US1592313A - Gyratory cone crusher - Google Patents

Description

July 13 1926.

E. B. sYMoNs GYRATORY CONPLCRUSHER July 13 1926.

E. B. SYMONS GYRATORY GONE ,CRUSHER Filed June 4. 1925 E4 I Q 3 Sheets-Shed. 2

Patented July 13, 192e.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDGAR B. SIMONS, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO SYMONS BROTHERS COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATIONOF SOUTH DAKOTAn GYRATORY GONE CRUSHER.

Application led June 4, 1925. Serial-No. 34,795.

l My invention relates to improvements in gyratory coal crushing machines of the t pe in which the material to be crushed is ged, or is allowed to flow by gravity, through a crushing zone between a normally fixed concave and a cone gyrating within the concave.,

. One object of my invention is to provide a new and improved type of gyratory frame A1 provided at its base with the hor- Y crusher adapted for fine crushing. Another object is to provide such a crusher wherein means are provided to permit a very fine adjustment of cone and concave. Another object is to provide opposed yieldingly supported crushing elements in such a crusher. Another object is to provide ayieldingly supported crushing concave, Another object is to provide a gyratory crusher for fine reduction, which can be set for small sizes of output without risk of Stoppa e or breakage upon the passage through t e crushing zone of relatively large masses of uncrushable material. Another object is to provide a simple and effective oiling system to prevent the entry of dust, water or other foreign materials into the bearings, and to prevent oil leakage.

Other objects will appear rom time to time in the course of the specification and claims.

My invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a vertical axial section with parts broken away;

Figure 2 is a detail section of the portion not shownA in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional plan view section on the line 3 3 of Figure 1;

Figure `4 is a vertical axial section of the upper part of the Crusher showing a modified construction; and

Figure 5 is a detail section of a variant type of concave.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specification and drawings.

A is a bed or support upon which rests a zontal reinforcing flange A2 and strengthened by the. vertical reinforcing flanges A. Projectin inwardly from the frame A1 are the rada flanges or ribs or frame members A4, which join and support the central cylindrical housing B.,

. The housing or cylinder B is outwardly expanded adjacent its upper end, as at B1. A suitable bearin member or sleeve B2, of suitable anti-triatlon material, for example bronze, penetrates the upper end of the cylinder, its outwardly projecting flange Bs resting upon the to B* of the cylinder.

The bottom of t e cylinder is closed,` for example by the cap; C, which may be bolted as at C1, and which supports the lower bearing sleeve or anti-friction member C. The

top of the cap C is provided with any suit-` able ant-i-frictional surfacing, herein illustrated as the inset blocks C, of any suitable but preferably highly wear resistant antifrictional metal, for example, bronze.

, Penetrating the cylinder B in bearing contact with the sleeves B2 and C2 is the eccentric sleeve D. It is .provided at its upper end with the outwardly projecting ring gear D1 inclosed within the space defined `.by the wall B1 and projecting outwardly and downwardly beyond the upper edge BI of the cylinder. If is provided at one point in its periphery with the upwardly hollow enlargement D2, adapted to receive a variable quantity of lead or other heavy material D3.

The sleeve D is eccentrically apertured from theftop to the bottom, the aperture comprising, for example, an upper bore D4 of maximum diameter, an intermediate bore D's of intermediate diameter, and a lower bore D of minimum diameter, beneath which is the somewhat enlarged aperture or j locks C1. It is centrally apertured as at D11, and is provided with an eccentric stud or. upward rojection D12 adapted to engage the oppose aperture D18 in the bottom of the sleeve D.

The cylindrical housing B is at one side provided with the outwardly projectin shaft housing E, herein shown as integra with it. Mounted there-within is the shaft supporting sleeve E1 bolted to the main frame, for example, as at E2. The sleeve VE1 is enlarged or socketed at .either end,

as at E, E4, to receive the anti-frictional bearings or bushings E5, E". Mounted in -said bearingl is the drive shaft\E, to the lnner end of which is keyed the beveled pinion EB in mesh with the gear D1. The outer' bushing E6 is contacted by the ring E, of angular cross-section, which in turn is surrounded'by the flanged plate E10 bolted to the outer end of the sleeve E1. E12 is a pulley keyed to the shaft E.

`The shaft continues beyond the bearing E and the pulley E12, being received in the bearings G, G1. suitably mounted upon the support G2. Gr3 is a housing or' casing integral with such support and housing the beveled pinion G4 keyed to the shaft E7. In mesh with it is the beveled pinion GrIS keyed to the vertical shaft Gr6 housed within the support G2. At the lower end of said shaft Gr6 is any suitable 'rotary oil pump, herein diagrammatically illustrated as at G.

