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US20020179281A1 - Equipment for supplying molten metal to a continuous casting ingot mould and method for using same - Google Patents

Equipment for supplying molten metal to a continuous casting ingot mould and method for using same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020179281A1
US20020179281A1 US10/149,388 US14938802A US2002179281A1 US 20020179281 A1 US20020179281 A1 US 20020179281A1 US 14938802 A US14938802 A US 14938802A US 2002179281 A1 US2002179281 A1 US 2002179281A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
outlets
mold
magnetic field
nozzle
molten metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/149,388
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English (en)
Inventor
Siebo Kunstreich
Marie-Claude Nove
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rotelec SA
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Rotelec SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rotelec SA filed Critical Rotelec SA
Assigned to ROTELEC reassignment ROTELEC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KUNSTREICH, SIEBO, NOVE, MARIE-CLAUDE
Publication of US20020179281A1 publication Critical patent/US20020179281A1/en
Priority to US10/673,171 priority Critical patent/US6929055B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/122—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ using magnetic fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the continuous casting of metals, especially steel. It relates more particularly to the supply of molten metal from above into a continuous casting mold and even more specifically to the techniques using magnetic fields applied to the mold in order to modify the flows of molten metal as it enters the mold.
  • the molten metal is fed into the mold from a tundish placed at a certain distance above it via a dip pipe, called a “submerged entry nozzle”, the outlets of which open substantially in the main casting plane parallel to the broad faces below the free surface of the molten steel in the mold, said surface being conventionally covered with a liquid layer of active slag.
  • electromagnetic brakes were originally developed that consisted in applying, at a predetermined height level in the internal space of the mold, a traversing magnetic field which creates braking forces (Laplace forces) in the moving metal when it passes through this region.
  • a magnetic pole designed like a coiled salient-pole electromagnet, having the shape either of a protrusion located on each side of the nozzle between the latter and the narrow end faces of the mold (EP-A-0040383), or a horizontal bar extending over the entire width of the broad face (WO 92/12814) or of two parallel bars spaced apart over the height so as to flank the outlets of the nozzle (WO 96/26029 and WO 98/53936).
  • the aim is the same: on the one hand, to create, with the like pole of opposite sign placed opposite it on the other face of the mold, a traversing magnetic field whose effect is to brake the excessively energetic streams which rise toward the free surface and, on the other hand, to better distribute over the entire cross section of the mold the main stream of liquid metal which flows downward.
  • such a traveling magnetic field is generally produced by an inductor having several independent phase windings, of the “polyphase linear motor stator” type (generally two-phase or three-phase type) and that this is placed opposite a broad face of the mold, and therefore parallel to the main casting plane (FR-A-2,324,395 and FR-A-2,324,397).
  • Each winding is connected to a different phase of a polyphase electrical supply, in a suitable connection order ensuring that the magnetic field travels in the desired manner along the active face of the inductor in a direction perpendicular to the conductors.
  • the other type of solution consists in optimizing the geometry of the submerged part of the teeming nozzles, especially the outlets for the molten metal.
  • the aim is always the same, namely to control the distribution of the flows of liquid metal entering the mold.
  • this type of solution includes nozzles of the “box” type (U.S. Pat. No. 464,698 [lacuna] and JP-A-63,76753), the submerged part of which has an overall bulbous shape reminiscent of a decorator's brush or of a flattened sprayhead, the function of which is assumed moreover to be similar.
  • the recirculating streams of metal flowing toward the free surface of the cast metal may thus be highly attenuated, to such a point that it might be possible to provide, where appropriate, additional openings at the top of the box or along the side in order to allow streams of molten metal to flow out upward in order to provide an additional uniform supply of heat to the free surface, which it is known is necessary for the casting to proceed properly.
  • outlets placed in the bottom position on the shaft of the nozzle deliver, generally in a downward direction, the primary stream of metal to be withdrawn from the mold.
  • the other outlets are arranged in the top part so as to deliver a secondary stream intended to supply the free surface with heat via a uniform but low-flowrate supply of “fresh” molten metal that has only just entered the mold, and therefore with a high enthalpy.
  • the relatively low manufacturing cost of this type of nozzle may be a significant economic advantage in the case of wear components of this kind, which have to be regularly replaced.
