US1319129A - Henry matthew wells - Google Patents
Henry matthew wells Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1319129A US1319129A US1319129DA US1319129A US 1319129 A US1319129 A US 1319129A US 1319129D A US1319129D A US 1319129DA US 1319129 A US1319129 A US 1319129A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- oils
- acid
- lubricating
- saponifiable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010499 rapseed oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYARBIJYVGJZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-amino-4-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 KYARBIJYVGJZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005608 naphthenic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 shale Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements 1n lubricating oils. It as long been recognized that for many purposes mineral hydrocarbon oils do not lubricate so well as animal or vegetable saponifiable oils and fats and accordingly compounded lubricating oils have been largely used, which consist of mixtures of mineral oils with saponifiable oils and fats...
- the free acid preferably free fatty acid, e. 9., commercial olein containmg' 95% free acid, and or whale oil-fatty acids either hardened or not may be added in quantitles of 1 to 2% to the mineral oil, or the free fatty acid may be incorporated with a small quantity of mineral oil, and this active mixture may be diluted with mineral oil as required.
- free fatty acid e. 9., commercial olein containmg' 95% free acid, and or whale oil-fatty acids either hardened or not
- This active mixture may be diluted with mineral oil as required.
- Many of the advantages of the mvention may be obtained by mcorporatm the free fatty acid with a smallquantity of 11 a saponifiable oil as vehicle but it is desirable to employ mineral oil for this purpose.
- the choice of the free acid is dependent on the lubricating and other properties de- 5 sired. Broadly speaking, the best free organic acid to use is that which is obtained from the fatty oil whose properties it is desirable to reproduce. Thus rape oil and cocoanut oil impart different properties to the compounded oils made therefrom and these properties may also be imparted by adding small quantities of the free fatty acids corresponding thereto.
- the process depends on the principle that lubrication is a function of the capillary properties of the oil.
- a satisfactory lubricant must wet the bearing surfaces so that a thin film of lubricant will tend to move into the constricted areas of great pressure.
- the bean ing surfaces are usually contaminated with a film of moisture and there is a liability to form oxid films.
- the action of the free acid is to 'lower the interfacial tension between oil and water and the mechanism of the process is apparently to allow the oil to displace the water film from the bearing surface.
- the chemical afiinity between the acid and the metallic surface or the oxid film (if present) runs parallel with a similar reduction in interfacial tension which has similar results.
- the action of the free fatty or other acid depends on its molecular weight. If any acid of very low molecular weight Such as butyric acid is used it will exert a deemulsifying efi'ect and we can therefore apply our process to produce non-emulsifiable mineral oils. This is of great im ortanee in certain classes of work where t e oil is violently ag1tated with water and much trouble is experienced through emulsification. On account of the low molecular weight, these acids are much more active and it is not desirable to exceed the limit of 1%.
- Our invention is thus based on adding to a mineral oil a relatively minute amount of a compound which lowers theinterfacial tension between the oil and water in the manner described. 1 v
- Anyhydrocarbon oil ma beu'md, e. 9., from; petroleum, coal tar, s ale, colophony,
- the invention may be applied to improve the lubricating properties also the emulsifying and or the deemulsifying properties of mineral oils.
- a non-emulsifying oil is prepared by adding 0.8% of butyric,- cinnamic or an oilsoluble' sulfonic acid to hydrocarbon oil. Certain naphthenic acids also exert this deemulsifying efiect.
- An emulsifying oil suitable for marine lubrication or thelike' is produced by adding 1% of the acids obtained from rape oil or wool-grease and the like to a viscous hydro carbon oil.
- the product closely resembles a compounded oil made from hydrocarbon'oiland blown rape oil. e 110 Ewample V.
- a mineral oil of high viscosit is treated with 2% of the commercial aci from castor oil or even with 2% of olein.
- the pro- 15 duct is similar in roperties to castor oil at I relatively not too i h temperatures, and is very suitable for liirication of aeroplane en es.
- a e declare that what we claim is 1.
- a lubricating oil consisting of a hydrocarbon oil containing a relatively minute amount of a substance which lowers the surface tension of said oil ainst water with- .out admixture of more t an a correspondin ly minute amount of saponifiable glycer1 2.
- a lubricating oil consisting of a hydro carbon oil contammg a relatively minute amount of a free organic acid, without more thana substantially equal amount of saponiaddition of more than a correspondingly .fiable glycerid.