The top of the housing B is closed by the cover plate H- which is provided with the spherical bearing portion H1, herein shown as of some suitable anti-friction material` suchas bronze, which may be removed and renewed. Surrounding the bearing portion H1 is the circumferential well or sump H2, beyond which is the spherical bearing portion H2 provided with any suitable washer or oil wiping member H4. H5 `is a passage from the sump H2 adapted to deliver the oil containedtherein to the parts inclosed by the housing B1.

Mounted in the eccentric D is the shaft J, comprising an intermediate tapered portion J1, an upper cylindrical portion J2 of minimum cross-section, a central cylindrical portion Js of maximum diameter, and the cylindrical sections of progressively reduced `di ameter, J4 and J 5. The portions J2, J4 and J 5 of the shaft are contained within the portions D4, D5 and De, respectively, of the aperture of the eccentric D. The shaft is axially apertured as at J, the aperture extending from the bottom of the shaft to a point within the inclined portion J1.l JI is an oil passage extending laterally from it to the outside of the shaft adjacent its top. J 2 and J 2 are similar lateral oil ducts positioned, respectively, just beneath the termination of the cylindrical sections J 2 and J4.

The shaft axially engages the sleeve K of bronze or other suitable anti-friction material. The cross-section of its interior aperture conforms to the cross-section of the various portions of the shaft, but the apertureof corresponding bore in each case continues below the termination of the corresponding cylindrical shaft section, as at K1 and K2. The open spaces so formed are aligned with the oiling ducts J 2 and J9, re-

v spectively. K1o is an oiling passage in the eccentric D aligned with the oiling duct J9 and the annular space K2 and communicating with the interval or space K12 between the upper and lower anti-friction members B2 and C2. K14. is a vertical key extending from top to bottom of said sleeves. K1s is a vertical key let in the inside surface D4 of the eccentric D, and adapted to prevent relative rotation of the sleeve K and the eccentric D.

L is a crushing cone seated upon the tapered portion J1 of the shaft. It is provided with an integral spherical bearing portion L1, adapted to conform to and to engage the opposed spherical bearing surface H1 on the cap H. It is provided with an integral downwardly and outwardly projecting skirt L2, inwardly projecting from which is the annular flange Ls provided with the spherical bearing surface L4 concentric with the surface L1 and adapted to engage the packing H4 of the member H. The surface L1 is broken by a circumferential oil duct L, which is connected by means of the radial duct L7 with the central aper- .ture of the cap H. The hollow interior L1o of the head communicates with the oil duct J7 andv is provided with an oil duct L12 leading to the circumferential oil channel or duct L, at an angle of 180 from the duct L.

M, M1 are mantle members mountedon the head L and directly contacting, for example, the zinc layer M2. M3 is a securing sleeve slidable along the upper cylindrical portion J2 of the shaft and provided with a downwardly and outwardly flaring or conic portion M4, adapted to engage the upper edge of the mantle section M1, but normally out of engagement with the head L. The upper end of the shaft is screwthreaded, as at M5, and is surrounded by the locking sleeve or nut M6, screwthreaded in conformity with it. M7 are handles or turning studs whereby the -nut M6 may be rotated to exert a downward thrust against the sleeve M2. and thus against the mantle section M1 and the head L. M8 is any suitable key member adapted to be inserted between the nut M and the screw-threaded portion of the shaft, to prevent their further relative movement.

The upper end of the shaft is axially apertured as at N, to receive the stub N1 of the deflector plate N2. The plate consists of the central spherical portion N3 concentric with the bearing surfaces L1 and L8, their common center being the point indicated as X. N4 is a relatively liattened rim outwardly projecting from the spherical portion N2. The deflector plate is preferably but not necessarily acasting.