  • Electromagnetic actuators are by nature more flexible to use, and therefore more appropriate for following such variations. However, they are not optimized for any particular operating mode. They control the flows of liquid metal once it has entered the mold and then act sometimes as an accelerator and sometimes as a flow brake. However, they absolutely do not have the capability, unlike certain of the abovementioned nozzles, to distribute the inflow of molten metal between the top region of the mold (toward the free surface) and the bottom (in the direction of extraction of the cast product). Furthermore, they are relatively expensive in terms of investment cost and in cost of electrical energy consumption, and they involve complex and financially burdensome modifications in the technology of the molds which receive them.
  • the object of the present invention is specifically to provide steelmakers with a means of feeding a continuous casting mold with molten metal, which readily allows rapid and precise control of the incoming metal flow distribution between the top and bottom regions of the mold.
  • the subject of the invention is an apparatus for supplying a mold of a plant for the continuous casting of products of rectangular cross section, such as slabs, with molten metal, which comprises:
  • a submerged entry nozzle provided with outlets for the molten metal which lie in, or substantially in, the main casting plane parallel to the broad faces of the mold, these outlets differing in their direction of outflow and falling within at least two separate types;
  • an inductive unit placed over the broad faces of the mold in order to produce thereon magnetic poles of opposite sign facing each other on each side of said main casting plane and delivering, in its gap substantially surrounding the nozzle, a traversing magnetic field covering the outlets of at least one of said types;
  • [0021] means for adjusting the relative intensity of said magnetic field, in the region of the outlets of said type covered which is, with respect to the outlets of the other type, so as to be able to modify the distribution of the total flow of molten metal between all the outlets of said nozzle.
  • said inductive unit is an electromagnetic unit consisting of at least one electromagnet.
  • said inductive unit consists of inductors having a plurality of phase windings of the “traveling field” type, facing each other on each side of said main casting plane, and of an associated electrical power supply which supplies each of said windings separately with DC current, and the means for adjusting the relative intensity of the magnetic field comprise means for moving the location of the magnetic poles in the gap of said electromagnetic unit.
  • an inductor an electromagnet or an inductor of the “traveling field” type
  • the magnetic pole of the inductor must always deliver a magnetic field directed perpendicular to the wall of the mold opposite which the inductor is mounted. Otherwise, the desired effect is not obtained.
  • the facing magnetic poles are of opposite sign so as to create a traveling magnetic field, that is to say the lines of force of which field link the two poles by extending perpendicular to the main casting plane in which the streams of metal are created through the outlets of the nozzle placed in the gap between the two inductors.
  • a magnetic pole of an inductor is defined as the region of the active face of the inductor where the magnetic field produced is a maximum.
  • the pole In the case of an electromagnet, the pole is the end, often projecting, of the wound ferromagnetic metal body which characterizes the device.
  • the magnetic pole does not have a fixed physical representation attached to a given ferromagnetic body of the yoke, but it can move over the active face of the inductor according to the instantaneous intensity of the AC phase currents which supply the conductors and according to their phase difference.
  • a magnetic field “covers” the nozzle outlets, when the latter lie in a region of space within the mold where the magnetic induction produced by this field is a maximum.
  • the first operating version mentioned above may be preferred if, with respect to the size and to the distance of the magnetic pole used, the outlets of the two types are quite far apart on the body of the nozzle so that the values of the magnetic induction in their respective regions may be very different, while the intensity of the field is a maximum, for example, over the outlets covered by this field.
  • the second version mentioned above is better suited to the case, which is doubtless inevitably the most frequent, in which all the outlets are covered and in which only the movement of the pole can provide a field differential between them which is sufficient to obtain, in a pronounced manner, the results desired by the invention.
  • a basic idea of the invention consists in using a magnetic field as a kind of nonphysical valve for closing off the passage provided by one type of nozzle outlet so as to modify the outflow from the other type of outlet. Since the feed rate to the nozzle is constant, or in any case hardly affected by the action of the magnetic field, this action, which acts directly at one type of outlet, will have the effect of modifying the distribution of the fractions of the total flow between the two types of outlet. What is produced is a kind of submerged entry nozzle whose geometry can be varied without modifying its shape.
  • the main outlets namely those from which the outflow of molten metal is the greatest, (those generally directed downward) will be covered by the magnetic field since the variations in the action of this field on the outflows will be more appreciable therein than on those where the flow of metal is smaller.
  • the magnetic field covers the main downwardly directed outlets.