- a lubricating oil consisting of a hydro- 7.
- lubricating oil consisting of a hydrosaid mixture to the oil to be compounded. carbon oil containing about one to two per- 8.
- a lubricating oil to replace a compound of fatty acids derived from castor oil 5.
- lubricating oil consisting of a hydrocarbon In Wltness whereof, we have hereunto oil plus a relatively large amount of a sasigned our names this. 1st. day of March, ponifiable glycerid, characterized by the re 191 8, in the presence of two subscribing wit- 5 placement of said .glycerid by a relatively messes. minute amount of the corresponding fatty I acid derived from said glycerid. HENRY MATTHEW WELLS" 6.
- a lubricating oil consisting of a min- JAMES EDWARD BOUTEOOMBE' eral oil highly viscous at atmospheric tem- witnesseses:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
HENRY MATTHEW WELLS, OF SI. ES-ON-SEA, NEAR BLACKPOOL, AND JAMES EDWARD SOUTHCOMBE, OF BIRKENHEAD, ENGLAND.
LUBRICATING-OIL.
No Drawing.
T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that we, HENRY MATTHEW WELLS and JAMES EDWARD SoU'rHcoMBn, subjects of the King of Great Britain, residing, respectively, at St. Annes-on-Sea, near Blackpool, in the county of Lancaster, and Birkenhead, in the county of'Chester, both in the Kingdom of England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lubricating-Oils, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to improvements 1n lubricating oils. It as long been recognized that for many purposes mineral hydrocarbon oils do not lubricate so well as animal or vegetable saponifiable oils and fats and accordingly compounded lubricating oils have been largely used, which consist of mixtures of mineral oils with saponifiable oils and fats...
\Ve have discovered that the active prin- ('iple which enables such saponifiable oils to improve the lubricating properties of mineral oils is a'relatively small quantity of free fatty acid, either preexisting in the saponifiable oil, or formed therefrom by hydrolysis during lubrication. Our invention therefore consists primarily in replacing a relatively large amount of saponifiable oil or fat by a relatively minute amount of a suitable free fatty or other organic acid.
It will be seen that the principle underlying our invention is in direct opposition to prevailing views, and it will be desirable therefore to explain the rationale of the process.
Hitherto it has been consideredthat free fatty acid is a constituent to be rigorously 4 excluded from a lubricating oil, on account of the fear of corrosion. We approached this problem by making a study of the-capillary properties of various oils, using the drop pipette to measure the interfacial ten- The first result of our work was to show that the saponifiable oils or compounded oils showed a' low interfacial tension against water. We next demonstrated that this low interfacial tension was due to the presence of small quantities of free fatty acids, and concluded that the'eflicacy of the sap'onifiable oils depended on their free acid content and that in fact these oils merely acted as carriers of free acid.
Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct, 21, 1919,
Application filed March 19, 1918. Serial No. 223,378.
alone to amineral oil and discovered that the lubricating. properties were greatly improved while the interfacial tension against water was correspondingly lowered.
Our invention presents three great advantages over existing practice (1) By isolating the active principle we a are enabled to produce oils of widely varying properties as will be described hereafter.
(2) We are enabled to replace a large amount of saponifiable oil or fats in a compounded lubricant by a small amount of free fatty or organic acid and thus obtain abetter product at a much less cost. The saving in saponifiable oil is especially important since we can prepare valuable products while liberating large quantities of saponifiable oils for use as foods.
(3) In actual practice we find that far from increasing the danger of corrosion we are enabled to minimize it.
In our products the amount of fatty acid is small and limited; whereas in the usual commercial products, the amount may be small initially but it is potentially very large. Owing to hydrolysis during lubrication the percentage of fatty acid in a compounded oil containing say ten per cent. of saponifiable oil is potentially equal to a very large fraction of this ten per cent. The danger from corrosion is large and uncontrollable. impossible to avoid corrosion completely by employing lubricating oils containing (initially) the minimum quantity of free fatty acid. Our experiments show that on the contrary a small quantity of free fatty acid is It is this factor which made it be added as such, so that its amount is limited and cannot increase, whereas if the free acid is present as the impurity or hydrolytic product of a saponifiable oil, its amount can increase very largely.
