US20080196784A1 - Wear side weave pattern of a composite forming fabric - Google Patents
Wear side weave pattern of a composite forming fabric Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080196784A1 US20080196784A1 US11/675,198 US67519807A US2008196784A1 US 20080196784 A1 US20080196784 A1 US 20080196784A1 US 67519807 A US67519807 A US 67519807A US 2008196784 A1 US2008196784 A1 US 2008196784A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- warp
- warp yarn
- fabric
- yarn
- binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
- D21F1/0036—Multi-layer screen-cloths
- D21F1/0045—Triple layer fabrics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to compound papermaking fabrics. More specifically, the present invention relates to forming fabrics used in the forming section of a papermaking machine.
- the initial introduction of the slurry is at the portion of a papermaking machine known as the wet end.
- the slurry, or fiber suspension is initially dewatered when the slurry is introduced onto a moving forming fabric, in the forming section of the papermaking machine. Varying amounts of water is removed from the slurry through the forming fabric, resulting in the formation of a fibrous web on the surface of the forming fabric.
- Forming fabrics address not only the dewatering of the slurry, but also the sheet formation, and therefore the sheet quality, resulting from the formation of the fibrous web. More specifically, the forming fabric must simultaneously control the rate of drainage while preventing fiber and other solid components contained in the slurry from passing through the fabric with the water. The role of the forming fabric also includes conveyance of the fibrous web to the press section of the papermaking machine.
- Controlling drainage by way of fabric void volume is one of the fabric design criteria.
- Forming fabrics have been produced to meet the needs and requirements of the various papermaking machines for the various paper grades being manufactured. As the needs arises to increase production speed of the papermaking machines and the quality of the paper being produced, the need for improved paper machine clothing allowing for increase production rates and improved quality resulted.
- a twill pattern in woven fabrics is where a fabric is woven with a pattern of diagonal ribs.
- the twill is typically made by passing the weft threads over one warp thread and then under two or more warp threads.
- each warp or filling yarn floats across two or more filling or warp yarns with a progression of interlacings by one to the right or left, which forms a distinct diagonal line, or wale.
- a float is defined as the portion of yarn that crosses over two or more yarns from the opposite direction.
- Twill weaves are generally designated as a fraction or ratio, for example 2:1, where the numerator indicates the number of harnesses that are raised, and the denominator indicates the number of harnesses that are lowered.
- a straight twill used in forming fabrics is well known, for example, in FIG. 1 a fabric 10 has a straight twill pattern 14 .
- This fabric is prone to guide poorly and can lead to curling of the fabric edges.
- the twill pattern 14 can also “strike through,” or cause marking, and can cause drainage, or hydraulic marks on the web being formed on the fabric. Additionally, twill patterns also have the possibility of creating holes on the back of the fabric that are too large, resulting in drainage marks.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,152,326 discloses a composite forming fabric having pairs of fabric borne warp binder yarns. However, Vschreibinger '326 does not prevent diagonal marking of the web caused by the diagonals present in the weave pattern, and unbroken diagonals are not addressed.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,544,678 (Barrett '678) discloses different float lengths achieved by using additional or intrinsic binders.
- WO 2004/085740 to Ward discloses the use of varying the warp or weft ratios between the top and bottom layers in order to break up the twill pattern. This break up of the twill pattern occurs only on the paper side surface of the fabric.
- the present invention is for a fabric used in papermaking, and more particularly, as a forming fabric.
- the fabric is a composite multi-layer forming fabric whereby the diagonal twill is broken up on the wear side of the fabric.
- the warp paths are moved left and right alternatively, disturbing the twill-type pattern.
- One method of breaking up the twill line is to overlap adjacent warp pairs. By offsetting an adjacent warp pair, a gap in the diagonal is created.
- Another method of breaking up the twill line involves the use of four different floats on each warp yarn of three separate lengths. Fabric born binders are used. In contrast, Barrett '678 discloses at least two lengths of float and additional or intrinsic binder.
- all of the warp yarn pairs change pairing to the left and to the right.
- a fabric for papermaking can have a first side layer, the first side layer having a plurality of first weft yarns and a plurality of first warp yarns; a second side layer, the second side layer having a plurality of second weft yarns and a plurality of second warp yarns; at least one binder warp yarn pair; wherein the first side layer and the second side layer are bound by the binder warp yarn pair; wherein the binder warp yarn pair is an exchange warp pair that exchanges at exchange points; wherein the binder warp yarn pair is woven in binder warp pair yarn groups in a repeating pattern; and wherein each repeating pattern of the binder warp yarn group forms a broken twill pattern.
- the fabric has a first binder warp yarn pair having a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn; wherein between a first exchange point and a second exchange point of the first warp binder yarn pair, the first warp yarn forming a knuckle on the first side layer, the first side layer knuckle of the first warp yarn adjacent to one of the second warp yarn and an adjacent first side layer first warp yarns.
