US1958049A - Molding apparatus for hollow concrete structures - Google Patents

Description

May 8, 1934. w KLElTZ 1,958,049

MOLDING APPARATUS FOR HOLLOW CONCRETE STRUCTURES Filed April 25, 1930 BNVE TOR ATTORNE S.

Patented May S, 1934 Wet car i so srArss PATENT OFFICE MGLDING APEARATUS FOR HOLLOW CONCRETE STRUCTURES 14 Claims.

This invention relates to hollow concrete structures and apparatus for molding the same, and more particularly to poured concrete walls, floors, partitions and other like structures, and apparatus for molding the same. 7

An object of the invention is to provide molding apparatus designed to enable the pouring of hollow or double concrete walls, floors, partitions, and other like structures. A further object of my invention is to provide molding apparatus whereby a wall may be poured to its full height in one continuous pouring. V

According to this invention, molding plates of sufficient rigidity to withstand the pressure of the poured concrete are provided and maintained in rigid spaced relation as desired, to form, for example, a hollow or double mold until the concrete poured between the plates has become sufficiently hardened to permit removal of the moldlog apparatus.

sufficiently hardened, the molding plates and reinforcing structure may be readily removed, both from the outside faces of the molded article and from the inside faces. Certain tie rods, however, 'remain rigidly embedded in the concrete in the case of hollow or double molds, maintain the spaced relation of the two sections after the molding structure has been removed.

ther objects, novel features and advantages of the invention will become apparent by reference to the following detailed description read in the light of the accompanying drawing, wherein Figure 1 is an isometric view of a portion of the forms as assembled and set up in actual practice;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion of the forms taken on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal view of a portion of the apparatus taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is an enlar ed fragmentary perspective view taken at the juncture of one of the inner molding plates showing the tie rod and spline construction.

While the invention is especially applicable to the formation of walls, floors, partitions and other like structures as before stated, the said structures will all hereinafter be termed walls for the sake of brevity in describing the invention, and it is to be understood that the use of such considered a limitation of the invention, Moreover, the terms concrete and cement as used in describing and claiming this invention are to be understood as covering any substance which may be poured or otherwise placed in molds in a When the concrete has become term in the specification and claims is not to besemi-fluid or plastic state and which thereupon sets hydraulically or otherwise to produce molded forms.

The outer walls of the molds are composed of a plurality of plates 10 which may be of sheet metal of gauge and character sufiicient to withstand the pr ssures of concrete freshly poured in the mold. The said plates may be of any desired height. It is a feature of the invention that plates may be used of height corresponding to the height of the particular walls to be poured. These plates may be of any desired width which permits of convenient handling. The said plates 10 are used in pairs on the opposite sides of the walls, so that the vertical edges 11 between adjacent plates will always be directly opposite each other.

The fiat sheets 10 are reinforced on their outer surfaces by a plurality of longitudinal bars 12 which are preferably of wood. The dimensions of the bars are made sufficient to withstand the load of freshly poured concrete that they have to control. These strips are preferably wider at their lower ends than at their upper ends so as to give greater reinforcing effect at the lower part of the form. They are'secured. to the metal plates by any suitable means. If the bars are of wood, screws passing through the metal and into the wood may be used. The bars can also be secured to the flat metal plates by light strips (not shown) of metal bent snugly over them and spot-welded to the backs of the flat sheets. Where the edges of the fiat metal plates 10 reinforced by the stripsv 12 are adjacent, as at 11, the edges of the sheets may be aligned by suitable means such as tongueand-groove edges, splines, and the like. i

The inner walls of the mold which form the void or hollow space between the two solid parts of the concrete wall, are formed with plates of corrugated or other form of deformed metal 13. For purposes of illustration, these plates are shown as corrugated. These metal plates are not rein forced with companion parts, but are used alone and are of gauge and character necessary to with stand the load and pressures of freshly-poured concrete which they will have to control. The said plates 13 forming the inner walls of the mold may be of height corresponding to that of the outer plates 10, but should be slightly less in width than the plates 10 so that they will leave room for fiat tie rods 14 hereinbelow to be described. These tie rods remain anchored in the molded material and the provision of spaces between the inner plates permits them to be withdrawn longitudinally from the hollow interior after the setting of the material without disturbing the tie rods 14.

