US1627032A - Intake valve - Google Patents

Description

May' 3,1927. 1,627,032

J. E. HARRIS INTAKE VALVE Filed July 20, 1925 2 Sheets-Shee*v 2 Patented May 3, 1927. i

UNITED STATES JASON E. HARRIS, OIF HOWARD, KANSAS.

INTAKE Applica-tion filed July 20 This invention relates to intake valve mechanisi'nv for internal combustion engines ot that type in which a series of cylinders Vare disposed to rotate around a stationary crank shaft or in which a revolving crank shaft'is Vdisposed centrally between and inV radial alinement with a series of stationary cylinders, and my object is Ato produce a con- VALVE. K

1925. `serial no. 44,760.

forming any part of the invention being omitted.

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmental section of Olne of the cylinders Adisclosed by Figure cylinder but taken at right angles to the section disclosed'by Figure 2, the section .line

struction in which there is .an intake valve in being indicated by the dotted line III-HI the head oit each piston, and in which angular changes of -relation between each cylinder and its piston connecting rod results in opening movement otthe respective intake `Valve at the initial quarter of every alternate revolution of the cylinders or shaft, and means for 'closing the valve on the ensuing quarter revolution, as the angularly related parts are resuming their initial or non-anl gular relation.

A further lobject is to provide means actuated bypressure produced by compression or explosive force lbetween the head of the pist-'on and cylinder, for preventing angular changes between the cylinder and connecting rod, from effecting the opening of the valve Ifor the ensuing one and a fraction revelution,` and means upon a suitable reduc"- tion of such pressure, for positioning the parts in their original relation so that at Lor near the beginning of the next or third revolution, the ensuing `change of angular relation between `the pist-on and connecting rod shall again lopen the valve, :this cycle of operations being similar for each cylinder and its related valve mechanism, so that in a four cylinder .lour cycle engine, .there Ashall be lan average Vof two explosions `for `each revolution of the cylinders or crank shaft.

A still. iturtherobject is to produce a inechanism Vot `the character outlined, which is 'of simple, strong and relatively .inexpensive instruction` vand in which carbon deposits upon the 4valve Aor its seat will tend to .guard against rather than result in loss of pressure and impairment of `eiliciency of operation of the engine.

llVith VAthese objects in view the invention consists in certain novel and useful features ot lconstruction and combinations of parts as hereinafter described and claimed; yand in order 'that it maybe fully understood reterence is `to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which 'Figure l is a Vcentral lvertical section of an internal combustion engine embodying .my invention, certain parts of the lengine Ynot of Figure 2.

Figure 3 is a section through the same Figure 4 is a cross section on the line Ivi-IV of Figure 3.

Figure 5 -is a cross section on V-V of Figure '3. i

the 'line Figure 6 is a cross section corresponding. to Figure 5 but showing the valves open as distinguished from Figure 5, wherein said valves are shown as closed.

Figure v7 is a longitudinal section ofthe cylinder taken on the line VII-VII of Fi gure 6.

Referring tothe drawings in detail, l indicates the customary or any preferred shaft suitably journaled in a frame or standard (notwshown) and 2 is the crank oit .said shaft. 3 is the crank case of the engine and 4, 5, 6 and 7 indicate in this instance theA cylinders of a four-cycle engine, provided .at

their outer ends with hemispl-ierical heads or closures in order that the explosive forces shall be concentrated centrally upon the outer ends of the pistons 8, which being of like construction are identified by corresponding reference characters.

The pistons Yare provided at diametrically opposite sides with internal bearing hubs .9 for cross pinslO connected centrally to the outer ends of the connecting rods 1l pivoted a't their Vinner ends in any suitable manner on the shaft crank 2. As the cylinders 4are shown in vthe same vertical plane and it is desirable `that the inner .ends or' the connecting rods shall .be inthe same pla-ne, a special bearing 11'l1 is provided, which however, is capable of independent yuse and is therefore not detailed. The special construction and operation of said bearing forms the subject matter of a co-pending application.