- one of the binder pairs yarns is moving from its' own pair to the warp yarn on the left or right side of it, in an alternating fashion. This breaks up the twill pattern, and gives the appearance that one of the warp pair yarns is floating from left to right
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a weave pattern of a prior art fabric having paired bottom warps
- FIGS. 3A-3C show the individual weave pattern for each warp yarn of FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 4 shows a weave pattern for a fabric having a 2:1 weft ratio arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 5A-5C show the individual weave pattern for each warp yarn of FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the fabric of FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 7 shows a weave pattern for a fabric having a 1:1 weft ratio arrangement according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 8A-8C show the individual weave pattern for each warp yarn of FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 9 shows a weave pattern for a fabric according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 10A-10C show the individual weave pattern for each warp yarn of FIG. 9 .
- FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 A- 3 C show the prior art.
- FIG. 1 a plan view of the wear side of a papermaking forming fabric 10 having paired bottom warps 12 , and shows a diagonal twill 14 .
- FIG. 2 the weave pattern for fabric 10 of the prior art having paired bottom warps 12 is shown.
- FIGS. 3A-3C show the individual weave patterns for each warp yarn of FIG. 2 .
- Alternate columns of FIG. 2 represent warp yarns that are binder warp yarn pairs 12 .
- warp yarns marked 16 and 18 are a binder warp yarn pair 12 .
- Warp yarns 20 and 22 are only associated with either a top fabric 24 or a bottom fabric 26 .
- Warps marked with an X 28 indicate that a top knuckle is formed. Boxes marked with a Y 30 and Z 32 are binder warp yarn pairs 34 .
- the cross-hatched boxes 36 indicate where a warp exchange occurs between the binder yarns 30 and 32 of binder warp yarn pair 34 .
- the gray boxes 38 are where bottom knuckles occur.
- a warp pair group 34 when a binder warp yarn Y 30 occurs in a white box, the binder warp yarn Y 30 is forming a top knuckle.
- a binder warp yarn Y 30 is in a gray box 38 , the corresponding binder warp yarn Z 32 is forming a bottom knuckle.
- a warp pair group 34 when a binder warp yarn Z 32 occurs in a white box, the binder warp yarn Z 32 is forming a top knuckle.
- a binder warp yarn Z 32 is in a gray box 38 , the corresponding binder warp yarn Y 30 is forming a bottom knuckle.
- FIG. 4 shows a weave pattern for a fabric 110 having a 2:1 weft ratio arrangement according to the present invention
- FIGS. 5A-5C show the individual weave pattern for each warp yarn of FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the fabric of FIG. 4 , with a broken twill pattern.
- FIGS. 5A-5C depict a cross-sectional view of a triple layer fabric 110 having a 2:1 weft ratio according to the present invention, fabricated on a two beam loom.
- FIG. 4 depicts the forming side plan view of the same fabric 110 .
- a first weft system 112 is shown above a second weft system 114 .
- Each weft system 112 and 114 is made up of a plurality of yarns 118 , 120 , 122 .
- First weft yarn 118 has a first yarn diameter
- second weft yarn 120 has a second yarn diameter
- third weft yarn 122 has a third yarn diameter.
- the first, second and third yarn diameters 118 , 120 , 122 can be the same or different.
- First weft system 112 and second weft systems 114 are bound together by a plurality of warp systems 124 .
- FIGS. 5A-5C show six warp systems 124 in a repeating pattern.
- Each warp system 124 has at least one warp yarn (illustrated in the example as having 2 warp yarns per warp system, such as yarns 1 and 2 ), and each warp yarn system is woven as shown in FIGS. 5A-5C .
- the weft and warp yarn materials include, but are not limited to mono filament yarns, synthetic or polyester mono filament yarns, twisted mono filament yarns, twisted synthetic or twisted polyester or twisted polyamide mono filament yarns, twisted multi-filament yarns, twisted synthetic or twisted polyester multi-filament yarns, and others.
- Various yarn profiles can be employed, including but not limited to yarns having a circular cross sectional shape with one or more diameters, or other cross sectional shapes, for example, non-round cross sectional shapes such as oval, or a polygonal cross sectional shapes, for example diamond, square, pentagonal, hexagonal, septagonal, octagonal, and so forth, or any other shape that the yarns may be fabricated into.
- First warp yarn 126 binds the top or first weft system 112 .
- Second warp yarn 130 binds second weft system 114 .
- Warp yarns 132 and 134 form what is called an exchange warp.
- An exchange warp is, for example, when one member of a pair of warp yarns 132 and 134 is weaving with first weft system 112 , and the other member of the pair of warp yarns 132 and 134 is weaving with second weft system 114 .
