A US 462903A US 46290342 A US46290342 A US 46290342A US 2366042 A US2366042 A US 2366042A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lubricant
normal hexyl
hexyl ether
extreme pressure
comparatively
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US462903A
Inventor
John D Morgan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CLTIES SERVICE OIL Co
Original Assignee
CLTIES SERVICE OIL Co
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Publication date
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Priority to US462903A priority Critical patent/US2366042A/en
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Publication of US2366042A publication Critical patent/US2366042A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/18—Ethers, e.g. epoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
    • C10M117/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M131/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing halogen
    • C10M131/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing halogen containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen and oxygen
    • C10M131/12—Acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/02—Natural products
    • C10M159/10—Rubber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/20—Natural rubber; Natural resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/0406—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • C10M2207/1225—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic used as thickening agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
    • C10M2207/1265—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic used as thickening agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
    • C10M2207/166—Naphthenic acids used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/18—Tall oil acids
    • C10M2207/186—Tall oil acids used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/20—Rosin acids
    • C10M2207/206—Rosin acids used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/24—Epoxidised acids; Ester derivatives thereof
    • C10M2207/246—Epoxidised acids; Ester derivatives thereof used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
    • C10M2211/044—Acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
    • C10M2219/088—Neutral salts
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    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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    • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/061—Metal salts
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
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    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14

Definitions

  • This invention relates to lubricants and more particularly to a lubricant which is essentially a single chemical compound that has a comparatively uniform viscosity over a wide temperature range.
  • Petroleum lubricants are made up of a mixture of a large number of different hydrocarbonsr There are generally parafiinic, aromatic and" naphthenic hydrocarbons as well as some oleilnlc hydrocarbons in lubricants. It is very hard to control the physical properties of this mixture of hydrocarbons and to obtain a mixture of uniform composition which has uniform is to provide a lubricant which has a compare I andwith a small amount of extreme pressure.
  • the primary object of the present invention tively uniform viscosity over a' wide temperature ranse.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a lubricant, the base of which is a synthetic compound having a fixed composition.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a lubricant, the base of which is normal hexyl ether.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a lubricant which is a synthetic compound and colioidally combined with a metallic soap.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a lubricant, thebase .of which .is a synthetic.
  • normal hexyl ether has high extreme pressure load-carrying characteristics.
  • Normal hexyl ether has a comparatively uniform viscosity over a comparatively wide temperature range.
  • the viscosity at minus '40 1". is 15 centistokes'.
  • the viscosity at lelo degrees I”. is 5.48 centistokes; at 100 1".
  • extreme pressure additives are soluble in normal hexyl ether and give high load-carrying properties to normal hexyl ether as a lubricant.
  • Polane a commercial product which is a chlorinated ester of a fatty acid
  • Santolube No. 261 a commercial product which is a metallic" derivative of alkylated carboxylic acid containing tin and sulfur, the tin being 9.25% by weight and sulfur 8% by 'weight of the compound- Santolube'No. 261 is a 'sulfurised tin salt'of an alkyl phenol car- I boxylic acid manufactured under Patents Nos.
  • a sulfur-' ized tricresyl phosphine made according to the disclosure of Engelke Patent No. 2,260,303, is an excellent extreme pressure agent.
  • the addition of from 3% to 1% of any of the above additives to normal hexyl other will give extreme pressure load-carrying capacity to the normal hexyl ether so that whentested in a 4-ball testing machine there will be no seizure at a pressureof 1000 lbs. which is the limit of loading the test ing machine.
  • the soaps are preferably stearates, although oleates may be used. In making the grease, the soap" is disr.
  • a lubricant having comparatively 'unilorm I viscosity over a wide temperature range, consistofnormal hexyl-cther 3% to Normal hexyl ether is colioidally miscible with 1% of extreme pressure addition agent dissolved therein.
  • a lubricant having a comparatively hereorm viscosity over a widetemperature range consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having colloidally dissolved therein a suflicient proportion oi a lithium soap to impart a grease consistency to the.
  • lubricant and a suflicient pro portion of an extreme'jpressure agent to impart extreme pressure properties to the lubricant consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having colloidally dissolved therein a suflicient proportion oi a lithium soap to impart a grease consistency to the.
  • lubricant and a suflicient pro portion of an extreme'jpressure agent to impart extreme pressure properties to the lubricant.
  • a lubricant having a comparatively hereon'n viscosity overa wide temperature range consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having colloidally dissolved therein a suflicient pro-' portion oi lithium 'stearate to impart a grease consistency to the lubricant and a suiiicient proportion of an extreme pressure agent to impart extreme pressure properties to the lubricant.
  • a lubricant having comparatively herein viscosity over a wide temperature range consisting 01! normal hexyl ether-83% to 92%; lithium stearate 6% to 12%; aluminum stearate 1% to 3%:latex 1% t0 2%.
  • a -method oi lubricating metal bearings comprisin applying to the bearing a lubricant consisting essentially of normal hexyl ether.
  • a method oiflubricatlng metal bearings comprising applying to.-the bearing a solution consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether hav-- ing a small'amount of an extreme pressure additive agent dissolved therein.
  • prising applying to the bearing to be lubricated a colloidal lubricant consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having dissolved therein a proportion oi lithium stearate suiiicient to impart a grease consistency to the lubricant.
  • a lubricant comprising a major proportion oi normal hexyl ether and a minor proportion oi lithium and aluminum stearates, the aluminum stearate being presentin smaller propor-

