US2055361A - Grinding machine - Google Patents

Description

'5 Sheejs-Sheet l IN V EN TOR.

ATTORNEY.

E. c. OLIVER GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1934 Edd 6'. 0/0 62.

Sept. 22, 1936.

Sep t. 22 1936. gR 2,055,361

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1934 Y S Sheets-Sheet 2 v INVENTOR. Edd C. Old e2".

ATTORNEY.

p 22, 1936- E. C..OL|VER 2,055,361

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. 44 a. 010 6).

A TTORNE Y.

se 22, 1936. EQ c. OLIVER GRINDING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 15, 1934 INVENTOR.

Edd C Ola 62" M Z A'KQ ATTORNEY.

Sept. 22, 1936. c, QLWER 2,055,361

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 I N l 'ENTOR. Edd c: 01m? in I ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 22, 1936.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GRINDING MACHINE Edd 0. Oliver, Adrian, Mich. Application February 15, 1934, Serial No. 711,295

16 Claims.

This invention relates to grinding machines, and the object of the invention is to provide a grinding machine arranged for grinding horizontal and angular or formed faces and provided with a longitudinally movable ram on which the grinding head is carried.

Another object of the invention is to provide a grinding machine in which the movement of the ram is in accordance with a shaped or horizontal cam member which accurately controls the movement and position of the grinding wheel.

A further object of the invention is to provide a grinding machine in which the grinding wheel is dressed accurately after each grinding operation so that the surface form of the article being ground will be accurately maintained.

A further object of the invention is to provide a grinding machine having a longitudinally movable ram mounted in a pivoted head, the movement of the head on its pivot being controlled by cam members between the ram and the machine base.

Another object of the invention is to provide a grinding machine in which the work may be adjusted in position and in which the grinding wheel may be moved in accordance with the cam to accurately grind the surfaces of the work.

A further object of the invention is to provide a grinding machine in which the movement of the ram and grinding wheel is controlledin accordance with a. predetermined pattern which accurately controls the movement of the grinding wheel over the dressing tool and work being ground.

These objects and the several novel features of pivoted head taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the grinding machine.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the drive for the grinding machine.

Fig. 6 is an elevation thereof.

Fig. '7 is a section taken on line |'l of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a section through an alternative form of pivoted head and ram equipped with a disc type grinding wheel.

Fig. 9-is a plan viewof the automatic feed for the grinding wheel shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view showing the grinding wheel grinding'an angular surface.

Fig. 11 is a similar view showing the grinding wheel in position to change the angle of grinding. 5

Fig. 12 is a similar view showing the grinding wheel grinding at another angle.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged section taken on line l3.l3 of Fig. 2.

The machine comprises a base I, as shown in 10 Figs. 1 and 2, on which an electric motor 2 is mounted, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. This electric motor is connected to drive the shaft 3, shown in Fig. 5. Mounted on the shaft 3 is a worm 4 meshing with a worm gear 5 on the shaft 6. 15 Also secured to the shaft 6 is a gear I which meshes with a larger gear 8. This gear 8 is shown more particularly in Fig. 7 and is provided with a hub portion 9 which is rotatably mounted on the A hub portion ID of a member II. This member ll is secured to the main drive shaft l2 by keys l3 and a pin M, as shown in Fig. 7. The gear 8 is provided with a recess I5, as shown in Fig. 7 and the member II is provided with a spring pressed pin I6 arranged to engage in the recess l5 when released. This pin I6 is normally held out of engagement with the recess l5 by means of a wedge block I! shown in Figs. 5, 6 and '7, which engages in a notch provided in the pin. The member H is provided with an annular groove l8 which is coextensive with the notch in the pin l6 when the pin is in the position shown in Fig. '7. This wedge blockll is secured to an arm [9 which is mounted on a pivot shaft 20, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and an arm 2| is also secured to the shaft 5 20 and engages a cam 22 which is secured to the shaft 23. This shaft 23 extends through the end of the machine base and is provided with an arm 24 which may be moved to the stop or start positions shown on the base in Fig. 2. 40

