US1524708A - Pipe or casing tongs - Google Patents

Description

J. yGRANT ET A1.

PIPE OR CASING TONGS Feb. 3. 1925. 1,524,708

Filed Nov. 26, 192'3 2 sheets-sheet 1 '2 Fly. 3'

ATTORNEYS Feb. 3. 1925. Y 1,524,708

J. GRANT ET AL PIPE 0R CASING TONGS Filed NOV. 26, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2

I N V EN TORS ATTORNEYS E in.. r

JoHN GRANT, or Los ANGELES, AND STEWART ncarirsnrnaor BERKELEY, `GALI- FORNIA; SAID CAMPBELL ASSIIGJN'OIB. TOA'SAIDGRANT.

PIPE OR CASING TUNGS.

Application led November 1923. Serial No. 676,987.

T0 @ZZ whom it may concern.'

Be it known that we, JOHN GRANT, a citizen of the United States, and resident oit Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles rand State of California, and STEWART L. CAMPBELL, a citizen oi' the United States, and resident of Berkeley, in the county of Alameda and State of Calitornia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pipe or Casing Tongs, ot' which the following is a specification.

This invent-ion relates to a tool for gripping work and pertains particularly to a Wrench or tongs which is adapt-ed to grip cylindrical work, such as pipe, casing, rods, and the like. The invention, for illustrative purposes, is shown herein as embodied in a casing or pipe tongs commonly employed in oil well work.

The invention has for its principal object the provision of a tool of the character de? scribed, which on being applied to the work will embrace the lat-ter and may be locked thereto, then will grasp the work to prevent relative turning of the work and tooll in either of its directions and will increase the grip with increase of turning stress. Another object of this invention -is to provide a. tool having a gripping device operable at will to initially grip the work against turning in either direction andv to entirely release the grip when so desired. A further object of this invention is to provide a tool having a locking device which may be released by the operator "from the position at the handle of the tool.

These objects together with other objects and corresponding accomplishments are obtained by means of the embodiment of our invention illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the tool in work embracing position with the lock closed and the gripping device in neutral position; Fig. 2 is a side elevation as seen looking in the direction of the arrows Q-2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 5%3 of Fig. 1 showing fragments of the tool on an enlarged scale; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section on an enlarged scale taken on the line 4-4 ot' l Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the tool in work embracing position with the lock just closing, the dotted lines showing the lock jaws in open position; Fig. 6 is a section v showing in full lines the parts and work in embracing positionand the grippingfdevice in neutralk positioin'the dotted .lines showing the gripping device in position'to initially grip the work preparatory to turning` infthe direction shown by thearrow; vand Fig. 7 shows theposition of thefparts asin FV ig.

6 with pressure appliedV to' the handle of the tool to turn the same in the direction of the arrow. j v v j V`Referring morel particularly to the draW- ing, they, handle of the tool'isindicated by A. The jawfhead is' indicated gener'al'lyby B and is adapted to embrace thewo'rk. C indicates generally the lock 'for fastening the jaws together aboutthe work and 'D the gripA device. f i

The handle A is; formed of a lever" 8 at the top of which is a.l pivot bolt 9. To the side 'of the pivot bolts are elongated slots 10 and 10 similar in form. Extending through the elongated slots 10 and 10 are pins 1l and 11. Mountedjupon each pin on opposite sides of the handleV head are links, the pairs of the links beingfindicated by 12 and 12. Spanning each pairof links at the upper end' and connecting them lis a pin'upon which are pivotally mounted jaws 13 and 14. The pins are `indicated by 15 and 15. The pins overhang the ends of the links as bestshown in Fig. 3. Covering the links and jaws are plates 16 and 16 of crescent form. These plates are providedwith elongated slots in which the'pins 15 and 15 are disposed. Ears are provided upon the plates at their edges and' have registering bolt openings so that spacing bolts '17' and 17 which connect` the plates may. be inserted.

