US2078483A - Pump construction - Google Patents

Description

April 27, 1937. wEAL ET AL 2,078,483

I PUMP CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 19, 1934 Patented Apr. 27, 1937 UNITED STATES PUMP CONSTRUCTION Andre de Weal, Franz Anderson, Chicago,

K. Krag, and Charles A. 111.; said Krag and said Anderson assignors to said do Weal Application January 19, 1934, Serial No. 707,330 2 Claims. (01. 221-109 This invention relates to a new and improved pump construction, and more particularly tosuch a construction adapted for use in atomizers, sprayers, and the like.

In the design and manufacture of pumps for such purposes it is essential to provide a device which is simple and effective in operation, and which may be locked or closed so as to prevent accidental losses of fluid or losses by evaporation. Pumps and sprayers or atomizers of this character are generally used in connection with somewhat volatile liquids such as perfumes, lacquers, insecticides, glass cleaning solutions or other like materials. With such fluids the pump and closures must be designed with closely fitting parts, and with parts not subject to corrosion by the material being handled.

Devices of this character also must be low in manufacturing cost, as in many cases the liquids are sold in containers with the sprayer attached, and the sprayer is used merely to spray the contents of the container and then thrown away with the container. In many cases it is desirable to ship the container with the pump and sprayer in place in the container, both tosave shipping space and to avoid the cost of an extra closure member. In such cases it ishighly important to provide locking means to prevent operation of the sprayer by the handling of the package in transport, when, for example, the package is handled upside down. This is important to prevent leakage and loss of the fluid, and also to prevent discoloring of the carton or container in such manner as to render it unsightly and hence not readily salable. For these reasons it is also important to prevent any seepage of the material due to loose fitting parts of the device. 1

The locking means should be simple in design to reduce cost, and also easy of operation to insure it being used. The locking device should be readily locked and unlocked by the user of the pump or sprayer so that it will normally be looked after use. This will prevent losses due to evaporation, and also in case the receptacle is accidentally knocked over.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved pump and sprayer or atomizer construction.

It is a further object to provide a construction of this character in which means are provided for locking the pump in fixed position.

It is also an object to provide a construction in which, when locked in fixed position. means are provided for preventing leakage through or around the pump parts.

It is an additional object to provide a pumpconstruction composed of but few and simple parts, and adapted for commercial production.

Other and further objects will appear as the description proceeds.

We have shown certain preferred embodiments of our invention in the accompanying drawing in Which- Figure 1 is a vertical section showing one form o pump;

Figure 2 is a vertical section showing a modified form of pump;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the construction shown in Figure 2; v

Figure 4 is a vertical section of an additional modified form of pump;

Figure 5 is a section taken on line ll-ll of Figure 4;

. Figure 6 is a fragmentary section taken on line l2-l2 of Figure 5; and

Figure 7 is a fragmentary plan view on a reduced scale of the valve member of Figure 4.

Referring first to the form of construction shown in Figure 1, the receptacle H is provided with a closure member 12, which closure member has a central opening through which passes the hollow piston rod 13, this rod having the angularly extending upper portion 14. This portion 14 carries the nozzle 15 with discharge opening 16, and atomizing device 11, which in this form is cup shaped... The base member 18 and finger piece 83 are secured to the hollow piston rod 13. The cylinder 19 is located within the receptacle and has its upper edge crimped through the opening in the closure member to secure the cylinder in place, and also to retain in place the guide member 8|. This guide memher is formed with the notch 82 in which the angularly extending portion 14 of the hollow piston rod may be reciprocated. When this portion of the piston rod 13 is in the plane of the section of Figure 1, it reciprocates freely in the notch 82, but this portion locks the pump by engaging the top of the guide member 8i when the finger piece and nozzle are turned about the axis of the piston rod for any appreciable angle.

The hollow plston rod 13 has a lower reduced portion 85 upon which is slidably fitted the piston 86 which has the downwardly depending skirt 8'! closely fitting the inner walls '19. The upper face of the piston 86 carries a packing ring 88 which serves to seal the opening in the upper end of the cylinder when the piston is drawn to its upward limit of movement. The lower end of the hollow piston rod 13 is closed by the member 89 which has the upwardly extending portion 99 spaced from the piston rod. The circular flange 9I is secured on the piston rod at a point between the piston 86 and the member 89.

The lateral opening 92 is formed in the hollow piston rod at a point between the flange 9I and member 89. The lower side of the piston 86 carlies a packing 93 which in the lower position of the piston 86 engages the flange 9| and the upwardly extending flange portion 99 of the member 89 so as to seal the opening 92. The compression spring 94 engages the member 89 and at its opposite end rests on the spider 95, which in turn is carried by the bottom 96 of the cylinder 19.

The intake pipe 91 extends from the bottom 96, and the ball valve 98 which is retained in place by the spider serves to close the intake opening 91 when in its lower position. The upper portion of the cylinder 19 above the piston 86 is provided with the relief opening 99 which is in communication with the interior of the receptacle.

