US1296567A - Ejector apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

n. suczex. HECTOR APPARATUS. v* APFLICA'NOI FILED Fil' D. IOIB. IEHEWEWMII. 3|' lill.

1,296,567. MentalA Mar. 4. 19m

2 SHEETS-SHEET- l,

l A TTURNE Y H. SUCZEK.

EJECTOR APPARATUS.

APPLICATION min FEB. s. ma. nenzwfo JAN. 3l. 919.

i A TTHNEY UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

ROBERT SUCZEK, OF PHILADELPHIA. PENNSYLVANIA. ASSIGNORy TO C. WHEELER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF FHILADELPHIA. PENNSYLVANIA. A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

EJECTOR APPARATUS.

Application led February 9, 1918, Serial No. M6335.

Be it known that I. ltonnur Suzi-11i. a sul)A jeet of the Emperor ot' Austria-Hungary, residing;r in the, city ot Philadelphia. eonnty of Philadelphia, and State ot` lenusylrana.

have invented certain new and uaetnl linprovenients in Ejeetor Apparatue1 ot whieh the following' is a speeitieation.

My invention relates to ejeetor apparatus lp wherein elastie motive tiuid is employed to entrain and raise to higher pressure other elastic fiuid. as gas. vapore. ete.. partieularly such as are withdrawn from a steam vondenser at pressure below atmospheric. and 15 raised to higher presaure.

My invention relates more particularly to ejector apparatus eomprising annular or similar nozzle structure for produeiingr a motive fluid jet in the forni of a thin sheet,

either as a Substantially tlat disk or eonieal. copel'ating with an annular dittuner. the motivo Huid entraining the elastie thiid to be compressed, and the mixture being raised in pressure by loss of .'eloeity in the diffuser.

My invention resides in nozzle Strueture for a combination ot the eharaete above described wherein the throat ot' the motive fluid nozzle is formed wholly within one of the nozzle members between which the nozzle tissage is formed. with a ineniber or pro- )ection on the other nozzle ineniber projecting into or through thel throat. such ineniber having constant eros@ seetion through a eon- Siderable portion of its length. whereby notwithstanding adjustment of the nozzle 1neInbers to and from eaeh other the eti'eetiro throat area remains constant., and therefor effects eonntant steam consumption with 40 varying ratio ol expansion in the nozzle and varying lateral area or entrainment surface of the My invention resides also in nozzle struc ture wherein the nozzle, ineinhers are adjustable as to their sparing from each` other. and a member or projeetion adapted to extend into or through the throat in one member is carried and in adjustable with respect to the other nozzle member` whereby not only may the throat area be arljneted. hut the aptio ot expansion is variable. as is also the extent of i entrainnient surface and thieknees of the` jet.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Renewed January Si. 1919. Serial No` 274.364.

For an illustration ot some ot' the various forms luy invention may tala. ret'ereln'e is' to be had to the aeeonlpanyine;r drawing'. in which:

Figure l is a eross sertiorutl View. some partev in el nation. ot ein-ttor apparatunA enihody ingr my invention.

Fig. 2 .is a fragmentary eros` seetional View ot' a forni ot' apparatus embodying my invention wherein the nozzte numbers are adjustable with respeet to eaeh other. and in addition. a nic-inbelearried hy one olI those nozzle nn-ndnrsl is adiustuhle with res-peet thereto and with respeet to the throat in the other zneniher.

Fig. 3 a traglnentury eross set-tional View of a nnulitiration ot' Fin'.

Fig. in a graphie represeutation illustra-- tire ot rl'iax'aeter ot relations between ratio of nozzle outlet area to throat area and thielness of the jet at the outlet ol the nozzle.

Referring to Fig. 1. lireor exhaust lsteam, or other eiastie lnotire tluid ott suitable ehuraeter and preaenre. an eonipresned air or gas, is delivered from a noni-ee thereof', not shown, through the inlet 1 and through the strainer 2 into they pansage to the throatV 'll disposed wholly within one ot the eirenlar disks or nozzle members C between which and the ansoeiated eirt-ular nozzle disk or member l) is the annular nozzle passage l5. from whirh issues a iet of motive tluid direeted into the diffuser passage toi-ined between the ditt'user walls t. il. said passage. haring` a throat at 7 and delivering into the eirelunt'el'entially extendingr diseharg'e passagre lt1 having' the outlet 0. The nozzle strueture and the diH'user are disposed within the easing *l with whieh eoniniunh eale the snetlon inlets` S. S ronnnunieatingir with a eondenaer or separate eondensers. or in general with the spaee or spat-es from whieh the eiaetie inid. as air or uneoi'idensahle vapore, is to be removed, so as to 1naintain therein a enitably high raeuuin.

