US1292125A - Gas-washing apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

A. L. STEVENS. GAS WASHING APPARATUS. APPLICAHON FILED SEPT- I0. 1912.

Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

a SHEETS-SHEET l- A. L. STEVENS. GAS WASHING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-10.1912.

Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. A. L. STEVENS.

GAS WASHING APPARATUS.

IC l FILED sEPT.1o.1912.

Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

1,292I125' I I a SHEETS*SHEET a ARTHUR L. STEVENS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY

MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

OTTO R. BARNETT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GAS-WASHING APPARATUS.

Specification-of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

Application filed September 10, 1912. Serial No. 719,533.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR L. STEVENS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Washing Appara-' tus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for washing gas and one of the primary ob'ects of the invention is to provide a mac ine which .will wash the gas more thoroughly, uniformly and economically than the apparatuses which have been heretofore used for this purpose.

A further object is to provide an apparatus having positive means for forcing the gas through the washing devices so that the washer in its operation is, to a certain extent at least, independent of the pressure of the incoming gas and of the degree of suction produced by the exhauster.

A further object is to provide a gas washing apparatus which will be very compact, in comparison with the apparatuses now used, and at the same time simple in its construction and inexpensive to build and operate.

A further object is to provide an apparatus which will use a relatively small amount of water. This results in a saving of operat ing expense and also gives a resultant liquid which is more concentrated with the byproducts, ammonia, tar, etc.

A further object is to provide a gas washing machine operating upon the centrifugal principle having the new and improved fea tures and consisting of the novel constructions, arrangements and devices shown in the drawings hereto annexed and which will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

The invention is illustrated, in certain preferred embodiments, in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of one form of apparatus,

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 sectional plans .taken on ii nes 2-2, 33 and 44, respectively, of

Figs. 5 and 6, fragmentary vertical sections showing details of construction, and

Fig. 7,a fragmentary vertical sectional view illustrating a modification.

-21, 22, 23 and 24. The shaft 20 Like characters of reference designate like parts in the several figures of the drawings.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, 10 designates the gas main on which is mounted the communicating casings 11,, 12 and 13, arranged one above the other. water outlet pipe 14 leads from the lower casing 11 to a seal (not shown) or other means for permitting the outflow of water while preventing the escape of gas. 15 designates the gas outlet pipe leading from the upper casing 13, and 16 a water inlet pipe discharging into a casing 17 arranged within the casing 13. The water pipe may have any suitable means for distributing the water. I have shown a nozzle 18, and in the lower part of casing 13, a perforated distributing plate 19.

20 designates a shaft'extending through the casings and mounted in suitable bearings may be driven by any suitable means. I have shown a driving shaft 25 carrying a bevel pinion 26 which meshes with a bevel pinion 27 on the shaft 20. Keyed to the shaft 20 is a collar 28 to which are secured the fan blades or propellers 29 and a plate 30. On the plate are supported a series of superposed annular washing disks or plates 31 (Figs. 1, 3 and 5) secured together and spaced apart by the rivets 32 and spacing sleeves 33. The a'nnular washing plates 31 are progressively smaller in diameter from the top to the bottom so that they form a conical structure having a conical central opening which exposes a portion of the upper surface of each of said plates.

Keyed to the shaft 20 above the devices just described is a collar 34 formed with diagonally and upwardly projecting arms 35 which are slotted to receive a plurality of annular washing plates 36 which are conical in form and are arranged one within and outer edges of the adjacent plates.

rangement of the plates into relatively thin streams .or layers which passing over The casing l'l'within casing 13 is preferably formed with the outwardly projecting flange 4:1 below which are a number of an or propeller blades e2 secured to a collar 43 keyed to the shaft 20.

