US1681255A - Muffler - Google Patents

Description

Au 21, 1928. I 1,681,255

A. H- QUARMBY MUFFLER A 9 Filed Jan. 12, 1925 reamed Au 21, ices.

warren sures ARTE'UR H. QUARMBY, OF LANSING, MICHIGAN.

MUFFLER.

application filed Eanuary 12; 1925. Serial at. 1,961.

The present invention relates to improved mufller constructions for the exhaust from internal combustion engines.

More particularly, the invention relates to an improved type of mufiler for the exhaust of internal combustion engines and like uses in which the pressures and tem eratures of the heated exhaust gases are re need in the mufller to a point where they may be discharged into the atmosphere without the usual bafile arrangements relied upon in the ordinary andwell known forms of such devices.

It is well known that the usual forms of bafiie arrangements for muiiling exhaust gases, or arrangements in which the fiow of gases is reversed, develop back pressures which materially reduce the engine eiiiciency.

Such prior constructions are also of a type which will not permit of ready access for cleaning.

In my improved mufiler a whirling motion is induced in the h ated gases which are rapidly cooled, and a vanced through the muffler without abruptly arresting the advance thereof or reversing the direction of the flow. The whirling action creates a central zone of low pressure due to the centrifugal tendency of the rotating gases, which effects a'material reduction in the back pressure on the engine and produces marked increases in efiiciency of operation of engines when substituted for the present well known mufliers. Gases withdrawn from the central vortex are rapidly cooled and the pressures are progressively decreased in a manner to maintain rapid rotary movement of the exhausted gases and to maintain the central zone of low pressure. The lowered central pressure maintains the exhaust passages clear of free carbon particles and the whirling, rotary motion of the gases tends to maintain the free carbon which is deposited in ordinary bafiie type mufilers,

in suspension. In this manner a large percentage of the carbon which is deposited in the usual baffle type mufflers is withdrawn from the exhaust connections. passes through my improved mother, and is discharged. Accordingly, an object of the invention is the provision of a muffler in which the bark pressures due to mufiling, and the free carbon deposit is reduced to a minimum.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved mufller which may be rapidly and economically constructed. I

Other objects of the invention are such as may be attained by a utilization of the various combinations, subcombinations, and principles hereinafter more fully set forth, and as defined by the terms of the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings-- Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation showing a preferred form of the mufiler construction.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B B of Fig, 1.

Fig. 4 is a perspective'view of the muffler with parts separated to show the construe tion.

The muffler comprises a central tube 1 which is adapted to be secured at one end to the usual exhaust pipe of an internal coinbustion engine in any well known manner, and which extends through end plate 2 of barrel 3. Tube 1 is secured to plate 2 inany well known manner as by soldering, welding or the like, and has formed therein gas outlet slots 4 extending longitudinally in barrel 3. Communicating tangentially with slots 4 are relatively, thin or constricted spirall shaped or curved veins or passages 5 forme of sheet metal which terminate in relatively large tubes or chambers 6. Tube 1 terminates in an end wall 7, flush with the end surface of flange 8 formed on barrel 3, and secured between flange 8 and flange 9 of a discharge chamber 10 is a separating or dividing plate 11, against which the end 7 of tube 1 may abut. Formed integrally and communicating with tubes 6 are extensions or tubes 12. Tubes 12 pass through holes'in plate 11 and are adapted to abut against end 13 of charm ber 10 when the parts are assembled. Each tube 12 has formed therein diametrically opposite slots 14, from which the gases are dis- A charged into chamber 10. To prevent the escape of gases from, or ingress of air to chamber 10 where tubes. 12 pass through plate 11, suitable collars 15 may be formed on tubes 6. Games from the interior of chamber 10 pass outward to the atmosphere through discharge passage 16. To provide a suitable circulation of cooling air in barrel 3 and around the tubes 1 and 5 and veins 6, air inlet openings 17 are provided in plate 2, and air outlet openings 18 are provided in barrel 3 near flange 8.

Operation.

In operation the engine exhaust is discharged into tube 1. The heated gases under pressure then pass tangentially out through slots 4, and veins 5, and are discharged tangentially into tubes 6. The manner of withrawing gases from tube 1 through slots 4 sets 6' up a circular motion of gases and creates a vortex with lowered central pressures, and the manner of discharging into tubes 6 sets up a turbulent rotary action of gases in these tubes. The gases discharged into tubes 6 ex- 10 ,pand and pass forward into extensions 12.

