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US20040245683A1 - Cyclone plug - Google Patents

Cyclone plug Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040245683A1
US20040245683A1 US10/626,297 US62629703A US2004245683A1 US 20040245683 A1 US20040245683 A1 US 20040245683A1 US 62629703 A US62629703 A US 62629703A US 2004245683 A1 US2004245683 A1 US 2004245683A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
exit
slit
entry
slits
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/626,297
Inventor
Jurgen Kuhlmann
Werner Ritter
Klaus Ruwier
Werner Schonwelski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LWB Refractories GmbH
Original Assignee
LWB REFRACTRIES GmbH
LWB Refractories GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LWB REFRACTRIES GmbH, LWB Refractories GmbH filed Critical LWB REFRACTRIES GmbH
Assigned to LWB REFRACTRIES GMBH reassignment LWB REFRACTRIES GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KUHLMANN, JURGEN, RUWIER, KLAUS GUIDO, SCHONWELSKI, WERNER, RITTER, WERNER
Publication of US20040245683A1 publication Critical patent/US20040245683A1/en
Priority to US11/454,709 priority Critical patent/US7384593B2/en
Assigned to LWB REFRACTORIES GMBH reassignment LWB REFRACTORIES GMBH CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE NAME OF ASSIGNEE PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 015368 FRAME 0739. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE CORRECT ASSIGNEE NAME IS LWB REFRACTORIES GMBH. Assignors: KUHLMANN, JURGEN, RUWIER, KLAUS GUIDO, SCHONWELSKI, WERNER, RITTER, WERNER
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/48—Bottoms or tuyéres of converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
    • B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas lance [or: purger, bubbler] made of a fireproof material, having an entry surface and an exit surface, having channels [or: ducts] having a slit-shaped cross-section that have an entry slit and an exit slit, the gas lance being fashioned as a truncated cone at whose ends the entry surface and exit surface are situated, the entry slits being situated in the entry surface and the exit slits being situated in the exit surface, the channels running between the entry surface and the exit surface and the slit-shaped cross-sections of the channels pointing essentially radially outward from the axis of the truncated cone.
  • Gas lances of this type are used in metallurgical melt vessels, such as converters or ladles [or: kettles], in order to treat the melt contained therein by blowing in gases, e.g. CO 2 .
  • gases e.g. CO 2 .
  • the streaming gas is supposed in particular to cause turbulence, thus causing a thorough mixing of the melt.
  • the gases flow past the entry surface, which preferably faces the floor of the metallurgical vessel, into the gas lance, and exit at the exit surface.
  • the gas lance is integrated into the fireproof lining of the melt vessel.
  • the gas lance can on the one hand be made of a porous fireproof material, so that the gas flows through the lance as a whole, thus resulting in a finely distributed flow of gas inside the melt.
  • channels can also be situated in the gas lance via which the gas is distributed in the melt.
  • a gas lance is known that is fashioned as a truncated cone and has slit-shaped channels running parallel to the axis of the truncated cone whose cross-sections point radially outward in a star-shaped pattern.
  • the channels taper towards the exit surface in such a way that the length of the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels decreases.
  • a disadvantage of a gas lance of this type is that there is the risk there will take place merely a penetration of the gas through the melt column situated over the exit opening. In such a case, there will not be a turbulence of the melt; rather, the melt will remain essentially at rest. The desired mixing effect is then not achieved.
  • the underlying object of the present invention is to provide a gas lance in which the gas exits in such a manner that a good mixing of the melt is achieved, and a simple penetration of the melt by the gas is avoided.
  • This object is achieved in that the projection of the exit slit of a channel onto the entry surface is offset [or: staggered] in relation to the entry slit of the channel.
  • the projections of the exit slits onto the entry surface are offset relative to the truncated cone axis in a uniform direction of rotation to the entry slits, there results a rotationally symmetrical flow field of the exiting gases, which in turn results in an effective turbulence of the melt in the area of the gas lance.
  • the rotationally symmetrical flow field results in a rotational movement of the melt, producing a good thorough mixing.
  • exit slits are offset parallel to the entry slits, a simple manufacture of the channels inclined to the truncated cone axis is enabled.
  • exit slits have different lengths.
  • the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels has a constant length along its run.
  • the length of the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels decreases from the entry slit to the exit slit. This can in particular be required if a penetration of the melt into the channels is to be prevented.
  • the width of the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels, as well as of the entry and exit slits is between 0.125 and 0.5 mm. On the one hand, this prevents the melt from penetrating into the channels, and on the other hand a sufficiently large volume of gas flow is ensured.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a gas lance according to the present invention, in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 2 shows the exit surface of a first exemplary embodiment of a gas lance according to the present invention, in a top view
  • FIG. 3 shows the entry surface of a first exemplary embodiment of a gas lance according to the present invention, in a top view
  • FIG. 4 shows the exit surface of a second exemplary embodiment of a gas lance according to the present invention, in a top view
  • FIG. 5 shows the exit surface of an additional exemplary embodiment of a gas lance according to the present invention, in a top view.
  • Channels 5 having a slit-shaped cross-section run between entry surface 2 and exit surface 3 .
  • Channels 5 each run from an entry slit 6 , situated in entry surface 2 , up to an exit slit 7 situated in exit surface 3 .
  • the width of the cross-section of channels 5 perpendicular to its direction of extension is between 0.125 and 0.5 mm.
  • the slit-shaped cross-sections of channels 5 point essentially radially outward from truncated cone axis 4 , as can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • exit slits 7 additionally extend radially outward from truncated cone axis 4 in a star-shaped pattern.
  • the length of the slit-shaped cross-section of channels 5 is constant along its run.
  • the projections of exit slits 7 onto entry surface 2 are offset in relation to entry slit 6 of each channel 5 , so that the projection of exit slit 7 does not coincide with the respective entry slit 6 .
  • channels 5 run at an incline to truncated cone axis 4 , and in particular meet exit surface 3 obliquely.
  • FIG. 3 additionally shows that in the depicted, and to this extent preferred, exemplary embodiment, all projections of exit slits 7 are respectively offset to the left relative to the corresponding entry slits 6 .
  • the projections are thus offset to entry slits 6 in a uniform direction of rotation relative to truncated cone axis 4 .
  • the projection of each exit slit 7 runs parallel to entry slit 6 .
  • the second exemplary embodiment of a gas lance 1 according to the present invention shown in FIG. 4 is distinguished from those previously described in that the extension length of exit slits 7 is reduced in relation to that of entry slits 6 .
  • the length of the slit-shaped cross-section of channels 5 thus decreases from entry slit 6 to exit slit 7 . During the flowing through, this has the result that the pressure at exit slit 7 is increased in comparison to entry slit 6 , and a penetration of the melt into channels 5 is made more difficult.
  • a part of channels 5 have exit slits 7 ′ and entry slits 6 ′, which have a greater length in comparison to the standard entry and exit slits 6 , 7 .
  • a larger overall exit surface is created for the gas without thereby disturbing the rotational symmetry in the area of exit surface 3 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Represented and described is a gas lance (1) made of a fireproof material, having an entry surface (2) and an exit surface (3), having channels (5) having slit-shaped cross-section, which comprise an entry slit (6) and an exit slit (7). In order to provide a gas lance (1) in which the gas exits in such a manner that a good thorough mixing of the melt is achieved and a simple penetration of the melt by the gas is avoided, it is proposed that the projection of the exit slit (7) of a channel (5) onto the entry surface (6) be offset in relation to the entry slit (7) of the channel.

