US2015111A - Apparatus for extruding metals - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 24, 1935. j B N 2,015,111

APPARATUS FOR EXTRUDING METALS Filed Feb: 16, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1.

- INVENTOR Sept. 24, 1935. c. C. JACOBSON APPARATUS on EX TRUDING METALS Filed Feb. 16, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Patented Sept. 24, 1935 UNITED STATES 2,015,111 I APPARATUS roe ax'raonme METALS Conrad d atom, Glen Ridge, N. J.,asslgnor to John Robertson 00., Inc., Brooklyn, N- Y:, a-

corporation of New York Application February 16, 1934, Serial No. 711,466

,6 Claims. (01. 2249) v ably fired through a-firing hole (not shown) and The present invention relates to the method of, and apparatus for extruding metals, and more particularly to'the' melting of lead and lead alloys and in the charging of the molten metal free from oxides and oxidizing influences to a lead cable press or the like, and constitutes certain improvements over the invention disclosed in my copending application, Serial No. 626,442, filed July 30, 1932. In said aforementioned application I have disclosed a method and apparatus for melting lead in an atmosphere of an inert or nonoxidizing gas such as carbon dioxide, and means for introducing such gas into the lead delivery tube and into the extrusion cylinder of the press, so that when said cylinder is being charged with molten lead, saidlead will flow through and into the gas-charged space'out of contact .with the air and thereby practicallypreclude and reduce to a minimum the formation of objectionable lead oxides.

According to 'my present invention' I further guard against contact of the air with the molten 7 lead being charged to the press, and also provide an improved means for insuring against foreign matter which may find its way into the molten metal in the melting kettle from being charged to the press. A further feature of novelty resides in the swinging connection between the discharge chute for the molten metal and the delivery tube leading from the melting kettle. My invention also embodies other features of novelty which will be hereinafter more fully described.

A preferred embodiment of my invention is il+ lustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 isa diametrical section of an apparatus embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the device shown in Fig. l.

Figs. 3 and 4' are fractional enlarged sections showing certain features of the invention.

Figs. 5 and 6 show a bottom plan view and a side elevation, respectively, of another detail of the invention.

Referring tothe drawings, let A indicate an extrusion cylinder of a cable covering press or the like, and B the reciprocating ram which is movable within the cylinder A, it being obvious that the specific construction of the cable press may be 'such as desired.

Disposed in closeproximity to the cylinder A is f 'a leadmelting pot or kettle C suitably mounted above a fire box D within a furnace housing E which is suitably lined with fire brick e and heat-insulating brick 2e, the furnacebeing suithaving a suitable vent opening ie near its top." The melting pot or kettle C is preferably constructed of welded steel plates and is equipped :with a draw-01f tube c which extends through the wall of the kettle somewhat above the bottom thereof and is .of a length to extend inwardly into the kettle to a point near the axis thereof, so that in drawing ofi molten metal from the kettle, said molten metal will be drawn from approximately the center of the kettle, thereby reducing the probabilityof drawing o'if dross or foreign.

\ matter which mayhav'e accumulated at the side the end of a delivery tube F having an ofifset.

portion j which extends outwardly and downwardly through the opening te. The drawofi tube 0 is secured to the delivery tube by screw threads or other equivalent means.

Suitably supported by the delivery tube F is the draw-off control valve G which is mount- PATENT OFFICE ed at one end of a valve stem g which screwthreadedly engages within a bushing 29 and slidably passes through a packed gland 39. At the outer end of the valve stem 9 is a hand wheel ig for controlling the 'valve. Disposed on the outer side of the wall E around the opening file and enclosing the delivery tube F and draw-off valve G is a guard plate H which serves to protect an operator from the heat and flame within the fire box and which extends up around the kettle C, the draw-off tube 0, and the delivery tube F. Extending into the delivery tube F, preferably at a point near its top, is a tube 21' having a spring-pressed valve 3 therein through which the admission of a non-oxidizing gas to the delivery tube is. controlled. Preferably such non-oxidizing gas is prewhich, at its bottom, is formed with openings providing for communication between the interior of the melting chamber and the interior of the melting kettle. Extending outwardly from the top of the kettle is a cylinder extension portion 40 I interior of the melting chamber.

2 provided with a cover element 50 having an opening 60 therein through which a non-oxidizing gas such as carbon dioxide may be supplied to the interior of the kettle. Such gas may be obtained from any suitable reservoir such as a tank ,K, through suitable connections and valves (not shown) The construction thus far described is substantially the same as that disclosed in my aforesaid application, Serial No. 626,442, and the parts hereinafter described .are primarily directed 'to the novel features of the present invention.

Extending into the melting chamber J- in relatively close spaced relation to the side and bottom walls thereof, is a removable liner element L which is dependingly supported from the top of the melting chamber .1 by an annular flange Z. This liner element may be made of steel or other suitable material and has near its bottom a plurality of openings 21 for establishing communication between the interior of the liner and the The lead or other metal which is to be melted in the kettle C may be charged by any suitable means into the liner L, wherein it is melted by the heat communicated to it through the melting kettle C and melting chamber J. As the metal which'is usually charged into the meltingkettle contains impurities which provide 'a dross-which floats on the surface of the molten metal, as does also the lead oxides formed within the kettle due to ex-.

- the molten metal will progressively flow through the openings 21 into the chamber J, whereupon, as the bottom of the liner reaches a point corresponding to the upper surface of the metal in the chamber J, all the dross and foreign matter will be trapped on the bottom of the liner L and can be readily discharged therefrom by the complete removal of the liner from the chamber J. This process of removal of the objectionable foreign substances from the molten metal, it will be appreciated, can be accomplished without shutting down the furnace or exposing the mass of the molten metal therein to the action of the oxidizing influences of the atmdsphere, and accordingly provides a distinct improvement over prior constructions.

