US1726234A - Water-tube boiler - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 27, 1929. G. .1. MOG 1,726,234

WATER TUBE BOILER .$7 MWL-M55 A TTORNE Y Aug. 27, 1929. s. J. MOG 1,726,234

WATER TUBE BOILER Filed March 26, 19.24 4 Sheets-Sheei 22I IN VEN TOR.

George f C ATTORNEY Aug. 27, 1929. G. J. MOG 1,725,234

' WATER TUBE BOILER Filed March 26, 1924 '4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENToR.

ATTRNEY Aug. 27, 1929.

G. J. MOG

WATER TUBE BoILER 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 26, 1924 INVENToR. @fea/ye fj ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 27, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATE-NT o FFICE'.

GEORGE J. MOG, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

WATER-TUBE BOILER.

Application inea Marcin 26,. 1924. serialk No. 'roi-,903.

of power delivered, may be easily kept in` repair, are comparatively free from danger of explosion, require less time for steam generation, and in general deliver a greater" quantity of steam than their usual rating. A further advantage resides in the fact that iire brick may be used in the containing shell so that a greater heating eiiciency is obtainable than with other constructions.

Locomotive boilers at present in general use are of the fire tube type, but in large steam plant installations and in most marine installations the water tube type of boiler has been rapidly displacing other types. All of the advantages which inhere in said construction for use in stationary boiler plants or upon marine vessels are enhanced when such construction is appliedy to a locomotive. In addition to the advantages above adverted to, it should be pointed out that dispensing with stay-bolted surfaces as well as all flat surfaces, providing for free water circulation, having the hottest gases travel" in the same direction as the hottest water, providing curved tubes which make adequate allowance for expansion and contraction, suspending the drums so that expansion will be allowed for', and providing accessible mnd drums for keeping the system free of.

foreign matter, are all advantages which tend to keep a locomotive in service for a greater period of time and vwith a less eX- pensive maintenance cost than would result from the use of boilers of other types of 7. The usual'means of access through said construction. I

The principal object of this invention is to appear in the course of the following description. To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, said invention, then, consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detail certain structure embodying thel invention, such disclosed means constituting, however, but one 'of' various structural forms in which the principle ofthe invention may be used.

In said annexed drawings Fig. 1 is av longitudinal `sectional elevation of the construction;` Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation taken along the line 2-2 shown in Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional elevation taken along theline 3-3 shown in Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows; F ig.4 ,is a transverse sectionaly view taken along the line 4-4 shown in Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 5' is a detail view showing a perforatedl nozzle and the trough in the feed water system; Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view showing the position and extent of the baffle in the. feed Water drum; and Fig. 7

`with an aperture 4 fora stack and is closed at the forward end by means of a circular iron plate 5 kwhich' may'be formed in sections, and provided on its inner face with a lining ofsilica brick 6. The extreme outer end of the shell is adapted to have a circular head (not shown) fastened thereto by means of studs inserted iny apertures in the flange simular .head isy provided `so that for purposes of repair the plate 5, and its lining of silica brick, may be taken out.

The shell or casing just described constitutes the passageway for the gases of combustion which pursue a tortuous path through the various banks of water tubes hereinafter to .be described and are deflected by a series of baflies until such gases emerge through the stack. At a point rearwardly of the position of the stack and intermediate between the top and bottom walls of the shell, a transverse feed water drum v8 is provided. Said drum is provided with a transverse baffle plate 9 extending partially across the same in a horizontal position or at a slightly rearward inclination to the horizontal and serves to control the admission of a gradual admixture of the .feed water with the heated water in circulation through the boiler tubes. The feed water drum is provided with the usual man-hole 11 at one end, positioned centrally of one of the flanged and dished heads of the drum. The feed water is admitted to the feed water drum through a supply line 12, connected with the water tank on the tender of the locomotive and carried inside the shell to a position slightly rearward of the stack and then connected with a perforated nozzle 13 having apertures on its upper side and 1ying within a trough 14 extending transversely of the feed water drum adjacent the bottom thereof. The perfora-tions in the nozzle tube are formed of a combined area equal to the area of the two feed lines connected with said nozzle tube and thu-s the flow of the feed water is uniform throughout the feed water supply system.

