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US20090278957A1 - Image processing apparatus, method, and program - Google Patents

Image processing apparatus, method, and program Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090278957A1
US20090278957A1 US12/434,871 US43487109A US2009278957A1 US 20090278957 A1 US20090278957 A1 US 20090278957A1 US 43487109 A US43487109 A US 43487109A US 2009278957 A1 US2009278957 A1 US 2009278957A1
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Prior art keywords
image
gain
pixel
low frequency
processing target
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US12/434,871
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English (en)
Inventor
Seiji Tanaka
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Fujifilm Corp
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Fujifilm Corp
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Publication of US20090278957A1 publication Critical patent/US20090278957A1/en
Priority to US13/471,016 priority Critical patent/US8345121B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/90—Dynamic range modification of images or parts thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/136—Segmentation; Edge detection involving thresholding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20016—Hierarchical, coarse-to-fine, multiscale or multiresolution image processing; Pyramid transform

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image processing method and apparatus for compressing the dynamic range of an image by changing the gain of the image.
  • the invention also relates to a computer readable recording medium on which is recorded a program for causing a computer to perform the image processing method.
  • a dynamic range compression method is proposed.
  • the method generates a low frequency image of an image and reduces the contrast of a high luminance region, a low luminance region, or the entire image such that the difference between the maximum luminance value and minimum luminance value, i.e., dynamic range is reduced using the low frequency image. More specifically, a low frequency image of an image is generated, then a gain is calculated from the low frequency image such that the darker (i.e., the lower the luminance value) the low frequency image the higher the gain, and the calculated gain is added to each pixel or each pixel is multiplied by the gain.
  • the dynamic range compression allows for making a bright region of an image darker and a dark region of the image brighter.
  • a high contrast image of a person taken against light can be turned into a high quality image by correcting halation in the background and dark collapsed person's face.
  • the method described in Patent Document 1 compresses the dynamic range of an image by generating a plurality of band-limited image signals of different frequency bands from an image signal representing the image, generating a cumulative signal by integrating the band-limited image signals in which some of them are reduced before integrated, converting a differential signal obtained by subtracting the cumulative signal from the image signal of the original image by a predetermined function, and adding the signal obtained by the conversion to the original image.
  • the method described in Patent Document 2 is a method that calculates a correction value for dynamic range compression by making comparison in magnitude of pixel value between an image and a low frequency image thereof.
  • Patent Document 1 is not able to completely eliminate overshooting or undershooting adjacent to an edge included in an image, since the dynamic range compression is performed based on frequency separation of the image.
  • the method described in Patent Document 2 may cause a processed image to be discontinuous at a position where the correction value is changed, since the correction value is calculated based on the magnitude of pixel value between an image and a low frequency image thereof.
  • the present invention has been developed in view of the circumstances described above, and it is an object of the present invention to improve image quality of a dynamic range compressed image.
  • a first image processing apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus, including:
  • a region setting unit for setting one or more regions on a processing target image in which each pixel of the image is included according to a level of each pixel;
  • a low frequency image generation unit for generating a low frequency image of the processing target image
  • a gain calculation unit for calculating a gain for each pixel of the processing target image such that the lower the level the greater the gain, wherein the unit calculates the gain such that pixels in each of the one or more regions in which each pixel of the processing target image is included have substantially the same gain based on a region setting result and a level of each pixel of the low frequency image;
  • a processing unit for generating a processed image by performing dynamic range compression on the processing target image based on the gain.
  • the gain calculation unit may be a unit that calculates a provisional gain for each pixel of the low frequency image such that the lower the level the greater the gain and, based on the region setting result, calculates a representative value of the provisional gains of pixels in each of the one or more regions in which each pixel of the processing target image is included as the gain for each pixel of the processing target image.
  • the average value, weighted average value, or intermediate value of the provisional gains, or the like may be used.
  • the gain calculation unit may be a unit that calculates, based on the region setting result, a representative value of pixels in each of the one or more regions in which each pixel of the low frequency image is included, and calculates the gain for each pixel of the processing target image such that the lower the level of the representative value the greater the gain.
  • the average value, weighted average value, or intermediate value of the pixels, or the like may be used.
