US2089673A - Oil atomizer - Google Patents

Description

Aug. l0, 1937. K. s TExNMANN 2,089,673

OIL ATOMIZER Filed July 22, 1935 ny. 2 W @mmm Fig-4 ls 2o a! 24 25 Patented u Aug. l0, 1937 UNITED Vy.STAT-ES PATENT OFFICE y l I 2,989,613

on. AToMizi-:R .A Karl Steinmann, `Winterthur, Switzerland application July 2z, 1935, serial No. 32,517

. 5 claims. (ci. 299-149) The present invention relates to a devicefor completely atomizing light and heavy mineral oils and' mixing them with air.

`Two constructions embodying the featureaof the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawing by .way of example.

Figs. i, 2 and 3 show the first construction,

Fig'.` 1 being asectional elevation through an atomizer adapted `'to be used as an oil burner,

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation drawn to a larger scaler through the front portion of the atomizer, Fig is a cross section of Fig.. 2.

Figsgl and 5` show' a construction in Whichthe atomizer is used as a fuel nozzle.'

Fig. 4 being a sectional elevation and Fig. 5 a cross section of the atomizer according to line a -b of Fig. 4.

Figs. 6 to 9 show in detail various forms of the grooved forward end of theatomizer nozzle.

Referring rst to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, illustrating a rst construction, I indicates anouter'casing in which is, longitudinally slidable a burner tube 2 provided with a manipulating handle 3 for facilitating longitudinal adjustment of the tube 2 in the casing I for the purpose of regulating the amount of secondary combustion air admitted to thevburner. The atomizer proper" comprises two concentric tubes 5 and 8 of which the inner tube 5 terminates in an atomizer nozzle I3. The inner tube 5 is provided with a throttling valve 4 by means of which the amount of fuel admitted to the tube 5 can be regulated. The outer tube is in communication with a transverse conduit through which air electing the atomization of the fuel is admitted. At the end adjacent to the outer nozzle there is mounted upon tube 5 a guide member I0 connected in any suitable manner with the outer tube 8, for instance by screwing. The fuel passes in a constant stream through the inner tube 5 and to the atomizer nozzle I3. Before reaching the atomizer nozzle I3 the fuel passes through a plurality of bores 6 and then enters an annular port I, on leaving which it cornes into contact with the atomizing air. The atomizing air passes through the outer tube 8 to the guide member I0, then moves through tangential passages 9 provided in the guide member, whereby it receives in the adjacent annular passage or port I I a rotary movement. The passage II tapers towards the discharge opening I2 atomizing air. The atomizing air on leaving the discharge opening I2 comes into contact with the fuel discharged through the annular port 1. 'I'he rotating air stream catches and grips the fuel and spreads the fuel in the form of a thin lm over the cylindrical surface `I4 of the atomizer nozzle I3 at the same time rotating this fuel lm. The fuel 4film thenpasscs over a series of sharp-edged grooves I5. These grooves are either of the same diameter as shown in Figs, 6, 7, 8 and 9, or they may be of a decreasing diameter as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. In the latter case, the nozzle may be provided with a pointed end, see Figs. 2,'4 and 6. In the construction shown in Fig.` 7, the `nozzle is provided in front of the grooves with a semispherical portion. According to Fig. 8, the nozzle has a conical front portion and according to Fig. 9 the grooves I5 extend right up to the front end of the nozzle. These sharp-edged grooves further facilitate the disintegration of the illm by the rotating atomizing air current. 'I

- The number and the shape of the grooves 'depends on the shape of the llame to be produced. Additional `secondary air is admitted through the burner tube 2 in front of the atomizer nozzle. This additional air passes through a conduit iBa provided in the outer casing I and then through openings I6 in the tube 2. This additional combustion air is also given a rotary movement by the provision 4of suitable guide passages in the front portion of the tube 2, so that it assists in atomizing the fuel and becomes thoroughly mixed therewith.