Referring next to the form of construction shown in Figure 2, the closure member supporting the pump construction is shown at I9I. In this form of construction the pump is provided with two directly connected cylinders, and the discharge passage remains fixed in position during the pumping operation. The upper cylinder member I92 has its upper edge crimped over an opening in the closure member at I93, this crimped portion also retaining in place the guide member I94 which is tubular in form with a cover member I94. The upper wall of the cylinder member I92 is provided with the relief opening I95.

The hollow piston rod I96 passes through the opening into the upper cylinder I92. The finger piece I91 is secured to the upper end of the rod I96 by the rivet I98. The guide member top I94 is provided with the arcuate opening I99 through which the outer end of the rivet I98 passes when the finger piece I91 is turned to the position shown in Figure 2 in operating the pump. The outer end of the rivet I98 rests on the top I94 of the guide member when the finger piece I91 is turned to the dotted line position of Figure 2 tolock the pump.

The upper cylinder piston H9 is fixedly secured between the hollow pump rod I99 and the lower pump rod III. The piston H9 carries the packing II 2 upon its upper face, the packing serving to close the opening about the rod I96 when the parts are locked in the upper position. It is necessary to have a moderate amount of play about the rod I95 as it passes through the closure so as to permit entrance of air at this point during the operation of the pump. The pump is double acting, and unless suificient air is permitted to enter at this point a vacuum will build up in the receptacle during the pumping operation.

The lower portion I I3 of the cylinder I92 is enlarged and is secured to an upper enlarged portion I I4 of the lower cylinder II5. These enlarged portions of the cylinders form a connecting valve and discharge chamber II6 for the two cylinders. In this chamber is fitted the valve plate II1 which carries the pin I I8 and the packing member I I 9. The pin II8 extends into the lower end of the discharge tube I29 and thus maintains the valve in proper position. This tube passes through the closure member I9I and is joined to the angularly extending tube I2I which carries the discharge nozzle I 22 with the member I23 therein to assist in the atomization. The spring I 24 has its upper end engaging the lower side of the piston H9 and its lower end resting upon the valve pate H1.

The lower portion of the lower pump rod I I I is reduced in size and carries the piston I25 slidably fitted thereon. The lower end of the rod III is closed by the member I26 which has the upwardly directed circular flange I21. The lower side of the piston I25 carries the packing I28 adapted to engage the flange I21 when the piston is at its lower limit of movement on the rod I I I. The rod I I I is hollow and is provided with the inlet opening I29 located between the member I29 and piston I25. It is provided with the outlet opening I39 at a point above the piston I25. The downwardly extending skirt of the piston I25 may be split as indicated at I3I so that the skirt may engage the inner cylinder walls with sufiicient friction to insure the piston being retarded so that the packing I28 engages the flange I21 promptly during the upstroke of the piston.

The suction pipe I32 leads from the bottom of the lower cylinder H5. The ball valve I33 is held adjacent the upper end of the pipe I 32 by the spider I34 held in place by the spring I35. The upper end of spring I 35 engages the lower side of the member I26.

The form of construction shown in Figure 4 is generally similar to the upper portion of the form shown in Figure 2. The closure member or receptacle wall I49 carries the cylinder I 4| and the discharge passage I42. The pipe I43 connects the passage I 42 to the enlarged lower portion I44 of the cylinder MI. The piston rod I45 is provided with the finger piece I46 held on by rivet I41, the head of which c'oacts with the cam I48 carried by the locking member I49. The lower end of the rod I 45 carries the piston I 59 having the packing I5I on its upper face. The spring I52 engages the under side of the piston I59 and the upper side of the Valve member I55. The valve member carries the locating pin I54 and the packing washer I53. The valve lift rod I56 extends downwardly from the piston rod I45 and carries the enlargement I51 adapted to engage the valve member I53 to lift and close the valve when the piston rod is locked in its upper position. The cylinder I 4| is provided with the relief opening I58 formed in its upper side wall.

The form of construction shown in Figure 1 is locked when the lower edge of the angular portion 14 of the pump rod rests on the upper edge of the guide member 8|. With the parts in this position the packing 88 is urged against the cylinder top and prevents leakage around the piston rod 13. The packing 93 is also urged against both the flanges 99 and 9!. This serves not only to seal the opening 92 against fluid in the pump cylinder, but also against any leakage of air between the piston 86 and the pump rod 85. This seals the lower end of the pump rod against atmospheric relief and prevents loss of fluid either from the cylinder or that contained in the pump rod itself.

To operate the pump, the pump rod portion 14 is turned until it will pass into the notch 82, the base member 18 and finger piece 83 passing down inside the guide member 8| when depressed. Pressure on the finger piece then forces the hollow piston rod 13 and the member 89 downwardly against the resistance of spring 94. As this movement starts, the frictional engagement of the skirt 81 of the piston 86 and the fluid in the cylinder retard movement of the piston so that the packing 93 clears the two flanges 99 and 9|. Any fluid in the cylinder at this time is trapped by the ball valve 98 and is forced through the opening 92 into the hollow piston rod 13 and up and out through the nozzle oriflce 16.