  • a second image processing apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus, including:
  • a low frequency image generation unit for generating a plurality of low frequency images of different frequency bands from a processing target image
  • a region setting unit for setting one or more regions on at least one of those of the plurality of low frequency images up to a predetermined frequency band, which is higher than a first frequency band, in which each pixel of the at least one low frequency image is included according to a level of each pixel of the at least one low frequency image;
  • a gain calculation unit for calculating a first gain for each pixel of a first low frequency image of the first frequency band such that the lower the level the greater the gain, calculating, based on a region setting result, a representative value of the first gains of pixels in each of the one or more regions in which each pixel of a second low frequency image of a second frequency band, which is next higher than the first frequency band, is included as a second gain of each pixel of the second low frequency image, and outputting a second gain calculated by repeating the calculation of a new second gain using a low frequency image of the next higher frequency band than that of the second low frequency image as a new second low frequency image and the second gain as a new first gain to the predetermined frequency band as a final gain of each pixel of the processing target image; and
  • a processing unit for generating a processed image by performing dynamic range compression on the processing target image based on the gain.
  • a photographing apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus, including:
  • an imaging unit for obtaining a processing target image by photographing a subject
  • a first image processing method of the present invention is a method including the steps of:
  • a second image processing method of the present invention is a method including the steps of:
  • Each of the first and second image processing methods of the present invention may be provided as a program recorded on a computer readable recording medium for causing a computer to perform the method.
  • one or more regions is set on a processing target image in which each pixel of the image is included according to a level of each pixel, and further a low frequency image of the processing target image is generated. Then, based on a region setting result and a level of each pixel of the low frequency image, the gain is calculated such that pixels in each of the one or more regions in which each pixel of the processing target image is included have substantially the same gain, and based on the calculated gain, a processed image is generated by performing dynamic range compression on the processing target image.
  • substantially the same gain is calculated for pixels in each of the one or more regions of the processing target image in which each pixel of the processing target image is included. Consequently, dynamic range compression of the processing target image does not cause overshooting and undershooting arising from a large pixel value variation adjacent to the boundary of the one or more regions in which each pixel of the image is included. Therefore, a high quality processed image without overshooting and undershooting may be obtained.
  • the low frequency image represents a brightness variation of the processing target image in a manner such that the lower the frequency band of the low frequency image, the more global will be the variation. Therefore, in order to calculate the gain for changing an overall dynamic range of the processing target image, it is preferable that the frequency band of the low frequency image is as low as possible.
  • the frequency difference between the two images becomes large, and the blurred range, i.e., variation range of pixel levels in the low frequency image becomes very large at the boundary between the regions in which each pixel of the processing target image is included, so that the use of the region setting result of the processing target image does not yield appropriate gains.
  • a plurality of low frequency images of different frequency bands is generated from a processing target image, and one or more regions are set on at least one of those of the plurality of low frequency images up to a predetermined frequency band, which is higher than a first frequency band, in which each pixel of the at least one low frequency image is included according to a level of each pixel of the at least one low frequency image.
  • a first gain is calculated such that the lower the level of each pixel of a first low frequency image of the first frequency band the greater the gain and, based on a region setting result, a representative value of the first gains of pixels in each of the one or more regions in which each pixel of a second low frequency image of a second frequency band, which is next higher than the first frequency band, is included is calculated as a second gain of each pixel of the second low frequency image.
  • the first and second low frequency images are close to each other in frequency band, so that the difference in blur degree is small. Therefore, the pixel level variation range in the first low frequency image becomes small at the boundary between the regions in which each pixel of the second low frequency image is included, so that the gains for the second low frequency image may be calculated appropriately.
  • the calculation of a new second gain is repeated using a low frequency image of the next higher frequency band than that of the second low frequency image as a new second low frequency image and the second gain as a new first gain to the predetermined frequency band, and a second gain calculated by this is outputted as a final gain of each pixel of the processing target image.
  • the gain according to a global brightness variation of the processing target image may be calculated without being influenced by the variation range of pixel levels at the boundary between the regions in which each pixel of the processing target image is included. Accordingly, a high quality processed image without overshooting and undershooting may be obtained.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a digital camera to which the image processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied, schematically illustrating the configuration thereof.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a configuration of the imaging unit shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a color filter.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the gain processing unit shown in FIG. 1 , schematically illustrating the configuration thereof.
  • FIG. 5 is a two-dimensional representation of the luminance values of an image for explaining gain calculation.