  • the invention uses a traversing magnetic field which can move vertically in the nozzle region but is produced by a fixed inductive unit: a pair of inductors facing each other, each of the “linear motor stator with a traveling magnetic field” type, which are matched so that the inductors are in phase opposition and each of them can produce a magnetic field whose lines of force are oriented in the same direction (the condition specific to obtaining a so-called “traversing” magnetic field), but the phase windings of which are connected to individual DC power supplies that can be adjusted independently of each other.
  • Such an inductive unit is then capable, as is known, of generating magnetic poles of opposite sign, and therefore a traversing static magnetic field, which can be located at the desired point in the gap.
  • This change in the position of the poles is obtained by selectively activating the windings of the inductor by simply adjusting the operating parameters of the individual power supplies, namely, in practice, the intensity of the electric currents which they deliver.
  • the subject of the invention is also a process for operating the preferred apparatus defined above, the process consisting in adjusting the intensity of the magnetic field either by moving the position of the poles of the inductive unit or by modifying the intensity of the electric current supplying the inductive unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically, seen from the front, in vertical section in the main casting plane, a mold for the continuous casting of steel slabs provided in its upper part with an apparatus for feeding molten metal in accordance with the invention in an embodiment with a single inductor per mold face;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram explaining the structure of a flat inductor of known type which may be suitable for implementing the invention and linked for this purpose to a DC electrical power supply;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram taken from a vertical cross-sectional view in the vertical plane R-R of FIG. 1 and illustrating, seen from the side of the mold, the “traversing field” operating mode of the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram taken from a horizontal cross-sectional view in the horizontal plane Q-Q of FIG. 1 and illustrating, seen along the casting axis, the “traversing field” operating mode of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view similar to that of FIG. 1, but illustrating an embodiment of the invention with two inductors side by side per face of the mold.
  • a mold 1 made of copper or a copper alloy and vigorously cooled by a circulation of water around its external wall, receives, from the top, a certain flow of molten metal 2 which it withdraws downward in the form of a semifinished iron or steel product 3 , which will be assumed here to be a steel slab.
  • the slab 3 still liquid in the core 4 but already solidified around the periphery 5 as a result of it coming into contact with the cooled internal wall of the mold, completes its solidification as it advances along the casting axis S through the lower stages of the casting plant, especially by water being sprayed directly onto its surface.
  • main casting plane is understood to mean the vertical mid-plane P passing through the casting axis S at the center of the mold and parallel to the broad faces 22 of the latter.
  • FIGS. 1 and 5 lie precisely in the main casting plane P.
  • the other plane, analogous but parallel to the narrow side faces 13 of the mold, is termed the secondary casting plane.
  • FIGS. 3 a and 3 b are in the secondary casting plane.
  • Violent and turbulent recirculation loops doped by the reflections of the streams of metal off the narrow faces 13 of the mold, therefore greatly disturb the free surface 9 . These disturbances are deleterious and must be attenuated, or indeed eliminated. However, this attenuation must not prejudice the heat influx to the free surface 9 carried by the secondary streams 12 . Since the operating regime of a continuous caster is above all of the “transient” type, especially because of the variations in the casting speed, this desired balance between the need for a flat and calm free surface and for a free surface heated by the “fresh” molten metal coming from the nozzle is therefore almost permanently thrown into question.
  • an inductive unit consisting of a pair of electromagnetic inductors 14 , 15 , is placed opposite the terminal part of the nozzle.
  • These two inductors are matched so that each produces a magnetic pole facing each other, of opposite sign, so as to create a traversing magnetic field perpendicular to the broad faces 22 .
  • this traversing field is located at “M” in the bottom part of the gap so as to “cover” the outlets of type 7 situated at the bottom end of the body of the nozzle 6 .
  • these inductors are designed so that their magnetic poles can be moved together in the gap.
  • M represents an initial bottom position of the magnetic field in the gap and N represents a top final position after vertical movement over a distance “d” in the direction of the outlets 8 delivering upward streams of metal.
  • the movement of the magnetic field may be obtained by means of a pair of “electromagnet”-type inductors which are therefore provided with a salient magnetic pole, serving as a support for a wire conductor wound around it, and are mounted so as to move translationally along a frame fastened to the casting plant.
  • This construction therefore requires the inductive unit to physically move.
  • an inductive unit such as that shown schematically in FIG. 2, consisting, opposite each other and on each side of the broad faces 22 of the mold, of two “traveling magnetic field”-type inductors with a plurality of phase windings.