Slidably mounted within the lower fixed frame portion A1 is the upper axially mov able frame member O. It is provided with a plurality of outwardly projecting ears O1, preferably three in number, apertured as at O2, the upper and lower portions of such apertures being beveled as at O3, O4. P are Mounted on the bolt P are the upper and lower securing nuts P4, P5, beveled to conform to the beveled' surfaces O5 and O4. It will be understood that Jthe bolt P is of smaller cross-section that the aperture O2. P is any suitable key or locking member adapted to prevent rotation of the nut P5. The member O terminates in an inwardly irned flange O10, upwardly beveled as at Resting upon the upper edge of the member O is the ring Q, provided with the concentric beveled-walled grooves Q1, Q2, the outer of which conforms generally to Ithe shape of the upper edge of the frame member O. The ring Q is centrally flanged as at Q8 about its interior aperture, and is pro-v vided'with the strengthening ribs Q4. It is i apertured at a number of properly spaced points to permit the passage therethrough of the bolts Q5, supported in position, for example by the nuts Q5. Supported by said bolts within the member O is the ring- Q7, supporting the concave QB, and provided with the circumferential ridge Q9 conforming generally to the shape ofthe groove Q2 of the ing'Q. Q10 is any suitable cover plate for the ring Q and Q11, Q12 are separate mantle sections supported in position, for example by t-he outwardly projecting ears Q13 mounted upon-the bolts Q5. The mantle section Q8 terminates in a circumferential flange Q14, through which pass the bolts Q5. Q15 is astop ring of angular crosssection adapt-ed to be seated against the flange 01 of the frame or housing port-ion O. Q15 are spiral springs adapted to be compressed between the flange Q14 and said ring Q15. The bolts P are upwardly reduced as at R, and are provided with supporting nuts R1,'upon the upper surfaces of which seat the terminal portions R2 ofthe arms R3 which support the ring R4 of the apron R5. The apron is preferably although not necessarily, form-ed of flexible material, such as belting. R6 is the centrally positioned feed spout connected to the ring RA1 in any suit-- ablev manner, and R7 is any suitable cover plate. R8 is a housing, for example of sheet iron, seated upon the flange Q3 of the ring Q and upwardly projecting about the flexible apron R5. R10 is any suitable key adapted to prevent rotation of the nut R1.-

S is any suitable oil tank, from which exj tends the oil feed line S1, through which oil may be passed, for example by the rotary pump G1 earlier described. The oil line S1 extends to the cap C and through the pas-l sage S2 therein and through the central aperture S5 and the aperture D11 through the plate D1". S1o is the return line passing through the shaft housing E, through the pipe Section S12, and thereby back to the oil tank S. It communicates with-the space S1', in which is positioned the beveled pinion E8. S16 is a ledge formed in the upper part of the same chamber and communicating by an oil duct S18 with the bearings of the shaft E1.

It will be realized that whereas I have dcscribed and shown an operative device nevertheless many changes may be made in the size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spirit of my invention, and that I therefore wish my drawings' and description to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative, rather than as limiting me to my specific showing.

In the alternate form shown in Figure 4, I illustrate a type of cru-Sher in which the cone as well as the concave is yieldingly mounted.

The bearing cap a is spherically formed upon its upper side as at c and supports a babbitt facing c1, which provides a non-frictional supporting surface for the opposed spherical bearing surface c2 of the head c5. The head c5 is centrally apertured, and seats upon the upper tapered surface c5 of the gyratory shaft c", the lower section 01 of which penetrates within the eccentric aperture of the sleeve b and is mounted within an inner babbitt bearing 08. The head is provided with a skirt 01 bolted or otherwise removably secured to the ledge 011 about the head and terminating in a spherically surfaced flange 012 adapted to engage the oil packing ring 015 in a spherical bearing surface e which is concentric with the main spherical bearing.

Theupper end of the head is surrounded by a ledge d which is arcuate in cross-section as at d1, the arcuate portion forming a bearing or tilting support for the open bottomed, hollow crushing cone d2, which is inwardly flanged at the top, as at d5, about its central aperture, to conform generally to the shapel of the ledge. The periphery of the cone is reinforced, for example, by a cylindrical section d1, although other reinforcing might be used.

Mounted upon the hollow cone is a mantle comprising a plurality of conical rings e, e1, which may be of manganese steel or other suitable `material. e4 is a securing or pressure transmitting ring adapted to engage the uppermost manganese ring and to 'conform to its angular irregularites. The manganese rings may rest ,directly upon the mantle but are preferably lsupported upon a layer of Zinc or other suitable material e5.

I provide' unitarv means for holding the nut g is screwthreaded upon the upper ortion of the shaft c and may be ocke in position, for example by the key g2. Between it and the mantle cone and head are compressed a plurality of sets of powerful springs, comprising an outer spiral spring g3 and an inner spiral spring g4, the outer and inner springs being of opposite pitch. These sets of springs. are compressed between the opposed spring seats g5, g1. The spring seat gis seated by the pressure of te spring against the lock nut g and is provided with a downwardly projecting sleeve g?, in which are a plurality of apertures g8. Upwardly projecting from the lower spring seat g is a central sleeve g1", the upper end of which is provided with teeth or lugs which mesh with the apertures g? and prevent relative rotation of the two spring seats. The bottom of the spring seat g8 is provided with a spherical bearing surface g11 opposed to and conforming to the spherical surface g12 of the ring 913, the bottom of said ring 913 being in engagement with the to of the ring e1. Projecting upwardly an slightly outwardly from the ring g1, and surrounding the springs, is the cylindrical or slightly conical casing h, which sup orts the feed plate 71.1, the upper surface ofP which forms a very fiat cone.