After the down stroke is completed, pressure on the finger piece is released and the piston assembly is raised by the spring 94. Air in the cylinder above the piston passes into the receptacle through the orifice 99. As the piston assembly moves upwardly the piston is retarded until the packing 93 engages the flanges 99 and 9 I, closing the port 92. The upward movement of the piston creates a suction in the cylinder, and fluid is drawn up pipe 91 past valve 98 into the cylinder. These actions of the parts are repeated upon continued reciprocation of the piston assembly, and fluid is discharged upon each down stroke of the piston. After the desired use has been had of the device it may be locked by turning the finger piece until the portion 14 again rests on the member 8|.

The operation of the form of construction shown in Figures 2 and 3 differs from those previously described in that the discharge nozzle remains stationary during the operation of the pump. A further difference lies in the fact that the pump is provided with two cylinders so connected as to discharge alternately so that flow from the nozzle occurs both upon the up and down strokes of the piston rod, and is therefore substantially continuous.

When the pump is locked, the flnger piece I91 is turned to the left as seen in Figure 2, and the head of rivet I98 rests on the top surface I94. The packing I I2 seals the opening about the piston rod I96, which opening is made large enough to permit entrance of air about the piston rod during operation, as otherwise an undesirable partial vacuum might be created in the receptacle due to the double acting pump. The lower piston I25 engages the valve member H1 and closes the valve packing II9 against the opening into tube I29 so as to prevent discharge of fluid. The engagement of the piston I25 with the valve member forces the piston downwardly until the packing I28 engages the flange I21, thus sealing the inlet opening I29.

To operate the pump, the finger piece I91 is turned to the position in which it is shown in full lines in Figure 2. The spring I24 forces down the valve member H1 and opens the discharge valve. As the finger piece is pressed downwardly, the piston I I9 moves downwardly, forcing fluid in the upper cylinder I92 out through the discharge tube I29. The fluid cannot move down into the lower cylinder II5 as the lower piston I25 goes down, as fluid is passing through that piston. As the lower piston moves downwardly, fluid below the piston is trapped by valve I33 and passes through orifice I29 into the hollow pump rod III and then out through the opening I39 above the piston. Thus the fluid displaced by the upper piston must pass out the discharge tube.

When the downward stroke is completed, the finger piece is released and the springs I24 and I35 force the piston assembly upwardly. Air trapped above the upper piston passes out through opening I into the receptacle. As the upward movement starts, the piston I25 is retarded by its frictional contact with the cylinder walls and the packing I28 engages flange I21, thus preventing the liquid above the piston from passing downwardly through the piston. Liquid above the piston is thus forced upwardly. Part of its enters the upper cylinder I92, but as that cylinder has only half the capacity of the lower cylinder, half of the fluid is forced out through the discharge tube I29.

The form of construction shown in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 is operated in a manner similar to the construction of Figures 2 and 3, with the exception that it has a single cylinder and consequently is single acting and discharges only on the downward stroke of the single piston. The sealing devices are the same as far as the top of the cylinder is concerned. When the pump is locked with rivet head on the cam I48 the enlargement I51 on the valve lift rod I56 engages the valve member I55 and forces the packing I53 against the lower end of the discharge tube, sealing that tube. It will be understood that the lower end of the suction tube in Figure 4 will be provided with any usual type of check valve.

An important feature of the cup 11 of Figure 1 or the member I23 of Figure 2 lies in the fact that these elements have a double function. They are loosely fitted in the nozzle and are primarily designed to aid in the formation of a proper spray from the nozzle. They will also, however, function as check valves seating against the end of the tubular piston rod on the upstroke of the piston to prevent entrance of air through the nozzle, and thus make for greater efliciency in the suction stroke.

While we have shown and described certain preferred forms of our invention, these are to be understood to be illustrative only, as it is capable of further modification to meet varying conditions and requirements, and we contemplate such changes and variations as come within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a pump construction, a closure member having an opening therein, a pump rod extending through the opening, a cylinder secured to the closure member below the opening, a piston on the pump rod in the cylinder, a packing on the upper face of the piston adapted to seal the opening in the closure member with the piston in its upper position, and means for locking the piston in its upper position.

2. In a pump construction, a closure member having an opening therein, a hollow pump rod having an operating portion extending through the opening, a closure for the lower end of the pump rod, the pump rod having a lateral intake opening formed in its lower portion and a discharge opening formed in its upper portion, a cylinder located below the closure member, a floating piston on the pump rod in the cylinder, said piston serving as a valve to open and close the intake opening on the pump rod, a packing carried by the upper face of the floating piston, and means to lock the pump rod at its upper limit of movement with the packing engaging the under side of the closure member and thus sealing the opening in said member about the pump rod.

ANDRE DE WEAL. FRANZ K. KRAG. CHARLES A. ANDERSON.

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