  • FIG. 6 is a two-dimensional representation of the luminance values of a blurred image for explaining gain calculation.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a luminance value curve of an edge portion for explaining gain calculation.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a provisional gain curve
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the state in which overshooting and undershooting occur.
  • FIG. 10 is a two-dimensional representation of the provisional gains calculated based on the blurred image.
  • FIG. 11 is a two-dimensional representation of the final gains calculated based on the region setting result.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates provisional and final gain curves.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a gain processing result according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating processing performed in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 schematically illustrates processing performed in a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating the processing performed in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates region setting of a blurred image.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a digital camera to which the image processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied, illustrating the configuration thereof.
  • digital camera 1 according to the present embodiment includes imaging unit 2 , imaging control unit 3 , signal processing unit 4 , compression/expansion unit 5 , frame memory 6 , medium control unit 7 , internal memory 8 , and display control unit 9 .
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a configuration of imaging unit 2 .
  • imaging unit 2 includes lens 20 , aperture 21 , shutter 22 , CCD 23 , analog front-end (AFE) 24 , and A/D converter 25 .
  • AFE analog front-end
  • Lens 20 includes a plurality of functional lenses, such as a focus lens for bringing a subject into focus, a zoom lens for realizing a zoom function and the like, and positions of the lenses are controlled by a not shown lens drive unit.
  • the aperture diameter of aperture 21 is controlled by a not shown aperture drive unit based on the aperture data obtained by AE processing.
  • Shutter 22 is a mechanical shutter and driven by a not shown shutter drive unit according to the shutter speed obtained by AE processing.
  • CCD 23 includes a photoelectric surface having multitudes of light receiving elements disposed two-dimensionally, and a light image representing a subject is formed on the photoelectric surface and subjected to photoelectric conversion, whereby an analog image signal is obtained.
  • a color filter having R, G, and B filters disposed regularly is provided in front of CCD 23 .
  • AFE performs noise reduction and gain adjustment (hereinafter, analog processing) on an analog image signal outputted from CCD 23 .
  • A/D conversion unit 25 converts the analog image signal analog-processed by AFE to a digital signal.
  • the image data obtained by converting the analog image signal obtained by CCD 23 of imaging units 2 are RAW data in which each pixel has a density value of R, G, or B.
  • Imaging control unit 3 controls imaging after the release button is depressed. It also performs AF and AE processing to set the focal position, aperture value data and shutter speed when the release button is depressed half-way. When the release button is not depressed, imaging control unit 3 controls imaging unit 2 to take a through image.
  • Signal processing unit 4 performs signal processing, such as white balance correction, tone correction, sharpness correction, and color correction on the digital image data obtained by imaging unit 2 .
  • Compression/expansion unit 5 generates an image file by compressing the image data processed by signal processing unit 4 , for example, in JPEG compression format.
  • Frame memory 6 is a work memory used when various types of processing, including the processing of signal processing unit 4 , are performed on the image data representing the image obtained by imaging units 2 .
  • Medium control unit 7 gains access to recording medium 10 and controls read/write operations of image file.
  • Internal memory 8 has stored therein various constants to be set in digital camera 1 , programs to be executed by CPU 13 , and the like.
  • Display control unit 9 causes image data stored in frame memory 6 or an image recorded in recording medium 10 to be displayed on monitor 11 .
  • Digital camera 1 further includes gain processing unit 12 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of gain processing unit 12 , illustrating the configuration thereof. As illustrated in FIG. 4 , gain processing unit 12 includes level information calculation unit 31 , low frequency image generation unit 32 , region setting unit 33 , gain calculation unit 34 , and multiplication unit 35 .
  • Level information calculation unit 31 calculates the level of each pixel of processing target image S 0 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “image S 0 ”) obtained by photographing and not yet subjected to the signal processing. More specifically, level information calculation unit 31 calculates luminance value Y of each pixel as the level by Formula (1) below.
  • each pixel of image S 0 has only one of R G B values, so that level information calculation unit 31 calculates luminance value Y of each pixel after calculating each of RGB values by performing interpolation operations using RGB values of surrounding pixels. More specifically, for a pixel having a R value shown in FIG. 3 , level information calculation unit 31 calculates G and B values by performing interpolation operations using G values of four adjacent pixels in the left/right and up/down directions and B values of four adjacent pixels in the directions diagonal to the left/right and up/down directions.