Due to the turbulence and whirling action of in end plate 2 and passing out of barrel 3.

through openings 18. The gasesare cooled in this way at a very rapid rate and the. pressures rapidly decrease as the gases pass outward through the viens 5 from tube 1 maintaining a continued high velocity flow of gases outward from the central act-ion or vortex. In tubes 6 the gases expand and are further cooled,- and pass through tubes 12 and slots 14 into the discharge chamber 10. The manner of discharge into chamber 10 through slots 14 creates a further turbulent action'or agitation of the gases, permits exansion, and causes further cooling and reuction of pressures'to the po nt where the gases will dischar e into the. atmosphere through passage 16 in properly mufiied condition. 7

It will be noted that the gases are given a whirling motion and maintained in turbulent or agitated condition while the action of the gases withdraws a substantial portion of the carbon ordinarily deposited in the engine, exhaust connections and mufller,,by the suction effect by the freedom from-direct obstructions to the flow of gases, and by the turbulent action of the gases which tends to maintain solid particles in suspension so that they are dischar ed with the gases. Because of the freedom afiles the structure readily lends itself .to cleaning. By removing the mufller from the engine, tube 1 may be brushed clean; by removing chamber 10, tubes 12 and '6 may be brushed clean, and b removing plate 11, the

1 the interior of cham r 3 may be cleaned.

It will be understood that many variations of the disclosed structuremay be made by those skilled in the art, all within the scope of the resent invention as defined by the terms of t e appended claims."

Accordingly, having described one preferred embodiment of my invention, what is desired to be secured by Letters Patent and claimed as new is:

1. A mufiler for internal combustion engines, compfising a plurality of substantially parallel tu ular sections arranged around amemos central section designed to receive the en glne exhaust gases, and means to 1nduce a whirling motion in said tubular and central,

sections.

.2. A muflier for internal combustion engines, comprising a plurality of substantially parallel tubular sections arranged around a central section designed to receive the engine exhaust gases, and passages between said sections arranged tangentially to said tubular sections whereby-a whirling motion is set up in said sections.

3. A- muflier for internal combustion engines comprising a plurality of substantially parallel tubular sections arranged around a central substantially tubular, gas receiving section, and passages between said sections, said passages being tangentially arranged with reference to said tubularand central sections whereby a whirling motion is set up in said sections.

4. A mufller for an internal combustion engine comprising a central section into which the engine exhaust gases are discharged, a plurality of outlets formed in the wall of said section, said outlets being relatively narrow in width and of a substantial length compared to the length of said section, a plurality of enlarged sections arranged around said central section, and conduits conforming substantially in cross section to said outlets connecting said central section to said enlarged sections.

5. The combination defined in claim 4 in which. the conduits there s ecified are arranged to receive the gases rom the central section in directions substantially normal to lines drawn from' the longitudinal axis of said section to said outlet.

6. 'The combination defined in claim 4 in which the conduits are arranged to discharge into said enlarged sections in directions that are substantially normal to lines drawn from the longitudinal axes of the enlarged sections to the points of discharge into said sections.

7. The combination defined in claim 4 in which the conduits are curved between their ends, and discharge into said enlarged sections'in directions that are substantially normal to lines drawn from the longitudinal axes of the enlarged sections to the points of discharge into said sections.

8. The combination as set forth in claim 4 .together with a discharge chamber, a plurality of extensions from said enlarged sections into said discharge chamber; and a-passage for said gases from said discharge chamber to the atmosphere.

9. A mufller for internal combustion engines comprising a relatively enlarged cena pluralityof substantially tubular outer sections disposed around said central section;

and a plurality of relatively narrow elongated communicating passages disposed to withdraw gases in substantially tangential manner from said central section and to discharge the same in substantially tangential manner into said outer sections.

10. The combination as set forth in claim 9, together with means for cooling said sections and said assages.

11. The com ination as set forth in claim 9, together with an enlarged discharge chamber into which the gases from said outer sections are discharged; and means for discharging the gases from said discharge section to the atmosphere.

12. The combination as set forth in claim 9 together with slotted tubular discharge extensions for said outer sections; a discharge chamber into which said extensions project; and a passage from said discharge chamber to the atmosphere.

13.' The combination as set forth in claim 9, together with a cooling enclosure for said central and outer sections, air inlet and outlet openings in said cooling enclosure; a detachable discharge chamber secured to said cooling enclosure; a removable plate interposed between said discharge and said cooling chamber, and gas outlets for said outer sections extending through said removable plate into said gas chamber.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

ARTHUR H. QUAE MBY.

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