US2299098A - Method of and apparatus for making collapsible boxes - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 29, 1942. H. s. LABOMBARDE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING COLLAPSIBLE BOXES 4 Sheeis-Sheet 1 Filed July 22, 1940 ATTORNEY Get. 20, 1942. H. s. LABOMBARDE 2,299,098

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING COLLAPSIBLE BOXES Filed July 22, 1940 '4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR f/mvfii dLaamfian/e BY v mbRNEY I Oct. 20, 1942. H. s. LABOMBARDE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING COLLAPSIBLE BOXES 4 Sheets-She et 5 .Filed July 22, 1940 06L 1942- H. s. LABOMBARDE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING COLLAPSIBLE BOXES .Filed July 22, 1940 A'Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR flaw/d J1 [afiamhlraz w. W ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 20, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING COLLAPSIBLE BOXES Hampshire Application July 22, 1940, Serial No. 346,729

13 Claims.

This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for making collapsible boxes.

In the manufacture of collapsible or knockdown boxes, it is generally preferable to perform the folding and gluing operations in such manner that the boxes are completed in collapsed condition and need not be collapsed after completion. In order to provide a more rigid box and also to conserve storing and shippingspace, it is often desired that the finished box be in infolded, collapsed condition, as contrasted to outfolded condition.

In the manufacture of infolded collapsed boxes, it is necessary to provide folds along diagonal fold lines extending angularly to the principal fold lines, in order to permit collapsing of the box. The marking of such folds has been found to be more difficult than the making of the principal folds which are parallel to the sides of the box. Accordingly, the steps and mechanism employed for making the diagonal folds usually have been complicated.

In accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, a blank is employed having one set of diagonal fold lines provided in one wall defining triangular corner portions, and a diagonal fold line in each of the two walls adjacent the first wall, each defining a triangular corner portion remote from the first wall.

The wall having the two fold lines is folded over against the base of the blank and the triangular corner portions folded over the wall. The triangular corner portions of the two adjacent walls are folded against their respective walls and the two adjacent walls are folded over and attached adhesively to the two triangular corner portions of-the first wall. The fourth wall is then folded over and attached adhesively to the triangular corner portions of the two adjacent walls.

The invention also provides a machine embodying a novel combination of conveying, folding and gluing mechanisms and devices for carrying out the method according to the inventions.

An object of the invention is the provision of a method of making collapsible'boxes employing simple, positive and rapid folding operations.

Another object of the invention is the pro-.

vision .of a machine for making collapsible boxes employing simple, positive and rapid folding mechanisms, which is readily adjustable to operate upon blanks of various shapes and sizes.

Various other features and advantages of the in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, in which Fig. l is a top plan view of a blank for forming one type of box in accordance with the present invention;

Figs. 2 to 8 inclusive are top plan views of the blank, illustrating successive steps in the folding and gluing of the blank to form a box;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of the box made from the blank illustrated in Fig. l;

Fig. 10 is a top plan view of a blank suitable for forming a second type of box in accordance with the invention;

Figs. 11 to 17 inclusive are top plan views illustrating successive steps in the folding and gluing of the blank shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 18 is an enlarged perspective View of a box made from the blank of Fig. 10;

Fig. 18A is a top plan view, somewhat diagrammatic, which illustrates one form of machine constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 183 is a continuation view of Fig. 18A;

Fig. 19A is a somewhat diagrammatic side elevational view of the machine illustrated in Fig. 18A; and

Fig. 19B is a continuation view of Fig. 19A.

40 permit. Like reference characters denote like parts in the several figures of the drawings.

The present invention is adapted for making numerous types of structures falling under the general classification of boxes, such as, for ex- 5 ample, box bottoms, box covers, and so-called one-piece boxes wherein the box proper or bottom and the cover are integrally formed. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, wherever the term box" is used it includes covers as well as boxes proper and also onepiece boxes.

It should be explained at this point that where the expressions front wall, rear wall," or side wall are employed, they are used merely invention will be apparent from the following for the purpose of convenience in description and refer to the walls which stand up from the bottom wall of the box proper or depend from the top wall of a cover. It will be understood that the proportions of the box may be varied so that walls which might be considered the side walls of one box might be the end walls of another box of different proportions. In a like manner it will be understood that the expression bottom" designates either the bottom wall of a box proper or the top wall of a cover.