  • For a pixel having a B value it calculates G and R values by performing interpolation operations using G values of four adjacent pixels in the left/right and up/down directions and R values of four adjacent pixels in the directions diagonal to the left/right and up/down directions. For a pixel having a G value, it calculates R and B values by performing interpolation operations using R values of two adjacent pixels in the left/right or up/down direction and B values of two adjacent pixels in the left/right or up/down direction.
  • Low frequency image generation unit 32 generates blurred image Sus 0 by filtering image S 0 constituted by luminance values Y using a low-pass filter.
  • Region setting unit 33 sets one or more regions on image S 0 in which each pixel of image S 0 is included according to the magnitude of luminance value Y of each pixel. More specifically, region setting unit 33 calculates, with respect to each region setting target pixel of image S 0 , an absolute value of difference between luminance value Y of the target pixel and luminance value Y of another pixel in a predetermined range surrounding the target pixel, and sets an region formed of pixels whose absolute values of difference are within a predetermined threshold value Th 1 as the region in which the target pixel is included.
  • each of luminance values Y in the upper right region is 255 and each of luminance values Y in lower left region is 1, and if the shaded pixel in the center is the region setting target pixel, the region in which the target pixel is included is the upper right region formed of pixels having luminance value Y of 255, since the luminance value Y of 255 is the same value as that of the target pixel.
  • the luminance value Y of 1 differs largely from that of the target pixel, so that the target pixel does not belong to the lower left region.
  • luminance values Y of the boundary area are reduced in the upper right region and increased in the lower left region, whereby the boundary is blurred.
  • Gain calculation unit 34 calculates provisional gains Gk based on blurred image Sus 0 such that the darker the portion of image S 0 having smaller luminance value Y, the greater the provisional gain. For example, with respect to an edge portion of image So shown in FIG. 7 , the variation of luminance values Y becomes smooth in blurred image Sus 0 , as shown by a dashed line in FIG. 7 , so that gain calculation unit 34 calculates smoothly varying provisional gains Gk such that the greater the luminance value of blurred image Sus 0 the greater the provisional gain, as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the dynamic range i.e., contrast of image So may be reduced, so that a high contrast image of a person taken against light can be turned into a high quality image by correcting halation in the background and dark collapsed person's face.
  • a representative value of provisional gains Gk for pixels in each of the one or more regions of image S 0 in which each pixel of image S 0 is included is calculated as final gain Gf based on a region setting result. For example, as shown in FIG. 10 , where provisional gain Gk for each pixel in the boundary area in the upper right region is 0.3 and provisional gain Gk for each of the other pixels in the upper right region is 0.5, and provisional gain Gk for each pixel in the boundary area in the lower left region is 5 and provisional gain Gk for each of the other pixels in the lower left region is 10, the average value of provisional gains Gk of all pixels in the upper right region is calculated as final gain Gf for the target pixel in the center.
  • the average value of provisional gains Gk of all pixels is calculated as final gain Gf. This will result in that gain Gf for each pixel in the upper right region is 0.43 and gain Gf for each pixel in the lower left region is 5.8, as shown in FIG. 11 .
  • final gains Gf are calculated such that the gain variation in the boundary area becomes steeper than that of provisional gains Gk, as shown in FIG. 12 . Accordingly, if dynamic range compression is performed on image So using final gains Gf, overshooting or undershooting is prevented adjacent to an edge in image So, as shown in FIG. 13 .
  • CPU 13 controls each unit of digital camera 1 according to a signal from input/output unit 14 that includes an arrow key, various operation buttons, and the release button.
  • Data bus 15 connects each unit of digital camera 1 and CPU 13 , and various types of data and information in digital camera 1 are exchanged through the bus.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating the processing performed in the first embodiment.
  • level information calculation unit 31 of gain processing unit 12 calculates the level of each pixel of image S 0 (step ST 1 ).
  • low frequency image generation unit 32 generates blurred image Sus 0 of image S 0 (step ST 2 )
  • region setting unit 33 sets one or more regions on image S 0 in which each pixel of image S 0 is included according to the level of each pixel (step ST 3 ).
  • gain calculation unit 34 calculates provisional gains Gk according to blurred image Sus 0 (step ST 4 ) and calculates final gains Gf based on a region setting result (step ST 5 ).