The plate 11.1 is positioned above and out of contact With the nut g and the top of the shaft c. It will be understood that vthe cone, mantle and feed plate can move only as a unit, owing to the pressure of the springs g3, g1.

he use and operation of my invention are as follows:

When the machine is set u as shown in the drawings the drive shaft 1s rotated and causes the eccentric sleeve to rotate in its bearing. As the eccentric rotates it gyrates the shaft, and through the shaft it gyrates the cone or crushing head about its large spherical bearing. Upon the cone is mounted the mantle which actually engages the material being crushed. The mantle portions are seated upon the cone and the cone is seated upon the shaft by means of the clamping sleeve 'and the screwthreaded nut.

Since I use my crusher for fine reduction and wish to set the cone very close to the mantle, I provide a yielding release which will permit the passage through the. crushing zone of uncrushable material, when by any chance it passes therethrough, without either stopping the machine or causing breakage. I obtain this result by providing \a spring release for the crushing concave.

I suspend the concave by means of a set of bolts passing through the plate or ring Q and depending from it and passing throu h the circumferential fiange Q14 about t e bottom of the concave. The mantle is locked in position by the same bolts by means of the ears Q13, through which the bolts also pass. The strength of the spiral springs Q16 is such that, under all normal conditions, the concave is fixed in position and will not be moved at all by the pressures incident to normal crushing operation. However, the springs are 'suiiciently yielding to permit movement of the concave when unbreakable f material passes through, and they will yield sufficiently rapidly to prevent breakage of any ofthe parts or stoppage of the machine. The ring Q7 is normally drawn up by the bolts into such position that the beveled ange Q is seated within the beveled-walled groove Q2, and the ring Q7 or concave and the grooved ring Q will from that timel on act as one piece. If a non-crushable substance is introduced between the cone and the concave, causing the concave to he lifted on one side, the Hange Q14 will raise and compress the springs, because the angle ring Q1l5 is held rigidly to place by the holding bolts Q5 and the flange O10. The concave and the ring Q lift as a unit and pivot about a point diametrically opposed 4to the location of the interfering object, the beveled-upper edge of the ring O serving as the pivot. Thus, if a piece of iron passes through the crushing zone, the concave, instead of cracking, will tilt, and it will tilt before the machine can be stopped by the obstruction. If the material being :rushed is damp and compresses into an uncrushable mass, the mac ine will not tend to stop, as is the case with unrelieved crushing members, but the only unfavorable result will be that a little over-size and a few flakes of compressed material will pass through the crushing zone.

The material to be crushed is fed in from above, falling freely under gravity into the crushing space between the concave and the cone. As the cone vgyrates, the material being crushed will be wedged or pinched between it and the concave and each particle, as soon as it has been crushed, will commence to fall freely away from the concave, the distance of its fall depending on the relation between the acceleration due to gravity, the rate and length of gyration of thecone, and the size of the particle. The' particles will fall vertically until they strike the cone and will then he deected outwardly and downwardly until they reach a point at which the distance between the cone Y l"Lasagna vided by means of a plurality of adjusting screws, preferably three innumber. These screws are pivotcd upon a fixed base A1 but are held normally in vertical position. They loosely engage the apertures of the ianges of the vertically mov-able frame member U. The said frame member is adjusted for height in the following manner :v The lower nuts P* are positioned at the desired height and the frame member O is'lowered int-o contact therewith. The upper` nuts P5 are then rotated into proper position and locked against 4further movement, for example by the keys P. yWhen it is desired to make an adjustment of the frame member O, it can be done by successively adjusting its 'relation with each of the holding bolts. lIn such case the upper nut P5 is releasedand moved upwardly along the bolt 'to the desired height, and the ear O1 is raised `to contact the bottom of the n ut P5, and the nut P* is then screwed up to the proper position. Since there is something of a play` between the apertures of said ears and 'the supporting bolts, it is possible to make the adjustments one at a time, without even stopping the operation of the crusher.

