US1503980A - Electromagnetically-operated device - Google Patents

Description

Aug. .5 1924. 31,503,980

E. R. CARICHOFF I ELECTROMAGNETICALLY OPERATED DEVI CE Filed Sept. 18. 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.2.

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Aug. 5 191240 E. R. CARICHOFF ELECTROMAGNETICALLY OPERATED DEVICE Filed Sept. 18 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig.5.

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IT'h/CETTLDOT" 3 Eugene R. Caicho y I /Mw Q His Atto Patented Aug. 5, 1924.

UNITED STATES 1,503,980 PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE IR. CARICHOFF, OF SCHENECTAD'I, NEW YQRK, ASSIGNOR T0 GENERAL ELEC- TRIG COMPANY, A CQ RPORATION 01* NEW YORK. I

ELECTBOMAGNETIGALLY-QPERATED DEVICE.

Application filed September 18, 1920. $eria11to. 411,189.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, EUGENE R. GARICHOFF, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electromagnetically-Operated Devices, of which the following is a specification.

'My invention relates to improvements in clectromagnetically operated devices, and in particular to improvements whereby electromagnetic switches may be manufactured device used cheaply and be nevertheless efiective and reliable in operation. For an understanding of the objects of my invention and the various advantageous features of construction and arrangement, reference is had to the accompanying drawings wherein l have embodied my invention in concrete form for purposes of illustration, and in which Fig. 1 is a side view of an electromagnetic switch; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same; Fig. 3 is a detail of Fig. 1 with certain parts brokenaway showing the relative position of the various parts when the switch is in the closed position; Fig. 4: is a side view of another form of an electromagnetic switch embodying my invention and having normally closed and normally open contacts; Fig. 5 is a plan view of the same; 'Fig. 6 is a sideview of an electromagnetic switch somewhat similar to the switch of Fig. 4 with the switch in its attracted position and its normally open contacts in their closed osition; Fig. 7 is a view of an electromagnetic switch somewhat similar to the switch of Fig. 4: with the switch in its attracted position-and its normally open contacts in their closed position, the essential difference between Fig. 7 and Fi 4 being the provision of a magnetic blowoul arrangement for both the normally "open and the normally closed contacts; and Fig. 8 is a detail showing a resilient stop in connection with certain forms of my invention.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the electromagnetic switch therein shown for the purpose of showing an electromagnetically operated device in accordance with the invention, is provided with an operating winding 10 mounted on the core 11 of" the electromagnet. The magnetic circuit of the electromagnet comprises a magnet frame 12 which serves as a supporting member for the armature member 13. The frame 12 is preferably formed of a stamping of fiat magnetic material bent or otherwise formed, depending upon its size, into the shape of a letter l. with one end of the same secured to the core 11 of the electromagnet by being clamped between the core 11 and the supporting base 14: of slate or other insulating material. The other end of this supporting member is provided with two oppositely disposed apertures or slots or cutaway portions which are adapted to receive the projections or pins 15 which are integral with and form a part of the armature member 13, and comprises one of two integral projecting portions on the lower end of the armature member. This armature member is preferably formed of a stamping of flat magnetic material with a kicked-up end 16, the other integral projecting portion on the end of the armature member, thus providing a portion disposed at an angle to the main'body of the armature member with a rounded edge 17 upon which the armature member rocks to and fro. The kicked-up end 16 provides a stop for the armature member when in the unattracted position, and the armature is biased to the unattracted position by means of a spring 1'? held in place by the bolt 18 which passes through the kicked-up end 16 and the supporting member 12. The bolt 18 has a screw head and the value of current at which the armature will pick up can therefore be adjusted. A resiliently mounted wiping contact 19 is secured to the armature member 13 by means of a bolt 20 and a spring 21. The movable contact 19 cooperates with a stationary contact 22, and the arcs formed between the movable and stationary contacts are disrupted by means of the magnetic blowout having a coil in series with the wiping contacts. This magnetlc blowout comprises the coil 23 and the side straps 24 of magnetic material between which the arc chute 25 of refractory material is secured. These side straps 24 are provided with holes punched out and uniformly spaced so that the strap on one side of the arc chute 25 is identical with the strap on the other side. In other words, the straps are interchangeable, and to that end the straps are provided with two holes, one of which is shown at 26, so that regardless of the side of the arc chute on which the strap is used, a hole will be provided for the reception of the means for securing the stationary contact in place with respect to the movable contact, the arc chute and the blowout coil. These side straps are formed with a bent end 27 which hooks into depressions in the arc chute 25 so as to positively hold the arc chute in position.