Between the plates 13 are Z bars 15 which are placed laterally and maintain the plates 13 at a desired and fixed distance from each other. The lower legs of the Z bars 15 are notched out so that they will straddle the tie bars 14.

Extending through the forming apparatus are the metal tie bars or straps 14, already referred to, which are placed between the edges of adjacent outer plates 10 and similarly are placed between the edges of adjacent inner plates 13. Notches 16 in the edges of the outer plates 10 are provided so as to permit the adjacent plates to be flush with each other at all points and yet permit the tie bars to extend between them. As before stated, the inner plates 13 are constructed of less width than the outer formed plates 10 and permit the tie bars 14 to pass between them without being notched.

Along the outer plates 10 reinforced with bars 12 are placed horizontal angle bars or wales 17. These are placed at various heights as necessary to withstand the pressures of the freshly poured concrete. The lower vertical legs are provided with openings to permit the ends of the tie bars 14 to pass therethrough. These openings are so cut asto permit the wales to straddle and rest upon the tie bars and so prevent the wales from tilting when the pressure of the concrete comes against them.

i The forming plates of the molds are held rigidly in place and properly spaced together with the wales 17 and the Z bars 15 by the cross tie bars 14in the following manner: The tie bars 14 have holes or openings in them adapted for the reception of pins. To hold the wales 1'? in place, pins 18 are placed in holes in the tie bar. The wall plates 10, reinforced with bars 12, are held in place by pins 19. Pins 20 hold the inner walls 13 rigidly against the Z bars 15. Pins 21 are about midway of the thickness of each part of the con" crete walls, and, after the forming plates have been removed, serve as anchors to maintain the two parts of the hollow wall in fixed relation to each other as poured. The tie bars 14 obviously remain in the completed wall after the removal of the forms andmust be made new for each wall. In making them, the holes adapted to carry pins 18, 19, 20 and 21 may be drilled to meet varying specifications as to wall thickness. In order to prevent the tie bars from projecting undesirably from the finished walls, they may be bent over and broken off flush with the surface or" the wall. They may be previously weakened for that purose.

p Vertical metal straps or splines 23 are placed at the point of juncture between the inner forming plates and are used to cover the open joints referred to above between them and so prevent the escape of freshly-poured concrete into the hollow space between the two parts of the wall. The manner of use of the splines 23 is shown clearly in Fig. 4. At the points where the tie bars extend through the molding apparatus, notches 24 are cut in the splines of such shape as to fit over the top of the tie rod and lock the splines in position. The lower part of these notches is cut slopingly as at 25 to permit easy removal of the splines when the forms are removed from the molded material. The pins 20 which hold the edges of the inner forming plates 13 inposition against the 2 bars 15 also holdthe splines 23 as the splines are placed between the plates 13 and the pins 20.

Horizontal rods 26 and vertical rods 27 may be used to reinforce the concrete. The reinforcing material can be of any type and is shown here merely to indicate the ease with which reinforcing material can be installed while the forms are being erected.

After the concrete has been poured and permitted to harden in the molds, the 2 bars 15 can be removed easily as by passing a hook down one of the corrugations of the inner sheet 13 and engaging the edge of the vertical leg of the Z bar and giving it an upward jerk so as to tilt and loosen it. After this is done, the 2 bars 15, the inner plates 13 and the straps 23 may be easily removed from the void between the two parts 01 the wall. The outside forming plates 19 may also be removed readily, merely by removing pin 18 from the tie bars.

After removal of the forming plates, the tie bars 14 will remain rigidly anchored in the two parts of the walls, holding them securely in position. The protruding ends of these bars may be removed to make a smooth surface, as above described.

It is to be understood that the present invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments illustrated, but is to be limited only to such structures and arrangements as are defined by the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a molding form of the character described having molding plates arranged in pairs for the reception of cement between the plates of each pair, the combination comprising inner verticaliy extending plates, outer vertically extending plates, metallic tie bars extending between successive adjacent vertical edges of said inner and outer plates and extending horizontally through said forms at a plurality of levels, notch means in vertical edges or" said outer plates at a plurality oi levels for preventing the downward movement of said tie bars with respect to said plates the vertical edges of said outer plates and tie bars in said notches in normal position forming contacting abutting surfaces preventing the escape oi horizontal distance between said tie bars thereby permitting the vertical withdrawal of said inner plates without removing said tie bars, after said tie bars have become embedded in the formed hollow wall.