When the electric motor is started, the shaft 3 and worm 4 are driven to drive the worm gear 5, and gear 1 which drives the gear 8. With the parts in the position shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the gear 8 will rotate on the hub ID of the member l l and the machine will not be driven. By turning the lever 24 to the start position shown in Fig. 2, the end of the cam 22 depresses the arm 2| and raises the arm [9 against the tension of the spring 25 thus raising the wedge block I1 p keys I3, the shaft I2 is then rotated which, as shown in Fig. 1, drives the gears 26 and 21. The wedge block I! is wedge shaped in plan view, as will be understood from Fig. 5. To stop the machine, the arm 24, shown in Fig. 2, may be ,moved to the stop position thus turning the cam 22 to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 6 and this movement allows the arm I9 to move downwardly by the tension of the spring 25 thus moving the bottom of the wedge block into the groove I8 in the member II. As the member II is rotating, it will bring the pin I6 into engagement with the narrow end of the wedge block I1 and the angular face of the wedge block engaging in the notch of the pin I6 will withdraw the pin from the recess I5 allowing the member I I to stop and the gear 8 to continue rotating in the idling position.

The gear 21, shown in Fig. 1 through a universal joint, drives the shaft 28 which is keyed within a tubular shaft 29 so that the tubular shaft may move up or down on the shaft 28 without disengaging the keys from the key-way. The tubular shaft 29 through another universal joint drives the shaft 38 which is provided with an eccentric plate 3I at its upper end having an eccentric pin 32. This pin engages in a bushing provided in a bracket 33 which is secured to the ram 34. The ram 34 is substantially square or rectangular in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 3 and is slidably supported in bushings provided therefor in a pivoted head 35. This head 35 is pivotally supported at 36 on a member 31 and this member 31 may be adjusted longitudinally by means of the screw I8. The ram is provided with an electric motor I1 mounted on one end thereof and a grinding head 38 is mounted on the opposite end of the ram. This grinding head 38 is provided with a rotatable shaft 39 and the grinding wheel 40 is secured to the lower end of the shaft. The upper end of the shaft 39 is equipped with a pulley 4i and the motor is equipped with a pulley 42 while a belt 43 extends between the pulleys. This belt 43 is provided with a belt tightener 44 to take up the slack in the belt. The grinding head 38 is adjustable vertically by means of a crank operated screw 45 and the head may be adjusted in angular position by turning the circular plate 46 and securing it in position by the screws 41 shown in Fig. 2. The motor 17, shown in Fig. 1, may be also adjusted in a like manner.

Secured to the ram 34 is a contact member 48 which rides in contact with a cam member 49 which is shaped to control the longitudinal movement of the ram. As the head 35 is mounted on the pivot 36. the only other contact with the base is between the contact member 48 and the cam member 49 so that with a horizontal faced cam member 49 a horizontal movement of the ram is produced. However, this cam member 49 may be provided with a formed face so that the member 48 may move in accordance with a predetermined pattern by replacing the cam member 49 with a shaped cam member. In the form of the device shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4, the machine is set up for horizontal operation and a dressing diamond 50 is supported in an arm 5| which is attached to the member 31 and is therefore stationary in relation to the member 31. Bellows 52 and 53 are provided at opposite ends of the head 35 and are attached to the movable ram to keep dust and dirt out of the ram bushings.

This machine may be utilized for grinding different faces and to illustrate one use, I have shown a cutter 54 mounted on the upper end of a spindle 55 and having horizontal faces 56 to be ground. The spindle housing 51 is secured to a horizontally adjustable plate 58 which is adjustable in the ways 59, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and the guides 59 form part of a plate 60 which is adjustable in the arcuate guides 6I shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4. The supporting plate 62 for this portion of the machine is adjustable longitudinally of a guide 63 and the guide member 63 is supported on a cylinder 64 which may be adjusted vertically by means of the screw 65 and the handwheel 66.

This construction is shown more particularly in Fig. 13 in whch the shaft 65 is secured to the guide member 63 by a pin I08. The cylinder 64 is guided in the member I09 by a key H6. A nut II I is threaded onto the shaft 65 and is provided with a bevel gear face H2 at the lower end and this meshes with the bevel gear H3 on the shaft of the hand wheel 66 as shown in Fig.

2. A collar H5 is threaded onto the upper end of the nut I II and is held in place by a set screw as shown in Fig. 13. This collar II5 rides on a thrust bearing H6 so that the nut III is rotatable within the thrust bearing. By this arrangement the hand wheel 66 will turn the gear II3 to rotate the gear H2 and nut III to raise or lower the shaft 65 and thus raise or lower the cylinder 64 to raise or lower the cutting tool 54 mounted thereabove in relation to the plane of the dressing tool 58. This provides a means for feeding the cutting tool toward the grinding wheel.