The jaws 13' and 14 haveopposing semicircular recesses to receive the work. Toothed dies having teeth facing in opposite .direction are detaehalbly mounted upon. the jaws adjacent the base of the opening. A lip 20 extends from the mouth of the jaw 13, and is arranged to receive a bail 21 which ispivotal1y `mounted upon a lipj22 on jaw 14. `The structure is such that .Whenthe jaws are closed, bail 21 v maybe swung over lip 20 to huold the jaws inV lockedposition. In orderto limit the' opening ofthe jaws, they are provided withstops 23 and 24 arranged to enga-ge the spla'c'ingboltsl and 17. A lean-spring 25 is secured tothe side plates and vbears. upon the ends of bail in Fig. 1.

sition as shown in Fig. 1. An arm 26 is fixed to the bail and extends outwardly, being for the purpose of turning the bail into releasing position against the action of spring 25. Connected to the arm is a line 27 having its otherl end secured to the handle. The line is in such position that by a pull upon it the bail 21 may be swung into open or released position. A pull upon the line 27 not'only tends to release the bail but also to pull the jaw 14: into open position.

Pivotally mounted upon the handle is a lever 28 having a` cam head 29 with an arcuate upper surface arranged to engage the lower surface of link 12 or 12. The high spots of the cam surface are at the extreme edges. 'A `detent pin 30 is mounted in the lever 28 and is arranged to engage a recess in the hiandle 8, when lever 28 is in its central or neutral position.

The tool, preparatory to application to the Work, has its parts in the position shown ln this position, the links 12 and 12 rest against the cam head 29. The jaws may be opened by releasing the bail 21. This is accomplished by pulling upon line 27, turning the bail into the position shown in Fig. 5. A further pull upon the line swings the jaw 14 into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig 5. This pen mits the jaw 13 to swing outwardly, until the stops 23 and 2li on the jaws engage the bolts 17 and 17 thus, limiting the anrount of opening which is so designed as to permit the entrance of the work. Due to the shape of the lips the` tool may be pressed gagainst the work fully opening jaw 13. After the jaw has embraced the work as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, the tool is pressed against the work causing the aws to turn to the closed position shown in Fig. 6. The pull upon line 27 is released permitting the spring 25 to turn the bail into closed position ythereby locking the jaws. Suppiose it is desired to turn the work to the left. The operator turns the handle from the position shown in full lines in Fig. G to that shown in dotted lines. The parts are then in the position shown in Fig. 7. The cam head will have moved the link 12 upwardly and forced the die 19 into the work. Pressure upon the handle 8 in the direction of the arrow in Figs. G and 7 will cause a pull upon link 12, which'is conveyed through bail 21 to jaw 141-. The greater Athe pull the more iinmly the dieV bites into the pipe. The action oi' pressure upon the handle is shown in Fig. 7. Tf it is desired to turn the pipe or work in the opposite direction, lever 28 would have been moved to the right to provide initial gripping of the pipe by die 18. The handle when turned toward the right would cause a pull upon link 12', it being .conveyed through the jaw 14, bail 21 to jaw 13, thereby causing the die 18 tobite into the pipe. When it is desired to release the tongs, the lever 28 is swung into its neutral position thereby permitting the links and jaws to drop. Line 27 is then pulled upon bringing the bail 21 into releasing position. A further pull upon the line swings jaw 111 into open position an-d the tool may be pulled away from the work.

`What we claim is:

1. rTongs comprising in combination spaced plates, a handle pivotally mounted between said plates, opposing jaws mounted between said plates so as to permit pivotal movement and limited lineal movement in said head axially of said handle, means connecting each jaw and the` handle whereby turning the handle will push one jaw against the work and pull t-he other jaw in the opposite direction, means to lock said jaws together, means mounted on said handle to initially push one of said aws against the work.

2. Tongs comprising in combination spaced plates, a handle pivotally mounted between said plates, opposing jaws mounted between said plates so as to permit pivotal movement and limited lineal movement in said head axially ot' said handle, means connecting each aw and the handle whereby turning the handle will push one jaw against the work and pull the other jaw in the opposite direction, means to lock said jaws together, a lever pivotally mounted on said handle and having a cam d'sposed to move said jaws, the contour of said cam being such that when swung to one side it will initially move one of said jaws against the work.

