US1890268A - Method and apparatus for forming composite piles - Google Patents

Description

H. R. SMITH Dec. 6, 1932.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING COMPOSITE FILES Filed June 20. 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTOI RNEYS 6,1932. 1,890,268 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING COMPOSITE FILES H R. SMITH Filed June 20. 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTbRNEYu' Patented Dec. 6, 1932 UNITED STATES."

. PILE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK,N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY Mmnon AND APPARATUS ron ronmine'ooivrrosirn r'ILns Application filed June 20,

i This invention pertains to the manufacture of composite piles of the type in which a pro-formed lower pile section is sur mounted by a cast-in-place upper concrete section. v

In one method of manufacture the lower section is driven until its upper end approaches ground level, then a corrugated shell is mounted on the head of the lower section, after which the lower section and shell are sunk further by means of a core resting on the head of the lower section and engaging the interior walls of the shell by radially movable pads adaptedto engage the shell corrugations.

In orderto withstand the strains imposed on the shell by the driving core, and thesevere abrasion to whichthe shell is, subjected by contact with the ground through which itis driven, it has been found desirable to make the shell of comparatively thick metal. 7

According to the present invention the shell is enclosed during the driving operation in a temporary casing which prevents contact of the shell with the ground, thereby obviating the necessity of drawingthe shell down by means of a core. Because theshell is relieved of all driving strains it may be made of much lighter gauge metal than formerly. For instance, under certain circumstances it has been found possible to reduce the metal thickness from to 24: gauge. The shell is attached to the lower pile section in any suitable manner and the lower secq tion is driven by a follower resting on the head of the lower section within the shell. The temporary casing is driven with the fol:

lower and the permanent shell, between the temporary casing and the follower, simply follows the lower section down by gravity.

If desired, suficient space maybe provided between the follower and the temporary casing to accommodate shells of different sizes,

whereby the same apparatus may be used for sinking shells of different diameters, which cannot be done when the shells are driven by cores,'because each core is suitable for only one particular size of shell. This feature often leads to important savings in cost of V -Fig. l shows the parts during operation with the boot cupped around the 4 i931. Serial no. 545726.

manufacture, especially when the piles are formed at a place distant from the place of manufacture of the shells; Ifshells of asinglediameter are used, they cannot be nested. Y

in shipment and the freight charges are excessive inrrelation to thetotal cost of the job. If, on the other hand, shells of various, diameterare used, freight is kept down,'but, since by-previous methods, each particular diameter of shell requires a driving core of its own, and since the cost of collapsible cores is HERMAN B. SMITH, or DOUGLASTON, new YORK, ASSIGNOR 'ro RAYMON oononn'rn pensive equipment but only a'follower and l a tubular casing, both simple and inexpen sive; I The apparatus will'sink shells of' 'variousdiameters, therefore the shells may be nested I for shipment; In, actual practice three sizes of nestable shells have been driven with the. same apparatus. y

Further and otherobjects and'advantages V will be apparent fromvthe specification and claims, and from the accompanying drawings which illustrate" what is now considered; the preferred embodiment of the invention.

f Fig. 1 vshows a wooden pile driven until its head is near ground level, the head being adapted-for the wedge-ringtype of, connec tion to the shell.

Fig. 2 shows thewedge-'ring, shell, cou- I pli'ng-ring," follower, boot and drive casingbefore the ,wedgering is pushed home.

Fig.1'3 is similar to Fig. 2except thatthe Wedge-ring has locked the coupling "to the lower section.

lower end of the drive casing.

. Fig.6 shows the completed pile after-the 'lowerpilesectiona a a For "the purpose of illustration the inventionis shown-in Figs. 1. to '6', appliedto a the driving slightly "modified I wooden lower section having a head adapted for use of a wedge-ring for locking the upper shell coupling to the lower section. A modrugated shell 20 annular plate 22 is placed around the lower .end of coupling, 18; follower 24 is lowered into place within-shell 20 until the rim 26 of its lower counterb'ored end rests on wedge-ring 16; and the outer temporary. casing 28 is. placed around shell 20. QThe parts are thenin the positions shown in Fig. 2.. Next, the follower 24 and casing 28 are driven to the positions shown in Fig. 3, inwhich wedge-ring 16 has beenforced downwardly into shoulder 14 to expand a portion thereof into engagement withthe tapered lower end of coupling 18, thereby locking the coupling (and consequentl-y Shell 20) to the lower ipflesectioni follower 24 rests on the top often on 1 2; and

the lower end of casing 28 contacts'with.

ring 22.

A l Furtherdriving forces the parts intothe '3 ground 'as in Fig. 4 with all parts in the same positions as in Fig.3 except that'passage through'the ground has, forced the outer rim ofplate 22 into a cup-shaped bootformation' aroundthe lower end of casing 28 thereby serving to exclude "dirt 1 from the space between shell 20 and casing- 28.

Fig. 5 shows the pile after has been driven to proper footing; after follower- 24 and. casing 28 have been removed; after shell has been filled with "concrete '30 ;'and after the Surrounding th has closed around the pper pile section. I V

i In Fig. 6 are shown,- in "enlarged form, ,most ofthe details mentioned above. ,Cou-

pling sleeve 18 is shown as threaded onto shell 20,1but it may of course be fastened thereto by welding or otherwise. In Fig.

