US1380937A - Gear-cutting machine - Google Patents
Gear-cutting machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1380937A US1380937A US333014A US33301419A US1380937A US 1380937 A US1380937 A US 1380937A US 333014 A US333014 A US 333014A US 33301419 A US33301419 A US 33301419A US 1380937 A US1380937 A US 1380937A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- gear
- shaft
- cutter
- spindle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F1/00—Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface
- B23F1/06—Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface by milling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
- Y10T409/101431—Gear tooth shape generating
- Y10T409/106519—Using reciprocating or oscillating cutter
- Y10T409/106678—Bevel gear cutting
- Y10T409/106837—Dual cutters
Definitions
- ATTORNEY A. L. STEWARTfE BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
- SHEETS-SHEET 3- may!!! Il/ m Edward .4 TTORNE 1' A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
- SHEETSSHEET 4 ArtjzurL. tat/art W HEaJfl A TTOR NE y Schuyler A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
- J g a mmww fz Edward i i/ 115061 6 M yZerflLFa-r A TTORNE) A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
- the present improvements have to do more particularly with machines -intended for the production of bevel gears, although there are. features ofthe invention which are equally applicable to other types of gear cutting machines.
- the invention relates to machines of the reciprocating tool type, and in which there is a relative generatlng or rolling motion between the tool and the gear blank, in.
- the invention is applicable machines, in which latter the teeth are merely roughed out, leaving the sides straight and unfinished.
- the customary procedure is to complete one tooth or one side of a tooth, and then separate the. gear blank and the tools, to permit indexing the blank, and one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a machine with bracing means that will serve to hold the gear blank,
- Another object of the improvement is to afford an arrangement of indexing mechanism that will impart stability and" rigidity tothe apparatus as a whole, and also provide a simple and practical method of operation.
- a further purpose of the invention is to afford means for readily adapting the machine either to rough out an uncutblank
- the improvement includes means for modifying the relative feeding motions of the toolsand gear blank, so as to meet the requirements of either a roughing or finishing operation.
- An adidtional object which is contem plated in the invention is to provide an im- Specification of Letters Patent.
- Patented J uneY, 1921 Patented J uneY, 1921.
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the arrangement of gearing for operating the parts.
- F g. 6 is a partial end elevation.
- a detail view in elevation look-' is a sectional view on line 7--7
- Fig. 9 is a detail sectional View, partially in elevation taken generally on line 9-9 of Fig. 2.
- Fig. 10 is a plan view, partially in section, taken generally on line" 1010.of Fig. 6.
- Fig. 11 is a sectional view on line 11-1l of Fig. 1.
- F 12 is a sectional view on line 12-12 of Fig. 3. i i
- Fig. 13. is' a planmechanism appearing in Fig. 12.
- Fig-14 is a sectional view on line 14-14.- of Fig. 3.
- Fig. 15 is of Fig. 13.
- Fig. 16. is. a side elevation mechanism andtool carriage.
- Fig; 17 is an enlarged side view of one of the tool boxes.
- Fig. 18 is an enlarged plan view of the parts appearing in Fig. 17.
- Fig; 19. is an enlargedsectional-view on line 19- 19v of Fig. 18.
- FIG. 16 is a transverse sectional view on line 2020 of Fig. 16. a Referring more particularly to the drawings, which are intended merely as illus-- trative of a practical embodiment of the improvement, and do not limit the invention to the details; disclosed, 1 desi 2 is a cutter support, and 3 is a lank carrier,
- the gear blank rotates about its own axis, and during such rotation, the tool or tools, preferably operating on opposite sides of the same tooth, are reciprocate'd, and also moved bodilyso as to-traverse the simultaneously rotating blank, in a manner corresponding to the relative motion of a rack upon a gear, as well known in the art of producing cars by the rolling or generating method. or a convenient understanding of the operation, themechamsm for reciprocating the tools and-imparting the necessary traversing motion thereto will first be de-' scribed.
- tool slides There aretwo tool slides namely4 and 5, (see Figs. 1, 3, and 16) each of which is provided with tool mechanism mountedthere'on as will be described later in detail;
- the tool slides are mounted upon an oscillatory cutter carriage 6 so as to reciprocate thereon,
- the,slide 4 travels back and forth in an arm 7 which is fixedly bolted to the carriage 6 while the slide 5 travels back and forth in an arm 8 which isadjustably attached to the carriage 6 so as to be fixed at different angles with reference to the arm 7.
- arm 7 which is fixedly bolted to the carriage 6
- slide 5 travels back and forth in an arm 8 which isadjustably attached to the carriage 6 so as to be fixed at different angles with reference to the arm 7.
- One means for such adjustment is shown,
- reciprocated b means of an oscillating gear 11 (see igs. 3
- crank-plate 16 carries a pinion '14 which is oscillated by a rack 15, the latter being eccentrically and adgustably mounted on the crank-plate 16.
- the crank-plate 16 is rigidly connected with a gear 17 and the latter engages and is driven by a pinion 18 which forms part of an arbor to which is also fixeda pinion '19.
- the pinion 19 is driven bv a' gear 20, keyed ates a bed,
- the shaft 21 carries a bevel gear 23 (see Fig. 3) which engages a bevelgear- 24 mounted upon a vertical spindle 25.
- the latter is provided with a bevel pinion 26 at its lower end, driving a meshing pinion 27. which is keyedto the shaft 28, and the shaft 28 is provided at its outer end with a pinion 29 (see Figs. 3 and 5).
- Pinion 29 drives inion 30-011 a stub shaft, which also carries a pinion 31 engaging the gear 32 on shaft 33..
- the shaft 33 is provided at its'opposite end with-a pinion 34 (see Figs 5 and 10) and pinion 34 engages and drives the'gear 35 which is fixed on the shaft 36.
- the shaft 36 drives the shaft 37 through reversing mechanism which includes ears 38 and 39 for operating the shaft 37 -m one direction, and ears 40, 41 and 42 for operatin the shaft .3 in the opposite directlon.