Description

  • The present invention relates to a gas lance [or: purger, bubbler] made of a fireproof material, having an entry surface and an exit surface, having channels [or: ducts] having a slit-shaped cross-section that have an entry slit and an exit slit, the gas lance being fashioned as a truncated cone at whose ends the entry surface and exit surface are situated, the entry slits being situated in the entry surface and the exit slits being situated in the exit surface, the channels running between the entry surface and the exit surface and the slit-shaped cross-sections of the channels pointing essentially radially outward from the axis of the truncated cone. [0001]
  • Gas lances of this type are used in metallurgical melt vessels, such as converters or ladles [or: kettles], in order to treat the melt contained therein by blowing in gases, e.g. CO[0002] 2. The streaming gas is supposed in particular to cause turbulence, thus causing a thorough mixing of the melt. The gases flow past the entry surface, which preferably faces the floor of the metallurgical vessel, into the gas lance, and exit at the exit surface. The gas lance is integrated into the fireproof lining of the melt vessel.
  • The gas lance can on the one hand be made of a porous fireproof material, so that the gas flows through the lance as a whole, thus resulting in a finely distributed flow of gas inside the melt. On the other hand, channels can also be situated in the gas lance via which the gas is distributed in the melt. [0003]
  • From DE 36 25 117 C1, on which the present invention is based, a gas lance is known that is fashioned as a truncated cone and has slit-shaped channels running parallel to the axis of the truncated cone whose cross-sections point radially outward in a star-shaped pattern. In addition, the channels taper towards the exit surface in such a way that the length of the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels decreases. [0004]
  • A disadvantage of a gas lance of this type is that there is the risk there will take place merely a penetration of the gas through the melt column situated over the exit opening. In such a case, there will not be a turbulence of the melt; rather, the melt will remain essentially at rest. The desired mixing effect is then not achieved. [0005]
  • On the basis of this prior art, the underlying object of the present invention is to provide a gas lance in which the gas exits in such a manner that a good mixing of the melt is achieved, and a simple penetration of the melt by the gas is avoided. [0006]
  • This object is achieved in that the projection of the exit slit of a channel onto the entry surface is offset [or: staggered] in relation to the entry slit of the channel. [0007]
  • Due to the fact that the projection of the exit slit is offset in relation to the entry slit, the channels are inclined in relation to the axis of the truncated cone. This has the result that the direction of flow of the exiting gas is not perpendicular to the exit surface, but rather is inclined to this surface. The ferrostatic pressure therefore does not stand perpendicular to the channels. On the one hand, this has the advantage that the risk of a mere penetration of the melt column situated above the exit surface is reduced. On the other hand, the oblique exit of the gas causes a turbulence in the melt, so that especially good mixing rates are achieved. The degree of turbulence is moreover further increased in that the gases exit the slits with a “twist.”[0008]
  • If the projections of the exit slits onto the entry surface are offset relative to the truncated cone axis in a uniform direction of rotation to the entry slits, there results a rotationally symmetrical flow field of the exiting gases, which in turn results in an effective turbulence of the melt in the area of the gas lance. In particular, the rotationally symmetrical flow field results in a rotational movement of the melt, producing a good thorough mixing. [0009]
  • If the exit slits are offset parallel to the entry slits, a simple manufacture of the channels inclined to the truncated cone axis is enabled. [0010]
  • An especially good turbulence can be achieved in the area of the gas lance if the exit slits extend radially outward from the truncated cone axis in a star-shaped pattern. [0011]
  • In order to achieve an overall exit surface that is as large as possible while maintaining the rotational symmetry, it can be advantageous if the exit slits have different lengths. [0012]
  • If a volume of gas flow that is as large as possible is required, it is advantageous if the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels has a constant length along its run. In contrast, if a higher gas pressure is to be achieved in the area of the exit slits it is preferable if the length of the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels decreases from the entry slit to the exit slit. This can in particular be required if a penetration of the melt into the channels is to be prevented. [0013]