As shown more particularly in Figs. 2 and 4, a bracket 61 is secured to the plate 68 and a pivoted arm 68 is pivoted at 69 on this bracket while a coiled spring 16 is provided for urging the arm 68 to the position shown. This arm 68 is provided with a notch in the end, as shown in Fig. 4, engaging against one of the cutter blades but lying slightly beneath the surface to be ground. The rotation of the grinding wheel 48 in Fig. 4 is in a clockwise direction so that as this grinding wheel is moved over the cutter blade II the blade is held in engagement in the notch in the end of the arm 68.

The operation of the device will be understood more easily from Fig. 1. In this position the ram is ready to move toward the left of Fig. 1 over the horizontal face of the cutter blade 1|. As the ram is moved to the left of Fig. 1, the edge of the cutting wheel 46 moves horizontally over the dressing diamond 56. The movement of the grinding wheel to the left is controlled by the contact member 48 riding on the cam 49 and as this cam has a horizontal contact surface the movement of the edge of the grinding wheel will be horizontal as it moves over the blade of the cutter. The machine is so designed that the ram "makes about fifteen strokes per minute and upon each stroke the grinding wheel moves over the face of the cutter blade and then back over the dressing diamond so that the face of the grinding wheel is dressed upon each stroke of the ram and between the grinding operations on the cutter.

The grinding wheel may be fed downwardly by the manually operated screw 45 but the point of the dressing diamond will dress the grinding wheel at all times to the horizontal plane of the diamond point. By this arrangement it is only necessary to set the cutter so that the horizontal faces of the cutting blades are in this plane or slightly above depending on the metal to be removed and the clearances to be allowed and the device will then accurately grind the cutter blades.

Referring to Fig. 4, it must be noted that after the cutter blade II has been ground the cutter may be grasped in the hand and manually indexed by clockwise rotation to bring the cutter blade 12 into the notch in the end of the arm 68. In this clockwise movement of the cutter, the blade 12 will turn the end of the arm 68 outwardly in the pivot 69 against the tension of the spring 18 until the blade I2 snaps into the notch in the end of the arm 68, at which time, the cutter blade I! is ready to be ground. By means of the guides 58 and 59 and 68 and 6|, the cutter may be adjusted in position to grind angular faces by bringing the angular faces of the cutter blades to the horizontal plane of the point of the dressing diamond and by adjusting the head 38 and motor 81 about the axis of the ram 34, other angles may be ground.

A slightly different embodiment of the same invention is shown in Fig. 8 in which a disc type grinding wheel is utilized rotating on a horizontal axis. In this form of the device, the ram is driven in the same manner as shown in Fig. l and with practically the same parts but the motor TI is mounted to drive a spindle 19 through two universal joints 88 and BI and a drive shaft 82. In this instance, the drive shaft extends through the center of the ram and the spindle I9 is provided with a disc type grinding wheel 83 mounted on the end thereof within a housing part 84. In this I form of the device, the diamond 85 is-stationarily mounted as before and the wheel is adjustable vertically by rotation of the screw shaft 88. The particular arrangement of parts shown in Fig. 8 is set up to grind angular cutter faces in which the angles are determined by means of a cam 81 on which the contact point 48 rides. With the contact member 48 in the position shown in Fig. 8, the ram is ready for movement to the left of said figure. As the ram moves to the left, the contact member 48 rides up the inclined face 88 of the cam 81 which moves the ram upwardly on a similar slope which movement is allowed by the pivot 36 of the'head 35. The cam 81 is so designed that as the grinding wheel 83 moves over the diamond 85 the contact member 48 is riding on the sloping face 88 and the point of the contact member reaches the high point of'this portion of the cam at the time the center of the grinding wheel 83 is directly over the point of the diamond 85. From this position the contact member 48 rides down the sloping face 89 of the cam until the grinding wheel moves off from the diamond as the member 48 approaches the low point of the face 89. At this time the contact member 48 begins to move up the face 98 of the cam, as will be understood more particularly from Fig. 10.

