US208112A - Improvement in lanterns and lamps - Google Patents

Description

J. MORGAN & T. WALTON.

Lantern and Lamp.

No. 208,112. Patented Sept. 17. 1878..

UNITE JOHN MORGAN AND THOMAS WALTON, OF WH-EELI'NG, WEST VIRGINIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN LANTERNS AND LAMPS.

Specification iormingparl of Letters Patent No. 208,112, dated September 17, 1578 application filed August 31, 1675.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN Mono-AN and THOMAS \V ALTON. ot' \Vheeling, county of Ohio, and State of \Vest Virginia, havcjointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lanterns and Lamps, of which the following is at'nll, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked --thereon.

Figure 1 is an axial section of our improved lanterns, showing the several parts in detail. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the base of the lantern, showing the position and arangementof an auxiliary dcflectingplate in the air-channels. Fig. 3 is an elevationor side view, showing how the double globes maybe turned back to expose the burner free from all obstruction. Fig. 4 is a plan of the hinged ring and connected ibra-minated plate. Fig. 5 is a: sectional view, showing arrangement and relative location of the two globes, their supportingring, and the base rin g.

Like letters inall the sponding parts.

Our invention has relation to that class of hand-lanterns wherein the ascending and do sccndin g currents of air within the flame-chamher are counterbalanced by reverse currents directed toward or into said chamberthrough the medium. of a second globe or chimney arranged outside of the globe which forms the flame-chamber, and which class of lanterns are now well known as double-globe lanterns.

Our improvements are intcndcd'to simplify and reduce the cost of constructionofdevices at this class, rendering them at the same time more convenient to light, fill, and clean, less liable to disar 'angement'ot' parts when being handled, of increased elticiency in att'ording a strong and brilliant flame at all times, and

more effective in preserving therequisite steadiness ot' flame or preventing its extinguish- ]ncnt by gusts of wind or by violently suinging the lantern, than are any of the heretoforeexist-ing similar devices.

To accomplish all of this the invention consists, essentially, in an improved method of supplying air to the outside as well as the infigures indicate correside of the luirner-cone; in an improved arran ementot' the air-coiulueting channels beneath the globe; andin certain other arrangements or combinations of parts, all of which will be hereinafter first fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In 1u-evicushy-existing devices of the class to which our invention relates air has been conducted down between the two globes and thence through certain tubes to the under side of the burner-cone, while fresh air has been admitted to the flame-chamber outside of said cone, finding its entrance between the air-conducting tubes.

Thecost of constructing these tubes has been found to be considerable, amounting to a'serious objection, and the results attained by feeding air to the flame at difierent temperatures and of ditt'erent densities have been far from satisfactory. Moreover, these old forms oflanterns do not permit access to the wicl; without removal of the chimneys bodily from their supporting-1ingsan operation re quiring time and considerable care in readjustment.

To obviate these as well as minor difiiculties,- we support the outside globe, A, upon a ring, C, and the inner globe, B, upon a formninated plate, I, forming the airdistributer for the inner globe, and which is connected to and movable with the ring Q, leaving an open space at the base of the two globes for the free passage of air.

The base proper of the lantern is formed by mounting the ring 1'] upon the oil-cup K or other substructure. This ring Eflis about the same diameter as the base of the outside globe; and within it we locate a second-firing, 15, about the size or diameter of the inner globe. Narrow ledges or other equivalentprojections, g, serve to elevate the bottom of 1'ingF,as well as that of a third ring, H, above the bottom of the chamber formed by the outside Wall, E,

' and the top of the oil-cup, allowing free passage for air beneath F and H. The cone D fits the mouth of ring ii, and the wick depends within the inside tube, L. The wick-raiser shaft S projects through suitable notches in the tops of the rings or tubestoward the exteriorof the base, where it is convenient of access, and so that it, with the burner, may be removed when the. globes are turned back upon their hinged base.

When the several tubes are arranged in accordance with the above description the currents of air which descend between the two globes enter the channel between E and F, pass under 1*, and thence up through the fomminated plate I to the flame-chamber exterior to the burner-cone; and a proper proportion of the volume of this air also passes under H, and thence up to a point beneath the cone, so that the requisite supply of air for the support of the flame is admitted upon both sides of the cone.

Fromthis arrangement it will be observed that all the air which supports the flame must first enter at the top of globe or chimney A, and then pass down between the two chimneys, the advantage of which is that the flame is fed by heated air upon both sides of the cone, in consequence of which the currents heretofore produced by admission of air of different temperatures and different densities are obviated, and the flame therefore rendered more steady and uniform.

Itis obviously more advantageous to supply fresh air for the supportof the flame than air from which the oxygen hasbeen partially consumed, as is done in the majority of heredeflector-plate O, leaving a passage for air between it and tube M,-and guard this passage by the deflector N, which is attached to the tube M. Suitable straps are attached to plate'O for the purpose of holding the top of chimney A in properposit-ion.