  • In addition, it has proven advantageous if the width of the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels, as well as of the entry and exit slits, is between 0.125 and 0.5 mm. On the one hand, this prevents the melt from penetrating into the channels, and on the other hand a sufficiently large volume of gas flow is ensured.[0014]
  • The present invention is explained in more detail in the following, on the basis of a drawing representing exemplary embodiments that are merely preferred. [0015]
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a gas lance according to the present invention, in longitudinal section, [0016]
  • FIG. 2 shows the exit surface of a first exemplary embodiment of a gas lance according to the present invention, in a top view, [0017]
  • FIG. 3 shows the entry surface of a first exemplary embodiment of a gas lance according to the present invention, in a top view, [0018]
  • FIG. 4 shows the exit surface of a second exemplary embodiment of a gas lance according to the present invention, in a top view, and [0019]
  • FIG. 5 shows the exit surface of an additional exemplary embodiment of a gas lance according to the present invention, in a top view.[0020]
  • [0021] Gas lance 1, shown in FIG. 1 in longitudinal section along the line I-I in FIG. 2, has the shape of a truncated cone. Gas lance 1 has an entry surface 2 and an exit surface 3, and both entry surface 2 and also exit surface 3 run perpendicular to axis 4 of the truncated cone. Gas lance 1 is made of a fireproof material, in particular a fireproof ceramic.
  • [0022] Channels 5 having a slit-shaped cross-section run between entry surface 2 and exit surface 3. Channels 5 each run from an entry slit 6, situated in entry surface 2, up to an exit slit 7 situated in exit surface 3. The width of the cross-section of channels 5 perpendicular to its direction of extension is between 0.125 and 0.5 mm. The slit-shaped cross-sections of channels 5 point essentially radially outward from truncated cone axis 4, as can be seen in FIG. 2. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, exit slits 7 additionally extend radially outward from truncated cone axis 4 in a star-shaped pattern. Moreover, the length of the slit-shaped cross-section of channels 5 is constant along its run.
  • As can be seen in FIG. 3, the projections of [0023] exit slits 7 onto entry surface 2 are offset in relation to entry slit 6 of each channel 5, so that the projection of exit slit 7 does not coincide with the respective entry slit 6. It results from this that channels 5 run at an incline to truncated cone axis 4, and in particular meet exit surface 3 obliquely. FIG. 3 additionally shows that in the depicted, and to this extent preferred, exemplary embodiment, all projections of exit slits 7 are respectively offset to the left relative to the corresponding entry slits 6. The projections are thus offset to entry slits 6 in a uniform direction of rotation relative to truncated cone axis 4. Moreover, the projection of each exit slit 7 runs parallel to entry slit 6.
  • When gas flows from [0024] entry surface 2 into gas lance 1, this gas flows from entry slits 6 through channels 5 to exit slits 7 situated in exit surface 3. Here, the direction of flow of the gas at exit slit 7 is inclined to exit surface 3. On the basis of the uniform direction of rotation with which the projections of exit slits 7 are offset in relation to entry slits 6, a rotationally symmetrical flow field results above exit surface 3, which causes a rotating motion of the melt in this area. This rotating motion leads to a good thorough mixing of the melt. Moreover, a simple penetration of the melt by the exiting gas, in which the melt would essentially remain at rest, is avoided.
  • The second exemplary embodiment of a [0025] gas lance 1 according to the present invention shown in FIG. 4 is distinguished from those previously described in that the extension length of exit slits 7 is reduced in relation to that of entry slits 6. The length of the slit-shaped cross-section of channels 5 thus decreases from entry slit 6 to exit slit 7. During the flowing through, this has the result that the pressure at exit slit 7 is increased in comparison to entry slit 6, and a penetration of the melt into channels 5 is made more difficult.
  • In the third exemplary embodiment, shown in FIG. 5, a part of [0026] channels 5 have exit slits 7′ and entry slits 6′, which have a greater length in comparison to the standard entry and exit slits 6, 7. As a result, a larger overall exit surface is created for the gas without thereby disturbing the rotational symmetry in the area of exit surface 3.