- he gears 39 and 42. are alternately lockedto the shaft 37 to drive the latter, by suitable reversin mechanism, designated generallyat 43.
- he detailsof this reversing mechanism constitute no part of the present invention, and may be in accordwith previous structures for operating a tool carrier or a blank carrier in opposite directions, suchas illustrated and described in Patent No. 1,203,608November 7, 1916.
- the shaft 37 carries pinion 44 which engages ear 45 onshaft 46.
- the latter in turn has 1 red thereon a pinion. 47 engaging the gear 48 which is slidably keyed on spindle. 49
- the spindle 49 carries tated about its axis, first in one direction and then in the other, and the particular mechanismfor vac'complishlngthis will now be explained.
- the blank carrier includes ablank supporting spindle 56 to which the ear blank 57 is attached '(see Figs. 1 and 3 aS usual in this-class'of machinery.
- Fixedupon the blank supporting spindle 56 is a worm wheel 1 57 (see Figs. 3 and 4) which is engaged” and driven by the worm 58 mounted upon shaft 59.
- the worm. shaft 59 is also provided with a bevel pinion 60 (see Figs. 1 and and 8).
- Gear 76 is driven by pinion 77 2) which is engaged and driven by the cooperating pinion 61 on the telescopic spindle 62.
- the spindle 62 carries the bevel pinion 63 and the latter is engaged and driven by the pinion 64 on inclined shaft 65 (see Figs. 1, 2, and 9).
- the shaft 65 is provided at its inner end with a bevel gear 66 which is engaged and operated by the bevel pinion 67, the latter being secured'on the vertical, centrally arranged shaft or spindle 68 which carries at its lower end the bevel pinion 69.
- Pinion 69 is engaged and driven by bevel gear 70 on the shaft 71.
- the shaft 71 carries a bevel pinion 72 which is engaged and driven by a bevel gear73, the latter belng fixed to the differential housing 74 (see Figs. 1, 5, and 9).
- the differential housing 74 has journaled in one side thereof an arbor 75 to which is keyed a gear 7 6 (see Figs. 5, 7,
- the blank carrier 3 is mounted on a base-plate 80 which swings about the vertical center of the machine, occupied by the aforesaid shaft 68.
- a cam shaft 81 (see Figs. 4 and 11 said shaft carrying a controlling cam which will be described more fully presently, and which engages aprojection or pin 82 that is connected for movement with the base-plate 8 0 of the gear blank carrier.
- the cam shaft 81 carries at one end a worm wheel 83 which is driven by the worm 84 and the latter is fixed upon a shaft 85 carrying at its oaposite end a gear 86 (see Figs. 5 and 10).
- ear 86 is engaged and operated by pinion 87 which in turn is driven by the gear 88 fixed upon the aforesaid shaft 36, which latter is driven continuously in one direction from the main driving pulley as already described.
- the previously mentioned cam which is fixed upon the cam shaft 81, and controls movement of'the blank carrier toward and from the tool support, to permit indexing of the gear blank, is constructed and adjustable to make the machine readily adaptable for either a roughing or a finishing operation.
- the gear blank feed in slowly toward the cutters during the reciprocating movement of the cutters, and when the blank carrier has fed sufficiently for the cutters to reach the full depth of the tooth, the blank carrier is with drawn from the tool support preferably by a quick movement, and the blank is then indexed.
- the teeth In a finishing operation, however, where the teeth have "been previously roughed out on another machine, it is desirable to feed the blank carrier quickly toward the tool support until the tools have reached a full depth position, andthe subsequent cutting takes place principally on the sides of the teeth, to produce the proper tooth curve or profile, and at the end of such finish cutting operations, the blank carrier and gear blank are withdrawn from the tools and the blank is indexed. It is sometimes desirable to change a machine from roughing to finishing operations, and to accomplish this, the. cam, designated generally by 89, (see Fig. 11) includes two cam ways or slots, one designated at 90 for the finish-cutting operation and the other designated at 91 for the rough-cutting operation.
- cam ways are separated by a wall 92, which is cut away at 93, to permit the aforementioned pin or projection 82 (see Fig. 4) tube readily brought into operative relation with either cam way.
- the cam 89 is adjustable lengthwise on the cam shaft 81 for the purpose just described, and
- the indexing mechanism is mounted on the bed 1, and at predetermined intervals operates the vertical shaft 68 and other gearing leading to the blank supporting spindle,
- the indexing mechanism may be of any known type and its particularconstruction forms no part of the present invention. It is suflicient for'the purposes of this disclosure to designate the indexing mechanism generally by 97 (see Figs. 1, 5 and 10), and it is operated from shaft 85 through gear 98 fixed thereon and gear 99 which leads to the indexing mechanlsm. Movement of the indexing mechanism, when it is tripped, is transmitted through gears 100, 101,102, and 103 (see Figs. 1 and 5) to the spindle 104 which is journaled'in one sid of the differential housing 74 and has fixed thereon the bevel pinion 105.
- the bevel pinion 105 engages pinions 106 and 107 which are'journaled in the differential case, and the pinions 106 and 107 engage the bevel pinion 108 which is fixed on the spindle 75 (see Fig. 5).
- the index mechanism is tripped off intermittently in the usual manner, as by a pivoted lever 109 (see Fig. 1) which is controlled by a cam wheel 102.
- the cam wheel 102 also serves to'control the reversing mechanism 43 already mentioned, through the intermittently operated connecting rod 110 and lever 111.'
- bracing means connecting.
- This bracing means must be such as to permit the necessary relative movement of the blank carrier and cutter support, for indexing, and preferably comprises a pair of bracing members secured to the cutter support and blank carrier and connected together so as to partake of the same relative swinging motion that occurs between the blank carrier and cutter support.
- the bracing means consists of overhead bracing members 112 and 113 connected together by a pivot pin 114 which is in line with the central shaft 68, or vertical center of the machine.
- the brace 113 is fixedly atdexlng.
- the brace 112 is adjustably connected to the blank carrier 3.