Each connecting rod is provided at its outer end with a lug 12. vand each piston with `one or more, two .in this instance, conical intake-valve seats 13 having ports 14, and engaging said :seats for rotary action, are .inta-ke-valves'l provided with central stems 16k projecting inwardly longitudinally of the lrespective pistons. lThe valves are provided with diametrie ports 16a for registration at times with the respective ports 14, and springs 17 encircle and are secured to the stems and are anchored at their opposite ends to the bearing lug 9 'lor the purpose of normally holding the valves substantially in the position shown by Figure 5, Which is their closed position. Pivoted in hiirurcation in the stein 1 6 ot the valves are rocker arms 18 having ball and socket connections 19 at their inner lends which permit ot a limited rotary movement of the valves and also ot pivotal movement of the rocker arms longitudinally oi' the piston for the purpose of disposing the connected ends of said arms in the path ot' swinging movement of the lug 12 or beyond the range of movement of said lug, so that at time-s the latter may in changing its angular relation to the cylinder, either engage said rocker arms andtheretore turn the valves to open position againstthe oppositionot spring 17, or pass said arms so as to avoid imparting opening movement to the valves.

Pivoted in a biliurcated lug 2O of the piston and standing in a plane radially thereof, is a 'torked lever 2l, the fork et the level.' receiving the .inner ends of the rocker arms for the purpose oli swinging them longitudinally ol' the piston, as hereinbetore explained. The outer end of the lever has a pin-and-slot connection at 23 with the stem 2l ot a plunger 25 engaging a socket 26 formed in the head of the piston. in eX- pansive coil spring 28 lits on the stem 2/-l and hears at its opposite ends against the lug- 2'? and the outer end ot the lever and tends, vvhen unresisted, to advance the plunger 2:3 and to thereby rock the lever and cause it to dispose the rocker arms in the path ol movement oit the lug l2, a collar 2) on the inner ends of stem 2li. being adapted to arrest the plunger movement hy contact with the lug 27.

liiith the parts in the relative positions shown and the cylinders turning clockwise, and :issun'iing that cylinder 4l; is void of exhaust gases, it will be seen by reference to Figure l, that as the plunger is advanced because oli the pressure ot spring 28, the lever 2l has moved the interlocked ends of the `rtufkcnf arms Within the path ot move- .ment olf the lug l2, which in the relative change ot angular position with respect to the cylinder as the latter moves eccentrically ot the connecting rod, applies lateral pressure on said rocker arms and through them, elleets rotary opening movement of; the vali-'es l5, t'rom the position shown by Figure to that shown by Figure 6, this valve movement starting when the cylinder is approximately above the crank sha'tt and ending ivhen it has attained the position approximately shown by cylinder 5, ot' Figure l, the cylinder 4: and its piston connecting-rod, at-

taining their extreme angular relation as the valve attains its fully opened position. An explosive mixture supplied to the crank ease in any suitable nianner, passes into the combustion chamber ol' said cylinder through the opened valves during this movement and during the ensuing quarter revolution ol the cylinder, durii'ig which second quarter revolution thc valves are closingunder the power ol springs li', as at such time the angular 'elution ole the cylinder and connecting rod .is diniiinishiug, it being noted 'that the piston continues ou its suction stroke from the time it leaves its initial position until it attains the approximate position occupied by cylinder G.

the cylinder starts on its third quarter revolution, the piston begins its advance or connjiression stroke, and as the pressure thus produced overcomes the power of spring 28, the plunger 25 recedes, and through lever 2l, withdraws rocker arms 18 from the path ot' movement ot the lug l2, as shown by re terence to cylinder 7, so that the lug cannot etl'ect the reopening of said valves.