Referring now particularly to Fig. l of the drawings, there is illustrated a blank 11 formed from paperboard, boxboard, or other suitable material and suitably cut and scored to define the hereinafter specifically referred to walls and flaps. The blank a includes a base or bottom b having a rear" wall extending therefrom and side flaps extending from the ends of the wall 0. Extending from the base b, opposite the "rear wall 0, is a front wall e having diagonal score lines I defining triangular corner portions 9: corner flaps h extend from the ends of the front wall e. End walls 1' extend from the ends of the base I) and each is provided with a diagonally extending score line a defining a rear triangular corner portion k; if desired, end or tuck flaps Z may be provided on the end walls 2'. Where it is desired to provide a one-piece box, a cover m extends from the rear wall 0 and, if desired, a tuck flap n extends from the free side of the cover m.

In the preferred method of forming a box from the blank a, the blank is caused to travel initially with the wall 0 leading the base b, as indicated in Figs. 1 to 6 of the drawings. In the first operation, the corner flaps d and h are raised to a position perpendicular to the plane of the blank 11, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

The rearward wall 6 is then folded over onto the base 22. During this last-mentioned operation the triangular corner portions 9 are folded backwardly about the diagonal fold lines I and onto the adjacent portions of the front wall e and the rearward corner flaps h are folded down upon the triangular corner portions g. At the same time the forward corner flaps d are folded down onto the forward wall 0. The blank a. then is in the condition illustrated in Fig. 4.

Adhesive is then applied to the end walls i in position to cause them to adhere respectively to the rearward corner flaps h upon subsequent folding. Alternatively, the glue may be applied to the I upper faces of the rearward corner flaps h.

The forward corner portions k of the end walls i are then folded downwardly about the diagonal fold lines 9' respectively (the condition of the blank a then is similar to that illustrated at the left-hand portion of Fig. 183 of the drawings). If desired, the adhesive may be applied to the end walls i after the blank is folded on the lines 7' but preferably it is applied before. Also, the adhesive may be applied to the rearmost corner flaps it, instead of the end walls 1'.

It should be noted that wherever adhesive may be applied toeither one of two portions of the blanks which are to be mutually attached by adhesive, it is preferable to apply the adhesive to the portions where the least number of thicknesses of the blank are superposed. However, in certain instances other considerations may control and the adhesive may be applied to the portions adjacent the greater number of thicknesses.

The blank 0. is caused to continue its direction of travel and the folded end walls 1' arefolded over along the line of juncture with the base b,

thereby causing the end walls i to be adhesively secured to the rearward corner flaps h.

The blank a is then caused to travel in a direction at right angles to its initial direction of movement. Adhesive is then applied to the upper faces of the folded corner flaps 11 over an area of such shape and size that the corner flaps d are adhesively secured to the triangular portions k of the end walls when the blankis subsequently folded. If desired, the adhesive may be applied to the triangular corner portions k, instead of the corner flaps d.

The blank 0. is then folded about the line of juncture between the wall 0 and the base b to adhesively secure the corner flaps d to the end walls 2. If desired, the cover flaps n may be folded against the cover m either before or after the folding of the rear wall c, as just described.

- The box is now completely glued and folded and ready to be stored or shipped. When the box is to be used it is merely necessary to open the folded box into the position illustrated in Fig. 9 of the drawings.

The method above described nay be adapted to the making of boxes of somewhat varying construction, with suitable modifications of the method. A second embodiment of the method will now be described, with reference to a blank of somewhat different construction from the blank a above described, especial reference being made to Figs. 10 to 18 of the drawings.

Referring particularly to Fig. 10 of the drawings, a blank 0 is shown which includes a base p having attached thereto a wall q provided with corner flaps r extending therefrom. A wall 3 extends from the side of the base 17 opposite the wall q and is-provided with diagonal fold lines t defining triangular corner portions u. A second pair of walls w, which may be referred to, extend from the remaining sides of the base 1) and have diagonal fold lines a: defining triangular corner portions y adjacent the corner flaps 1'. Extending from the edges of the side walls 10 are corner flaps z.