The free acid, preferably free fatty acid, e. 9., commercial olein containmg' 95% free acid, and or whale oil-fatty acids either hardened or not may be added in quantitles of 1 to 2% to the mineral oil, or the free fatty acid may be incorporated with a small quantity of mineral oil, and this active mixture may be diluted with mineral oil as required. Many of the advantages of the mvention may be obtained by mcorporatm the free fatty acid with a smallquantity of 11 a saponifiable oil as vehicle but it is desirable to employ mineral oil for this purpose.
The choice of the free acid is dependent on the lubricating and other properties de- 5 sired. Broadly speaking, the best free organic acid to use is that which is obtained from the fatty oil whose properties it is desirable to reproduce. Thus rape oil and cocoanut oil impart different properties to the compounded oils made therefrom and these properties may also be imparted by adding small quantities of the free fatty acids corresponding thereto.
In theory the process depends on the principle that lubrication is a function of the capillary properties of the oil. A satisfactory lubricant must wet the bearing surfaces so that a thin film of lubricant will tend to move into the constricted areas of great pressure. Now in practice the bean ing surfaces are usually contaminated with a film of moisture and there is a liability to form oxid films. The action of the free acid is to 'lower the interfacial tension between oil and water and the mechanism of the process is apparently to allow the oil to displace the water film from the bearing surface. The chemical afiinity between the acid and the metallic surface or the oxid film (if present) runs parallel with a similar reduction in interfacial tension which has similar results.
The action of the free fatty or other acid depends on its molecular weight. If any acid of very low molecular weight Such as butyric acid is used it will exert a deemulsifying efi'ect and we can therefore apply our process to produce non-emulsifiable mineral oils. This is of great im ortanee in certain classes of work where t e oil is violently ag1tated with water and much trouble is experienced through emulsification. On account of the low molecular weight, these acids are much more active and it is not desirable to exceed the limit of 1%.
On the contrary certain fatty acids of high molecular weight possess the property of mcreasing the emulsibility of hydrocarbon oils which is of importance in certain cases of lubrication. Th'us certain highly unsaturated acids of hi h molecular weight are especiall active. This'i's probably associated wit the phenomena of polymerization and soap formation. I
Our invention is thus based on adding to a mineral oil a relatively minute amount of a compound which lowers theinterfacial tension between the oil and water in the manner described. 1 v
60 Anyhydrocarbon oil ma beu'md, e. 9., from; petroleum, coal tar, s ale, colophony,
Fatty acids. are very suitable additions;
the commercial products are satisfactory. They maybe obtained from any class of emma "tured from raw petroleum, shale, coal-tar or colophony.
The invention may be applied to improve the lubricating properties also the emulsifying and or the deemulsifying properties of mineral oils.
We shall now give examples showin the application of our invention but it w l' he understood that these are merely illustrative.
E's/"ample I.
. Emample I1.
A concentrated compound is prepared. containing equal weights of commercial -fatty acids and mineral oil by warming and mixing these ingredients. This concentrated compound is added to a hydrocarbon oil to the extent of 3% byweight (=1% fatty acid).
7 Example HI.
A non-emulsifying oil is prepared by adding 0.8% of butyric,- cinnamic or an oilsoluble' sulfonic acid to hydrocarbon oil. Certain naphthenic acids also exert this deemulsifying efiect.
Ewample IV.
An emulsifying oil suitable for marine lubrication or thelike'is produced by adding 1% of the acids obtained from rape oil or wool-grease and the like to a viscous hydro carbon oil.
The product closely resembles a compounded oil made from hydrocarbon'oiland blown rape oil. e 110 Ewample V.
A mineral oil of high viscosit is treated with 2% of the commercial aci from castor oil or even with 2% of olein. The pro- 15 duct is similar in roperties to castor oil at I relatively not too i h temperatures, and is very suitable for liirication of aeroplane en es. a e declare that what we claim is 1. A lubricating oil consisting of a hydrocarbon oil containing a relatively minute amount of a substance which lowers the surface tension of said oil ainst water with- .out admixture of more t an a correspondin ly minute amount of saponifiable glycer1 2. A lubricating oil consisting of a hydro carbon oil contammg a relatively minute amount of a free organic acid, without more thana substantially equal amount of saponiaddition of more than a correspondingly .fiable glycerid.
relatively small amount of castor oil. 3L A lubricating oil consisting of a hydro- 7. The process of'prep'arin a compound. carbon oil contalning a relatlvely minute lubricating oil from hydrocarbon oil, which 25 amount of a free fatty acid unaccompanied consists in admixing a free fatty acid with by more than a correspondingly minute a substantially equal amount of hydrocarbon amount of saponifiable glycerid. oil and adding a predetermined amount of LA. lubricating oil consisting of a hydrosaid mixture to the oil to be compounded. carbon oil containing about one to two per- 8. A hydrocarbon oil containing a viscous 3 cent. of free fatty aclds. mineral oil and approximately two per cent.
