US1974702A - Hydrocarbon burner - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 25,1934. H. BLACK 1,974,702

HYDROGARBON BURNER Filed Nov. 28, 1932 Patented Sept. 25, 1934 UNITED STATES VPATENTVOFFICE HYDROCARBON BURNER V Herman Black, Cleveland, Ohio Application November 28,1932, Serial No. 644,624

6 Claims. (Cl. 15892) My invention relates to hydro-carbon burners, and while it may be utilized for any suitable purpose, it is especially designed for use in connection with garage and other heating stoves The principal object of the invention is taprovide for complete conversion of the oil into gas and eilicient combustion of the latter.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the burner and combustion chamber that j the natural draft or flow of air therethrough will be greatly accelerated.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pilot burner and main burner so associated that the overflow of oil from the pilot will fall it upon the main burner. A further object ofthe invention is to provide efficient means for cooling the pilot burner, and the oil feed pipe adjacentits connection with the pilot and main burners. r

In the accompanying drawing: Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view 1 a stove embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view through the pilot and main burner and associated parts;

through ure 2; p r

Figure 4 is a detail viewof sleeve for control ling the volume of air passing around the feed pipe and through and around the pilot burner; Figure 5 is a side view of the pawl and ratchet mechanism for operating the sleeve.

Referring more particularly to the drawingl denotes the'combustion or furnace chamber of a heating stove or the like. This chamber is enclosed by a preferably cylindrical cast metal casing 2, open at its ends and suitably supported above and within the confines of a drip pan 3; The walls of casing 2 convergetoward a common point approximately midway the length of the casing, forming oppositely flaring communicating upper and lower portions or chambers4 and 5 respectively.

A substantially dome shaped, preferably cast metal burner 6, is suitably mounted Within the upper half 4 of the combustion chamber 1, by

means of brackets 7, the base of the burner being on a horizontal plane with and slightlysp'aced Figure 3 is a section on theline 33 of Fig trally disposed opening 12 formed in a cone shaped pilot burner 13, the top of the pipe being flush with thetop of, the pilot burner.

In order to protect the upper end of pipe 10 from the deteriorating effects of heat and flame and also keep the pilot burner at the desired temperatural provide meansfor the free circulation of air around both of these parts; Thus the pilot burner is formed with an apertured skirt 31 which is adjustably screwed into the large threaded opening 11 in the top of the main burner. A sleeve 15 rotatably mounted within the skirt 31 is formed with large air outlet openingslfi in its upper end adapted to register with corresponding air outlet openings 17 in the skirt 31 when the sleeve is in its normal position. It will also be noted'that sleeve 15 is spaced from pipe 10 a considerable distance and is flared at its lower end andiormed with airiinlet openings 14, thus providing for the free circulation of relatively cool air through the ample air space 18 before escaping through the. outlet openings 16 and 17.

Oil issuing from the outlet end of pipe 10, flows uponthe top of the pilot burner and if sufiicient 30 oil is being fed the oil overflows the annular oil retaining flange 19, anddripsdown upon the main burner 6 and from there down into drip pan 3, and thence out through overflow 20. Newspapers or other combustible material pre- 35 viously' inserted through opening 21 in the bottom of casing 2, become saturated with the dripping oil, and when lighted, soon heat the main burner to such 'adegree that the oil thereon will vaporize and burn freely. outwardly and downwardly inclined air openings 22' and 42 respectively formed through the walls of the main burner and pilot burner insuresian ample supply of air to these burners. :When the main burner becomes thoroughly heated and the oil thereon vaporizes and is ignited, the oil will cease to drip therefrom to the bottom of casing 2, but of course there must be a constant overflow of oil from the pilot to the main burner. The relative height of the pilot burner with respect to the main burner and theinclination of the air openings 22 in main burner 6 is such that the oil dripping from the pilot will not run into the said air openings.