The blank 0 is caused to travel with the wall q leading, and the corner flaps r are raised up to a position perpendicular to the plane of the blank. At about the same time, the other pair of corner flaps z are folded over against their respective side walls w. The blank 0 is then in the condition illustrated in Fig. 11.

The rearward wall s is then folded over against the base p and, during this operation, the triangular end portions u are folded back onto the rearward wall s along the diagonal fold lines t, as indicated in Fig. 12.

The forward triangular corner portions 11 of the side walls w are folded under their respective side walls w along the diagonal fold lines :c, as shown in Fig. 13.

Adhesive is then applied to the upper faces of the folded corner flaps 2 over areas of suitable shape and extent, as in Fig. 14, so that upon suitable further folding of the blank the corner flaps a will be adhesively secured to the triangular corner portions u. u

The blank 0 is caused to advance further along its line of movement and the sidewalls w are folded over along their line of attachment to the base 1). At about this time or simultaneously with this folding, the corner flaps r are folded down onto the forward end wall (1 and the blank thus is in'the condition indicated in Fig. 15.

The blank is then moved in a direction at right angles to its original line of movement and adhesive is applied to the upper faces of the folded corner flaps 1' over areas of suitable shape and extent, as indicated in Fig. 16. If desired,

the adhesive may be applied alternatively to the upper faces of the folded corner portions 11.

The blank is caused to continue its movementin the second direction and the end wall q, with the folded corner flaps r, is folded over toward the base p, and the corner flaps r pressed into engagement with the folded corner portions 11. The box is then completed and ready for storing or shipment.

The box is set up for use by raising the end wall q and subsequently the end wall s, which automatically raises the side walls to to their open position. The open box is illustrated in Fig. 18.

The two above described embodiments of the methods of making boxes in accordance with the present invention, may be carried out on various types of'folding and gluing machines and with the employment of various folding and gluing mechanisms. It is to be noted that the method is one which lends itself to execution upon a blank which is continuously moving during the folding and gluing operations and does not require that the blank be halted for any of the operations; if desired, however, any or all of the operations may be carried out upon the blank when it is halted, although it is generally considered preferable to operate on a moving blank as this usually makes it possible to achieve greater speed of production.

One type of machine suitable for carrying out the first above-described method is illustrated in Figs. 18A, 18B, 19A and 193. As will be pointed out hereinafter, this machine can be readily and simply altered to enable it to carry out the second described method; other simple alterations render it capable of carrying out further modifications of the process.

Referring now to Figs. 18A and 19A, the machine, which is shown somewhat diagrammatically, includes a feeding device I which may be of any suitable construction for feeding blanks individually to the machine. For example, the feeding device I preferably includes a feed board 28 which may form a portion of a feed hopper, a pull-out or combing wheel 2|, and a cooperating presser wheel 22.

'The feeding mechanism I deliversthe blanks individually to a timing mechanism 2 which preferably includes a plurality of chains 23 trained over sprockets 24 and carrying pusher pins 25 at predetermined, spaced intervals. Spaced side plates 26, which preferably are adjustable toward and away from each other, are provided for guiding the blanks along the timing mechanism 2. The chains 23 are suitably driven to receive blanks individually from the feeding mechanism and advance them in timed relation into engagement with a conveyor 3.

The conveyor 3 herein referred to as a center type conveyor includes a lower belt 30 trained around a suitable number of suitably disposed pulleys 3|. The belt 30 is disposed centrally of the machine and adapted to engage the blanks along their longitudinal center line. If desired, a plurality of belts may be employed but it is important that they engage the blanks inwardly of the fold lines about which the laterally extending sides and corner flaps are to be folded, in order to permit such folding to take place.

The conveyor 3 also includes a top belt 32 trained around end pulleys or rolls 33 and positioned vertically above the lower belt 30. Both the lower belt 30 and the upper belt 32 are driven in unison by suitable means (not shown) to advance the blanks therebetween, suitable pressure rolls 34 being provided to cause the belts to be pressed into contact with each other to grip the blanks therebetween. The top belt 32 is trained around pulleys 43 and 44, as illustrated, in order to raise a section of this belt for a purpose hereinafter described.