3. Tongs comprising in combinaton spaced plates, a handle pivotally mounted between said plates, opposing jaws mount ed between said plates so as to permit pivotal movement and limited lineal movement in said head axially of said handle, means connecting each jaw andthe handle whereby turning the handle will push one jaw against the work and pull the other j aw in the vopposite direct'on, said jaws being provided with lips, a bail pivotally mounted on one lip and disposed to engage the other whereby to lock said aws together, a spring tending to hold said bail in closed position, an arm on said bail whereby the latter may be turned to release said jaws, a control line leading from said arm to said handle, nie-ans mounted on said handle to initially push one of said jaws against the work.

1. Tongs comprising in combination spaced plates, a handle pivotally mounted between said plates, opposing jaws mounted between said plates so as to permit pivotal movement and limited lineal movement in said head axially of said handle,

means connecting each jaw and the handle whereby turning the handle will push one jaw against the work and pull the other jaw in the opposite direction, said jaws being provided with lips, a bail pivotally mounted on one lip and disposed to engage the other whereby to lock said jaws together, a spring tending to hold said bail in closed position, an arm on said bail whereby the latter may be turned to release said jaws, a control line leading from said arm to said handle, a. lever pivotally mounted on said handle and having a cam disposed to operate said jaws, the contour oi' said cam being such that when swung to one side it will initially move one of said jaws against the work.

5. Tongs comprising in combination spaced plates, a handle pivotally mounted thereon between said plates, opposing jaws mounted between said plates so as to permitpivotal movement and limited lineal movement in said head axially of said handle, links one pivotally secured to each jaw and to said handle, means to lock said jaws toget-her, dies in said jaws for biting into the work, a lever pivotally mounted on said handle and having a cam head disposed to engage the bottoms of said links, the contour of said cam being such that when said lever is swung to one side it will move one of said links to force a jaw with its die against the work and whereby turning the handle will place a tension upon the opposite link.

6. Tongs comprising in combination spaced plates, a handle pivotally mounted between said plates, opposing jaws mounted between said plates so as to permit pivotal movement and limited lineal movement in said head axially of said handle, links one pivotally secured to each jaw and to said handle, said jaws being provided with lips, a bail pivotally mounted on one jaw and disposed to engage the other to lock said jaws together, a spring tending to hold said bail in closed position, an arm on said bail whereby the latter may be turned to release said jaws, a control line leading from said arm to said handle, dies in said jaws for biting into the work, a lever pivotally mounted on said handle and having a cam disposed to engage the bottoms of said links, the contour ot' said cam being such that when said lever is swung to one side it will move one of' said links to force a jaw with its die against the work and whereby turning the handle will place a tension upon the opposite link.

7 Tongs comprising in combination spaced plates, opposing jaws mounted between said plates so as to permit pivotal movement and` the corresponding jaw with its die againstv the work and whereby turning the handle will place a tension upon the opposite link.

8. Tongs comprising in combination spaced plates, opposing jaws mounted between said plates so as-to permit pivotal movement and limited lineal movement in said head aXially of said handle, links one pivotally secured to `each jaw and to said handle, said jaws being provided with lips, a bail pivotally mounted on the lip of one of said jaws and disposed to hook over and engage the other lip whereby to lock said jaws together, a spring tending to hold said bail in position, an arm on said bail whereby the latter may be turned to release said jaws, a control line leading from said arm to said handle, dies in said jaws for biting into the work, a lever pivotally mounted on said handle and having acam head of arcuate shape with the high spots at the sides for engaging the bottoms of said links so that when said lever is swung to one side it will move the link on that side and force the corresponding jaw with its die against the work and whereby turning the handle will place a tension upon the opposite link.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 19th day of November, 1923.

JOHN GRANT.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 8th day of November, 1923,

STEWART L. CAMPBELL,

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