- the blank carrier is provided with an adjusting pinion 114, (see Fi 1 and 8) which en ages a rack 115 carried by the brace 112.
- he adjusting pinion 114 is mounted on a spindle which has a square head 116 at its outer end (see Fig. 2) by which the desired adjustment of the brace 112 is obtained, to permit of moving the blank carrier to the'proper osition with relation to the cutter support in setting up, dependin upon the size of the blank being cut.
- the brace 112 is slidable in guides 117.
- the blank carrier is free to swing about the vertical center 68 during the indexing operation, and is nevertheless held rigidly in proper relation to the cutter support, and such a bracing means lends a maximum of stability andruggedness to the apparatus without interfering with its normal operation.
- a balancing weight 118 is provided, see Fig. 2, connected to a cable 119, which passes around pulleys 120 and is secured to the cutter carriage.
- the tools and tool slides are constructed and mounted in the manner shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 16 to 20 inclusive.
- Each of the tool 125 supporting arms 7 and 8 is provided with undercut portions or dovetail guide ways.
- the tool slides being similarly formed ,to engage said ways and being supported on 126' and is limited in itsmovement by engagement with the wall 127 as shown in Fig.
- Each of the tool slides is provided with an adjustable wedge member I123for taking up any lost motion or wear between the slide and the arm.
- Each tool slide has bolted thereto atool box 124 and .mounted therein is the pivoted clapper block'125 which is mounted to swing about the axis 18.
- the tool 128 is held in place on the clapper block by a binder plate 129 and bolts 130 which retain the tool against the tool holder 131, the latter engaging a wedge 132.
- the swinging movement of the clapper block is accomplished by a connecting device comprising a rod 133 which is slidable in a friction clamp 134:, whereby when the tool slide travels on its return stroke, the tension exerted on the connectingrod'133 rocks the clap-per block so as to withdraw the tool, and during the cutting stroke,
- the clapper block 125 is provided with an opening or recess 134 .(see Fig. 18) the opposite operating surfacesof which are inclined to the direction of travel of the tool slide.
- an angular tongue or projecting portion 135 which is connected to or carried by the connecting rod 133.
- the tongue 135 loosely engages recess'lB l and is provided with opposite surfaces that are correspondingly inclined to the direction of travel of the tool slide.
- the connecting rod 133 As the connecting rod 133 is forced toward the clapper block 125, the latter is held in its outermost position by means of the cooperating inclined surfaces, the tongue 185 acting as a wedge on the clapper block and serving to prevent the slightest chatter, any lost motion being taken up automatically by the necessary additional inward movement of the tongue During the return stroke, the connecting rod 133 is withdrawn with relation to the clapper block, and the outward movement of the tongue 135 causes a correspondlng inward movement of the clapper block which withdraws the tool from the work.
- a gear cutting machine the combination with a. blank carrier and cutter-support, one movable toward and from the other, of a reciprocating cutter on the cutter support, and bracing members secured to the blank carrier and cutter support and connected with each other so as to permit relative movement, said bracing members being located above the blank and cutter.
- a gear cutting machine the combination with a blank carrier and cutter support, one mbvable toward and. from the other, of a reciprocating cutter on the cutter support, and bracing members located above the blank and cutter and secured to the'blank carrier and cutter support, said bracing members being connected together to permit relative movement and one of them being adjustable with reference to its support.
- a gear cuttin machine the combination with a bed, 0 a blank carrier and cutter support mounted thereon, one movable about a vertical axis toward and from the other, a reciprocating cutter on the cutter support, and bracin I to the upper portions 0% the blank carrier and cutter support, said bracing members being connected for relative pivotal motion about the aforesaid vertical axis.
- braclng members secured to the other side of the blank carrier members secured bers secured to the blank carrier an cutter support on the other side thereof, said bracing members being pivotally connected for relative swinging movement about the aforesaid axis and one of them being adjustable on its support.
- a gear cutting machine the combination with a'circular guide, of a circular cutter carriage having oscillatory move- 'ment on said guide, a pair of reciprocating tools mounted on said carriage, and a blank carrier movable toward and from the cutter carriage to permit indexing of a blank.
- a gear'cutting machine the combination with a bed and a cutter support arranged thereon, of a blank carrier mounted on the bed, a blank supporting spindle, gearing for rotating the blank supporting spindle, said gearing including a differential housing, generatingmechanism operating to turn said housing and blank spindle,
- a gear cutting machine the combination with -a. bed and a cutter support ar-' ranged thereon, of a blank carrier mounted on the bed, a blank supporting spindle on the blank carrier, gearing'for rotating the blank supporting spindle, said gearing including a centrally arranged vertical shaft, and a differential housing, generating mechanism operatin to turn said housing and blank spindle, s owly during the cutting operation, and indexing mechanism mounted on the bed acting to rotate said differential housing and blank spindle intermittently at a sufficient speed to effect indexing whilethe cutter is disengaged from the blank.
- a gear cutting machine the combination with a bed, of a blank carrier and cutter support, one movable toward and from the other to permit indexing, a blank supporting spindle mounted onthe blank carrier, gearing for rotating the blank supporting spindle, saidgearmg including a differential housing, generating mechanism.
- a gear cutting machine the combination with a blank carrier and cutter support, one movable toward and from theother for feeding the tools and permitting indexmg, of a cam shaft and cam thereon controlling said relative movement
- the cam including two separate cam ways one of which is used for a roughing operation and the other of which is used for a finishing operation, a wall separating said cam ways, said wall having'a cut-away portion therein to permit of moving the cam with relation to a cam controlled projection so as to bring either cam way into operative relationship with said projection, and adjusting means cooperating with the cam for changing its position on the camshaft.
- a gear cutting machine the combination with a cutter support, of a blank spindle, generating mechanism, means for rotating the blank spindle including a differential housing which is turned slowly during the cutting operation by the generating mechanism to impart a generating motion tothe blank, indexing mechanism, and connections between the indexing mechanism and the differential housing, whereby nism operating through the opposite side of the differential housing to drive said housing and gearing.