Forwardly of the timing device, is a corner flap raising mechanism 4 of suitable construction and which may, if desired, be similar to the corner flap folding device disclosed in Reissue Pat. No. 16,193 to H. J. Goss, dated October'2'1, 1925; it will be noted that in the present case the corner flap raising mechanism operates to raise the flaps instead of to lower them as in the Goss device, and consequently is below the plane of the blank.

The corner flap raising mechanism 4 includes spaced, angularly disposed arms 35 and 36 carried by suitable hubs 31 at each side of the machine and mounted on a shaft 38 which is suitably driven to periodically move the arms into position to raise the corner flaps of a blank being advanced by the conveyor 3. The ends of the arms 35 and 36 are so spaced from each other and the two sets of arms are so positioned that each arm engages one. of the corner flaps of a blank and raise the flaps to a position perpendicular to the plane of the remainder of the blanks, when the machine is operated in the intended mannner. A rotating top plate 39 engages the blank during the turning up of the corners.

Disposed along the path of the blank are side bars 45- which engage all of th raised corner flaps and maintain them in raised position, until they are folded as hereinafter described.

In order to provide for conveying the blanks through the portion of their travel, where the top belt 32 is raised, as above described, a conveyor 5 is provided, hereinafter sometimes referred to as the side type conveyor.

The conveyor 5 includes top and bottom belts 40 arranged at each side of the machine and trained around pulleys 4| in position to grip between the lower run of the top belt and the upper run of the bottom belt, flaps or side walls of the blanks which extend laterally beyond the side fold lines above referred to. Pressure rolls 42 are provided at suitable intervals and pressed into contact with the upper belt in order to grip the blanks between the belts. in unison by suitable means (not shown) and in timed relation with the other conveyors herein referred to in order to advance the belts throughout the portion of the machine in which they are not under the control of other conveyors. However, it will be noted that in all cases where control of the blanks is transferred from one conveyor to another conveyor operating in the same direction of movement, the conveyors are either overlapped longitudinally or are sufficiently close to one another so that the blank is always under a folder arm 50 formed withan angular head 51, and pivotally carried, as at 5|, by an arm 52 rotatably supported by a shaft 53. The folder The belts are driven arm 50 is normally urged clockwise in a yielding manner by a spring 55 compressed between the arm 52, and a nut 56 threaded on a stud 54 secured in the arm 50.

The arm 50 carries a follower 58 adapted to engage a cam 59 as the arm 52 is rotated, whereby the arm 50 is rocked in a counterclockwise direction against the resistance of the spring 55.

Rotatably mounted above the conveyor is a top plate 60 of generally arcuaie shape and carried by an arm 6| on a shaft 62. The shaft 62 is rotated at variable speed, by a suitable drive (not shown) as will be hereinafter explained, in order to bring the plate 60 into position over .the blank during the folding of the rear flap As the blank is brought into position adjacent the rear flap folding mechanism 6, the folding arm 50 is rotated to a position wherein the head 51 engages the rearward flap 6 and raises it. Prior to this time, the top plate 60 has been rotated into position above the blank, so that the point or edge 63 is in position to fold the triangular corner portions 9 rearwardly and the corner flaps h downwardly.

The arm 50 continues to be turned about the shaft 53 and folds the rearward flap e about its line of juncture with the base b. This operation causes the flap e to be also folded along the fold lines I and the corner flaps h to be collapsed over onto the triangular corner portions 9.

Just prior to the completion of this folding, the varying speed drive which rotates the top plate 69 causes the plate to be moved out of its position against the blank and permit the blank to continue forwardly without interference or stopping. Also, the arm 52 has been rotated sufficiently so that the cam follower 58 engages the cam 59 and rocks the arm 50 aboutits pivot in a counterclockwise direction relatively to the arm 52, thereby moving the head 51 away from the blank.

It will be understood that the blank is not halted for this folding movement and all the above described operations are carried out while the blank is being advanced along its path.

Forwardly of the rear flap folding mechanism 6, the top belt 32 of the center conveyor 3 is again brought down into engagement with the blank to form, in effect, a second center conveyor 8. If preferred, the two center conveyors 3 and 8 may be constructed as separate conveyors or, alternatively, these conveyors may have a common lower belt, as shown, and separate top belts. In any case, all of the conveyors of the machine are suitably driven in synchronism.