The feed water dr'um is also provided with a blow-off pipe 15 positioned centrally of its lowery side through which mud and other obstructions which may have accumulated therein may be removed. In addition to the feed water drum the boiler is preferably provided with four other drums comprising respectively the steam drum 16 lovcated slightly to the rear of the mid-length of the boiler at the point of enlargement of the shell, they separator drum 17 located above the fire box and against the rear wall `of the shell at a point slightly below the l door and against the rearward wall of the shell and at the rear of the lirebox, and the mud drum 19 located at the forward end of the fire box and at the lower side of the shell` in a position rearwardly of the point of support of the steam drum. All of the drums extend transver-sely of the shell and three of said drums are wholly filled, or in the teryof the various tubes.

The steam drum and the steam separator drum intersect the normal water level of the boiler', the major portion of the steam drum being above said level and approximately the upper third of the steam separator drum being above said level. The position of the steam drum'centrally of the shell adjacent the center of rotation of the locomotive provides for a substantially uniform water level in the steam drum and a large steam space within said drum.

As is clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing, the feed water drum 8 is connected with the mud drum 19 by a series of tubes 21, in this case sixty-four in number. Each of these tubes is spaced from its adjacent tube a distance greater than the diameter of said tube, thus providing space for the removal of a single tube without disturbing the others.

Adjacent each end of this set of tubes, as well as of all the other tubes employed in the boiler, the respective tube is curved along a uniform radius of curvature, although the arcs of curvature differ with the positions Said bank of tubes is connected with the forward upper portion of the mud drum and a similar bank of tubes, sixty-four in number, connects the rearward face of the mud drum with the drums positioned against the rearward wall of the shell. The greater portion 22 of these tubes connects the mud drum with the steam separator drum 17, but a bank of four tubes 23 at each side of the fire box connects said drum with the distributing drum 18, which, in turn, is connected by a series of three tubes 24 at each side of the fuel chute 25 of the furnace, with the steam separator drum 17. A tile baffle 26 is supported at an intermediate position 'between the tubes connecting the mud drum with the steam separator drum, from a point intermediate of the fire box 27 and extending thence into contact with the outer surface of the mud drum. The upper tubes 28 of the bank of tubes 22 connecting the mud drum with the steam separator' drum have their rearward ends positioned above this baffle, and form what is known to the trade as the crown sheet ofthe fire box. f

Adjacent the crown sheet tubes, a bank of tubes 29, twenty in number, connect the upper forward portion of the steam separator drum with the lower rearward face of the steam drum 16. A single tube 31, on each side of the steam drum, positioned immediately beneath the last-named bank of tubes, connects the lower rearward side of the steam drum with the top of the mud drum. The steam drum is pro-vided with two transverse plates, the upper plate being curved slightly downwardly and extending across the upper third of the steam drum and the lower plate 33, extending subi 44 is provided stantially horizontally across the steam' drum u at a point approximately two-thirds of the from the top of the drum. The plate 32 is perforated and is positioned beneath the point of connectiony of the safety or pop valves and the plate 33 is an imperforate plate. which extends across the path of the tubes but does not extend to the ends of the drum. Immediately above the bank of tubes connecting the steam separator drum with the `steam drum, space is reserved for a superheater. Immediately above this space a bank of tubes 34, thirteen in number, connect the upper side of the forward portion of thel steam separator drum with the upper portion of the rearward side of the steam drum. A cast iron baffle plate 35 is secured by means of U-bolts 36 to the lower row of this series of tubes and extends from the steam separator drum to the steam drum. When the superheater is in place said cast iron baflle plate will be immediately above the same. The steam separator drum isprovided with a curved perforated baflie plate` 37 spaced a short distance from the point of connection of the bank of steam carrying tubes `34. Said tubes enter the steam drum at a point immediately below the position of the perforated plate 32 and at a point spaced from the imperforate plate 33.