As thus constructed and arranged, the operation of my invention is as follows: When the winding 10 is energized, the armature 13 will be moved to its attracted position in engagement with the core 11 of the electromagnet, the armature rocking on the rounded edge 17 at the apex of the angle formed by the end 16, and the kicked-up end 16 operating against the strain of the spring 17. It will be observed that the pins- 15 are slightly bent, and that these pins serve to keep the armature from rocking sidewise with respect to the magnet frame, the pins also serving to maintain the armature in position when the armature is in the unattracted position. The movable contact 19 after making engagement with the stationary contact 22 is given a wiping action therewith by reason of the shape of its contact surface and the resiliency of the spring 21.

Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate the advantages of my invention from the standpoint of manufacturing. Practically all the parts can either be stamped or otherwise formed, depending upon their sizes, from a strip of sheet metal of uniform width and thickness, and the switch lends itself very readily to large scale production. The pin and aperture or the pin and slot hinge connection between the armature and its support is very simple and effective. There are practically no parts that must be very accurately and nicely fitted to each other, and the switch can be ver quickly, assembled. even by those not shilled in e manufacture of switches. The armature ma be stamped or otherwise formed, depen ing upon its size, from a fiat strip of magnetic material, and the desi is such that the armature can be made i machine completel in one operation, or, if desired, two operations, the second operation being that of kicking up the end 16 and bending the pins 15. The holes for the reception of the various bolts, such as 18 and 20, can be stam ed or otherwise formed at the same time t at the armature is originally cut from the stock material. The supportin member 12 is so simple in construction t at it can readily be stamped or otherwise formed in one operation, and the same is true with respect to the side straps 24 of the magnetic blowout device. It will also be noticed that the winding $5001 of the electromagnet ma be very read" y removed from the front 0 the switch by simply removing the bolt 18 so as to thereby remove the armature 13. This is of advantage from a practical standpoint in that in case the switch winding is rendered defective for any reason, a new winding spool may be replaced by a very simple operation without the necessity of removing the switch from its support and practically disassembling the switch.

Referring to F igs. 4 and 5 wherein my invention is embodied in an electromagnetic switch'having normally open and normally closed contacts, the armature 28 of a stain ing of flat magnetic material is bent slightly at its mid-position, and the upper end of the armature carries a resiliently mounted contact 29 which is normall in the open position and the lower end 0 the armature carries a resiliently mounted wiping contact 30 which is normally in the closed position. The magnet frame of the electromagnet which also serves as the supporting means for the armature, comprises the L- shaped stamping 31 which has a pin and slot hinge connection with the armature 28. This pin and slot hinge connection comprises the pins 32 and 33 which cooperate with suitable slots in the armature so as to position the armature with respect to its support and the operating electromagnet 34. The support 31 is provided with a kicked-up end 35 which is disposed at an angle to the main portion of the su port. A rounded surface 36 at the apex of the angle between thekicked-up end 35 and the support 31 provides a bearing surface on which the armature 28 rocks to and fro. The spring 37 cooperates with the kicked-up end 35 and the armature 28, and the bolt 38 secured to the kicked-up end passes through a hole in the armature 28 and holds the parts in place. This resilient means causes the armature to be biased to the'position at which the lower contact is normally in the closed position and the upper contact is normally in the 0 en position. When the winding of the e ectromagnet is energized the armature is attracted to the core of the electromagnet against the strain of the spring. The ar mature 28, the support 31, and the contact fingers may be formed of stampings of flat magnetic material, or these parts may be otherwise made, depending upon their size and the practicability of forming these parts from stampings.

The operation is as follows: Whenthe winding 34 is energized so as to attract the armature 28, the armature will rock on the curved surface 36 against the strain of the spring 37. This will cause the contact 30 to move to the open position and the contact 29 to be moved to the closed position.