Forwardly of the rear flap folding mechanism 6 is a corner folding device H which includes a pair of side folder bars 45' which may, if desired, be continuous with the side bars 45. As the blank is advanced along its path, the side folder bars 45' cause the forward corner flaps d to be folded over onto the forward wall 0. If desired, instead of stationary folder bars 45' as illustrated, travel-- ing twisted belts of known construction may be substituted for folding the forward corner flaps against the front wall 0. I

The folder bars 45' preferably extend to the end wall folding device, hereinafter described, and serve to hold the folded forward corner flaps d in folded position.

Forwardly of or adjacent the rear flap folding device 6 is a gluer 1 including top glue rolls 65 and bottom glue rolls 66. In the present embodiment, two top rolls 65 and two'corresponding bottom rolls 66 are shown but it will be understood that a single top roll and a single bottom roll may be employed if desired. The top roll 65 carries a glue pad (not shown) of suitable shape to apply glue to an area of suitable shape on the end walls 1 of the blank. Suitable glue supplying means (not shown) are provided and also suitable means (not shown) for driving the glue rolls 65 are provided whereby the glue pads are brought into contact with each blank as the several blanks are advanced by the conveyors.

Forwardly of the gluer is a diagonal fold mechanism 9 for folding the side walls i along the diagonal fold lines i. While any suitable mechanism may be employed, I prefer to use a mechanism similar to that disclosed in the copending application of Leon E. La Bombard, Serial No. 317,646, filed February 7, 1940.

This device includes a flap deflector, which in the present embodiment of the invention, includes at each side of the machine a chain 10 trained around sprockets 1!, H and carrying one or more studs 12. Means are provided for causing the chain Hi to travel and bring the stud I2 into engagement with the side wall 2' of successive blanks and thereby depress the side wall sufliciently so that itengages the folder be described.

A folder member 15 is provided at each side of the conveyor for folding the blanks along the diagonal fold lines a of the corresponding end wall 1. The folder member 15 includes a top surface 16 having a rearward edge 11 extending at an angle of 45 outwardly from the line of movement of the blanks. Extending downwardly and forwardly from the edge I1 is a folder surface 18 which meets a surface extending downwardly and outwardly in a forward direction, the surfaces I8 and 80 meeting in a common lower edge 19.

As a blank is advanced by the conveyor 8, each deflector deflects the laterally extending end wall i, and the forward edge of this wall engages the surface 18 and is turned downwardly about the diagonal fold lines 1', until the forward edge of the wall meets the abutment provided by the surface 80, whereupon the forward triangular portion is is folded backwardly and upwardly against the end wall 1'. As the blank continues to move forwardly, the end wall 1', with the triangular portion is folded under it, passes over the folder member 15.

Forwardly of the diagonal fold mechanism 9 is an end wall folding device I0 comprising twisted folder bars disposed at the sides of the conveyor. Referring particularly to Fig. 183, it will be noted that the folder bars 45 of the corner flap folding device ll terminate short of the folder bars 85 and thus as the blank passes from the folder bars 45' to the folder bars 85, the folded end Walls 2 are free to be folded over onto the corner flaps h by the folder bars 85.

The blank then passes through a pair of pinch rolls 86 and 81 which press the folded and the glued portions of the blank firmly together to prevent unfolding of the blank.

Disposed beyondthe pinch rolls is a second section of the machine including a timing mechanism l2 comprising chains 92 carrying push pins 9| and suitably driven to carry the blank in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement in the first section of the machine. A stop and guide bar 90 is disposed adjacent the outside chain in order to provide an abutment for the blanks as they are driven from the pinch hereinafter to rolls and to guide the blanks in their new direction as they are carried by the chains 92.