  • the inductor shown here is a flat inductor of the “linear motor stator” type and has two phases (and therefore two phase windings). These conductors are straight copper bars 16 , 17 , 16 ′, 17 ′, four in number, mutually parallel, spaced apart and laying horizontally.
  • Each winding is composed of two bars linked together in series opposition so that the electric current flows through them in opposite directions. It does not matter whether the linked bars are immediately adjacent bars, such as 17 with 16 ′ and 16 with 17 ′ (inductor with adjacent poles), or are offset, such as 16 with 16 ′ and 17 with 17 ′ (inductor with distributed poles), as shown in the figure.
  • each phase winding be connected to an individual DC (or rectified) power supply and to this power supply alone and which is independent of that of the other winding.
  • These individual power supplies shown symbolically at 18 and 19 in FIG. 2, may have, for reasons of convenience, their neutral commoned. They may be integrated into a power supply unit 20 provided with means 21 a and 21 b for autonomously adjusting the intensities of the currents delivered by each individual power supply 18 , 19 so as to be able, for example, to make a current of maximum intensity flow in one winding while the other is deactivated (zero current), and vice versa, together with all the intermediate adjustments.
  • the flat inductor 14 ( 15 ) can create, no longer a traveling field, as is ordinarily the case, but a static magnetic field whose magnetic pole which delivers it can be shifted over the active face of the inductor in a direction perpendicular to the conductors, simply by suitably modifying the intensities of the current in the two windings.
  • a more detailed description of this type of inductor and of its traveling-field and static-field modes of operation may moreover be found, if needed, in the PCT international patent application published in the name of the Applicant under No. WO 99/30856.
  • the bottom position “M” of the magnetic pole corresponds to a maximum current in the winding 16 , 16 ′, associated with a zero current in the winding 17 , 17 ′.
  • the top position “N” in FIG. 3 corresponds to a maximum current in the winding 17 , 17 ′ associated with a zero current in the winding 16 , 16 ′.
  • the two matched flat inductors 14 and 15 are configured so that their respective magnetic poles facing each other have opposite polarities. Consequently, the magnetic field of one is added to the magnetic field of the other at any point in the gap between the two inductors.
  • the configuration is of the “traversing field” type, as illustrated by the arrows B, the lines of force joining the magnetic poles of one inductor to the other by crossing, perpendicularly, the main casting plane P, and therefore the direction of the streams of molten metal leaving the nozzle.
  • each inductor 14 , 15 may be shifted vertically by a distance “d” from a bottom location “M”, where the magnetic braking action on the flows from the main outlets 7 is a maximum, to a top location “N” corresponding to a magnetic braking action which is reduced on the main outlets 7 but increased on the secondary outlets 8 .
  • the nozzle must have outlets in the main casting plane of the mold in order for the invention to be applicable, it may also be provided with other outlets placed elsewhere, for example diagonally in the direction of the corners of the mold.
  • the invention gives better results in the case of “box”-type nozzles mentioned above, it also applies to straight nozzles, the essential point being that the submerged entry nozzles used for the casting must have different outlets falling within at least two types by the directions—usually upward and downward—that they impose on the streams of molten metal which leave therefrom parallel to the broad faces.
  • the invention also applies, for example, to straight nozzles having lateral outlets differing by being top and bottom over the shaft of the nozzle.
  • the intensity B of the magnetic field remains constant. However, as already indicated, it may very well vary by the intensity of the supply currents being modified, the field itself possibly being moved in the gap at the same time or separately.
  • the inductor 14 (like the inductor 15 of course) may be divided into two identical parts 14 a and 14 b placed side by side on the same face of the mold on each side of the casting axis S on which the casting nozzle is moreover conventionally centered.
  • the lateral regions of the nozzle are “covered” independently of each other by a magnetic field so as to be able to act selectively on the streams of teemed metal 11 , 12 leaving these regions.
  • each inductive part is supplied with current by its own individual power supply (not shown) so as to be able to adjust, as required, the various heights of the magnetic pole on each of them and to separately modify the intensities of the current flowing through them.
  • individual DC power supplies used in the description means not necessarily adding structurally independent individual power supplies but also a single polyphase power supply, having two or three phases and variable frequency, which are set at zero frequency in order to obtain a direct current.
  • Polyphase power supplies of this type are well known. They are of the type comprising an inverter with a variable chopping threshold and are ordinarily used to actuate electric motors having a rotating or traveling magnetic field.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
US10/149,388 2000-02-29 2001-01-29 Equipment for supplying molten metal to a continuous casting ingot mould and method for using same Abandoned US20020179281A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/673,171 US6929055B2 (en) 2000-02-29 2003-09-30 Equipment for supplying molten metal to a continuous casting ingot mould