By referring to Figs. 6 and 7, it will be seen that my invention readily adapts itself to various forms of switches of this general switch is shown with the armature in the A Laoaeso 8 character, so that by placing theioperating electromagnet below the support for the armature, and by reversing the position of the L-shaped support, the upper contact can be made the normally closed contact and the lower contact the normally open cont-act, It will be observed from this Fig. 6 that the attracted positionr By referring to F ig. 7, it will be seen that the. switch of this figure is substantially like that of Figs. 4: and 5, with the exception that an additional electromagnet 39 is provided for the lower set of switch'contacts. The switch in this figure is shown with the armature in its attracted position. It will be observed from this figure how readily my invention adapts itself to various re uirements, and that the electromagnet 39 aving an independent magnet structure ma be added to the arrangement of the switch of Fig. l without any alteration of the switch shown in t. This electromagnet 39 may be used to hold the upper switch contacts open and the lower contacts closed. fhus, the upper coil and contacts may be used as a line or reversing contactor for a motor and the lower coil and contacts may be used to complete a dynamic braking circuit for the motor and to hold the upper contacts open until the dynamic brahin is completed, This arrangement has t e same advantage as the arrangement described in connection with Figs. 1, 2 and 3, in that the magnet spool is readily removable from the front of the switch without disassembling the switch. The spool may be removed by simply removing the bolt 38, the armature 28, being thereby freely removable from the front of the switch.

The specific form of my invention disclosed in Figs. Al, 5, 6 and 7 and as described above, is claimed specifically in divisional application, Serial No. 654277, filed July 12, 1923.

Referring to F ig. 8, the arrangement for resiliently mounting the switch contacts is shown in detail. ln this figure the armature 20 carries the switch contact a l, and the armature also carries the pin 1-2 which passes through an aperture d3 in the switch contact. Between collars and 45 is mounted a spring 46 on a sleeve 47. When armature.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, l have described the principle operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but

of said projecting portions disposed at an angle to the second portion to form a stop for limiting the movement oi the armature member providing an edge at the apex of the angle thereoi about which the armature rocks, and the second of said projecting D portions serving as the pin part of a pin and slot hinge connection between the sand mem- 2., An electromegnetically operated device comprisin a magnet frame member, an electromagnet supported within the magnet frame, an armature member cooperating with the magnet frame member to complete the magnetic circuit of the magnet, one of said members having two integral angularly disposed projections on one end th reoi which cooperate with slots in the other memher to form a hinge connection between the members, and said member having also an integral central projection disposed at an angle to the body of the member between the said projections which form the hinge connection, the said central projection disposed an angle serving as a stop for limiting the movement of the armature member and providing an edge at the angle thereoi which the armature rocls,

frame member, and resilient means forming a part or the said device for biasing the armature member to the unattracted positron,

4-.. An electromagnetically operated device having a magnetic circuit of stampings from its the end of one of said members kicked up at Y an angle to the main body of the member' leaving an integral projection on each side of the central portion extending from the main body of the member, the said projections passing through slots in the other member to form. a hinge connection between the members, and the said central portion forming a stop for the armature member and an edge at the apex of the angle thereof about which the armature member rocks.

5. An electromagnetically operated device having a magnetic circuit of stampings from a flat strip of magnetic material of uniform width and thickness, the said magnetic circuit comprising an Lshaped magnet frame member and an armature member cooperating with the frame member to complete the magnetic circuit, an electromagnet secured within the angle of the said frame member,.

one of said members having an end with an integral central portion disposed at an angle to the main body of the member and an integral projection on each side of the said central portion extending from the main body of the member, the said projections passing through slots in the other member to form a hinge connection between the members, and resilient means cooperating with the said control portion of one of the members and the (other member for biasing the armature member to the unattracted position and permitting the armature member to move to the attracted position by rocking about the apex of the angle between the said central portion and the main body of the member carrying the said central portion. I

6. An electromagnetically operated device comprising an L-shaped magnet frame member formed of a stamping of flat magnetic material, an electromagnet within the angle of the magnet frame, an armature member biased away from the electromagnet and.

formed of a stamping of flat magnetic material, cooperating with the magnet frame to complete the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet, one of said members having an integral projection which cooperates with an aperture in the other member to form a hinge for the armature, and one of said members having a rounded surface on which the armature rocks.