At the end of the steam' drum, above the perforated plate, a connection 38 for the safety or pop va ve is provided. IAn angular extension 39 is provided on each side to which pipes 41 are secured to serve as points of connection with the 'superheaten A pair of said pipes is provided at either side, thus providing for `four connections with. the'supe'rheater. A bank of tubes 42, fourteen in number, connects the lower forward portion of the steamy 'drum with the feed water drum. These tubes are placed beneath the imperforate transverse plate 33 distance and connect with the feed water drum adjacent tlie upper portion of its rearward side.

It will be noted that the mud drum 19 is adapted to collect mud from the steam drum through the pair of tubes 31, and that said drum is provided on its under side with a blow-olf pipe 43. A similar blow-off pipe on the under side of the distributing drum 18. The fire box 27 of the locomotive is provided with a floor 45, formed of the usual grate bars, and adjacent its lower` forward end is' provided with a double walled cast iron baille 46y to protect the mud drum from excessive heat wherethe same is exposedto the fire.k The lire brick lining of the shell'is carried beneath theV forward lower face of the mud drum and forms a partial support 47 for the same.

The various drums of the boiler are held inposition by suitable `straps connected with the' framework or the she-1r (not shown) and are thus free to accommodate themselves to the slightchanges in position necessitated by the expansion of thewalls of the various tubes and drums. The curvature of the individual tubes compensates for any differtransverse baffle plate 49 intermediate of the shell.

In addition to the baffle plates heretofore described, ak series of transverse baille plates 51, 52 and 53 are positioned within the shell at points between the steam drum and the feed water drum, the baffle plate 52 extendingv upwardly from the lower wallfof the shell', and the baffle plate 53 extending downwardly from the upper wall of the shell. The baffle plate 51 is inclined at a slightly outward angle and is connected with the transverse baille plate 49, constituting in effect an extension thereof. A short inclined baffle plate 54 is secured to the upper forward face of the feed water drum transversely of the shell and serves to restrict, to a certain extent, the passageway of the gases at the upper portion of theshell, thus forcing a fair proportion of the hot gases to follow the feed water drum and enter the passageway to the stack from beneath'said drum.

It will be noted that the fuel chute 25 is interposed between the` drums 17 and'18, and insures the Adeposit of the fuel upon the grate bars. The fuel chute is closed at its outer side by the usual furnace door 55.`

.In addition to obtaining' access tofthe drums and water tubes through the forward end of the shell, as heretofore described, it should be noted that by removing the rearward portion of the shell, including the sides or top'of the wagon and the fire brick lining beneaththe same, that direct access 'may be had to the drums and water tubes inthe rearward portion of the boiler. As has been stated, the -space between the individualy tubes is sufficiently great to permit any single tube to be withdrawn from its position without disturbing any of the'adjacent tubes. Thus the construction affords full access to all parts of the boiler and the cost of maintenance is very low,v particularly in comparison with the usual type of locomotive'boiler with its numerous stay-bolts and joints of various kinds which require the taking apart of the heavy boiler structure itself to make even a minor repair within the same;

The construction described provides for free circulation ofthe water throughout the boiler, and at all points' where an accumulation of mud orv other obstructing `material Cil t the most eflicient manner.

would be caused provision is made for the removal of such accumulations through blow-off pipes. rlhe tubes are uniformly inclined toward the mud drum and none of the individual tubes thus forms a pocket within which water can stagnate or scale can form.