Figs. '4 and 5 show a similar construction in which the device is used as a fuel nozzle. In this construction the atomizing air and the fuel are simultaneously admitted through a rear tube Il. The tube I1 is connected with the atomizer casing I8, said atomizer casing having a portion projecting rearwardly into the tube I'I and formed with a sharp edge. The fuel is separated from the atomizing air in the tube I'I and flows downwardly and under the extension I9, then reaches a passage 2I provided in the casing I8 and passes from the latter through a cross bore and a central passage into a plurality of radial passages 22 leadlng to an annular passage 23. From the annular passage 23, the fuel passes forwardly and spreads upon the atomizer nozzle I3. This atomizer nozzle is again provided with a cylindrical portion Il, and sharp-edged grooves I5 of decreasing diameter. The atomizing air passes through the member I9 into a bore 20 of the casing I8 and from the latter into a guide member 24 having tangential passage 25 by which the atomizing air is given a rotary movement so that, on leaving through the front opening I2, it will again grip the fuel and separate same inthe form of a fine film on the front portion of the nozzle.

It will be seen that the guide member 24 is made separate from the casing i8 and has a cylindrical portion 26 fitting the front portion of the easing Il. The passage through which the atomizing air moves towards the opening i2 tapers towards the opening, that is to say, it has a cross section of decreasing size, whereby the velocity of the 10 atomizing air current is increased.

I claim: Y 1. A device for atomizing liquid fuel and mixing samewith air, comprising in combination: a

common conduit for the liquid fuel and the air;

means at the front end of said conduit for separating the fuel from the air; a conduit for delivering said separated fuel in the form of a rotating hollow jet; a conduit for delivering the separated air in the form of a. rotating hollow jet enclosing the hollow fuel jet; and a nozzle arranged in front of the delivery openings of said two conduits,

said nozzle being provided with a smooth cylindrical portion and a portion in front of said smooth cylindrical portion formed with a number of sharp-edged grooves.

n 2. A device foratomizing liquid fuel and mixing same with air, comprising in combination a vided with a smooth cylindrical portion upon which the fuel is sprayed in the form of a thin lm by the enclosing air jet and a portion in 40 front of said smooth cylindrical portionformed z with a number of parallel sharp-edged'grooves.

3. In a device for atomizing liquid fuel and mixing same with air, a nozzle provided with a smooth cylindrical portion and a portion in front of said cylindrical portion provided with a plurality of sharp-edged grooves, said nozzle being arranged to receive axially thereabout a hollow fluid jet and a hollow enclosing atomizing air jet, means for delivering said atomizing air in the form of a hollow jet enclosing and surrounding said fluid jet, said means comprising a tubular member, a guide member Within said 'tubular member provided with'tangential passages for imparting rotary motionv to the, atomizing air.

4. In a device for atomizing liquid fuel and Y mixing same with air, a nozzle provided with a smooth cylindrical portion and a portion in front of said cylindrical portion provided with a plurality of sharp-edged grooves, said nozzle being arranged to receive axially thereabout a hollow fluid iet anda hollow enclosing atomizing air jet, means for delivering said atomizing air in the form of a hollow jet enclosing and surrounding said fluid jet, said means comprising a tubular member, a guide' member within said tubular member provided with tangential passagesl for imparting rotary motion to the atomizing air, said nozzlebeing also provided with a semispherical portion in front of the grooved portion.

5. In a device for atomizing liquid fuel and mixing same with air. a nozzle provided with a smooth cylindrical portion and a portion in front of said cylindrical portion provided witha plurality of sharp-edged grooves, said nozzle being arranged to receive axially thereabout a hollow fluid jet and a hollow enclosing atomizing vair jet, means for delivering said atomizing air in the form of a hollow jetl enclosing and surrounding said fluid Jet, said means comprising a tubular member, a guide member within said tubular member provided with tangential passages for imparting rotary motion to the atomizing air, the diameter. of said grooves upon the grooved portion decreasing in the direction of the movement of the fuel. l l

KARL .BTEINMANN

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