. 6 the fact is brought out that there is sulfi- Q-(fdotted) of greater diameter than shell 20,

I shell being used. V

1 --Fig.7 shows the invention 'appliedttoa I cien't space between the exterior. of follower 24 and. the interior of f temporary casing 28 to accommodate at leastthree diameters of nestable shells; for, instance .a shell 32, (dotted) of lesser diameter, andfa shell any of which may be driven by the same apparatus, the only. necessary change being to provide a coupling l8'having an upper engage the particular end of proper shape to concrete lower section instead of to a wooden lower section as described above. The lower section is of square concrete 36, having, a,

tenon 38 formed by casting it in a helically corrugated sleeve40 which remains onrthe tenon to receive the lower end of acoupling '42 adapted at its upper end for attachment to the lower end of a shell such as 44,46 i

or 48. A follower 50 servesto' drive the lower precast section. This embodiment serves to illustrate the fact that under some conditions of soil, etc, boot plate 22 may be omitted because the soil; will not-enter the space between shell and casing sufficiently to do any harm. 7

It is to be understood not-limited to the specific embodiment herein.

illustrated and. described, but may I be used in other ways without" departure from spirit as defined by the following claims. 5"

Iclaimza g 1. Apparatus for sinking into the ground a preformed lower pile section havinga com plete upper pile shell permanently attached thereto in which an upper concrete pile section is'to be cast in situ, comprising means for driving said lower section whereby said section and said shell are sunk into the ground, in combination with a temporary casing surrounding said shell and driven simul 'taneously therewith, said temporarycasing serving to protect the shell} in driving and adapted. to be withdrawn after driving of the shell;

.- '2. The invention set forth which means is provided for .closingthe space between saidshell and the bottom of said temporary casing to prevent entrance of earth therebetween during driving. p y

I 3. Apparatus for sinking into the ground a pre-iormed lower pile section having acomplete uppert pile gshellperm-anently attached thereto in which an upper concrete pile sec tion is to be cast in situ, 'comprising-,-in combination, a follower within the shell and a temporary casing without the shell, said folsaid shell from contact with the ground during the driving operation and to be withdrawn after driving of the'sh'ell.

lower and said casing being adapted for driv- I ,ing simultaneously, said follower serving'to sink the lower section and shell into the ground and said casing servingto protect* The invention set forth in -claim3 in M which an annular plate below forms, during the driving operation; acupshaped bootaround the lower end of said casing to prevententr'ance of earth between said shell and said casing. v I v Y 5(In the method of forming a comipos-ite pile shell to the upper. end of a pre-formed lower pilesection, sinking'said lower section and said shell into the groundand surround,

ing said shell with a casing to prevent con- 12:; 7 pile, the steps of atta'ching a.completelupper' i I that the invent ion' is .8 I

driving operation.

6. In the method of forming a composite pile, the steps of attaching a complete upper pile shell to the upper end of a pre-formed lower pile section, sinking said lower section and said shell into the ground, surrounding said shell with a casing to prevent contact of said shell with the ground during the driving operation and filling said shell with concrete to form the upper pile section.

7. In the method of forming a composite pile, the steps of attaching a complete upper pile shell to the upper end of a pre-formed lower pile section, sinking said lower section and said shell into the ground, surrounding said shell with a casing to prevent contact of said shell with the ground during the driving I r a a complete upper pile shell attached to its operationand removing said casing.

8. In the method of forming a composite pile, the steps of attaching a complete upper pile shell to the upper end of a pre-formed lower pile section, sinking said lower section and said shell into the ground, surrounding said shell with a casing to prevent contact of said shell with the ground during the driving operation, removing said casing, and filling said shell with concreteto form the upper pile section.

9. Apparatus for sinking into the ground a preformed lower pile section adapted to have a complete upper pile shell of one of various predetermined diameters attached thereto in which an upper concrete pile sec- 7 tion is to be cast in situ, comprising a follower for driving said lower section whereby: said section and said selected shell are sun into the ground, in combination with a temporary casing surrounding said selected shell,

said casing being adapted to be driven simultaneously with said follower, substantially as described.

10. The method of forming a composite pile which comprises driving a preformed lower pile section with a thin complete upper pile shell permanently attached to its upper end to be subsequently filled with concrete, and providing protecting means for preventing contact of such shell with the ground during driving. I

11. The method of forming a composite pile which comprises driving a preformed lower pile section into the ground, with a thin complete upper pile shell permanently ing protecting means for preventing contact of the shell with the ground during driving and subsequently filling the shell with concrete.

12. The method of forming a composite pile which comprises driving a preformed lower pile section into the ground with a thincomplete upper pile shell permanently attached to the upper end thereof, providing protecting means for the shell to prevent contact with the ground during driving, subsequently filling the shell with concrete, and then with-l drawing the shell protection to permit the surrounding ground to contact with the shell. 13. The method of forming a composite pile which comprises driving a preformed lower pile section into the ground, with a thin complete upper pile shell attached to the upper end thereof, simultaneously driving a casing surrounding the shell to protect the same against contact with the ground during driving, subsequently filling the shell with concrete and then withdrawing the casing to permit the surrounding ground to contact with the shell; l

I 14. The method vof forming a composite pile which comprises driving a preformed lower pile section into the ground, with a. thin upper end thereof, surrounding the shell with a protecting casing and driving said casing 7 simultaneously with the preformed section nature. I

HERMAN B. SMITH.

attached to the upper end thereof, provid-

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