  • Multiplication unit 35 compresses the dynamic range of image S 0 by multiplying each pixel of image S 0 by gain Gf, thereby generating dynamic range compressed image S 1 (step ST 6 ).
  • signal processing unit 4 performs signal processing on dynamic range compressed image S 1 , thereby generating processed image S 2 (step ST 7 ). Then, compression/expansion unit 5 generates an image file (step ST 8 ) and medium control unit 7 records the image file on recording medium 10 (step ST 9 ), thereby terminating the processing.
  • one or more regions are set on image S 0 in which each pixel of image S 0 is included according to the level of each pixel of image S 0 , whereby a substantially the same gain is calculated for each pixel in each of the one or more regions. Consequently, dynamic range compression of image S 0 does not cause overshooting and undershooting arising from a large pixel value variation adjacent to the boundary of the one or more regions in which each pixel of image S 0 is included. Therefore, high quality processed image S 2 without overshooting and undershooting may be obtained.
  • the configuration of a digital camera having an image processing apparatus according to the second embodiment is identical to that of the digital camera having the image processing apparatus according to the first embodiment, so that it will not be elaborated upon further here.
  • the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in the processing performed by gain processing unit 12 .
  • the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that, in the first embodiment, only one blurred image is generated, while in the second embodiment, a plurality of blurred images of different frequency bands is generated.
  • FIG. 15 schematically illustrates processing performed in the second embodiment.
  • low frequency image generation unit 32 generates a plurality of blurred images Sus 0 to Susn of different frequency bands from image S 0 constituted by luminance values Y in the second embodiment. More specifically, low frequency image generation unit 32 generates a plurality of blurred images Sus 0 to Susn by filtering image S 0 repeatedly using low-pass filters or by performing a multiple resolution conversion by wavelet transform or the like.
  • “n” represents the number of blurred images and the greater the “n” the higher the frequency band of the blurred image.
  • region setting unit 33 sets one or more regions on each of blurred images Sus 1 to Susn in which each pixel is included.
  • gain calculation unit 34 calculates provisional gains G 0 based on blurred image Sus 0 of the lowest frequency band in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Then, based on a region setting result of blurred image Sus 1 of the next higher frequency band than that of blurred image Sus 0 , gain calculation unit 34 calculates a representative value of provisional gains G 0 of pixels in each of the one or more regions of blurred image Sus 1 as provisional gain G 1 of blurred image Sus 1 .
  • the calculation of provisional gains G 1 is performed in the same manner as the calculation of provisional gains Gk based on blurred image Sus 0 and final gain Gf based on the region setting result of image S 0 in the first embodiment.
  • gain calculation unit 34 calculates a representative value of provisional gains G 1 of pixels in each of the one or more regions of blurred image Sus 2 as provisional gains G 2 of blurred image Sus 2 .
  • gain calculation unit 34 repeats the calculation until provisional gains Gn for blurred image Susn of a highest frequency band is calculated and outputs provisional gains Gn as final gains Gf.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating processing performed in the second embodiment.
  • processing after an instruction to start photographing is issued by a full depression of the release button and digital image S 0 is generated will be described.
  • image S 0 is obtained by photographing
  • level information calculation unit 31 of gain processing unit 12 calculates the level of each pixel of image S 0 (step ST 11 ).
  • low frequency image generation unit 32 generates a plurality of blurred images Sus 0 to Susn from image S 0 (step ST 12 ), and region setting unit 33 sets one or more regions on each of images Sus 1 to Susn, other than blurred image Sus 0 of a lowest frequency band, in which each pixel of each of blurred images Sus 1 to Susn is included according to the level of each pixel (step ST 13 ).
  • step ST 17 If step ST 17 is positive, multiplying unit 25 compresses the dynamic range of image S 0 by multiplying each pixel of image S 0 by final gain Gf (Gn), thereby generating dynamic range compressed image S 1 (step ST 19 ).
  • signal processing unit 4 performs signal processing on dynamic range compressed image Sl, thereby generating processed image S 2 (step ST 20 ). Then, compression/expansion unit 5 generates an image file (step ST 21 ) and medium control unit 7 records the image file on recording medium 10 (step ST 22 ), thereby terminating the processing.