Extending from the timing mechanism I2 is a conveyor l3 including an upper belt 98 and a cooperating lower belt (not shown). Suitable driving means -(not shown) is provided and also means for maintaining the belts from contact. The belts are arranged to engage the blanks at the portion between the lateral limits of the base b and thus the belts serve to maintain the adjacent folded portions of the blank in folded condition,

A gluer I4 is disposed in position to apply adhesive to the top surfaces of the corner flaps d and includes a top glue roll 95 having two glue pads I (one of which is shown). A cooperating lower roll (not shown) is provided in the usual manner, and also, means is provided for supplying glue to the glue pads I00. Suitable driving means is also provided for driving the gluer. Thus, as the blanks pass the gluer l4, glue is applied to the flaps d over areas of suitable shape and extent.

A guide bar 96 extends from adjacent the gluer l4 and cooperates with the conveyor l3 for guiding the blanks.

Means for folding the front wall 0 (and the cover m and cover flap n where these are provided) is provided beyond the gluer l4 and in the present embodiment includes a twisted belt 91 positioned by rolls 99 and driven by suitable means (not shown) As the blank is advanced by the conveyor l3, the twisted belt 91 folds the front wall 0 (and attached cover m and cover flap n) over the remainder of the blank, thereby bringing the glued corner flaps d over the triangular corner portions k of the end walls 2' and completing the folding and gluing of the blank.

Means are provided for delivering the blank and, if desired, for stacking the blanks in a manner well known to the art.

The general operation of the machine in forming a box from a blank similar to the blank (1 illustrated in Fig. 1 is as follows:

Blanks are delivered to the feeding mechanism l which feeds blanks individually to the timing mechanism 2. The timing mechanism 2 delivers blanks individually in spaced and timed relation to the center conveyor 3 which advances each blank past the corner flap raising mechanism 4 which raises the four corner flaps d, d, h, h to positions perpendicular to the plane of the blank a,

The corner flaps are maintained in raised position by the side bars 45 until subsequent folding of the blank.

Control of the blank is transferred from the center conveyor 3 to the side conveyor 5 and the blank is advanced past the rearward flap folding mechanism 6. This mechanism folds the rearward flap 2 forwardly onto the base b and atthe same time folds the triangular corner'portions g rearwardly about the diagonal fold lines f and also collapses the corner flaps it onto the triangular corner portions g.

The blank then passes to the corner flap folding device which folds the forward corner flaps d inwardly onto the forward wall 0.

The blank is advanced past the gluer I and glue is applied to the laterally extending end walls 2'.

After the rearward wall e, triangular corner portions g and the corner flaps h are folded, control of the blank is transferred from the side conveyor 5 to the center conveyor 8, which conveyor serves to maintain the rearward flap e in folded condition.v The bars 62 retain the triangular corner portions 9 and corner flaps h in folded condition.

The blank then is carried past the diagonal fold mechanism 9 which folds the end walls 1 along the diagonal fold lines :i, whereafter the blank passes to the end flap folding device I0 wherein the end walls 1 are folded over and adhesively attached to the corner flaps h.

The blank thenpassesthrough the squeeze rolls II which press the folded portions of the blank into firmv engagement and also presses down the folds.

The blank then is delivered to the timing mechanism 12 which advances the blank in timed relation in a direction perpendicular to, but in the same plane as, its initial direction of travel. The blank is carried past the gluer M by the conveyor l3 and glue is applied to the comer flaps d, whereafter the wall 0 and the cover m and cover flap n are folded over about the line of juncture between the base and the wall 0 to complete the box. The box is then passed through squeeze rolls (not shown) whereupon it is in completed condition ready for use.

The machine, as adapted for making the box illustrated in Fig. 18 of the drawings, is substantially similar to the machine above described except that means are provided for folding the rearward corner flaps b prior to the folding of the rearward wall 1. Any suitable means may be provided for this purpose but I prefer to employ a rearward flap folding device for each of the rearward corner flaps b, generally similar to the rearward flap folding device 6 described above.

While certain novel features of the invention have been disclosed herein, and are pointed out in the annexed claims, it will be understood that various omissions; substitutions and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. The method of making a collapsible box from a blank having a body, side walls extending from the body, and corner flaps extending from at least certain of said side walls, which method comprises causing a blank to travel, turning up the forward corner flaps, folding the rearward side wall against the body, folding the lateral side walls along diagonalfold lines, folding the lateral side walls over toward the body, adhesively connecting the lateral side walls to said rearward side wall, moving the blank at right, angles to its original direction of travel, folding the remaining unfolded side wall over toward the body, and adhesively connecting said remaining side wall to said adjacent previously folded side walls.