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR00/02501 2000-02-29
FR0002501A FR2805483B1 (fr) 2000-02-29 2000-02-29 Equipement pour alimenter en metal en fusion une lingotiere de coulee continue, et son procede d'utilisation

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PCT/FR2001/000263 A-371-Of-International WO2001064373A1 (fr) 2000-02-29 2001-01-29 Equipement pour alimenter en metal en fusion une lingotiere de coulee continue et son procede d'utilisation

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US (1) US20020179281A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1259343B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4580135B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100751021B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1192833C (de)
AT (1) ATE248672T1 (de)
AU (1) AU771606B2 (de)
BR (1) BR0108754B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2398724C (de)
DE (1) DE60100707T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2206399T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2805483B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2248859C2 (de)
TW (1) TWI290070B (de)
WO (1) WO2001064373A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130192791A1 (en) * 2010-07-16 2013-08-01 Kenzo Takahashi Molding device for continuous casting equipped with agitator
EP2092998A4 (de) * 2006-12-05 2016-10-12 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp Schmelzmetall-stranggussverfahren

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ES2780350T3 (es) * 2010-07-02 2020-08-25 Vesuvius U S A Corp Buza de entrada sumergida
RU2741611C1 (ru) * 2020-02-27 2021-01-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Комсомольский-на-Амуре государственный университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КнАГУ") Устройство для подачи и перемешивания стали в кристаллизаторе установки непрерывной разливки
CN112276025B (zh) * 2020-10-28 2022-03-08 安徽工业大学 一种通过加入电磁场抑制钢包水口形成旋涡的装置及方法
RU2760696C1 (ru) * 2021-02-09 2021-11-29 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Комсомольский-на-Амуре государственный университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КнАГУ") Устройство для подачи и перемешивания стали в кристаллизаторе установки непрерывной разливки
CN113102686B (zh) * 2021-04-01 2022-11-29 杭州红山磁性材料有限公司 铝镍钴整体磁钢取向铸造方法

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US5279351A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-01-18 Paul Metz Electromagnetic stirring process for continuous casting

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IT1290931B1 (it) * 1997-02-14 1998-12-14 Acciai Speciali Terni Spa Alimentatore di metallo fuso per lingottiera di macchine di colata continua.
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FR2772294B1 (fr) * 1997-12-17 2000-03-03 Rotelec Sa Equipement de freinage electromagnetique d'un metal en fusion dans une installation de coulee continue
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5279351A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-01-18 Paul Metz Electromagnetic stirring process for continuous casting

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2092998A4 (de) * 2006-12-05 2016-10-12 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp Schmelzmetall-stranggussverfahren
US20130192791A1 (en) * 2010-07-16 2013-08-01 Kenzo Takahashi Molding device for continuous casting equipped with agitator

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ATE248672T1 (de) 2003-09-15
DE60100707D1 (de) 2003-10-09
KR20020086913A (ko) 2002-11-20
KR100751021B1 (ko) 2007-08-22
BR0108754B1 (pt) 2010-06-15
FR2805483B1 (fr) 2002-05-24
WO2001064373A1 (fr) 2001-09-07
JP2003525129A (ja) 2003-08-26
CA2398724A1 (fr) 2001-09-07
RU2248859C2 (ru) 2005-03-27
DE60100707T2 (de) 2004-07-29
EP1259343B1 (de) 2003-09-03
ES2206399T3 (es) 2004-05-16
TWI290070B (en) 2007-11-21
AU771606B2 (en) 2004-04-01
EP1259343A1 (de) 2002-11-27
RU2002122721A (ru) 2004-02-20
CN1192833C (zh) 2005-03-16
FR2805483A1 (fr) 2001-08-31
AU3192501A (en) 2001-09-12
CN1392810A (zh) 2003-01-22
CA2398724C (fr) 2008-10-07
BR0108754A (pt) 2002-12-10
JP4580135B2 (ja) 2010-11-10

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