- a gear cutting machine the combination with a bed, of a blank carrier and cutter support arranged thereon, a blank spindle mounted on'the blank carrier, means for driving the blank spindle including a differential housing located on the bed, generating mechanism operating to drive said housing and blank spindle, and indexing mechanism operating intermittently .to
- a gear cutting machine the combination with a bed, of a blank carrier and cutter support arranged thereon, a blank spindle on the blank carrier, means for driving the blank spindle including a centrally arranged vertical shaft, differential gearing mounted on said bed for operating the aforesaid vertical shaft and including a housing, generating mechanism operating to drive said housing and vertical shaft slowly, and
- indexing mechanism operating intermit-.
- bracing means connecting the blank car- I rier. and cutter support at their upper portions and permitting the aforementioned swinging movement.
- bracin members secured to the upper portions 0% the blank carrier and cutter support and connected together to permit relative movement, one of the bracing members having rack and pinion connection with its support to permit adjustment.
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Description
A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
GEAR CUTTING MACHINE.
APPLICATION FILED OCT. 24. 1919.
1,380,937. Patented June 7, 1921.
9 SHEETS-SHEET I.
ATTORNEY A. L. STEWARTfE: BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
GEAR CUTTING MACHINE.
APPLICATION FILED ocT.24.1919.
1 80,937, Patented June 7, 1921.
9 SHEETS-SHEET 2- A a; wf wpz 2 2mm WBZZM; r (v SchzgMH.Far
t? A T TOR/V5 Y A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
GEAR CUTTING MACHINE- APPLICATION FILED OCT- 24,1919. 1,380,937. PatentedJune 7, 1921.
9 SHEETS-SHEET 3- may!!! Il/ m Edward .4 TTORNE 1' A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
GEAR CUTTING MACHINE.
APPLICATION FILED OCT. 24.1919.
Patented. June 7 1921.
9 SHEETSSHEET 4 ArtjzurL. tat/art W HEaJfl A TTOR NE y Schuyler A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
GEAR CUTTING MACHINE.
APPLICATION FILED ocr. 24, 1-919.
1,380,937, Patented June 7, 1921.
9 SHEETS-SHEET 5.
0 6'1 mmunmuu 69 gl flirlfku w lg /ar iflwarci W. fiaZZack SCWQFH. Earl I I ATTORNEY A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
GEAR CUTTING MACHINE.
APPLICATION FILED ocT. 24, 1919.
1,380,937, I Patented June 7, 1921.
9 SHEETSSHEET 6.
J g: a mmww fz Edward i i/ 115061 6 M yZerflLFa-r A TTORNE) A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
GEAR CUTTING MACHINE.
APPLICATION FILED OCT. 24, 1919.
1,3 0,937, Patented June 7, 1.921..
9 SHEETS-SHEET 7.
[N Vi /Woks 5.2 E 'Q .SCWZeI'EEar& I ATTORNEY A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL.
GEAR CUTTING MACHINE.
APPLICATION FILED OCT. 24, I919.
Patented June 7, 1921.
9 SHEETS-SHEET 8.
1 L Arlm .A. L. STEWART, E. W. BULLOCK AND S. H. EARL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE.
APPLICATION FILED OCT 24,1919.
1,389,937 Patented June 7, 1921.
9 SHEEISSHEET 9 [/VVENTORS Ida/(L1 Sohuy rlLEar which the following is a specification.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-
.ARTHUR L. STEWART, EDWARD W. BULLOCK, AND S CHUYLER H. EARL, OF
ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO NEW YORK, A. CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.
GLEASON WORKS, OF ROCHESTER,
Be it known that we, ARTHUR L.I STEW- ART, EDWARD W. BULLOCK, and SCHUYLE EARL, citizens of the United States of America, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gear-Cutting Machines, of
The present improvements have to do more particularly with machines -intended for the production of bevel gears, although there are. features ofthe invention which are equally applicable to other types of gear cutting machines. In a. more particular aspect, the invention relates to machines of the reciprocating tool type, and in which there is a relative generatlng or rolling motion between the tool and the gear blank, in.
order to effect theoretically correctshaping of the profile or cross section of a tooth, but
in some aspects, the invention is applicable machines, in which latter the teeth are merely roughed out, leaving the sides straight and unfinished.
In machines of this class, the customary procedure is to complete one tooth or one side of a tooth, and then separate the. gear blank and the tools, to permit indexing the blank, and one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a machine with bracing means that will serve to hold the gear blank,
and tools rigidly in their proper relative positions while cutting a gear, and at the.
same time permit the relative separating movement When indexing takes place.
Another object of the improvement is to afford an arrangement of indexing mechanism that will impart stability and" rigidity tothe apparatus as a whole, and also provide a simple and practical method of operation.
A further purpose of the invention" is to afford means for readily adapting the machine either to rough out an uncutblank,
or to cut and finish a blank'which-has already been rou-ghed, and the improvement includes means for modifying the relative feeding motions of the toolsand gear blank, so as to meet the requirements of either a roughing or finishing operation.
An adidtional object which is contem plated in the invention is to provide an im- Specification of Letters Patent.
broken away.
Patented J uneY, 1921.
Application fi led October 24, 1919. Serial No. 333,014.
' proved form of reciprocating tool mechanlsm, by which a toll is held rigidly in cutting position,-and all chatter prevented during the cutting stroke, and is movable 'during the return stroke to withdraw it from engagement with the blank.
he invention consists in certain other improved features andnovel construction,
. as will appear clearly fromthe following opposite direction fromFig. 1 wit-h parts I Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the arrangement of gearing for operating the parts. I I
F g. 6 is a partial end elevation.
Fig. 7 of Fig. 6.
F "g. 8 is ing toward the adjacent'end of Fig. 7
a detail view in elevation look-' is a sectional view on line 7--7 Fig. 9 is a detail sectional View, partially in elevation taken generally on line 9-9 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 10 is a plan view, partially in section, taken generally on line" 1010.of Fig. 6.