2. In a molding form of the character described having molding plates arranged in pairs for the reception of cement between the plates of each pair, the combination comprising inner vertically extending plates, outer vertically extending plates, metallic tie bars extending between uccessive adj acent vertical edges of said inner and outer plates and extending horizontally through said forms at a plurality of levels, means on said outer plates at a plurality of levels for preventing the I sidesof the inner plates against movement away from said spacing means, and means for preventing horizontal movement of said outer plates in either direction at right angles to said tie bars, the maximum horizontal extent of said inner plates being not substantially greater than the horizontal distance between said tie bars thereby permitting the vertical withdrawal of said inner plates Without removing said tie bars after said tie bars have become embedded in the formed hollow wall and vertically extending splines overlying adjacent vertical edges of said inner plates and between said inner plates and the aforesaid inner positioning means for maintaining said inner plates against movement away from said spacing means.

3. A mold of the character described for making hollow cementitious forms comprising inner plates of deformed metal, outer sheet metal plates reinforced by longitudinal bars, horizontally disposed bars superimposed upon said reinforced outer plates for controlling the alignment of adjacent outer plates, metallic tie bars extending horizontally through said formsand between adjacent vertical edges of the aforesaid inner and outer plates and having openings for the reception of pins, means on said outer plates for maintaining said tie bars at a plurality of predetermined levels, means for spacing the inner plates from each other, pins in said tie bars holding said inner plates against said spacing means, and means cooperating with said tie bars for holding said reinforced outer plates and their superimposed bars together and at fixed distance from the inner plates, said inner plates being removable vertically without removing said tie bars.

4. A mold of the character described for making hollow cementitious forms comprising outer sheet metal plates and inner deformed metal plates between which outer and inner plates cement may be poured, tie bars passing between adjacent vertical edges of said outer and inner plates having holes for the reception of pins, means on said outer plates for maintaining a plurality of said tie bars at a plurality of predetermined levels, horizontally disposed Z bars between said inner plates resting on and comprising means for preventing horizontal movement of said tie bars at right angles to said 2 bars for separating and aligning said ner plates, pins in said tie bars holding the inner plates against the said Z bars,

retaining bars resting on and comprising means for preventing horizontal movement of the tie bars at right angles to said retaining bars and superimposed on the outside of the outer plates, and pins in the said tie bars holding said outer plates and their superimposed bars together and at a fixed distance from the inner plates.

5. A mold of the character described for making hollow cementitious forms comprising outer sheet metal plates and inner deformed metal plates between which outer and inner plates concrete may be poured, tie bars passing between the adjacent vertical edges of said outer and inner plates having holes for the reception of pins, 2 bars between said inner plates for separating and aligning said inner plates, adjacent inner plates being so positioned as to provide vertical spaces therebetween substantially equal to the thickness of said tie bars, splines on the inner side of said inner plates covering said spaces between the adjoining inner plates and notched to engage the said tie bars, pins in said tie bars holding the said inner plates and the said splines against the counter position of the Z bars, horizontally disposed bars superimposed on the outside of the said outer plates, and pins in said tiebars holding said outer plates and superimposed bars together and at a fixed distance from the inner plates.

6. A mold or" the character described for making cementitious forms comprising outer plates and inner deformed metal plates between which outer and inner plates cement may be poured, tie bars passing between adjacent vertically disposed edges of said outer and inner plates having holes for the reception of pins, means for maintaining said tie bars at a plurality of levels, means for spacing the inner plates from each other, means cooperating with a plurality of said tie bars to prevent horizontal movement of said tie bars with respect to each other, pins in said tie bars holding said inner plates against said spacing means, pins in said tie bars maintaining said outer plates in a fixed position and at a fixed space from the inner plates, and horizontally disposed means for maintaining the alignment of said inner and outer plates.

7. In molding forms or" the character described having molding plates arranged in pairs for the reception of cement between the plates of each pair, the combination comprising metallic tie bars extending through the forms and horizontally disposed Z bars between the inner plates of said pairs of plates for separating and aligning said plates said 2 bars having a plurality of notches adapted to straddle a plurality of said tiebars.