- an exchange warp allows for one warp yarn of a pair of warp yarns to weave in alternate fashion such that when the warp yarn 132 is weaving with first weft system 132 , the warp yarn 134 is not weaving with first weft system 112 , and both the warp yarn 132 and warp yarn 134 are not weaving with the same weft system at the same time.
- some yarns of the warp systems form exchange warp pairs and some of the warp systems do not form exchange warp pairs.
- the first warp yarn 126 and warp yarn 130 form the first warp system 128 , which is not an exchange warp pair.
- warp yarn 132 and warp yarn 134 do form an exchange warp pair. Accordingly, when warp yarn 132 crosses warp yarn 134 an exchange warp is formed.
- FIG. 4 depicts the forming side plan view of the triple layer fabric 110 having a 2:1 weft ratio of the present invention.
- warp yarns 132 and 134 form a warp system, and therefore a warp pair that forms an exchange warp.
- the warp yarn systems are independent from one another and each have a mesh density that is independent.
- the ‘X’ notation marks where a knuckle is formed by a warp yarn that is woven exclusively with a weft yarn closest to the forming side.
- the ‘Y’ indicates where a knuckle is formed by a warp yarn that is woven with weft yarns on both the forming and the wear side of the fabric.
- the ‘Z’ indicates where a knuckle is formed on the paper side of the fabric by another warp yarn and exchanges it's weaving between the weft yarns of both the paper side and wear side of fabric 10 .
- the shaded boxes indicate where a knuckle is formed by a warp yarn that is woven exclusively with the weft yarns on the wear side of the fabric 10 .
- the cross-slashed boxes indicate where warp yarns exchange the layer of weft yarns each warp yarn is individually woven with. Since the invention is directed to triple layer of fabric, the side shown is the paper side with the wear side being on opposite side as indicated in FIG. 4 .
- the warp yarns can have different diameters, for example warp yarns 126 , 130 , 132 and 134 can each have a different diameter.
- the warp yarns and the weft yarns can include monofilament yarns and twisted pair yarns.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 A- 5 C show a pattern. That is repeated every 36 weft yarns in the machine direction and every 12 warp yarns in the cross-machine direction, resulting in a broken twill pattern.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 A-C depict a cross-sectional view of a triple layer fabric 210 having a 1:1 weft ratio according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 depicts the forming or paper side plan view of the triple layer fabric.
- the second set of warp yarns form an exchange warp pair. The difference is that the warp yarns have a different weave pattern.
- FIGS. 8A-8C depict a cross-sectional view of a triple layer fabric having a 1:1 weft ratio. Twenty-four warp yarns and forty-eight weft yarns are shown with the designations of the boxes of FIG. 7 being the same as for FIG. 4 .
- FIGS. 9 and 10 A-C depict a cross-sectional view of a triple layer fabric 310 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 depicts the forming or paper side plan view of the triple layer fabric.
- the first, third, fifth, seventh, ninth and eleventh set of warp yarns each form an exchange warp pair.
- the warp yarns again have a different weave pattern from those described above.
- FIGS. 10A-C depict a cross-sectional view of the fabric illustrated in FIG. 9 . Twenty-four warp yarns and thirty-six weft yarns are shown with the designations of the boxes of FIG. 9 being the same as those for FIGS. 4 and 7 as described above.
- knuckles are formed by the weaving of a binder warp yarn with alternating adjacent non-binder warp yarns. This causes the knuckles to alternate back and forth as can be seen by the shaded blocks of FIGS. 4 , 7 and 9 . This is in contrast to the prior art as illustrate in FIG. 2 where the knuckles do not alternate.
- This pattern continues as the yarns of the binder warp yarn pair exchange their weaving with the first and second layers of the fabric. As can be seen in the figures in some cases no more than four knuckles are formed in this manner between exchange points. In other patterns of the present invention no more than two knuckles are formed between exchange points.
- the invention as it has been described can be fabricated on a three beam loom.
- the triple layer fabric of the present invention can also be fabricated on a four beam loom.
- Use of four beams could result in similar fabrics, with the addition of at least one of a top only warp, a bottom only warp, a bottom warp that binds at the second weft system, and a top pair that bind with the second weft system.