During the upward movement of the grinding wheel, it grinds the face 9| of the cutter and it will be noted that the cutter contact is with one side of the grinding wheel. -As the contact member 48 reaches the upper end of the sloping face 98 of the cam, as shown in Fig. 11, the grinding wheel is at the upper end of the face 9| of the cutter and in Fig. 11 both the contact member 48 and grinding wheel 83 are ready for a subsequent downward sloping movement and the grinding contact is between the center of the grinding wheel and the cutter blade. This subsequent downward movement is shown more particularly in Fig. 12 in which the contact member 48 in riding down the sloping face 92 of the cam while the grinding wheel 83 is grinding the sloping face 93 of the cutter. In this connection it will be noted that the contact between the grinding wheel 88 and the ground face 93, shown in Fig. 12, is at the opposite side of the grinding wheel from the contact in Fig. 10. Upon reverse movement, all of the reverse grinding positions are assumed by the grinding wheel and as the grinding wheel is moved back over the dressing diamond on the reverse movement of the ram, the edge of the grinding wheel is again dressed. As the grinding wheel moves back to dressing position, it may be turned down by means of the crank 94, shown in Fig. 8. or automatic means may be provided to feed the grinding wheel downwardly in order to take care of wear.

' For automatic feeding, the upper portion 96 of the screw shaft 86 may be clamped and held from rotation by means of a screw or bolt 96 which may be tightened to grip the shaft portion 95. A nut 91 is provided on the screw shaft 86 and this nut at the lower edge is provided with a worm gear portion 98 which meshes with a worm 99 shown in Fig. 9. This worm 99 is secured to a shaft I88 which is rotatably mounted in a bracket I8I and a ratchet I82 is secured to the opposite end of this shaft, as shown in Fig. 9. A bracket I83, shown in Figs. 8 and 9, is secured to the head 35 on the machine and a pawl I84 is pivotally mounted in this bracket. An adjusting screw I85 is threaded into a portion of the bracket I83 and engages against the depending end I86 of the pawl. In the movement of the ram to the left of Fig. 8 the ratchet I82 is moved away from the pawl and upon return movement of the ram the ratchet is moved into engagement with the end of the pawl so that the pawl will index the ratchet one or more teeth as desired. The adjusting screw I85 may be adjusted to allow the ratchet to engage any desired number of teeth and advance the ratchet that number of teeth. By adjusting the screw I85 away from the lower end I86 of the pawl, the pawl may be utilized to advance the ratchet a greater number of teeth and by turning the screw I 85 into engagement with the end I86 of the pawl, the upper end of the pawl may be raised to cause the pawl to engage a fewer number of teeth.

By this pawl and ratchet arrangement, upon each'movement of the ram the shaft I88 will be turned to a slight extent and by means of the worm 98, will turn the nut 91 to a small extent on the screw shaft 86 to gradually advance the grinding wheel 83 downwardly. By means of the screw I85, the wear of the grinding wheel may be compensated forso that the grinding wheel will be properly dressed at all times. The cam 87 provides a predetermined pattern for controlling movement of the grinding wheel and this cam may be adjusted in position by raising or lowering one end by means of the adjusting screw I81.

From the foregoing description it becomes evidesire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is- I 1. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted on the base and having a horizontal face, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, acontact member carried by the ram and riding on the horizontal face of the cam, the contact member forming a support for the head at a distance from its pivot, means for reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted on the base, the member to be ground being mounted on the base, the member to be ground and the grinding wheel each being independently adjustable toward or from the fixeddressing tool point, the arrangement being such that during reciprocation of the ram the grinding wheel is moved over the surface to be ground and over the dressing tool and automatically operated means for feeding the grinding wheel toward the dressing tool. 2; In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted in the base and having a horizontal face, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, a contact member carried by the ram and riding on the horizontal face of the cam, the contact member forming a support for the head at a distance from its pivot, means'for reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarlly mounted on the base, the member to be ground being mounted on the base, the member to be ground and the grinding wheel each being independently adjustable toward or from the fixed dressing tool point, the arrangement being such that during reciprocation of the ram the grinding wheel is moved over the surface to be ground and over the dressing tool.

3. In a grinding machine, a'base, the member having faces to be ground being'mounted on the base, a cam member shaped to correspond to the faces to be ground and mounted on the base, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram slid able longitudinally in the head, a contact member carried by the ram and riding in engagement with the cam member on the base and forming a support for the head at a distance from its pivot, 'means for reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted on the base, the arrangement being such that the grinding wheel is moved through a predetermined contour in accordance with the shape of the cam across the dressing tool and faces to be ground upon each longitudinal movement of the ram and manually adjustable means for automatically feeding the grinding wheel toward the dressing tool.