It is essential that the pilot burner be main- 0 tained at the right temperature, because if too hot the oil which has accumulated on the pilot will vaporize and much of it be dissipated by being thrown off therefrom instead of dripping down upon the main burner. Furthermore ex- 1 cessive heating of the pilot burner 13 and feed pipe 10 would cause the fuel oil to crack and deposit objectionable carbon. On the other hand if the pilot burner becomes too cool it will not satisfactorily function as a pilot burner due to the fact that much of the oil will drip down upon the main burner whereas it is desirable that all of the oil issuing from pipe 10 be consumed by the pilot burner when the oil has been appropriately cut down and the pilot is functioning as such. In order that air openings 16 and 1'7 may be moved into and out of register relatively to each other, to increase or decrease the amount of air flow therethrough, as may be desired, sleeve 15 is formed at its lower end with gear teeth 23, engaged by a gear 24 on the end of the shaft 25 extending through the wall of casing 22. A crank 26 fixed to the end of shaft 25 provides means for manually rotating the. shaft and causing the sleeve 15 to rotate within the skirt 11 thus opening or closing the openings 16. and 17 according to which way the crank is. rotated. A ratchet and gear mechanism 28 locks the sleeve in any desired. adjusted position.

Due to the suction or Venturi action of the double cone shaped casing, the normal draft or flow or air therethrough is greatly accelerated when passing between the base of the burner 6 and the restricted area. 8,. and also through the air openings 22 in the burner and openings 16, and 17 previously referred to. If the flow of air through the. openings 16 and 17 of the. pilot burner becomes sumciently strong to interfere with the proper vaporization and combustion of the oil it can be regulated by adjustment of sleeve 15. The main burner 6.is preferably positioned. directly adjacent the restricted portion 8 of casing 1, where the air velocity is greatest. The casing 2, is, preferably enclosed by a sheet metal drum 3.4, to form a heating chamber 35. having communication with the outside through cold air inlet. and. air outlet openings, 3.6, and 3'7 respectively. If desirable this drum. be provided with an upper extension 38, having a. flue 39. communicating therewith. adjacent. the top 40.

Having thus described, my invention, what I claim is:

I. A hydro-carbonburner for stoves and the like including a combustion chamber casing having smooth inner Walls throughout its length and converging at a common point, that, portion. of the wall of: said casing, above said. merging point being imperforate and that portion of saidwall.

below said merging point being provided with spaced air openings. therethrough, a main; burner mounted within said: casing adjacent said; merging. point. but spaced slightly therefrom, a pilot.

burner mounted above said main burner, and means for feeding fuel to said pilot. burner and. thence to said main burner.

2. A hydro-carbon burner for stoves and the like including a combustion chamber casing having oppositely flaring upper and lower portions open. atboth ends and a. centrally contracted portion, said. lower portion, having. spaced air open.-

ings therein, a. main burner mounted. in. said;

casing adjacent to and spaced from said contracted portion, a pilot burner mounted above said main burner, means for feeding fuel to said pilot burner and thence to said main burner, a drum encircling said combustion chamber casing and engaging the said upper and lower flaring portions to form a closed air space between said casing and drum, said drum having air openings communicating with the said air openings in said combustion casing.

3. A hydro-carbon burner for stoves and the like comprising a combustion chamber casing open at its ends, a main burner in said casing and a pilot burner in said casing above said main burner, a pipe for feeding fuel to said pilot burner, said pilot burner having an overflow portion from which the fuel is fed to the main burner, said pilot burner having a skirt secured to said main burner, a sleeve movably mounted Within said skirt in spaced relation to said pipe, said sleeve. and skirt having aligned air openings therein, and means for moving said sleeve within said skirt to control the passage of air through said openings.

4. A hydro-carbon burner for stoves and the like comprising a combustion chamber casing open at its ends, said casing including upper and lower oppositely flaring frusto-conical portions and a centrally contracted portion, the inner wall of one of said portions being formed with spaced air openings and merging with the inner wall of the other of said portions, a dome-shaped burner within said casing, and projecting upwardly into said upper frusto-conical portion, a fuel pipe extending through said burner for supplying fuel to said burner, means for circulating air around the delivery end of said pipe, the base of said burner being positioned within and but. slightly spaced from the said centrally contracted portion.

5. A hydro-carbon burner for stoves. and the like comprisinga combustion chamber casing, a main burner within said casing, a pilot burner within said casing; above said main burner having a depending skirt portion. secured to said main burner, a sleeve rotatably mounted within said skirt, a fuel pipe extending through and in spaced relation to. said sleeve and communicating with the. top ofjsaid pilot for eedingfuel to said pilot and therefrom to said main burner, and cornmunicati-ng air openings in said sleeve and skirt for the passage of cool air around said pilot,

burner.

6. A hydro-carbon burner for stoves and the like: comprising a combustion chamber casing, a.

main burner within. said" casing, a pilot burne'

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