The material to'be crushed may, if desired, be permitted to accumulate in any suitable species of ho per or container above l the cover plate R". n any case the material flows' through. the central aperture and forms a column resting lon the feed or defiector plate N2. This'eolumn isof generally conic form and material from its base is continu- .'ously fed outwardly by the rotation and -be vertically adjusted along thereduced por-V gyration of the plate. The cover plate may tions It of the supporting bolts P, as shown, in order to regulate the flow of materlal to the feed plate. When so adjusted the feed plate willpfeed a substantially constant volume of material to the 'crushing zone, the material being delivered substantially uniformly about the annular entrance into the l crushin zone, the point 'of maximum feed being t e lowest-point of the edge of the plate, and moving around the plate as'the plate is gyrated.

By making the apron Rls iex-ible, I prevent any tendency of binding or wear between said apronand vthe housing R8, which is preferably fixed in Arelation to the ring Q, and, of course, moves with it when the ring Q is tilted in response to the passage of uncrushable. material through the crushing zone.

' The oiling system is simple and'entirely concealed and internal, the oil Vbeing supplied toall bearings from a Single oil reservoir. Oil is pumped in any suitable manner from 'the oil tank upwardly through the central aperture J6 of the shaft J. The

centric D, is centrally apertured in line with the central oilin aperture S3. Oil passes upwardly throng the length of the shaft J and then laterally outwardly, through the oil duct J1, into the central space of the head. It passes downwardly therethrough by the oil duct L12 to the circumferential oiling ring or passage L, formed inthe spherical earing surface L1 of the head. Oil is wiped back and. forth across the opposed antifrictional s herical member H1, and also liows inwardly along the duct L", formed in the' surface of the head, to the central aperture of the cap H. The groove L7 is cut in the bottom of the spherical surface or ball along a radius 180 removed from the point of connection between the oil duct L12 and the circumferential passage L". This allows'the oil to spread under the wearing surfaces as the head is gyratevd, the overflow returning to the central oil cavity along the duct L. To oil the inner eccentric bear.- ing, I provide two oil ducts, J8 and J, .which permit the oil to pass outwardly from the central pasage J 1.

.In order to carry out the characteristic crushing function of my device, an excursion or throw vof the crushing head is desired many times that of the normal gyratory Crusher, and in .order to balance this large of a iange cast on a gear and adapted to -receive the lead or other heavy metal. By

determining the number of ounds that is to be used as a balance weig t, the weight of lead necessary can be predetermined and the desired quantity is melted and poured into place. e

The deflector or distributing plate N2, which is preferably but not necessarily a casting, is formed withv a s herical center portion, the center of the spl erical portion eing the intersection of t e axes of the shaft J and the cylindrical central housing B, viz: the point X. One object in providin a distributing orxdeector plate of sp erical form is to prevent any tendency ofthat portion of the. plate which is positionedunder the edges of the feed spout R6 from risi'n and falling, causing the lfeed s out and t e cover plate It7 to be lifted with t e material.

The deliector plate is made of substantially the same or even of slightly greater diameter than the upper opening to the crushing cavity. The purpose of this is to the deflector plate to surface of the cone and thus acquiring excess speed and momentum.. The fall of the material is j preferably broken, for example by the plate Q10. In practice the particles are cauglt upon the plate Q10 and when relatively e material is being fed, theybuild up until they owinwardly and downwardly along the angle of repose of the material so accumulated. The articles thus incline inwardly as they fal and tend to strike the apex of the cone.

It will be noted that the concentric apertures of the grooved ring Q are beveled and made to lit the opposing portions of the member O and the ring Q7 on two sides. This is done to prevent the ring Q from becoming worn. The joint tends to wear into a fit rather than out of a fit, so that in an older machine there will be no more play than 4in a new machine.

Also,.the flanges Q and 01 are suliciently truncated to avoid contact v with the bot'- toms of the opposed groves Q1 and Q2. Suficient space 1s allowed so that the opposed inclined surfaces will always bein contact, even through the metal may stretch and wear.

Whereas in the form of Figure l relatively large material may be reduced to varying neness with a minimum of nes or degradation and a minimum of contact between particle and particle, in the form of Figure 5 I am able to convert my crusher into a pulverizer, by merely varying the angular relation of cone and concave. In the form shown I provide a cone and concave the crushing surfaces of which are parallel substantially from top to bottom. I preferably feed to the crushing zone relatively fne material. feed to it material finer than the maximum opening at the top of the crushin zone, and when so use-d my crusher maygb ployed to replace the so-called intermediate crushers. It will take material already re-` duced to any size below say 3/4: of an inch, for example, and will break 1t up by repeated impacts of cone against bowl, the material being thus reduced by successive crushing strokes each terminating in an equal and ve'r close approach of cone to concave, althoug the actual carrying stroke increases from top to bottom of the cone. The material is finely reduced by the successive impacts, and packs into clods or flakes of fine particles. As they are released, the Hakes rop upon the cone and are broken up, and again recrushed. The clodding or packing and the repeated impacts, each impact terminating in a close approach of cone to concave, result in amaximum indin or crushing of particle againstv partlcle, an the product is practically-a powder. Owing to the spring release the cone and concave may be set practically to contact from top to bottom.