Claims (8)

1. A gas lance made of a fireproof material, having an entry surface and an exit surface, having channels having a slit-shaped cross-section that comprise an entry slit and an exit slit, the gas lance being fashioned as a truncated cone at whose ends the entry surface and the exit surface are situated, the entry slits being situated in the entry surface and the exit slits being situated in the exit surface, the channels running between the entry surface and the exit surface, and the slit-shaped cross-sections of the channels pointing essentially radially outward from the axis of the truncated cone,
characterized in that
the projection of the exit slit (7) of a channel (5) onto the entry surface (6) is offset in relation to the entry slit (7) of the channel.
2. The gas lance as recited in claim 1,
characterized in that
the projections of the exit slits (7) onto the entry surface (2) are offset relative to the axis (4) of the truncated cone with a uniform direction of rotation to the entry slits (6).
3. Gas lance as recited in one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the projections of the exit slits (7) onto the entry surface (2) are offset parallel to the entry slits (6).
4. The gas lance as recited in one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
the exit slits (7) extend radially outward in a star-shaped pattern from the axis (4) of the truncated cone.
5. The gas lance as recited in one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
the exit slits (7) have different lengths.
6. The gas lance as recited in one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels (5) has a constant length along its run.
7. The gas lance as recited in one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
the length of the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels (5) decreases from the entry slit (6) to the exit slit (7).
8. The gas lance as recited in one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that
the width of the slit-shaped cross-section of the channels (5), as well as of the entry and exit slits (6,7), is between 0.1 to 5 mm and 0.5 mm.
US10/626,297 2003-06-06 2003-07-24 Cyclone plug Abandoned US20040245683A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/454,709 US7384593B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2006-06-16 Cyclone plug

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10326113A DE10326113B3 (en) 2003-06-06 2003-06-06 Gasspüler with inclined slit-shaped channels
DE10326113.3-24 2003-06-06

Related Child Applications (1)

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US11/454,709 Continuation US7384593B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2006-06-16 Cyclone plug