l'ly the time cylinder 4l has attained upprorimately its original position as shown in Figure l., the explosive mixture is fully compressed and the explosion occurs. The force ot the explosion represses and retains the plunger 25 retracted tor a Jfull halt revolution or more, so that during such period ot travel the rocker arms are out ot the path ot' lug l2 and the changes ot angular relation between the cylinder and :onnecting rod llave no eittect on the valves. irplvn'oximately at the beginning ot the last halt oli the revolution induced by the explosion when the piston starts its scavenging stroke, the exhaust valve (not shown) opens and the pressure in the conibustion chamber dissipates rapidly, and shortly betere the piston attains its initial position, the pressure is low enough to permit the spring 28 to readvanrc its plunger and thereby redispose the roel-:er arms in the path ot movement ot lug l2, so that the latter, at the beginning ol the third revolution, shall again engage the rocker arms and start the openingI movement ot the valves. lt will thus be seen that in every other revolution, ot a four cylinder 'tourcycle engine of this character, the conventional tvvo power strokes occur, and that the fresh mixture drawn through the pistons tends to prevent excessive heating thereof and ot the cylinders. It will also be apparent that the eliiciency of an engine of this type cannot be impaired by loss of compression, as the rotary valves will utilize carbon to maintain perfect fitting on their seats. The itull power ott' the explosions is also secured as the arched heads of the cylinders centi-alize the torce ot the explosions on the pistons.

From the above description, it will be ap- Ilo parent that I have produced a device which possesses all of the features of advantage pointed out as desirable, and while I have described and claimed the preferred embodiment of the same, I reserve the right to make all changes properly falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

l. The combination of a shaft having a c 'a'nk, a crank-case inclosing the crank of the shaft, and a cylinder connnunicating at its inner end with the crank-case, a piston in the cylinder and a connecting rod between the piston and said c "ank, the piston having an intake port in its head, of a. rotary valve carried by the piston head for controlling the port thereof and provided with a stem eX- tendinglongitudinally of the piston, a rocker arm pivoted on said stem, means actuated by suliicientl pressure y in the combustion chamber of the cylinder to operate the rocker arm, a'nd means actuated by a change of angular relation between the piston and the connecting rod, to4 apply lateral pressure on the rocker arm and effect rotation of the valve to open position.

Q.. The combination of a shaft having a crank, a crank-case inclosing the crank of the shaft, and a cylinder communicating atv its inner end with the crank-case, al piston in the cylinder and a connecting rod between the piston and said crank, the piston having an intake port in its head, of ai rotary valve carried by the piston head for controlling the port thereof and provided with a stem ex.- tending longitudinally of the piston, a rocker arm pivoted on said stem, means actuated by sufficient pressure in the combustion chamber of the cylinder to operate the rocker arm, means actuated by a change of angular relation between the piston and the connecting rod, to apply lateral pressure on the rocker arm and effect rotation of the valve to open position, and means to effect the reclosure of the valve.

3. The combination of a shaft having a crank, a crank-case inclosing the crank of the shaft, and a cylinder communicating at its inner end with the crank-case, a piston in the cylinder and a connecting rod between the piston and said crank, the piston having a pair of intake port-s of a pair of valves for controlling said ports, having parallel stems, rocker arms pivoted in said stems and hav` ing a ball and socket connection between the stems, ai forked lever engaging the rocker. arms, a plunger in the piston head, having a stem connected to operate said lever, a

lspring for advancing the plunger to cause controlling said ports, having parallel stems,

rocker arms pivoted in said stems and having a ball and socketconnection between the stems, a forked lever engaging the rocker arms, a plunger in the piston head, having a stem connected to operate said lever, a spring for advancing the plunger to cause the lever to move the connected ends of the rocker arms inwardly of the piston, means actuated by the connecting rod to apply lateral pressure on the rocker arms to rotate the valves to open position, and means to close the valves whenV the lateral pressure is removed from said rocker arms.

5. The combination with the combustion chamber of an engine, of a piston and connecting rod, a valve in said piston,an operating connection for said valve whereby a. predetermined change in the angularity of the connecting rod shall effectoperation of the valve, and control means affected by a predetermined pressure in the combustion chamber for controlling the position of said valve operating connection.

In witness whereof I hereunto affix my signature JASON E. HARRIS.

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