The mud drum is positioned at the lowest level of the boiler` and accumulations of mud from the pipes will be deposited in thisl drum, which is of larger diameter than any of the other drums employed. The hottestgases are diverted against the superheaterx by means of the tile baille 26 and the fire bricklining of the shell and the cast iron baille plate serve to concentrate the heat upon the superheater and steam generating bank of tubes so as to operate the same in llowest degree and thus the coldest water in the circulating system meets the coldest gases and the gases emerging from the stack carry little waste heat to the atmosphere.

The operation of the boiler will be readily apparent from the above description of its construction. The path of water circulation as well as the way in which the hot gases travel along and between the water tubes is clearly shown by the indicating arrows in Fig. 1. Thus the hot gases from the fire box rise and pass around the rearward end of the baille 26, and then downwardly beneath the steam drum 16, clearing the lower end of the baille 51, they are again diverted upwardly by means of the baffle 52, and are then diverted downwardly by means of the baffle plate 53, which causes a portion of the gases to pass below the feed water drum 8, and another portion thereof to pass above said drum. The short inclined baille plate 54 secured at an angle to the upper forward face of the feed water drum serves to restrict to a certain extent the passage of the gases above said drum, and thus assists in forcing a fair proportion of the gases along the under side of the feed water drum pre* liminary to their entering into the stack.

The water is received in the feed water drum through the supply line 12, connected with'the perforated nozzle 13, which is supplied with apertures upon its upper' side of a combined area equal to that of a crosssection of the supply pipe.y

The` nozzle discharges into the trough 14,

vand its supply is thoroughly mixed with The water circui some of the water in circulation through the water tubes of the boilei` which entersthe feed water drum 8 through the tubes 42 which are connected'at their rearward ends with the lower side of the steam drum 16 below the water line and carried beneath the imperforate transverse plate 33. These tubes, 14 in number, supply the hot water to the feed water drum, and thus rapidly bring the same to a high temperature.

The water leaves thev feed water drum through the tubes 21, each connected with the mud drum 19. The greater portion of the sediment carried into circulation is deposited in the mud drum. A portion of the water in the muddrum is free to return to the feedwater drum through the upper tubes of the series 21 but such circulation, if any, depends on operative conditions. Some of the water in the upper portion of the mud drum will be mixed with and heated by the `water received through a pair of pipes 31 connecting with the steam drum beneath the imperforate transverse plate 33. Most of the circulation from the mud drum however, will be through the series of tubes 22 which connect with the separator drum 17 immediately below the lire box. A bank of four tubes 23 at each side of the fire box connects the mud drum with the distributing drum 18. Three tubes 24 at each side of the fuel chute 25 connect the distributing drum with the steam separator drum 17. The upper tubes 28 which connect the mud drum with the steam separator druni constitute, in the terminology of the trade, the crown sheet of the boiler, and their rearward ends are positioned above the tile baffle 26. Local circulation may take place between the drums 17, 18 andy 19, until certain temperature ratios are established in the several portions of the boiler.

, A series of tubes 29 is providedL adjacent the crown sheet tubes to connect the upper portion of the steam separator drum 17 with vthe lower rearward vportion of the steam drum .16. These tubes are twentyk in number and connect `with the steam drum ata point below the imperforate transverse baille plate 33j The steamaccumulated in the steam separator drum is carried to the steam drum through the series of tubes 34,

thirteen in number, positioned immediately above the cast iron bae plate 35.y The curved perforated baille plate 37 spaced a vshort distance from the point of connection when the same is to be used, v

The advantages yof the construction will be apparent particularly in connection with use upon a locomotive. Theisteami drum is located at a centralpoint, whichr is least affected by the motion of the locomotiveor by a difference in the grade of the railway.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the structure herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the follow ing claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention l. A water tube locomotive type boiler comprisingas the sole elements of its circulating system a plurality of drums disposed transversely of the longitudinal axis of the boiler and curved tubes connecting the same.

2; A water tube locomotive type boiler` comprising as the sole elements of its circulating system a plurality of drums disposed transversely of the longitudinal axis of the '1 boiler and curved tubes connecting the same, said tubes forming the crown sheet, side, and steam generating banks of tubes of said boiler.