en the concave yields, it rotates about `a point on the opposite side of the concave from that where the compression is taking place. Since the concis either fixed on the crushing head or rotates about a different centerthe result is a lateral movement of For example I may concave in relation to cone which causes a very effective grinding action.

I claim:

1. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyrating it, a concave surrounding said cone and a fixed su port thereforl and yielding. means for ho ding said concave normally in fixed position against such support, said means being adapted to permit movement of said concave in response to a predetermined pressure@ thereagainst in excess of normal crushing pressure.

2In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyrating it, a concave surrounding said cone and a fixed support therefory and yielding means for holding said concave normally in fixed position against such support, said means being adapted to permit lateral movement vof said concave in response to a predetermined 4pressure thereagainstin excess of normal crushing pressure.

3. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone .and means for gyrating it, a concave surrounding said cone and yielding means for holding said concave normally-in fixed position, sai-d concave being mounted for tilting movement in response to a predetermined pressure thereagainst. p

In a gyratory crusher, a frame, a cone supported by said fra-me and means for rating it, a concave supported by said rame, and a connection between said concave and said frame, normally rigid, but adapted to ermit yielding movement of concave in re ation to frame, in response to predetermined pressure against the crushing face of the concave.

5. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing frame, a cone mountedtherein and means for gyrating it, a tiltably mounted concave surrounding said cone, and a yielding connection between said concave andsaid frame comprising a plurality of springs compressed between said concave and the frame. l 6. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing frame, a cone mounted therein and means for gyrating it, a tiltably mounted concave surrounding said cone, and a yielding connection between said concave and said frame comprising a plurality of vertically disposed coil spring compressed between said concave and said frame.

7. In a' gyratory crusher, a crushing frame, a cone mounted therein and means forv gyrating it, a tiltably mounted concave surrounding said cone, a yielding'ccnnection between said concave and said frame comprising a plurality Aof sfprin s compressed between the lower edge o sai concave and said frame, supporting bolts ali ed with said springs and adapted normal y to support the lower edge of said concave, and a .frame and means for gyrating it, an inverted bowl surrounding and overhanging said cone, a supporting connection between,

said bowl and 'said circumferential frame comprising 1n part a supporting ring resting upon said frame, supporting members connecting said ring and said bowl, and yielding means interposed between said bowl and said frame and adapted normally to constrain said bowl and said supporting ring totheir lowest possible positions 'in relation to theframe.

9. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone, a member upon which it is supported and means for gyrating it, a concave surrounding said cone, saidi'concave being normally fixed in position, said cone being normall fixed in relation to the member upon whic i it is supported, holding means adapted to permit relative movement vof said cone in relation to its supporting member, and holding means adapted 'to permit relative movement of said concave in relation to the crusher, lin response to predetermined pressures thereagainst.

10. In a gyratoryV crusher, a crushing cone, a member upon which it is supported and means for holding the cone normally in rigid relation with said member, means for gyrating said cone supporting member, a concave surrounding and overhanging said cone and a supporting member therefor, said .concave being normally'in rigid relation with said supporting member, and means interposed between said cone and its sup-- porting member and between said concave and its supporting member, adapted to permit movement of saidlcone and said concave in relation to said supporting members,

'in response to predetermined pressures `in the crushing zone.

11. In a V'gyratory Crusher, a crushing frame, a concave yieldingly mounted on said frame, a cone within said concave, and means for gyrating it, said cone being yield- 4 ingly mounted.

12. In a gyratory Crusher, a frame, an eccentrically apertured sleeve mounted therein and means for rotating it, a gyratin shaft adapted to penetrate the aperture o said sleeve, said shaft and sleeve having a plurality7 of opposed, stepped bearing surface sections of successively smaller diameter.

13. In a gyratory Crusher, a frame, an eccentrically apertured sleeve mounted therein and means for rotating it, a gyratin shaft adapted to penetrate the aperture o said sleeve, said shaft comprising a plurality of generally cylindrical stepped sec-A tions of successively smaller diameter, the aperture of said sleeve being stepped to conform thereto.