Fig. 11 is a sectional view on line 11-1l of Fig. 1.
Fig. 13.is' a planmechanism appearing in Fig. 12.
Fig-14 is a sectional view on line 14-14.- of Fig. 3. Fig. 15 is of Fig. 13.
' Fig. 16. is. a side elevation mechanism andtool carriage.
Fig; 17 is an enlarged side view of one of the tool boxes. I
Fig. 18 is an enlarged plan view of the parts appearing in Fig. 17.
Fig; 19. is an enlargedsectional-view on line 19- 19v of Fig. 18.
view of part of the of the tool Fig. '20 is a transverse sectional view on line 2020 of Fig. 16. a Referring more particularly to the drawings, which are intended merely as illus-- trative of a practical embodiment of the improvement, and do not limit the invention to the details; disclosed, 1 desi 2 is a cutter support, and 3 is a lank carrier,
7 as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4.
For a preliminary understandingof the apparatus it is to be understood that during cutting, the gear blank rotates about its own axis, and during such rotation, the tool or tools, preferably operating on opposite sides of the same tooth, are reciprocate'd, and also moved bodilyso as to-traverse the simultaneously rotating blank, in a manner corresponding to the relative motion of a rack upon a gear, as well known in the art of producing cars by the rolling or generating method. or a convenient understanding of the operation, themechamsm for reciprocating the tools and-imparting the necessary traversing motion thereto will first be de-' scribed.
There aretwo tool slides namely4 and 5, (see Figs. 1, 3, and 16) each of which is provided with tool mechanism mountedthere'on as will be described later in detail; The tool slides are mounted upon an oscillatory cutter carriage 6 so as to reciprocate thereon,
and are adjustable so as to be adaptable to v bevel gears with varying pitch angles. To
- accomplish this,the,slide 4 travels back and forth in an arm 7 which is fixedly bolted to the carriage 6 while the slide 5 travels back and forth in an arm 8 which isadjustably attached to the carriage 6 so as to be fixed at different angles with reference to the arm 7. One means for such adjustment is shown,
consisting of a segmental rack 9 secured to an extension on the carriage 6 (see Figs, 16 and 20) and an adjusting worm 10 carried by the arm 8 and acting to hold the arm in the posltion to which it is adjusted on the carriage 6. The tool slides 4 and v5 are reciprocated by mechanism that willnowjbe set forth in detail, and by which the oscillation of the carriage 6 is effected toimpart the necessary traversing-motion to the tools during a cuttin operation.
he tool slides are. reciprocated b means of an oscillating gear 11 (see igs. 3
and 16) which engages racks 12 secured-upon the respective tool slides. The ear llis carried by a spindle13 (see Flgs. 3, 12
and 14). and the spindle. 13. carries a pinion '14 which is oscillated by a rack 15, the latter being eccentrically and adgustably mounted on the crank-plate 16. The crank-plate 16 is rigidly connected with a gear 17 and the latter engages and is driven by a pinion 18 which forms part of an arbor to which is also fixeda pinion '19. The pinion 19 is driven bv a' gear 20, keyed ates a bed,
tothe shaft 21 (see- Fig. 3), and the shaft 21 has fixed thereon the mam-drive pulley 22 to WhlCh ower is applied for operating the various parts of the .machine. The
mechanism and gearing for imparting oscilla-tin' motion to the cutter carriage 6, W111 .now
e described. 1 To accomplish this, the shaft 21 carries a bevel gear 23 (see Fig. 3) which engages a bevelgear- 24 mounted upon a vertical spindle 25. The latter is provided with a bevel pinion 26 at its lower end, driving a meshing pinion 27. which is keyedto the shaft 28, and the shaft 28 is provided at its outer end with a pinion 29 (see Figs. 3 and 5). Pinion 29 drives inion 30-011 a stub shaft, which also carries a pinion 31 engaging the gear 32 on shaft 33.. The shaft 33 is provided at its'opposite end with-a pinion 34 (see Figs 5 and 10) and pinion 34 engages and drives the'gear 35 which is fixed on the shaft 36. The shaft 36. drives the shaft 37 through reversing mechanism which includes ears 38 and 39 for operating the shaft 37 -m one direction, and ears 40, 41 and 42 for operatin the shaft .3 in the opposite directlon. he gears 39 and 42. are alternately lockedto the shaft 37 to drive the latter, by suitable reversin mechanism, designated generallyat 43. he detailsof this reversing mechanism constitute no part of the present invention, and may be in accordwith previous structures for operating a tool carrier or a blank carrier in opposite directions, suchas illustrated and described in Patent No. 1,203,608November 7, 1916. The shaft 37 carries pinion 44 which engages ear 45 onshaft 46. The latter in turn has 1 red thereon a pinion. 47 engaging the gear 48 which is slidably keyed on spindle. 49
(see Figs. 5 and 7). The spindle 49 carries tated about its axis, first in one direction and then in the other, and the particular mechanismfor vac'complishlngthis will now be explained.