7 An electromagnetically operated device comprising a magnet frame member, an electromagnet within the frame, an armature member cooperating with the magnet frame to complete the magnetic circuit of the magnet, one of said members having two projections cooperating with corresponding apertures in the other member to form a hinge connection for the armature with the magnet frame, and a rounded surface on the member having the said projections on which the armature rocks;

8. An electromagnetically operated device comprising an electroma net, an L-shaped magnetic frame member t erefor formed of a stamping of flat magnetic material, an armature member formed of a stamping of flat magnetic material cooperating therewith to complete the magnetic circuit of the magnet, a hinge connection between the members formed by an integral part of one member passing through the other member, and a kicked-up end on one of the members having the said integral part providing a bearing surface at the apex of the angle between the said kicked-up end and the main body of the said member having the said integral part on which the armature rocks.

9. An electromagnetically operated device comprising an electromagnet, a magnet frame' member, an armature member cooperating therewith to complete the magnetic circuit of the magnet, a connection between the said members for positioning them with respect to each other, one of said members havlng a portion disposed at an angle to the main body thereof to provide an edge at the apex of said angle between the said portion and the main body of the member on which the armature rocks, and resilient means cooperating with one of said members and the said portion disposed at an angle on the other member for biasing the armature member to the unattracted position.

10. An electromagnetically operated device comprising an e ectromagnet, a magnet frame member, an armature member cooperating therewith to complete the magnetic circuit of the magnet, a pin and slot hinge connection between the members, one of said members having a portion disposed at an an 1e to the main body thereof pro-V viding a caring surface at the apex of the angle on which the armature member rocks, and resilient means cooperating w1th one of said members and the said portion disposed at an angle on the other member for biasing the armature member to the unattracted position.

11. An electromagnetic device comprising an electromagnet having an armature member and a magnetic frame member, one of said members having inte al projections cooperatin with correspon ing slots in the other mem er forming a hinge connection between the members, the'member having the projections also having a portion disposedat an angle to the main body thereof between the said projections providing a bearing surface on which the armature member rocks, and resilient means cooperating with one of said members and the said portion at an angle on the other member for biasing the armature member to the unattracted position.

12. An electromagnetic device comprising a magnet frame, an armature biased to the unattracted position supported by the frame, the said armature formed of a stamping of flat metal with integral projections passingthrough corresponding apertures in the magnet frame to form a hinge connection, and a kicked-up end between the said projections forming a stop for the armature and having a rounded portion on which the armature rocks. V J

13. An electromagnetic device comprising an electromagnet, an armature formed of a stamping of fiat magnetic material, an L- shaped magnet frame member formed of a stamping of fiat magnetic material and having one end secured to one end of the core of the electromagnet and the other end forming a support for the armature adjacent the other end of the said core, the said armature having integral projections cooperating with corresponding apertures in the magnet frame to form a hinge connection between the armature and the frame and a kicked-up end between the said projections acting as a stop for the armature and having a rounded edge at the bend of the kicked-up portion on which the armature rocks, and resilient means cooperating with the kicked-up end and the support for biasing the armature to its unattracted position.

14. An electromagnetically' operated device havin a substantially fiat strip of magnetic material of substantially uniform width and thickness, the said magnetic circuit comprising an L-shaped magnet frame'and an armature cooperatin with the frame to complete the magnetlc circuit, an electroa'magnetic circuit formed of magnet secured within the angle of the said frame, the central portion of the end of said armature kicked up at an angle to the main body of the armature forming a stop for the armature and an edge at the apex of the angle thereof about which the armature rocks, leaving an integral projectionon each side of the central portion extendin from the main body of the armature, the said projections passing through slots in the said frame to form a hinge connection between the frame and said armature, and resilient means cooperating withthe said frame and the said central portion of the armature. for biasing the armature to the unattracted position.

In witness whereof, I have'hereunto set my hand this 16th day of September, 1920.

EUGENE R. CARIOHOFF.

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