4. In a grinding machine, a base, the member having faces to be ground being mounted on the base, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, a contact member carried by the ram, a cam member on which the contact member is adapted to ride, the cam member being shaped to produce a predetermined movement of the grinding wheel upon each longitudinal movement of the ram, means for reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted on the base, the arrangement being suchthat the grinding wheel is moved across the dressing tool and faces to be ground in accordance with the ried by the ram and riding in engagement with the cam member on the base andforming a support for the head at a distance from its pivot, means for reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted on the base, the grinding wheel being moved over the dressing tool upon each complete reciprocation of the ram and means operated by reciprocation of the ram for feeding the grinding wheel toward the dressing tool.

6. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted on the base, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram slidable lonotally mounted on the base, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, a contact member carried by the ram, a cam member mounted on the base, the contact member riding in contact with the face of the cam member and the cam member forming a support for the pivoted head, a grinding wheel carried by the ram member, a dressing tool fixedly mounted on the base and the grinding wheel being moved across the dressing tool upon each longitudinal movement of the ram.

8. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted on the base, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram movable longitudinally in the head, a contact member carried by the ram and riding in engagement with the cam member on the base and forming a support for the head at a distance from its pivot;

a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel, means for'reciprocating the ram and means for dressing the grinding wheel upon each reciprocation of the ram.

9. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted on the base, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, a contact member carried by the ram and riding in engagement with the cam member on the base, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel and means for dressing the grinding wheel upon each longitudinal movement of the ram.

10. In a grinding machine, a base having a head, a ram reciprocably supported thereon, a dressing tool mounted in fixed position on the base, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, said ram in its reciprocation moving the wheel across the work and across the dressing tool when out of engagement with the work, and means for varying the path of the grinding wheel to form the surface being ground to correspond to a predetermined pattern and to vary the position of the grinding wheel as it passes the dressing tion on the base, a grinding wheel carried by the termined contour during each longitudinal movement thereof.

13. In a grinding machine, a base having a head, a longitudinally movable ram mounted in the head, the member to be ground being mounted on the base, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, a dressing tool for the grinding wheel and means for moving the grinding wheel over the dressing tool and member to be ground in accordance with a predetermined pattern upon each longitudinal movement of the ram.

14. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted on the'base and having a horizontal face, a headpivotally mounted on the base, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, a contact member carried by the ram and riding on the horizontal face of the cam, the contact member forming a support for the head at a distance from its pivot, means for reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted on the base,

.the member to be ground being mounted on the base, the surface to be ground and the point of the dressing tool being positioned in the same plane, the arrangement being such that during reciprocation of the ram the grinding wheel is moved over the surface to be ground and over the dressing tool, automatically operated means for feeding the grinding wheel toward the plane of the dressing tool, and means for feeding the member to be ground toward the plane of the dressing tool.

15. In a grinding machine, a base, a cam member stationarily mounted in the base and having 7 a horizontal face, a head pivotally mounted on the base, a ram slidable longitudinally in the head, acontact member carried by the ram and riding on the horizontal face of the cam, the contact member forming a support for the head at a distance from its pivot, means for reciproeating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted on the base, the member to be ground being mounted on the base, means for adjusting the member to be ground vertically, the surface to be ground and the point of the dressing tool being positioned in the same plane, the arrangement being such that during reciprocation of the ram the grinding wheel is moved over the surface to be ground and over the dressing tool.

16. In agrinding machine, a base, the member having faces to be ground being mounted on the, base, a head pivota lly mounted on the base, a ram slidable longitudinally in thehead, a contact member carried by the ram, a cam member on which the contact member is adapted to ride,

the cam member being shaped to produce a predetermined movement of the grinding wheel upon each longitudinal movement of the ram, means for reciprocating the ram, a grinding wheel carried by the ram, means for driving the grinding wheel, a dressing tool stationarily mounted on the base, the arrangement being such that the grinding wheel is moved across the dressing tool and faces to be ground in accordance with the shape of the cam upon each longitudinal movement of the ram, means for feeding the grinding wheel toward the dressing tool, and means for feeding the member to be ground toward the dressing tool.

EDD C. OLIVER.

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