14. In a gyratory Crusher, a frame, an eccentrically apertured sleeve therein and means A gyrating shaft adapted to penetrate the aperture of said sleeve, said shaft comprising a luralit of stepped sections of suc- Cessive y sma ler diameter, the successive stepped portions of the shaft being spaced from the corresponding ledges intermediate the successive stepped portions of the aperture.

15. In a gyratory* crusher, an upwardly tapered gyratory shaft, a one-piece conic headseated on said tapered portion, the shaft including a cylindrical portion positioned above the tapered portion, a mantle member seated upon the conic surface of said head, a securing sleeve slidably mounted upon said cylindrical shaft portion and engaging the upper edge of said mantle portion, and means for thrustingit downwardly along the cylindrical portion of the shaft.

16. In a gyratory Crusher, an upwardly tapered gyratory shaft, a one-piecey conic head seated on said tapered portion, the shaft including a cylindrical portion positionedabove the tapered portion, a mantle member seated upon the conic surface of said head, a'securing sleeve slidably mounted upon said cylindrical shaft portion and engaging the upper edge of said mantle portion, and means for thrusting it downmounted for rotating it, a l

wardly along the cylindrical portion of the shaft, comprising in .part a securing nut screwthreaded to the upper portion of said shaft. v

17. For use with a gyratoryl crusher, a feed limiting plate comprising acentral upwardly convex spherical portion and a surrounding rim. y

18. For use with a gyratory crsher, a feed limiting plate having an upwardly convex spherical upper surface.

19. In a gyratory jcrus'her, the combination with a gyratory shaft and means for gyrating it of a deflector .plate and a central stem downwardly extending from said plate, the upper end of the shaft being axially apertured to receive it.

20. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyrating it, a spherical bearing for said cone, a deflector plate, mounted above said cone, having an upwardlyconvex spherical surface, the spherical surfaceA ing for said cone, a deiector plate, mounted above said cone, having an upwardly convex spherical surface, the spherical surface of said plate being concentric with the spherical bearing of the cone, a rim surrounding the spherical portion of said plate and a feed chute vertically aligned above said spherical portion.

y22. In a gyratory crusher, a main frame, a crushing concave and a vertically adjustvable supporting member therefor, apertured and supporting nuts screwthreaded vupon said-bolts above and below 'said ears, and means for holding-them against rotation.

24. In a gyratory crusher, a gyratory Shaft, an eccentrically apertured sleeve ada ted` to rotate it, a gear associated with sai sleeve and a counterweight associated therewith comprising an upwardly open receptacle adapted to receive molten metal.

25. In a gyratory crusher, a ratory shaft, an eccentrically aperturey sleeve adapted to rotate it, a `gear associated with said sleeve and a counterweight associated therewith comprising an upwardly open receptacle adapted to receive molten metal, said receptacle being formed-integrally with said gear. i 5 26.' In a gyratory crusher, a`centrally disposed bearing housing, an eccentrically apertured sleeve positioned within it and means for rotating it, supporting means for said sleeve comprising a plate secured to thebottom of said housing and a bearing connection between .said plate and the bottom of.'

j said eccentric sleeve. t

27 In a gyratory crusher, a. centrally disposed bearing'housing, an eccentrically apertured sleevegpositioned within it and means for rotating it, supporting means forjsaid sleeve comprising a plate secured .to the bottom of said housing, and a bearing connection between said plate and the bottom o f 4said eccentric sleeve comprising friction reducing means on the upper side of said plate, a disk adapted to rotate thereu on and `a supporting connection between sa1d disk and said eccentric sleeve.

28. vIn a gyratory crusher, a centrally disposedbearing housing, anA eccentrically apertured sleeve positioned within and means for rotating it, supporting means for said sleeve comprising a plate 4secured to the bottom of said cylinder, and a. bearing connection being connection between said disk and said ,Said frame.

tween said plate and the bottom of said eccentric sleeve comprising friction-reducing means onthe upper side of said plate, a disk adapted to rotate thereupon, a supporteccentric sleeve, and means for preventing relative rotation of said disk and said sleeve. 29. In a gyratory crusher, a cone and means for gyrating it, a concave surrounding said cone, a deflector plate positioned above said cone, a housing mounted there- Y about, a feed spout positioned above said deflector plate and means for adjusting it in relation thereto, and a flexible apron associated with said feed spout. i

30. In a gyratory 'crusher, a cone and means for gyrating-it, a concave surrounding saidl cone, a deflector plate positioned above said cone, a housing mounted thereabout, a feed spout positioned above said deflector plate and means for'adjusting it in relation thereto, and a flexible apron associated with said feed spout and in telescopic l. relation with said housing. v

31. In a gyratory crusher, a frame, a cone and means for gyrating it, a concave surrounding said cone, supporting means between said concave and said frame, yielding means adapted'normally to hold said concave upon said'supporting means in fixed relationto said frame but adapted to permittilting of said concave in response to a predetermined pressure thereagainst.