The blank carrier includes ablank supporting spindle 56 to which the ear blank 57 is attached '(see Figs. 1 and 3 aS usual in this-class'of machinery. Fixedupon the blank supporting spindle 56 is a worm wheel 1 57 (see Figs. 3 and 4) which is engaged" and driven by the worm 58 mounted upon shaft 59. The worm. shaft 59 is also provided with a bevel pinion 60 (see Figs. 1 and and 8). Gear 76 is driven by pinion 77 2) which is engaged and driven by the cooperating pinion 61 on the telescopic spindle 62. At its opposite end, the spindle 62 carries the bevel pinion 63 and the latter is engaged and driven by the pinion 64 on inclined shaft 65 (see Figs. 1, 2, and 9). The shaft 65 is provided at its inner end with a bevel gear 66 which is engaged and operated by the bevel pinion 67, the latter being secured'on the vertical, centrally arranged shaft or spindle 68 which carries at its lower end the bevel pinion 69. Pinion 69 is engaged and driven by bevel gear 70 on the shaft 71. The shaft 71 carries a bevel pinion 72 which is engaged and driven by a bevel gear73, the latter belng fixed to the differential housing 74 (see Figs. 1, 5, and 9). The differential housing 74 has journaled in one side thereof an arbor 75 to which is keyed a gear 7 6 (see Figs. 5, 7,
fixed on a shaft which also carries a gear 78 that is engaged and operated by pinion 79, the latter being. fixed on the aforementioned reversing shaft 46. By this means, when the reversing shaft 46 isv moved in opposite directions by means of the reversing mechanism 43, and thereby oscillates the cutter carriage 6, it also transmits a like motion through one side of thedifierential housing 74, and the gearing just described, to the blank spindle and gear blank mounted thereon, causing the latter to turn about its axis, first in one direction and then in the other until one cycle of cutting operations is complete, whereupon the gear blank and tools are separated, and the gear blank is automatically indexed to present another tooth to cutting position.
Before the indexing operation can take place, it is necessary to effect a separating motion between the gear blank and tool support. The following description sets forth the mechanism by which this move ment of the blank carrler is accomplished.
Referring to Figs. 2,and 3, the blank carrier 3, is mounted on a base-plate 80 which swings about the vertical center of the machine, occupied by the aforesaid shaft 68.
Movement of the blank carrier back and forth, toward and from the tool support, is accom lished by a cam shaft 81 (see Figs. 4 and 11 said shaft carrying a controlling cam which will be described more fully presently, and which engages aprojection or pin 82 that is connected for movement with the base-plate 8 0 of the gear blank carrier. The cam shaft 81 carries at one end a worm wheel 83 which is driven by the worm 84 and the latter is fixed upon a shaft 85 carrying at its oaposite end a gear 86 (see Figs. 5 and 10). ear 86 is engaged and operated by pinion 87 which in turn is driven by the gear 88 fixed upon the aforesaid shaft 36, which latter is driven continuously in one direction from the main driving pulley as already described.
The previously mentioned cam, which is fixed upon the cam shaft 81, and controls movement of'the blank carrier toward and from the tool support, to permit indexing of the gear blank, is constructed and adjustable to make the machine readily adaptable for either a roughing or a finishing operation. For roughing out an uncut blank, it is necessary that the gear blank feed in slowly toward the cutters during the reciprocating movement of the cutters, and when the blank carrier has fed sufficiently for the cutters to reach the full depth of the tooth, the blank carrier is with drawn from the tool support preferably by a quick movement, and the blank is then indexed. In a finishing operation, however, where the teeth have "been previously roughed out on another machine, it is desirable to feed the blank carrier quickly toward the tool support until the tools have reached a full depth position, andthe subsequent cutting takes place principally on the sides of the teeth, to produce the proper tooth curve or profile, and at the end of such finish cutting operations, the blank carrier and gear blank are withdrawn from the tools and the blank is indexed. It is sometimes desirable to change a machine from roughing to finishing operations, and to accomplish this, the. cam, designated generally by 89, (see Fig. 11) includes two cam ways or slots, one designated at 90 for the finish-cutting operation and the other designated at 91 for the rough-cutting operation. These cam ways are separated by a wall 92, which is cut away at 93, to permit the aforementioned pin or projection 82 (see Fig. 4) tube readily brought into operative relation with either cam way. The cam 89 is adjustable lengthwise on the cam shaft 81 for the purpose just described, and
to this end there is provided an adjusting after every complete cycle of cutting operations upon a tooth. While the blank'is disengaged from thetools, it is turned quickly, or indexed, to bring another tooth into cutting position, and the parts for carrying out the indexing operation will now be described.
The indexing mechanism is mounted on the bed 1, and at predetermined intervals operates the vertical shaft 68 and other gearing leading to the blank supporting spindle,
in order to drive the latter at an increased rate of speed, and turn it sufiiciently to index one tooth. The indexing mechanism may be of any known type and its particularconstruction forms no part of the present invention. It is suflicient for'the purposes of this disclosure to designate the indexing mechanism generally by 97 (see Figs. 1, 5 and 10), and it is operated from shaft 85 through gear 98 fixed thereon and gear 99 which leads to the indexing mechanlsm. Movement of the indexing mechanism, when it is tripped, is transmitted through gears 100, 101,102, and 103 (see Figs. 1 and 5) to the spindle 104 which is journaled'in one sid of the differential housing 74 and has fixed thereon the bevel pinion 105. The bevel pinion 105 engages pinions 106 and 107 which are'journaled in the differential case, and the pinions 106 and 107 engage the bevel pinion 108 which is fixed on the spindle 75 (see Fig. 5). The index mechanism is tripped off intermittently in the usual manner, as by a pivoted lever 109 (see Fig. 1) which is controlled by a cam wheel 102. By this means, when the lever 109 and index mechanism is actuated one in every revolution of the "cam shaft 81, an additional movement is imparted to shaft 71, through the differential gears 105,106, 107 and 108 from spindle 104, (see Fig. 5) and this additional motion is transmitted to the blank supporting spindle and the blank is thereby turned far enough to be indexed through the space of one tooth.
The cam wheel 102 also serves to'control the reversing mechanism 43 already mentioned, through the intermittently operated connecting rod 110 and lever 111.'
It is essential in a'machine of this class, that'the parts be sufficiently rigidto maintain proper relation between the tools and the gear blank at all times, in order to prevent chatter and produce uniform teeth, and to assist in this accomplishment, there are provided bracing means connecting. the
' blank carrier and the cutter support at a point on th opposite side of the gear blank from the bed, so that in the completed assemblage, the gear blank'and tools are disposed between the bed and such bracing means. This bracing means must be such as to permit the necessary relative movement of the blank carrier and cutter support, for indexing, and preferably comprises a pair of bracing members secured to the cutter support and blank carrier and connected together so as to partake of the same relative swinging motion that occurs between the blank carrier and cutter support.