  • blurred image Sus 0 represents a brightness variation of image S 0 in a manner such that the lower the frequency band of blurred image Sus 0 , the more global will be the variation. Therefore, in order to calculate the gain for changing an overall dynamic range of image S 0 , it is preferable that the frequency band of blurred image Sus 0 is as low as possible.
  • blurred image Sus 0 has a very low frequency band in comparison with that of original image S 0 , the frequency difference between the two images becomes large, and the blurred range, i.e., level variation range in blurred image Sus 0 becomes very large at the boundary between the one or more regions in which each pixel of image S 0 is included, so that the use of the region setting result of image S 0 does not yield appropriate gains.
  • a plurality of blurred images Sus 0 to Susn of different frequency bands is generated from image S 0 , and according to the level of each pixel of each of blurred images Sus 1 to Susn having higher frequency bands than a lowest frequency band of the plurality of blurred images, one or more regions is set on each of blurred images Sus 1 to Susn in which each pixel is included. Then, from provisional gains G 0 calculated based on blurred image Sus 0 having a lowest frequency band, provisional gains G 1 is calculated based on the region setting result of blurred image Sus 1 , and thereafter the calculation is repeated until provisional gains Gn are calculated based on the region setting result of blurred image Susn having a highest frequency band.
  • the frequency difference between blurred image Susi- 1 and blurred image Susi is small because their frequency bands are close to each other. Therefore, the blurred range, i.e., variation range of pixel levels in blurred image Susi- 1 becomes small at the boundary between the regions in which each pixel of image Susi is included, so that gains Gi for blurred image Susi may be calculated appropriately.
  • gain Gf according to a global level variation of image S 0 may be calculated without being influenced by the blurred range, i.e., variation range of pixel levels in blurred image Sus 0 at the boundary between the regions in which each pixel of image S 0 is included. Accordingly, high quality processed image S 2 without overshooting and undershooting may be obtained.
  • final gain Gf is calculated from a provisional gain calculated from blurred image Sus 0 based on the region setting result of image S 0 .
  • an arrangement maybe adopted in which an average value of each pixel of blurred image Sus 0 in each of the one or more regions in which each pixel of blurred image Sus 0 is included is calculated and a gain for each pixel is calculated based on the average value such that the lower the level of each pixel the greater the gain.
  • FIG. 17 shows the average luminance value calculation result of blurred image Sus 0 .
  • an average value of luminance values Y for the lower left region is also calculated in FIG. 17 .
  • the image processing apparatus of the present invention is applied to a digital camera, but the image processing apparatus may be used as a stand-alone apparatus.
  • the image processing apparatus is provided with an interface, such as a card reader, for receiving an image obtained by a digital camera or the like.
  • luminance value Y is calculated as the pixel level, but RGB average value of each pixel, only G value, or maximum value of RGB values may be used as the pixel level.
  • an average value of gains for pixels in each of one or more regions in which each pixel is included is calculated, but the weighted average according to the distance from each pixel, intermediate value, or the like may be used, instead of the average value.
  • a gain to be multiplied to each pixel of image S 0 is calculated, but a gain to be added to or subtracted from each pixel may be calculated.
  • gain processing unit 12 performs gain processing by adding the gain to or subtracting from each pixel of image S 0 .
  • gains for the entirety of image S 0 are calculated and dynamic rang compression is performed for the entirety of image S 0 , but an arrangement may be adopted in which gains only for a high luminance region or low luminance region are calculated and the dynamic range of only the high luminance region or low luminance region is compressed.
  • the final gain is calculated from provisional gain G 0 with respect to blurred image Sus 0 having a lowest frequency band, but the frequency band for calculating the provisional gain is not limited to the lowest frequency band and another frequency band other than a predetermined highest frequency band may be used. Still further, it is not necessary to calculate the final gain using region setting results up to blurred image Susn of a highest frequency band, and the final gain may be calculated using region setting results up to blurred image of a predetermined frequency band.
  • apparatus 1 according to the embodiments of the present invention has been described, but a program for causing a computer to function as means corresponding to level information calculation unit 31 , low frequency image generation unit 32 , region setting unit 33 , gain calculation unit 34 , and multiplication unit 35 , and to perform processing like that shown in FIGS. 14 , and 16 is another embodiment of the present invention. Further, a computer readable recording medium on which is recorded such a program is still another embodiment of the present invention.

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