5. A lubricating oil to replace a compound of fatty acids derived from castor oil.
"lubricating oil consisting of a hydrocarbon In Wltness whereof, we have hereunto oil plus a relatively large amount of a sasigned our names this. 1st. day of March, ponifiable glycerid, characterized by the re 191 8, in the presence of two subscribing wit- 5 placement of said .glycerid by a relatively messes. minute amount of the corresponding fatty I acid derived from said glycerid. HENRY MATTHEW WELLS" 6. A lubricating oil consisting of a min- JAMES EDWARD BOUTEOOMBE' eral oil highly viscous at atmospheric tem- Witnesses:
peratures, containing a small uantity of Y HAROLD EDWIN Porrs, commercial fatty acid substantially without RI HARD WHIMSTER ELANDJ
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1319129A true US1319129A (en) | 1919-10-21 |
Family
ID=3386603
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1319129D Expired - Lifetime US1319129A (en) | Henry matthew wells |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US1319129A (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2425046A (en) * | 1943-05-12 | 1947-08-05 | Nat Carbon Co Inc | Electrical contact brush |
US2431008A (en) * | 1943-09-15 | 1947-11-18 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Cooling fluid |
US2560986A (en) * | 1947-03-07 | 1951-07-17 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Mineral oil compositions containing petroleum wax carboxylic acids |
US2607479A (en) * | 1948-02-04 | 1952-08-19 | California Research Corp | Agglomerate tabling of tungsten bearing ores |
US2752209A (en) * | 1952-09-15 | 1956-06-26 | North American Aviation Inc | Instrument bearing |
US2768953A (en) * | 1952-08-26 | 1956-10-30 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydraulic transmission fluid |
US2830956A (en) * | 1954-02-12 | 1958-04-15 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydraulic power transmission fluids |
US2840479A (en) * | 1956-02-06 | 1958-06-24 | Claude F Rowell | Oleaginous composition and method of using same |
US2921903A (en) * | 1954-06-28 | 1960-01-19 | Standard Oil Co | Extreme pressure lubricants |
US3223635A (en) * | 1964-04-06 | 1965-12-14 | Far Best Corp | Coolant and lubricant composition and method for cold working metal |
US3314884A (en) * | 1964-01-02 | 1967-04-18 | Mobil Oil Corp | Fuels and lubricants containing inclusion compounds |
US3483124A (en) * | 1967-06-02 | 1969-12-09 | Nalco Chemical Co | Rolling oil emulsions |
-
0
- US US1319129D patent/US1319129A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2425046A (en) * | 1943-05-12 | 1947-08-05 | Nat Carbon Co Inc | Electrical contact brush |
US2431008A (en) * | 1943-09-15 | 1947-11-18 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Cooling fluid |
US2560986A (en) * | 1947-03-07 | 1951-07-17 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Mineral oil compositions containing petroleum wax carboxylic acids |
US2607479A (en) * | 1948-02-04 | 1952-08-19 | California Research Corp | Agglomerate tabling of tungsten bearing ores |
US2768953A (en) * | 1952-08-26 | 1956-10-30 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydraulic transmission fluid |
US2752209A (en) * | 1952-09-15 | 1956-06-26 | North American Aviation Inc | Instrument bearing |
US2830956A (en) * | 1954-02-12 | 1958-04-15 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydraulic power transmission fluids |
US2921903A (en) * | 1954-06-28 | 1960-01-19 | Standard Oil Co | Extreme pressure lubricants |
US2840479A (en) * | 1956-02-06 | 1958-06-24 | Claude F Rowell | Oleaginous composition and method of using same |
US3314884A (en) * | 1964-01-02 | 1967-04-18 | Mobil Oil Corp | Fuels and lubricants containing inclusion compounds |
US3223635A (en) * | 1964-04-06 | 1965-12-14 | Far Best Corp | Coolant and lubricant composition and method for cold working metal |
US3483124A (en) * | 1967-06-02 | 1969-12-09 | Nalco Chemical Co | Rolling oil emulsions |
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