8. In molding forms of the character described having molding plates arranged in pairs for the reception of cement between the plates of each pair, the combination comprising metallic tie bars extending through the forms between adjacent vertical edges of said pairs of plates, notches in the outer plates of said pairs of plates to prevent the downward movement of said tie bars with respect to said plates, and spacing means between the inner plates of said pairs of plates, said spacing means being adapted to co-operate with a plurality of said tie bars for preventing horizontal movement of said tie bars with respect to each other and for preventing horizontal displacement of said tie bars from said notches.

9. In combination with a molding form of the character described having molding plates arranged in pairs for the reception of cement between the plates of each pair and held in position by horizontally extending tie bars at substantially right angles to said molding plates, of tiltable horizontally extending spacing means between the inner plates of said pairs of plates and extending longitudinally with respect to said form for separating and aligning said inner plates, said spacing means being tiltable as a whole about a longitudinal axis of said spacing means without substantially increasing the horizontal extent thereof and having a lesser extent when tilted so that it is adapted by tilting about a longitudinal axis to be loosened and removed.

10. Molding apparatus according to claim 9 wherein a deformed metal inner plate is used affording in addition to a plurality of points of contact between said inner plates and said spacing means, one or more vertically extending apertures between said plate and said spacing means through which tilting means can be inserted for tilting said spacing means.

11. A mold of the character described for making cementitious molded articles comprising outer plates and inner deformed metal plates presented by said aligning means for maintaintically-extending between which outer and inner plates cement may be poured, tie bars maintained at a plurality of levels passing between adjacent vertically-disposed edges of said outer and inner plates having holes for the reception of pins, horizontally disposed means for spacing the inner plates from each other and preserving the alignment of said plates, pins in said tie bars holding said inner plates against the said spacing means, horizontally-disposed means superimposed upon the outer plates for aligning the same, and comprising notches adapted to straddle said tie bars and pins in said tie bars maintaining said outer plates and said superimposed means in a fixed position at a fixed space from the inner plates, said spacing means in normal position between the inner plates being tiltable without substantial increase in horizontal extent thereof, and presenting when tilted a lesser extent between said inner plates.

12. In a molding form of the character described having molding plates arranged in pairs for the reception of cement between the plates of each pair, the combination comprising inner vertically-extending plates, outer vertically-extending plates, metallic tie bars extending between successive adjacent vertical edges of said inner and outer plates and extending horizontally through said forms at a plurality of levels, notch means in vertical edges of said outer plates at a plurality of levels to prevent downward movement of said tie bars with respect to said plates, horizontally-extending aligning means for maintaining adjoining plates of said forms in alignment, and co-operating maintaining means ing said tie bars against horizontal displacement from said notches in said outer plates.

13. A mold of the character described for making hollow cementitious forms comprising verinner plates of corrugated metal having vertically-extending corrugations, horizontally-extending means for spacing and aligning said corrugated inner plates at a plurality of levels, said spacing means extending r longitudinally of the forms and reinforcing said corrugated metal inner plates, outer verticallyextending plates of sheet metal reinforced by vertically-extending superimposed bars, horizontally-disposed bars superimposed upon said reinforced outer plates for controlling the alignment of adjacent outer plates, metallic tie bars extending horizontally through said forms and between adjacent vertical edges of the aforesaid inner and outer plates, and means co-operating with said tie bars for holding said inner plates against said spacing means and for holding said outer plates and their superposed bars together and at a fixed distance from said inner plates.

14. A mold of the character described for making cementitious forms comprising verticallyextending outer plates and corrugated inner metal plates having vertically-extending corrugations between which outer and inner plates cement may be poured, horizontally-extending tie bars passing between adjacent vertically-extending edges of said inner and outer plates at a plurality of levels, the horizontal width of said inner corrugated plates being less than the distance between said tie bars so that said inner plates may be vertically removed after said tie bars have become embedded in concrete, horizontally-disposed spacing means extending longitudinally of the mold and carried by said tie bars for spacing and aligning said inner plates and reinforcing said inner plates at a plurality of levels, splines supported by said tie bars within the forms and adapted to cover the vertical spaces between adjoining vertical edges of said inner plates and be pressed against said inner plates by cement within said forms and prevent escape of cement through said spaces, notches in vertical edges of said outer plates to prevent downward movement of said tie bars with respect to said forms, the vertical edges of said outer plates and tie bars in said notches contacting with each other to substantially prevent the escape of cement between the vertical edges of said outer plates, and means carried by the said tie bars for aligning said outer plates and positioning same at a distance from said inner plates.

WILLIAM KLEITZ.

Images