The bracing means consists of overhead bracing members 112 and 113 connected together by a pivot pin 114 which is in line with the central shaft 68, or vertical center of the machine. The brace 113 is fixedly atdexlng.
tached to the top of the cutter support 2 and the brace 112 is adjustably connected to the blank carrier 3. To this end, the blank carrier is provided with an adjusting pinion 114, (see Fi 1 and 8) which en ages a rack 115 carried by the brace 112. he adjusting pinion 114 is mounted on a spindle which has a square head 116 at its outer end (see Fig. 2) by which the desired adjustment of the brace 112 is obtained, to permit of moving the blank carrier to the'proper osition with relation to the cutter support in setting up, dependin upon the size of the blank being cut. The brace 112 ,is slidable in guides 117. By means of the pivotal connection between the bracing members 112 and 113, just described, the blank carrier is free to swing about the vertical center 68 during the indexing operation, and is nevertheless held rigidly in proper relation to the cutter support, and such a bracing means lends a maximum of stability andruggedness to the apparatus without interfering with its normal operation. Owing to the arrangement of the arms 7 and 8 on the cutter carriage 6, considerable resistance is offered to the oscillation of the carriage when the tools and their supporting arms are swinging upwardly inithe generating motion. In order to lessen this resistance, and to counter-balance the cutter carriage, a balancing weight 118 is provided, see Fig. 2, connected to a cable 119, which passes around pulleys 120 and is secured to the cutter carriage.
When the apparatus is used only for rough-cutting, no generating motion of the tools or gear blank is required, and the only movements which take place during cutting are the reciprocating motions of the tools 105. and the feeding in movement of the blank carrier, the blank and blank spindle being held fixed against rotation, except when in- Under these conditions, it is necessary to hold the cutter carriage and segment 54 (see Figs. 5 and 12) stationary and also the blank spindle. This is accomplished by removing the gear 45 from the shaft 46 '(see Fig. 5)'to disengage it from gear 44, and applying to the shaft 46 any suitable locking means that will hold it against movement. The gear 48 ma be disengaged from gear 47, to permit 0 adjusting the cutter support when setting up, and this is accomplished by a shifting lever 121 (see Fig. 7) which controls a sliding collar connected with the gear 48.
The tools and tool slides are constructed and mounted in the manner shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 16 to 20 inclusive. Each of the tool 125 supporting arms 7 and 8 is provided with undercut portions or dovetail guide ways. 122, the tool slides being similarly formed ,to engage said ways and being supported on 126' and is limited in itsmovement by engagement with the wall 127 as shown in Fig.
F ig. 1. Each of the tool slides is provided with an adjustable wedge member I123for taking up any lost motion or wear between the slide and the arm. Each tool slide has bolted thereto atool box 124 and .mounted therein is the pivoted clapper block'125 which is mounted to swing about the axis 18. The tool 128 is held in place on the clapper block by a binder plate 129 and bolts 130 which retain the tool against the tool holder 131, the latter engaging a wedge 132. As the slide travels back and forth, the clapper block and toolare oscillated about the axis 126 in order to present the tool in cutting position to the blank during the cut-I ting stroke, and to withdraw the tool fromthe blank during the return stroke, as well known in this class of machinery. One difficulty has been to obtain this pivotal motion and at the same time hold the tool rigid during the cutting stroke and prevent chatter. This is accomplished in the present embodiment by a construction which effectually takes up any lost motion, and holds the tool. tightly by a wedging action during the cutting stroke. The swinging movement of the clapper block, is accomplished by a connecting device comprising a rod 133 which is slidable in a friction clamp 134:, whereby when the tool slide travels on its return stroke, the tension exerted on the connectingrod'133 rocks the clap-per block so as to withdraw the tool, and during the cutting stroke,
sufficient pressure is exerted on the connecting device 133, to rock the clapper block in the opposite direction and move the tool into cutting position.
To bring about the desired wedging action referred to above, the clapper block 125 is provided with an opening or recess 134 .(see Fig. 18) the opposite operating surfacesof which are inclined to the direction of travel of the tool slide. Cooperating with the recess 13% is an angular tongue or projecting portion 135 which is connected to or carried by the connecting rod 133. The tongue 135 loosely engages recess'lB l and is provided with opposite surfaces that are correspondingly inclined to the direction of travel of the tool slide. As the connecting rod 133 is forced toward the clapper block 125, the latter is held in its outermost position by means of the cooperating inclined surfaces, the tongue 185 acting as a wedge on the clapper block and serving to prevent the slightest chatter, any lost motion being taken up automatically by the necessary additional inward movement of the tongue During the return stroke, the connecting rod 133 is withdrawn with relation to the clapper block, and the outward movement of the tongue 135 causes a correspondlng inward movement of the clapper block which withdraws the tool from the work.
The present application is intended'to include any modifications, changes, or equivalent structures coming within the principles and underlying features of the invention, as
comprehended by the following claims.
We claim:
.1. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a. blank carrier and cutter-support, one movable toward and from the other, of a reciprocating cutter on the cutter support, and bracing members secured to the blank carrier and cutter support and connected with each other so as to permit relative movement, said bracing members being located above the blank and cutter.
2. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a blank carrier and cutter support, one mbvable toward and. from the other, of a reciprocating cutter on the cutter support, and bracing members located above the blank and cutter and secured to the'blank carrier and cutter support, said bracing members being connected together to permit relative movement and one of them being adjustable with reference to its support. a
. 3. Ina gear'cutting machine, the combination with abed, of a blank carrier and cutter support mounted thereon, one having a movement about a vertical axis toward and from theother, a reciprocating cutter on the cutter support, and bracing means connecting said blank carrier and cutter support at their upper portions and permitting the. aforementioned swinging motion." I
4. In a gear cuttin machine, the combination with a bed, 0 a blank carrier and cutter support mounted thereon, one movable about a vertical axis toward and from the other, a reciprocating cutter on the cutter support, and bracin I to the upper portions 0% the blank carrier and cutter support, said bracing members being connected for relative pivotal motion about the aforesaid vertical axis.