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US20040245683A1 true US20040245683A1 (en) 2004-12-09

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US10/626,297 Abandoned US20040245683A1 (en) 2003-06-06 2003-07-24 Cyclone plug
US11/454,709 Expired - Fee Related US7384593B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2006-06-16 Cyclone plug

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US11/454,709 Expired - Fee Related US7384593B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2006-06-16 Cyclone plug

Country Status (9)

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US (2) US20040245683A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1631404B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100360260C (en)
AT (1) ATE347950T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10326113B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2279382T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1631404T3 (en)
TW (1) TWI324183B (en)
WO (1) WO2004108328A2 (en)

Cited By (2)

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US20070063359A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Dowd Robert P Aeration system and method
US12144238B2 (en) * 2018-02-20 2024-11-12 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

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US4938461A (en) * 1989-06-02 1990-07-03 Zedmark Refractories Corp. Device for distributing gas into molten metal
US5050847A (en) * 1986-07-15 1991-09-24 Flo-Con Systems, Inc. Staged valve multi-hole injection block and method
US5104097A (en) * 1990-09-14 1992-04-14 Martin & Pagenstecher Gmbha Gas stir plugs with slots and method of making the same
US6551550B1 (en) * 1999-08-19 2003-04-22 Tokyo Yogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas blowing plug and manufacturing method therefor

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DE3538498A1 (en) * 1985-10-30 1987-05-07 Didier Werke Ag INJECTING DEVICE FOR METALLURGICAL VESSELS
US5037072A (en) * 1986-07-15 1991-08-06 Flo-Con Systems, Inc. Injection block and method
DE3625117C1 (en) * 1986-07-25 1987-11-26 Didier Werke Ag Gas-flushing cone
IN168760B (en) * 1987-04-10 1991-06-01 Injectall Ltd
DE3734713A1 (en) * 1987-10-14 1989-04-27 Pa Ha Ge Huetten Und Giesserei COOLING STONE FOR METALLURGICAL VESSELS
US4836433A (en) * 1988-05-13 1989-06-06 Insul Company, Inc. Device for introducing stirring gas into molten metal in metered amount
US5156801A (en) * 1990-06-04 1992-10-20 Refractory Services Corp. Low porosity-high density radial burst refractory plug with constant flow
US5225143A (en) * 1991-02-01 1993-07-06 Insul Company, Inc. Device for directional gas distribution into molten metal
CA2091280C (en) * 1991-06-18 1996-06-11 Michael D. Ii Labate Device for directional gas distribution into molten metal
JP3879794B2 (en) * 1998-03-19 2007-02-14 東京窯業株式会社 Gas blow plug

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5050847A (en) * 1986-07-15 1991-09-24 Flo-Con Systems, Inc. Staged valve multi-hole injection block and method
US4938461A (en) * 1989-06-02 1990-07-03 Zedmark Refractories Corp. Device for distributing gas into molten metal
US5104097A (en) * 1990-09-14 1992-04-14 Martin & Pagenstecher Gmbha Gas stir plugs with slots and method of making the same
US6551550B1 (en) * 1999-08-19 2003-04-22 Tokyo Yogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas blowing plug and manufacturing method therefor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070063359A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Dowd Robert P Aeration system and method
US7377497B2 (en) 2005-09-16 2008-05-27 Philadelphia Gear Corporation Aeration system and method
US12144238B2 (en) * 2018-02-20 2024-11-12 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

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US20060220282A1 (en) 2006-10-05
ATE347950T1 (en) 2007-01-15
PL1631404T3 (en) 2007-05-31
WO2004108328A2 (en) 2004-12-16
EP1631404A2 (en) 2006-03-08
US7384593B2 (en) 2008-06-10
ES2279382T3 (en) 2007-08-16
DE10326113B3 (en) 2004-12-16
TWI324183B (en) 2010-05-01
CN100360260C (en) 2008-01-09
CN1809434A (en) 2006-07-26
EP1631404B1 (en) 2006-12-13
WO2004108328A3 (en) 2005-03-10
DE502004002317D1 (en) 2007-01-25
TW200523371A (en) 2005-07-16

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STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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Owner name: LWB REFRACTORIES GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE NAME OF ASSIGNEE PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 015368 FRAME 0739;ASSIGNORS:KUHLMANN, JURGEN;RITTER, WERNER;RUWIER, KLAUS GUIDO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:019927/0962;SIGNING DATES FROM 20040421 TO 20040429