The guards N O prevent too sudden admission of air to the channel which they protect; and the tube M is, of course, provided witha suitable top, T.

To this particular-construction of the domesection of the lantern we make no claim herein.

The operation of the improved device to prevent 'flickeringor .extinguishment of the flame is substantially as follows: Violent swingingof the lantern or sudden gusts of wind operate'to force air within the flamechamber either downwardly or upwardly. Any downward current within the flame-chamher is, of course, followed by a corresponding current between the two globes. These two meeting at the region of the plate I and the burner-cone, and theoutside current having been changed in its direction from downward to upward through the intervention of tubes F and H, they are opposed to each other, and, being of about the same force, they operate to nation of the incoming air-currents.

.render each other of no effect upon the flame,

or to counterbalance or counteract each other.

In like manner, any upward tendency of air in the flame-chan1beris followed by a similar tendency of airin the channel between the globes. From the region of the flame these two are opposed to each other by reason of the described arrangement of tubes or passages, and their joint effect can only produce a slight rarefacation of'the air, and this without thc W production of any materially disadvantageous current. In this manner and for these reasons the flame is maintained at a steady and uniform state under all circun'lstanccs of ordinary handling and use of the lantern. The flamechambcr being slightly elongated beyond the mouth of globe A, when the burner is lighted the draft will be upward, fresh air being supplied in a quiet and uniform current through the, proper air-channels.

A secondary foraminated plate may be v placed within the chamber between tubes E and F, as at I in Fig. 3, and this will serve to aid in the proper distribution or dissemi- This plate may conye'niently be supported upon the ledges g, orel'sewhere, as desired. Its use 1s, however, in. no way essential to the successful operationof the improved lantern.

For convenience in removing the globes, the dome is hinged at some convenient point, so that it may be thrown back, as has heretofore been done in this class of lanterns.

' The ring 0, supporting plate I and the two globes, is hinged, as at I, so that the pair may be conveniently thrown back, as indicated in Fig. 3, thus exposing the burner free of all obstruction for lighting and trimming or cleaning. In previous forms of double-globe lanterns it has not been regarded as practicable to hinge the globe-supporting plate, for the reason that the air-tubes would thus have to be broken, and the fitting or registration of the corresponding parts would be diilicultnnd expensive to accomplish.

In the construction shown herein, since all the auxiliary air-channels are formed of concentric cylindrical tubes, the parts required to fit thereon or thereover may be easily adjusted, and are capable of being very cheaply made.

The lantern would, of course, operate, if the cylinder or tube E were perforated, so as to admit air directly therethrou'gh; but such perforations would destroy the eifect of the arrangement whereby the air supplied is rendered of uniform temperature.

When constructed in accordance with the foregoing description, the lantern is found by practical tests to admirably fulfill the various purposes and objects of the invention, as previously stated, and to accomplish the offices of an illuminating apparatus in a manner superior to the more expensive styles of lanterns.

Having thus fully described our invention, we desire to add that we are fully aware of numerous forms of double-globe illuminating devices wherein air is snpplied to the flame from the channel between the globes, to all of which, however, some one or all of the objections previously alluded to are applicable. \Ve do not therefore wish to be understood as laying any broad claim to a double-globe lan tern; but

What'we do claim as new, and desire to secnre by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a double-globe lantern, the combine than, with the exterior globe and the base, of a ring or cylinder located between the two, and adapted to oireot all the air from the space between the globes to the flame-chamber, and to exclude air not passing through said space, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a lantern wherein the currents within the flame-chamber are counterbalanced, substantiailyas explained, the combination of the three concentric rings or tubes, the double globe, and the burner-cone, the several parts being arranged as set forth, and adapted to convey heated air to the flame-chamber outside of the cone and to apoint beneath the cone, for the purposes and objects mentioned.

5. The combination, with the exterior ring or tube, of the two interior tubes having airpassages beneath them, substantially as shown and described. I r

4. In a double-globe lantern, the exterior imperforate ring E, serving as a support for the hinged upper section of the lantern, fo ming an air-conduit, and adapted to exclude cold air from the flame-chamber, as and for the pun poses set forth.

5. In a doubleglobe lantern wherein air from the space between the two globes is conducted through a series of channels formed in the basesection of the lantern, the combinetionof the exterior imperforate ring E and the ring C, hinged thereto and supporting the two globes, said ring 0 being located substantially as explained, so as to cause the. two globes to swing over their corresponding annular air-channels, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing we hate hereunto set our hands in the presence of two witnesses.

3N0. MORGAN. THOS, WALTON. Witnesses:

WORTH Oseoon, W. N. WOOD.

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