2. A machine for forming collapsed boxes from a blank having a base and side flaps extending therefrom including a conveyor for advancing said blank and engageable with said blank inwardly of fold lines extending longitudinally of the direction of travel of the blank, means for raising at least certainside flaps extending laterally beyond said fold lines while said blank is advanced by said first conveyor, a second conveyor for receiving said blank from said first conveyor and engageable with the laterally extending flaps, means for folding a flap about a fold line transversely of said travel while the blank is advanced by said second conveyor, and a third conveyor for receiving said blank from said second conveyor and engageable with said blank between said longitudinal score lines and means for folding at least certain of said laterally extending flaps while said blank is advanced by said third conveyor.

3. The method of making a collapsible box from a blank having a body, side walls extending from the body and corner flaps extending from at least certain of the side walls, which method comprises causing the blank to travel, raising the corner flaps, folding the rearward wall forwardly onto said base and folding triangular corner portions thereof rearwardly onto said rearward wall and said rear flaps forwardly onto said triangular corner portions, folding in the forward corner flaps, folding forward triangular corner portions of the laterally extending side walls rearwardly under said side walls, applying glue to said laterally extending side walls; folding said laterally extending side walls over toward said base to secure them adhesively to said rearward corner flaps, moving said blank off in a direction at a right angle to its initial direction of movement, applying adhesive to the two previously unglued corner flaps and folding the adjacent side wall over toward said base to complete said box.

4. The method of making a collapsible box from a blank having a body, side walls extending from the body and corner flaps extending from at least certain of the side walls, which method comprises causing the blank to travel, raising the forward corner flaps, folding the rearward corner flaps, folding the rearward wall forwardly onto said base and folding triangular corner portions thereof rearwardly onto said rearward wall, folding forward triangular corner portions of the ,laterally extending side walls rearwardly under said side walls, applying glue to said rear corner flaps, folding said side Walls over toward said base to secure them adhesively to said rearward wall, moving said blank oil in a direction at a right angle to its initial directionof movement, applying adhesive to the two unglued corner flaps and folding the adjacent side wall over toward said base to complete saidbox.

5. The method of forming a collapsible box from a blank having a base and side walls extending therefrom which comprises causing the blank to travel, folding a trailing side wall for' wardly against said base and folding triangular corner portions thereof rearwardly, folding laterally extending side walls along diagonal lines, adhesively connecting said laterally extending side walls to said rearward side wall, moving said blank in a direction at a right angle to its initial direction of movement and adhesively securing the fourth side wall to said second named side walls.

6. The method of forming a collapsible box from a blank having a base and side Walls extending therefrom which comprises causing the blank to travel, folding in a trailing side wall forwardly against said base, folding in laterally extending side walls against said base, adhesively connecting laterally extending side walls to diagonally folded triangular corner portions of said rearward side wall, moving said blank in a direction at a right angle to its initial direction of movement and adhesively securing the fourth side wall to diagonally folded triangular corner portions of said second named side walls.

'7. The method of making a collapsible box from a blank having a body, front, back and lateral side walls extending from said body, CO1- n-er flaps extending from said front wall and from said back wall, said back wall having diagonal fold lines forming corner pieces and an intermediate portion, said lateral side walls having diagonal fold lines forming leading and trailing portions, said method comprising causing the blank to travel through a machine with the front wall leading, raising the trailing corner flaps, raising the intermediate portion of the back wall and folding said intermediate portion down on said base with said corner pieces on top of said intermediate portion and with said trailing corner flaps on top of said corner pieces, applying adhesive to the trailing portions of said diagonally folded lateral walls, folding the leading portions of said lateral walls downwardly with respect to their trailing portions and their trailing portions down on top of said trailing corner flaps with said leading portions folded down on top of said trailingsportions, folding said leading corner flaps over onto said leading wall, applying adhesive to said folded down leading corner flaps and then folding over said leading wall on said base to complete the box.