5. In. a gear cutting machine, the combination with a blank carrier and cutter sup port, of a. reciprocating cutter on the cutter support, a bed on one side thereof, the
blank carrier and cutter support having relative swinging motion, one toward an from the other, and braclng members secured to the other side of the blank carrier members secured bers secured to the blank carrier an cutter support on the other side thereof, said bracing members being pivotally connected for relative swinging movement about the aforesaid axis and one of them being adjustable on its support. v
7 In a gear cutting machine, the .combi nation with a guide, of a cutter carriage mounted on said guide, means for oscillating the cutter carriage, and a pair of rec1procating tools mounted on the-cutter car-' riage. 8. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a blank carrier, of a clrcular guide, a cutter carriage having oscillatory movement on said circular guide, and a pair of reciprocating tools mounted on said carriage. I
9. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a'circular guide, of a circular cutter carriage having oscillatory move- 'ment on said guide, a pair of reciprocating tools mounted on said carriage, and a blank carrier movable toward and from the cutter carriage to permit indexing of a blank.
10. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with an oscillatory cutter carriage, of a pair of arms mounted on said carriage, one of'said arms being fixed and the other adjustable on the carriage to vary the angle between the arms, slides mounted to travel in said arms, and tools mounted on the slides.
11. In a gear'cutting machine, the combination with a bed and a cutter support arranged thereon, of a blank carrier mounted on the bed, a blank supporting spindle, gearing for rotating the blank supporting spindle, said gearing including a differential housing, generatingmechanism operating to turn said housing and blank spindle,
' and indexing mechanism arranged on the bed and operating intermittently to turn said differential housing and blank spindle at a sufficient speed to effect indexing. I
12. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with -a. bed and a cutter support ar-' ranged thereon, of a blank carrier mounted on the bed, a blank supporting spindle on the blank carrier, gearing'for rotating the blank supporting spindle, said gearing including a centrally arranged vertical shaft, and a differential housing, generating mechanism operatin to turn said housing and blank spindle, s owly during the cutting operation, and indexing mechanism mounted on the bed acting to rotate said differential housing and blank spindle intermittently at a sufficient speed to effect indexing whilethe cutter is disengaged from the blank.
13. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a bed, of a blank carrier and cutter support, one movable toward and from the other to permit indexing, a blank supporting spindle mounted onthe blank carrier, gearing for rotating the blank supporting spindle, saidgearmg including a differential housing, generating mechanism.
operating to turn-said housing and blank spindle, and indexing mechanism supported on the bed and operating to rotate said dif:
ferential housing and blank supporting spindle intermittently at suflicient speed to effectindexing. 1 14. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a blank carrier and cutter sup- 15. In a gear cutting machine, the combi-' nation with a blank carrier and cutter .support, one movable toward and from the other for feeding the tools and permitting indexing, of a cam shaft and cam thereon governing said relative movement, the cam having two separate cam ways and being adjustable on the cam shaft to bring either of said ways into operative position.
16. 'In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a blank carrier and cutter support, one movable toward and from theother for feeding the tools and permitting indexmg, of a cam shaft and cam thereon controlling said relative movement, the cam including two separate cam ways one of which is used for a roughing operation and the other of which is used for a finishing operation, a wall separating said cam ways, said wall having'a cut-away portion therein to permit of moving the cam with relation to a cam controlled projection so as to bring either cam way into operative relationship with said projection, and adjusting means cooperating with the cam for changing its position on the camshaft.
17. In. a gear cutting machine, the combination with a cutter support, of a blank spindle, generating mechanism, means for rotating the blank spindle including a differential housing which is turned slowly during the cutting operation by the generating mechanism to impart a generating motion tothe blank, indexing mechanism, and connections between the indexing mechanism and the differential housing, whereby nism operating through the opposite side of the differential housing to drive said housing and gearing.
19. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a bed, of a blank carrier and cutter support arranged thereon, a blank spindle mounted on'the blank carrier, means for driving the blank spindle including a differential housing located on the bed, generating mechanism operating to drive said housing and blank spindle, and indexing mechanism operating intermittently .to
} quickly drive said housing and blank spindle.
20. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a bed, of a blank carrier and cutter support arranged thereon, a blank spindle on the blank carrier, means for driving the blank spindle including a centrally arranged vertical shaft, differential gearing mounted on said bed for operating the aforesaid vertical shaft and including a housing, generating mechanism operating to drive said housing and vertical shaft slowly, and
indexing mechanism operating intermit-.
tently to drive said housing and vertical shaft quickly for indexing.
21. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a blank carrier and cutter support, one movable toward and from the ative movement.
22, In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a blank carrier and cutter support, one having swinging movement about a vertical axis toward. and from the other,
of bracing means connecting the blank car- I rier. and cutter support at their upper portions and permitting the aforementioned swinging movement.
23. In a gear cutting machine, the combination with a blank carrier and cutter sup:
port, one movable toward and from the other, of bracin members secured to the upper portions 0% the blank carrier and cutter support and connected together to permit relative movement, one of the bracing members having rack and pinion connection with its support to permit adjustment.
' In Witness whereof, we have hereunto signed our names. 7
ARTHUR L. STEWART, EDWARD W. BULLOCK. SCHUYLER H; EARL.v
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US333014A US1380937A (en) | 1919-10-24 | 1919-10-24 | Gear-cutting machine |
US385645A US1378629A (en) | 1919-10-24 | 1920-06-01 | Tool mechanism for gear-cutting machines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US333014A US1380937A (en) | 1919-10-24 | 1919-10-24 | Gear-cutting machine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US1380937A true US1380937A (en) | 1921-06-07 |
Family
ID=23300881
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US333014A Expired - Lifetime US1380937A (en) | 1919-10-24 | 1919-10-24 | Gear-cutting machine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1380937A (en) |
-
1919
- 1919-10-24 US US333014A patent/US1380937A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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