32. In a gyratory crusher, a frame, a cone and means for gyrating it, a concave surrounding said cone, supporting means be-- tween said concave and said frame, yielding means adapted normally to hold said concave upon saidv supporting means in fixed relation to saidfframe but adapted to permit movement of said concave in response to a predetermined pressure thereagainst, and a tilting connection between the outer edge of said concave member and the upper edge of 33. In a gyratory crusher, a frame, a cone and means for gyrating it, a concave surrounding said cone, supporting means between said concave and said frame, yielding means adapted normally to hold said concave upon said supporting means in fixed relation to said frame but adaptedto permit movement of said concave in response to a lpredetermined pressure thereagainst, a tilting connection between the outer edge of said 120 concave member and the upper edge of said frame, the concave member being channeled to receive the up' er edge of theframe, the bearin surfaces Eeing inclined. 34. n a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyratin it, and a concaveA surroundin said cone, t e opposed surfaces of cone ang concave bein parallel throughout the greater part of t eir length, one of the opposed surfaces being fiared away from 130 the other along the upper portion of the crushing zone defined by theopposed surfaces.

35. In a gyratory crusher, a pair of opposed crushing elements, the mean distance between which is substantially equal throughout the greater part of their length, comprisin a crushing concave, a cone mounted t erewithin, means for gyrating it, and yielding securing means for one of said crushing elements, adapted to permit it to move laterally. away from the other in re sponse to a predetermined pressure thereagainst.

36. In a g'yratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyrating it, a concave surrounding said cone, the opposed surfaces ot cone and concave being parallel throughouty the greater part of their length, feed restricting -means adaptedl to control fthe delivery of A and a yielding release associated with one of said crushing. elements. I

37. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyrating it, a concave surroundin said cone, the opposed surfaces of cone an concave being parallel throughout the greater part of their length, and supporting means for such concave adapted to hold it normally against movement, but adapted to release itv for movement away from said cone in response to a predetermined crushing pressure, said concave being mounted to tilt about a center on the side opposite the point of application of such crushing pressure.

38. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyrating it, a concave sur? rounding said cone, and supporting means for such concave adapted to hold it normally against movement, but adapted to release it for movement away from said cone in response to a predetermined crushing pressure, said concave being mounted to tilt about a center on the side opposite the point of application of such crus ing pressure.

39. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyratin it, a concave surrounding said cone an supporting means for said concave adapted to hold it normally against movement, and to release it for movement away from said cone in response to a predetermined crushing pressure, said concave being mounted to move vertically sure,

material to the crushing zone,

in relation to said cone as it recedes laterally therefrom.

40. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyrating it, a concave surrounding said cone and supporting means for said concave adapted to hold it normally against movement, and to release it for movement away from said cone in response to a predetermined crushing pressaid concave being adapted to describe an arc, as it recedes from the cone, different from the path described by the cone.

41. In a gyratory crusher, a crushin cone, a spherical support for said cone and means for gyrating the cone, a Iconcave surrounding the cone and supporting means for the concave adapted to hold it normally against movement, and to release it for movement away from said cone in ,response to a predetermined crushing pressure, said concave being adapted to describe an arc, as it recedes from the cone, eccentric from the center of rotation of the cone on its spherical support.

42. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyrating it, an inverted concave surrounding and overhanging' said cone, a feed restricting plate mounted on said cone, the diameter thereof being not less than the diameter of the upper aperture of the concave.

43. In a gyratory crusher, a main frame, a crushing concave and a vertically adjustable supporting member therefor, apertured ears outwardly projecting from said supportin member, a plurality of holding bolts pivot upon said main frame and a apted to penetrate the apertures of said ears, and means associated with the main frame for constraining said bolts to vertical position, comprising transverse pins adapted to penetrate said holding bolts.l

44. In a gyratory crusher, a crushing cone and means for gyrating 1t, and a concave surrounding said cone, the opposed surfaces of cone and concave bein parallel throughout the greater part of the1r length, the concave being outwardly flared away from the cone alon i the upper portion of the crushing zone ened by the opposed surfaces.

Signed at Chicago, county of Cook and State of Illinois, this 22nd day of Ma 1925.

EDGAR B. SYM NS.

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