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- Paper (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/675,198 US20080196784A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 | 2007-02-15 | Wear side weave pattern of a composite forming fabric |
AT08748837T ATE495293T1 (de) | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | Webmuster für die am körper getragene seite einer verbundformfaser |
CA002678421A CA2678421A1 (fr) | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | Motif de tissage d'un cote d'usure d'une toile synthetique d'une formation de composite |
EP08748837A EP2122026B1 (fr) | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | Motif de tissage d'un côté d'usure d'une toile synthétique d'une formation de composite |
PCT/EP2008/001174 WO2008098778A2 (fr) | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | Motif de tissage d'un côté d'usure d'une toile synthétique d'une formation de composite |
DE602008004460T DE602008004460D1 (de) | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | Webmuster für die am körper getragene seite einer verbundformfaser |
ES08748837T ES2359287T3 (es) | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | Dibujo de ligamento del lado de desgaste de una tela formadora de material compuesto. |
US12/541,234 US8141595B2 (en) | 2007-02-15 | 2009-08-14 | Wear side weave pattern of a composite forming fabric |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/675,198 US20080196784A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 | 2007-02-15 | Wear side weave pattern of a composite forming fabric |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080196784A1 true US20080196784A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
Family
ID=39620216
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/675,198 Abandoned US20080196784A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 | 2007-02-15 | Wear side weave pattern of a composite forming fabric |
US12/541,234 Expired - Fee Related US8141595B2 (en) | 2007-02-15 | 2009-08-14 | Wear side weave pattern of a composite forming fabric |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/541,234 Expired - Fee Related US8141595B2 (en) | 2007-02-15 | 2009-08-14 | Wear side weave pattern of a composite forming fabric |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20080196784A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2122026B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE495293T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2678421A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE602008004460D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2359287T3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2008098778A2 (fr) |
Cited By (10)
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US20080169040A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-07-17 | Astenjohnson, Inc. | Machine side layer weave design for composite forming fabrics |
US20090205739A1 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-20 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Forming fabric having binding warp yarns |
US20090205740A1 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-20 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Forming fabric having exchanging and/or binding warp yarns |
US20100032119A1 (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2010-02-11 | Scott Quigley | Wear side weave pattern of a composite forming fabric |
US20120125473A1 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-24 | Wesley James Billups | Dual layer twill fabric for conveyor belt applications |
US20150203994A1 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-07-23 | Nippon Filcon Co., Ltd. | Industrial two-layer fabric |
US9303363B2 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2016-04-05 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Soft, absorbent sheets having high absorbency and high caliper, and methods of making soft, absorbent sheets |
CN112534096A (zh) * | 2018-08-01 | 2021-03-19 | 福伊特专利有限公司 | 用于幅材生产机器的织物及具有相应织物的机器 |
DE102021115275A1 (de) | 2021-06-14 | 2022-12-15 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Papiermaschinenbespannung und Verwendung einer solchen Bespannung |
US20230011606A1 (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-01-12 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Woven structured fabric with crossing twill lines |
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DE102007046113A1 (de) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-04-02 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Formiersieb |
KR102006051B1 (ko) | 2012-11-30 | 2019-07-31 | 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. | 평활하고 높은 벌크 티슈 |
DE202014001502U1 (de) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-03-21 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Gewobenes Sieb mit flachen Kettfäden |
US9719196B2 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2017-08-01 | Mahmoud M Salama | Interlocking weave for high performance fabrics |
USD789696S1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-06-20 | Milliken & Company | Fabric |
USD790865S1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-07-04 | Milliken & Company | Fabric |
USD790228S1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-06-27 | Milliken & Company | Fabric |
USD785340S1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-05-02 | Milliken & Company | Fabric |
WO2017151096A1 (fr) | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Appareil de séchage à passage d'air et procédés de fabrication |
USD836330S1 (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-12-25 | Consitex S.A.-Zegna Group | Bag with weave pattern |
USD959155S1 (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2022-08-02 | Curver Luxembourg Sarl | Sheet material |
USD1011768S1 (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2024-01-23 | Southern Mills, Inc. | Fabric |
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2007
- 2007-02-15 US US11/675,198 patent/US20080196784A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-02-15 DE DE602008004460T patent/DE602008004460D1/de active Active
- 2008-02-15 WO PCT/EP2008/001174 patent/WO2008098778A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2008-02-15 AT AT08748837T patent/ATE495293T1/de active
- 2008-02-15 ES ES08748837T patent/ES2359287T3/es active Active
- 2008-02-15 EP EP08748837A patent/EP2122026B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-02-15 CA CA002678421A patent/CA2678421A1/fr not_active Abandoned
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2009
- 2009-08-14 US US12/541,234 patent/US8141595B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2008098778A3 (fr) | 2008-10-09 |
ES2359287T3 (es) | 2011-05-20 |
WO2008098778A2 (fr) | 2008-08-21 |
WO2008098778A9 (fr) | 2009-03-26 |
CA2678421A1 (fr) | 2008-08-21 |
US8141595B2 (en) | 2012-03-27 |
ATE495293T1 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
DE602008004460D1 (de) | 2011-02-24 |
EP2122026B1 (fr) | 2011-01-12 |
US20100032119A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
EP2122026A2 (fr) | 2009-11-25 |
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