Secured to or integral with the eirenlar nozzle nieinher l) is tho central lnojeetion t extending' eoinpletely through the throat T into the paelzsage A. when the nozzle member l) is adjusted to the position indieated. For

a etnieiderable portion ot its length this projection i' has. as indu-ated at fl. a uniform `considerable portion of its length.

diameter, whereby it has a constant cross section, of circular or other shape, for a 'l`he projection tmay terminate in any suitably shaped point.

lVith this construction the diameter of the throat T may be made larger for a given steam consumption than would be the case were this projection t omitted or too short to extend into the throat. 'l `urthern1ore, with the throat diameter so enlarged for a given effective throat area, and therefore a given steam consum ition, the distance from the outer border of the throat to the periphery of the members C and D, namely thc outlet of the nozzle, is slightly shortened.

The nozzle member D is adjustable toward and away from the companion nozzle or disk in virtue of the screw threads s on the stem of the member D engaging in the boss?) on the casing E. The end of the stein is squared or otherwise formed as indicated at c, for the application ot' a wrench, whereby upon turning the stem the member l) is screwed toward or away from the member C. lt may he locked in any adjusted position by the lock nut l.

By adjusting the member D as described, the width of the nozzle passage B is varied, and therefore the thickness of the jet issuing therefrom; and the ratio of expansion within the nozzle C. D is also varied by such adjustment. as is also tht` arca of the nozzle outlet. The, change in thickness ot' the jet changes the extent of the lateral surfaces thereof, namely, the cntraining surfaces, because of the tapering of tht` ditfuscr passage. lVith these adjustments of the member D` however. within reasonably wide range, the area ot the throat is not changed, and therefore the steam consumption remains substantially constant, so long as the portion a, of the jn'ojettion f is within the throat T.

The steam or other motive iiuid delivered to the nozzle issues therefrom in a jet in whose lateral surfaces between the periphery of the nozzle and the diffuser walls is entrained the elastic fluid delivered to both sides of the jet through the suction orifices S, S. The mixture is delivered at high velocity' into the diffuser passage, where it loses its velocity and gains in pressure and is delivered into the discharge passage and through the discharge openingat higher pressure. F or example, the apparatus may )e used for withdrawing air or uncondensable vapors from a. Steamcondenser for maintaining therein a vacuum of Suitable degree.

In Fig. 2 the projection t, which extends into or through the throat T, increases in cross section from its free end to its base at the disk e movable in a recess f in the face of the nozzle member D. The disk e is secured to or integral with the stem g, which extends through the stem of the nozzle member D and is screw threaded therein, as indicated by the threads h, and terminates in a square or other suitably shaped part i whereby it may be turned by a. wrench an thereby adjust the projection t with respect to the nozzle member D. A nut j locks the stem y in adjusted position with respect to the stem of the nozzle member D which, as in Fig. 1, is itself adjustable by the screw threads 3.

By this construction the nozzle member D may be adjusted to any suitable or desired position with respect to the nozzle member C, thereby varying the ratio of expansion in the nozzle. the thickness of the jet, and therefore its length before impact with the walls of the diffuser ll, and therefore the extent of the lateral entraining surfaces of the jet. And for any position of the nozzle member D the projection t may be adjusted to any desirable distance into the throat T to var v the effective throat area and therefore the steam consumption. In other words. with a given thickness of jet, determined by the distance of the members C and l) from each other` the throat area may he adjusted and therefore the steam consumption varied, at a given steam pressure. And where thc steam pressure varies, the steam consumption may nevertheless be maintained constant by adjusting the projection f, and vet obtain any desired thickness ot' jet by adjustment of the member D.

ln Fig. 2S the arrangement is similar to that of Fig. z in that the projection t is again adjustable with respect to the adjust-` able nozzle 1in-:uber l). ln this case. however. the nozzle member D is curved approximate its center, as indicated at le, to form a curved projection or boss through the center of which the projection t is adjustable. As shown` the older end of the projection t is conical, and this part thereof may be used for varying the throat area, for any given position ot' the nozzle member D; or by adjusting the projection t further to the left, the portion a of constant cross seetion will be, brought into the throat T so that a constant throat area may be maintained with different positions of the member l).

In Fig. Yl there are shown four plots, the ordinates being ratios of nozzle outlet area to throat area, the nozzle outlet area being found by multiplying the width of the nozzle passage B at the periphery of the members (l and D by the circumference of either of the member l) or C; and the abseiss are thicknesses of jet at outlet of the nozzle, that is, widths of the nozzle passage B at its outlet. in per cent. of a given jet thickness.

The plot or curve lV, in this ease a strai ht line, represents at 100% jet thickness t at thv ylvl tliitltnnss` is i-onzwtant lint that llal 'ration nl' nomi@ ontlct aita to throat :naar Yai'ft' l'ioin :i to lll.

This; plot ll'. oi' a. plot .Hiinilai' to it, mp i'vwnh tlm um; whti' ith a giwn tl' 'rml "im tlm-low. :if-4 tlett-inlinwl lili' a git-ila sutting ol' thil nor/iin niuinlitt' l). tlm them awa is ailjnstwl. as ln' tht* lnojtution ot' Fig. 3 ol thiA i-onit'al part of tht* plojt-t'tion ot' Fill'. l.