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Pumas nsazaim.
" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Lunarcms John D. Morgan, South Orange, N. 3., assignor to Cities Service 011 Company,-New York, N. Y., a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Application October Serial No.
. 'lzqaisns.
This invention relates to lubricants and more particularly to a lubricant which is essentially a single chemical compound that has a comparatively uniform viscosity over a wide temperature range.
Petroleum lubricants are made up of a mixture of a large number of different hydrocarbonsr There are generally parafiinic, aromatic and" naphthenic hydrocarbons as well as some oleilnlc hydrocarbons in lubricants. It is very hard to control the physical properties of this mixture of hydrocarbons and to obtain a mixture of uniform composition which has uniform is to provide a lubricant which has a compare I andwith a small amount of extreme pressure.
physical p n rtim The viscosities of petroleum lubricants vary quite widely with changes intemperature. r
The primary object of the present invention tively uniform viscosity over a' wide temperature ranse.
A further object of the invention is to provide a lubricant, the base of which is a synthetic compound having a fixed composition.
A further object of the invention is to provide a lubricant, the base of which is normal hexyl ether.
A further object of the invention is to provide a lubricant which is a synthetic compound and colioidally combined with a metallic soap.
Another object of the invention is to provide a lubricant, thebase .of which .is a synthetic.
additive agent, normal hexyl ether has high extreme pressure load-carrying characteristics.
Normal hexyl ether has a comparatively uniform viscosity over a comparatively wide temperature range. For example, the viscosity at minus '40 1". is 15 centistokes'. the viscosity at lelo degrees I". is 5.48 centistokes; at 100 1".
' the; viscosity is1.59 centistokes: and at 200 I".
point of normal hexyl ther is-below 50 degrees below zero I".
Several extreme pressure additives are soluble in normal hexyl ether and give high load-carrying properties to normal hexyl ether as a lubricant. For example, Polane,. a commercial product which is a chlorinated ester of a fatty acid,
such as chlormethyl stearate, made according ,to Lincoln et al. Patent No. 1,944,941 is very effective. Santolube No. 261, a commercial product which is a metallic" derivative of alkylated carboxylic acid containing tin and sulfur, the tin being 9.25% by weight and sulfur 8% by 'weight of the compound- Santolube'No. 261 is a 'sulfurised tin salt'of an alkyl phenol car- I boxylic acid manufactured under Patents Nos.
.- the viscosity a so centistokea' rm.- freezing u 2,197,834-5, 2,255,441, and 2,257,751. A sulfur-' ized tricresyl phosphine made according to the disclosure of Engelke Patent No. 2,260,303, is an excellent extreme pressure agent. The addition of from 3% to 1% of any of the above additives to normal hexyl other will give extreme pressure load-carrying capacity to the normal hexyl ether so that whentested in a 4-ball testing machine there will be no seizure at a pressureof 1000 lbs. which is the limit of loading the test ing machine.
lithium and aluminum soaps toprovide a grease which has a comparatively lmiform viscosity over a wide temperature range. The soaps are preferably stearates, although oleates may be used. In making the grease, the soap" is disr.
solved in the normal hexyl ether. From 3% to 1% by weight of one of theadditives discussed above is added tc'the etherin order to make an extreme pressure load-carrying'grease; It has been found that a heal ether grease will result when 83% to 92% of normal hexyl ether has colloidally dispersed therein from 6% to 12% of lithium soap and 1% to 3% of aluminum soap. It is desired furthermore to add to this mixture 1% inc-2% of latex and .3% to 1% of Polane or Santolube No. 261, or a sulfurized tricresyl phosphine or other suitable extreme pressure agent. The preferred form of the invention having been thus described what is claimed as new is:
1. A lubricant having comparatively uniformviscosity over a wide temperature range, con sisting of normal hexyl ether having a small amount of an extreme pressure addition agent dissolved therein.
2. A lubricant having comparatively 'unilorm I viscosity over a wide temperature range, consistofnormal hexyl-cther 3% to Normal hexyl ether is colioidally miscible with 1% of extreme pressure addition agent dissolved therein. 1
' 3. A lubricant having a comparatively uniiorm viscosity over a widetemperature range, consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having colloidally dissolved therein a suflicient proportion oi a lithium soap to impart a grease consistency to the. lubricant and a suflicient pro portion of an extreme'jpressure agent to impart extreme pressure properties to the lubricant.
4. A lubricant having a comparatively uniion'n viscosity overa wide temperature range, consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having colloidally dissolved therein a suflicient pro-' portion oi lithium 'stearate to impart a grease consistency to the lubricant and a suiiicient proportion of an extreme pressure agent to impart extreme pressure properties to the lubricant.
5. A lubricant having comparatively uniiorm viscosity over a wide temperature range; consisting 01! normal hexyl ether-83% to 92%; lithium stearate 6% to 12%; aluminum stearate 1% to 3%:latex 1% t0 2%.
, 6. A lubricant having comparatively uniiorm viscosity over a wide temperature range, com- 25 prising a normal hexyl ether 82% to 92%; lithium stearate 8% to 12%; aluminum stearate 1% to 3%; .latex 1% to 2%; extreme pressure addition agent .3% to 1%. A
7. A -method oi lubricating metal bearings, comprisin applying to the bearing a lubricant consisting essentially of normal hexyl ether.
8; A method oiflubricatlng metal bearings. comprising applying to.-the bearing a solution consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether hav-- ing a small'amount of an extreme pressure additive agent dissolved therein.
9. A method oi lubricating metal bearings,
comprising applying to the bearing a solution consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having irom-.3% to 1%, oi an extreme pressure tive dissolved therein. a
10. A method oi lubricating bearings, com
prising applying to the bearing to be lubricated a colloidal lubricant consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having dissolved therein a proportion oi lithium stearate suiiicient to impart a grease consistency to the lubricant.
11. A lubricant comprising a major proportion oi normal hexyl ether and a minor proportion oi lithium and aluminum stearates, the aluminum stearate being presentin smaller propor-
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2450219A (en) * 1945-04-10 1948-09-28 Texas Co Texture-stable lithium base grease
US2451895A (en) * 1946-06-08 1948-10-19 Shell Dev Synthetic grease
US2520733A (en) * 1946-08-26 1950-08-29 Shell Dev Polymers of trimethylene glycol
US2844534A (en) * 1952-10-20 1958-07-22 Exxon Research Engineering Co High molecular weight branched-chain ethers of lubricating grade

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2450219A (en) * 1945-04-10 1948-09-28 Texas Co Texture-stable lithium base grease
US2451895A (en) * 1946-06-08 1948-10-19 Shell Dev Synthetic grease
US2520733A (en) * 1946-08-26 1950-08-29 Shell Dev Polymers of trimethylene glycol
US2844534A (en) * 1952-10-20 1958-07-22 Exxon Research Engineering Co High molecular weight branched-chain ethers of lubricating grade

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