3. A water' tube locomotive type boiler comprising a cylindrical sliell provided at its rearward end with a fire box and at its forward end with a smoke box and stack, bailies and passageways located between said fire box and said stack, a pair of drums at the rearward end of said shell and a feed water drum at the forward end thereof adjacent said stack, a mud drum located transversely of and at an intermediate point of said shell, a steam drum positioned transversely of said body above said mud drum and at a point intersected by the water line of said locomotive, and banks of tubes interconnecting said several drums.

4. A water tube locomotive type boiler comprising a series of drums disposed transversely of the longitudinal axis of the boiler, banks of tubes connecting said drums, said series comprising a steam drum positioned transversely of an intermediate point of said boiler and intersected by the water line thereof, a feed water drum at the forward end of said boiler submerged beneath the water line thereof, a pair of drums positioned at the rearward ends of said boiler, the upper of said drums intersecting the water line of said boiler with its upper portion, and a mud drum disposed transversely of said boiler at an intermediate point substantially beneath said steam drum and below the position of said other drums.

5. A water tube locomotive type boiler comprising a shell, a'submerged feed water drum located transversely of the forward end of said shell, a iire box at the rearward end of said shell, a pair of submerged drums,

one of the pair located at the front. and the other at rear of said lire box,'banks of tubes connecting said. drums, a steam separator drum located above and rearwardly of said fire box with its major portion below the water level of the boiler, a plurality of tubes` connecting saidj steam` separatorl drum with the drumsof said pair, a steam drum positioned approximately centrally of said shell and with its major portion above the water level of the boiler, a plurality of steam separator tubes connecting said steam separator drum and said steam drum, and connections from said steam drum to a steam line.

6. A water tube locomotive type boiler comprising a shell, a submerged feed water drum located transversely of the forward end of said shell, a lire box. at the rearward end of said shell, a pair of submerged drums, one of the pair located at the front and the other at rear of said ire box, banks of tubes connecting said drums and inclined downwardly toward said drum at the front of said lire box, a steam separator drum locat ed above and rearwardly of said re box with its major portion below the water level of the boiler, a plurality of tubes connecting said steam separator drum with the drums of said pair, a steam drum positioned approximately centrally of said shell and with its major portion above the water level of the boiler, a plurality of steam separator tubes connecting said steam separator drum and said steam drum, and a plurality of tubes connecting said steam drum with said submerged feed water drum and said intermediate submerged drum, respectively.

7. A water tube locomotive type boiler comprising a shell for confining the gases of combustion, a plurality of transverse drums distributed at spaced intervals throughout the length of said shell with the intermediate drum at the lower level, said plurality of drums including a pair of drums located transversely of the upper portion of said shell and intersecting the water level of said boiler, a plurality of tubes connecting said respective drums, and means connecting one of said upper pair of. drums with a steam sup ly line.

8. A water tue locomotive type boiler comprising a shell for confining the gases of combustion, a plurality of transverse submerged drums distributed at spaced intervals throughout the length of said shell with the intermediate drum at the lower level, a pair of drums located transversely of the upper portion of said shell and intersecting the water level of said boiler, a plurality of tubes connecting said respective drums, the tubes connecting the ,upper por tions of the upper pair of drums being spaced from the adjacent tubes of the apparatus to provide space for a superheater.

9. A Water tube locomotive ty e boiler in series With each other, and a plurality comprising a shell, a fire box provi ed at thev of baHes interposed between said tubes to rear of said shell and a smoke box and stack cause the gases from said fire boX to pursue 10 at the forward end of said shell, a plurality a tortuous path through said shell toward 5 of transverse drums disposed at spaced insaid smoke box and stack.

tervals throughout the length of said shell, Signed by me, this 22 day of March, 1924. a plurality of tubes connecting said drums GEORGE J. MOG.

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