8. The method of making a collapsible box from a blank having a body, front, back and lateral side walls extending from said body, corner flaps extending from said front wall, corner flaps extending from the trailing edges of said lateral side walls, said back wall having diagonal fold lines forming corner pieces and an intermediate portion, said lateral side walls having diagonal fold lines forming leading and trailing portions, said method comprising causing the blank to travel through a machine with the front wall leading, raising the trailing corner flaps and folding them over onto said lateral side walls, raising the intermediate portion of the back wall and folding said intermediate portion down on said base with said corner pieces on top of said intermediate portion, applying adhesive to said trailing corner flaps, folding the forward portions of said lateral walls downwardly with respect to their trailing portions and their trailing portions down on top of said trailing corner pieces with saidleading portions folded down on top of said trailing portions, folding said leading corner flaps over onto said leading wall, applying adhesive to said folded down leading corner flaps and then folding over said leading wall on said base to complete the box.

9. The method of making a collapsible box from a blank having a body, first and second end walls and lateral side Walls extending from said body, corner flaps extending from said walls, said first end wall,having diagonal fold lines forming corner pieces and an intermediate portion, said lateral side walls having diagonal fold lines forming first and second portions, said method comprising causing the blank to travel through a machine with an end wall leading, raising the intermediate portion of said first end wall and folding said intermediate portion down on said base with said corner pieces on top of said intermediate portion, applying adhesive to the first portions of said diagonally folded lateral walls, folding the second portions of said lateral walls downwardly with respect to said first portions and their first portions down on top of said first end wall with said second portions folded down on top of said first portions, and connecting said second end wall to said lateral side walls.

10. The method of making a collapsible box from a blank having a body, front, back and lateral side walls extending from said body, corner fiaps extending at least from said front wall, said back wall having diagonal fold lines forming corner pieces and an intermediate portion, said lateral side walls having diagonal fold lines forming leading and trailing portions, said method comprising causing the blank to travel through a machine with the front wall leading, raising the intermediate portion of the back wall and folding said intermediate portion down on said base with said corner pieces on top of said intermediate portion, applying adhesive to the trailing portions of said diagonally folded lateral walls, folding the leading portions of said lateral walls downwardly with respect to their trailing portions and their trailing portions down on top of said trailing wall with said leading portions folded down on top of said trailing portions, folding said leading corner flaps over onto said leading wall, applying adhesive to said folded down leading comer flaps and then folding over said leading wall on said base to complete the box.

11. The method of folding blanks to form collapsed boxes, which method comprises folding inwardly the intermediate portion of a first wall having first triangular corner portions, folding said triangular corner portions to overlie said intermediate portion, folding inwardly main portions of second walls adjacent said first wall and having second triangular corner portions, connecting said main portions and said first triangular corner portions, folding said second triangular comer portions to overlie their respective main portions, folding inwardly end flaps of a fourth wall onto said fourth wall, and folding inwardly said fourth wall and its overlying flaps to connect said fiaps with said second triangular corner portions.

12. A machine for folding blanks to form collapsed boxes, said machine comprising means for folding inwardly a first wall flap having first triangular corner portions and causing said corner portions to overlie said first wall flap, means for folding inwardly second wall flaps ad- Jacent said first flap, said second wall fiaps having second triangular comer portions, means for folding said second triangular corner portions to overlie their respective wall flaps, means for connecting said first triangular comer portions and I said wall flaps, and means for folding inwardly a fourth wall and connecting it to said second triangular comer portions.

13. A machine for making a collapsiblebox from a blank having a body, front, back and lateral side walls extending from said body, corner flaps extending at least from said front wall, said back wall having diagonal score lines forming triangular corner pieces and an intermediate portion, said lateral side walls having diagonal score lines forming leading and trail--' ing portions, said machine having first and second passes angularly disposed, said first pass comprising a timing device, a first center type conveyor, a side type conveyor, a second center type conveyor, said second pass comprising a second timing device and a one-edge type conveyor; means for raising at least certain of said side flaps while the blank is on said first center type conveyor, a finger for folding said intermediate portion upwardly and down on said body with said triangular comer pieces on top of said intermediate portion while said blank is transversing said first side type conveyor, corner folding devices for folding said corner fiaps downwardly against said body while said blank is on said center type conveyor, flap deflectors contacting said leading portions for deflecting them with

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