To prevent the oxidation of the molten metal as it is being flowed from the melting kettle to ential movement therebetweem'the member M is pressed upwardly to providesuch leak-tight engagement by a pair of springs 2m carried inadjustable compressible relation upon screwthreaded pins 3m depending from a bracket member 4m secured to the wall of the furnace E, the said springs pressing upwardly against a yoke 5m slidably mounted upgn the pins 3m,

said yoke carrying on itsupper face centrally thereof a stud 6m carrying a roller hearing which engages in an axial recess in the lower end of the part m. The spout-carrying member M adjacent said bushing having a flange engaging the wall or the bore .llm, there being holes I lm extending m longitudinally through the bushing. Preferably the interior diameter of the tube N and that of the bushing Hm should be the same as that of the bore 8m at the point of union therewith so as to provide 'a smooth passage for the molten 5 metal. Slidably fitted between the outer wall of thebushing Hm andthebore llmlstheend of a tube 0. At the, innermost end of the bore um, whereat the bushing l lm provides therewith an annular recess, there'extends through the parts so lm a pipe or fitting lZm, which connects with a flexible hose lim, and through saidhose with a pipe Hm leading to the source of non-oxidizing gas, the admission of which gas to said pipe Mm is controlled by a valve Hm. The tube Oat its 28 opposite end engages within a shouldered bore in through ,which the discharge spout tube -N extends, leaving a gas passage between said tube and'fitting. The fitting P is held in assembled 80' relation to the tube 0 through ,the medium of a pair of ti e-bolts p. Also disposed in aligned openings in the part 1m and P, and preferably below the tube 0, is a gas burner tube R adapted to be supplied with gas through a tube 1', said 8 burner being intended for maintaining the discharge spout tube at a temperature to prevent. chilling of the molten metal. Enclosing the space provided between the parts In and P and for confining the heat of the flame from the 40' burner R, I provide a casing S, which, at its top, is

preferably formed with an opening s for venting the products of combustion from the burner fiame. Secured to the outer end of the fitting P in encompassing spaced relation to the end of the 45 tube N, is a bent tube or elbow T. For preventing chilling of the molten metal at the discharge end of the spout, I provide a pair of gas burner lets U adapted to direct flames around said end. Gas is supplied to said burners through a tube If. 50 For manipulating the discharge spout intoand out of filling relation to the extrusion cylinder, the part P is provided with an I operating handle in.

In the operation of my apparatus it will be ap- 55 parent that when it is desired to charge the cylinder A with oxide-free lead or the like metal, that such can be accomplished in the following manner: The discharge end of the spout is brought into position directly over the mouth of the cylin- .0 der A when the ram B is in withdrawn position. The valve 3! is then opened to permit a charge of preheated non-oxidizing gas to expel all the air from the delivery tube 1'', the spout tube N Y and the chamber A. The valve 3! is then closed and the valve lim opened to provide a cylindrical wall of non-oxidizing gas around the discharge end of the tube N. The lead valve G is then opened, whereupon the molten lead will pass down through the delivery tube F, discharge spout tube N and into the cylinder A, it being apparent that as said lead leaves the discharge spout tube N it is encased or shielded vby a wall of nonoxldizing gas issuing from the tube T which eii'eccylinder for extruding the charged metal therefrom.

It will thus be seen that according to my presthe like, and thereby practically eliminate failures in lead sheathings for cables due to the presence of lead oxides therein.

While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited to the details of construction disclosed, since the same may be varied within the range of engineering skill without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. A device of the character described, comprising a source of molten metal, a source of nonoxidizing gas and a delivery chute having at its discharge end a spaced encircling sleeve providing a discharge nozzle for the chute with concentric bores, said chute having connections with both the source of molten metal and the source of non-oxidizing gas, said latter connection being such that gas may be supplied and discharged from either of the concentric bores of the nozzle.

2. A device of the character described, comprising a source of molten metal, a source of nonoxidizing gas and a delivery chute having at its discharge end a spaced encircling sleeve providing a discharge nozzle for, thechute with concentric bores. said chute having connections with both the source of molten metaifand the source of nonoxidizing gas, one of saidgc'onnections establishing communication between the source of molten metal and theinner bore of the nozzle, and another of said connections establishing communication between the source of non-oxidizing gas and the outer concentric bore of the nozzle whereby both molten metal and gas may be simultaneously discharged from the nozzle with the gas in surrounding relation to the molten metal. 5

3. A device of the character described. comprising a source of molten metal and a delivery chute leading therefrom having at its discharge end a downwardly-extending branch and an encircling tube connected with a source of gas, said down- 1 wardly-extending branch and said encircling tube constituting a discharge nozzle through which molten metal and a wall of gas enclosing the molten metal-can be simultaneously discharged from the chute. r 15 4. A device of the character described, comprising a kettle for melting lead and like metals having a separate melting chamber extending into the kettle through the top thereof means providing communication between the melting cham- 2 her and the kettle, and means within said melting chamber for preventing oxides. and other foreign bodies from gaining access to the melting chamber proper.

5. A device of the character descri com- 25 prising a kettle for melting lead and e metals having a separate melting chamber extending into the kettle through the top thereof, means providing communication between the melting chamber and the kettle, and a removable chamher in said melting chamber spaced from the walls thereof and having openings establishing communication with the melting chamber.

' 6. A device of the character described, comprising a kettle for melting lead and like metals having a separate melting chamber extending into the kettle through the top thereof, means providing communication between the melting chamber and the kettle, and a removable chamber in said melting chamber spacedfrom the walls thereof and having openings in proximity to its bottom establishing communication with the melting chamber CONRAD C. JACOBBON.

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