'llal plot X, in thia van a horiaontal Htlaitglit lint. rhpi'istnh tlitiilatlon lwtntin tations tliii-kniissvs ot' jit with a i'oiwtant ratio of nozxlv ontli-t :1I-wa to throat ai'va ol' lll. 'this i'ilation may exist in tln #aan whvi'ttho alla at lli@ ontlvt ol' thi"` nozzle. .'aihwv at t'lnl .wunt iatt as thv rhangi in aie'a ol' thv tln'oat.. Thus what; varying thi ilistant'e lwtn'i'tn thil nwnllwis l" :ital D. thas vhatng'ing; tln! nox/ lt` outlet awa. the` tht-oat. arpa iiinilltanvonaly vai'ilal. aa hf.' ailjnst` in;f ltotli tho nltniliti' l) aait this pi'ojlltftion t in Figs. anil il.

llw plot or vinvv Y. in this` vast again :L htiaight linf-n i'vprisvnta ihangi-:s in thitlintss ol ict with possible sininltantons 'hangls in ratio ol' nozzlv ontlvt area to throat awa. llnt thi4 is a pai-titular mmc what@ thil thi-oat awa. riiinains. vonatant. lait thtai'ca of the millo! nt tln` nrw/xiv iaiiew` as wall as thv. tliilltnlw` oi' the` vlift, Titia` is ai'colnplirllnal hy an arrangiant-nt, snvh as Aahown in Fig. l, vilni'tl the throat ai'ta is not val'iuil, lint the tlistancv liitntvn thil nnnilitl'a t1 :intl I) is vai-hat; oi' la awoniplialnal alan In' structure slit-h as shown in Figs. 2 an-.l il, whore', tho. rnmnlwi' l) is :uljilstarl with iispvtt to tht iin-naher (l, lint tlm projta'tion I rif-mailling in flxuil position with Vespri-t to thv throat, T.

Th1 plot Z. in this vaste a www. i't-prv- .wats a poxaililtrelation t'oi' wijting tot thivlmowvs anil for varying rath of harfzzh ontltt gli-vzw to throat` anais. Stn-l1 a relation is availalihr hy the strat-turns illilsti'atml in Figs. 2 atnl 3 hy adjusting the nozzlu nam;- lws l) with z'vspti't. to the ineinhteis il. :enel

suitably attinating also tht nonnina ol the prop-tions to santallily vary thi' throat;

aivas. relation of this vhaiattw is also posaihlo with thil struttura shown in Fig. 'l it thv aanval point nt' the plojufton i' is i-inploywl to mty tht: throat ata.

Front thtl foi'igoing discussion of YFig'. l. ii will la nntlvratootl that tlw plot ort-urnas tlnltin ai'v illustrativo mm'vly ol tlnhan :li-tia' ot" possihlv rilations, asnl that ini in Yvntion is' in no way liinitlial to Iln` partivalai rilation` iinlii-ati'el.

\\'hilt`` thix atipici-nt fai-va ol' tln inianlim's U and l) nl' Figs. l to Il invlnavt am imlifatwl as parallil with talt'h otlwt', it nill liv inntvwtoml that` that may nithli' litt-tgv oi' nonna-gv toward tlitii' piiiplnr'ie-a fo long; an thm pi'oihit'v a motivax llnil t-xnantling passaggi?.

:wh-ii' appaiatna toinprlsing a tlilfuser :unl (loopt-rating nowlv lati'iatin't. saiil nozzle sriafiaw pompt-hang' nir/,xiv nnmlmi's spaced from varia otlnn' to t'tnin a nozzle pasSagt, a. tliioat foi'invil within ont ol' said nwnillm's, :intl a xnoinlwt' wnpportvil hy thv othvi' nozzlvI manillar :mit having; a portion of t'onstantJ www ation ixtmnling' into aaitl throat..

il. Ijeitoi" apparat its i'oinpi'sing' a iliil'usti- :nal hoopt-rating nozzle sti'ni'tln'v` saiil nozzle ,Liti'nvtnw wonipi `Ming' novi/1li' n|vinl)'t\1.\` Hpavvtl from vault othvi to {o1-xn a nozzlo passag, a throat linpoaml in ono ol -aiil invlnliuis. and a invii-llaa* atljinltahlv intlipintlvntly of alitalia? of' vlill nwnilwih longitudinally in said throat..

'it niambui'a. anfl a tliistl mani4 ber carried by said other of said members and adjustable with respect thereto and with respect to said throat, seid third member having different cross sections at different points in its length.

El. Ejector apparatus comprising a di'user and cooperating nozzle structure, said nozzle structure comprising members spaced from each other to form a nozzle passage, a throat in one of said members, means for adjusting the other of said members, and a third member carried by said other of said members and adjustable with respect thereto and with respect to said throat, said third member having a portion of substantially constent cross section adjustable into sid throat.

10. Ejeetor apparatus comprising a diffuser and cooperating nozzle structure, said nozzle structure comprising nozzle members spaced from each other to form a nozzle passage, said nozzle passage having a throat, means for varying the distance between said members, and means for independently varying the ratio of throat area to nozzle outlet area.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature this 8 day of February 1918.

ROBERT SUCZEK.

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