The operation of the gas washing apparatus above described is as follows: The water entering through the water inlet pipe 16 is distributed by the nozzle and the distributing plate 19 and-is caused to pass between the washing disks or plates 36 which revolve with the shaft 20. From these plates the water passes through the distributing rings 38 which distribute it in cylindrical sheets so that it falls on the exposed portion of the inner edges of the horizontally arranged washing plates 31. These plates also revolve and the centrifugal force carries the water and impurities from the gas to the outer circumferences of the plates, whence it falls into the casing 11 and is carried ofi through the water outlet pipe 1 1. The coni cal structure-permits the water and impurities washed from the gas to fall into the casing without coming into contact with the enters pipe 10 and is acted upon by the fan or propeller 29 which forces it between the Washing plates 31 in the direction generally opposite to the flow of the water. The ar- 31 divides the gas come into contact with the films of water the washing plates in the opposite direction. The ammonia and other solubles in the gas are absorbed by the water and any particles of tar, or the like, in suspension are deposited on the plates and carmed ofi' with the water by the centrifugal force produced by the rotation of the plates. The gas next passes upwardly through the falling streams of water in the casing 12 and then throu h-the distributing rings 38 and the oblique y arranged washingpla'tes 36. It is then acted upon by the fan or'propeller blades 42 and is forced into the annular chamber formed between casings 13 and 17 and out through the gas outlet pipe 15. It willbe seen that the gas is positively forced through the washing apparatus. For this reason the washing operation is, to a certain extent at least, independent of the pressure of gas at the inlet and the degree of suction produced by the exhauster. The pressure produced by the fans is under control and can be varied if circumstances require. As a result the washing operation may be erformed uniformly and evenly. The gas 1s divided into thin streams or layers of uniform width. This results in a very thorough washing. The rotation of the disks or washing plates produces a centrifugal force which acts to positively carry away any particles in suspension in the gas. In the machine shown in the drawmgs the gas is subjected The gas 7 to two centrifugal washing operations, towit, by means of the washing plates 31 and again by means of the washing plates 36. It will be readily understood that, if found desirable, additional units might be introduced between the gas inlet and outlet. The apparatus is very compact. As shown, it need not be at its point of greatest diameter very much larger than the gas main. By dividing the gas and washing liquid into thin streams or films and bringingthese streams or films into intimate relation with each other, in the manner described, a comparatively small quantity of water may be used which is desirable in itself and also because the resultant liquid is concentrated to a relatively high degree with the by-products ammonia, tar, etc.

In Fig. 7 I have shown a modified construction of the upper washing unit. Keyed to the shaft 20 is a collar 44 on which are supported a series of horizontally disposed annular washing plates 45, the arrangement being, in general, the same'as that of the plates 31. The wateris preferably delivered from the circumferences of theseplates to the distributing rings 37 as in the other construction. 4

I claim:

I 1. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart to provide relatively narrow passages, of mechanism for causing the gas to pas between said plates from the outer edge to the inner edge thereof and for causing the washing liquid to pass over the surfaces of said plates against which the gas comes in contact in the opposite direction.

2. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of horizontally arranged annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart, of mechanism for causing the gas to pass between said plates from the outer edge to the inner edge thereof and for causing the washing liquid to pass overbination with a series of annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart to provide relatively narrow nism for causing the gas to pass between said plates and for causing the washing liquid to pass over the same in the opposite direction. V

4. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of annular washing plates superposed. and spaced apart and progressively smaller from top to bottom, of means for introducing the washing liquid between the plates through the central openings therein, and mechanism for causing the gas to pass between the plates from the outer circumferences thereof to said central openlng. Y

passages, of mechabination with a series of annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart and progressively smaller from top to bottom, of distributing means above said plates for dividing the washing liquid into annular streams and causing the Same to be delivered to the inner circumferences of said plates, and means for causing the gas to pass be tween the plates from the outer circumferences thereof inwardly.

6. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of annular. washing plates superposed and spaced apart and progressively smaller from 'top to bottom, of a second series of annular washing plates progressively smaller from top to bottomand arranged above the central openings in the first series, power actuated mechanism for causing the washing liquid to pass between the plates of said two series successively from the center outwardly, and power actuated mechanism for causing the gas to pass between the 'platesof said series in the opposite direction.

7. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart and progres'sively sm'aller from top to bottom, of a second series of annular washing plates progressively smaller from top to bottom and arranged above the central openings in the first series, and distributing rings between thetwo series of washing plates.

8. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of annular washing plates superposed. and spaced apart and progressively smaller from top to bottom, of a second series of annular washing plates progressively smaller from top to bottom and arranged above the central openings in the first series,-means for. introducting the washing liquid above the second series of platesyand power actuated mechanism for positively forcing the gas between said series of plates successively.

9. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of superposed washing plates having a central orifice and spaced apart to provide relatively narrow passages, of power actuated mechanism for positively forcing the gas to pass between said plates, and power actuated mechanism for causing the washingliquid to pass over the plates from the edge of said central opening to the outer edge of said plates in a directlon opposite to the flow of the gas.

10. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart, of means for rotating the same, means for introducing the washing liquid to the middle portionof the plates, and means for causing the gas to pass over the plates from their outer circumferences inwardly.

11. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of, annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart to provide relatively narrow passages, of means for rotating the same, means for introducing the washing liquid between said plates through the central openings therein, and means for causing the gas to pass between the plates from their circumferences toward the center.

12. In apparatus for' washing gas, the combination with a-series of annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart, of means for rotating the same, means for introducing the washing liquid between said plates through the central openings therein and a rotary fan below said plates.

13. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart and progressively smaller from top to bottom, of means for rotating said plates, means for causing the gas to pass between the plates from their outer circumferences inwardly, and distributing means for the washing liquid arranged above the central openings in said plates .14. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart and progressively smaller from top to bottom, of means for rotating said plates, means for causing the gas to pass between the plates from their outer circumferences inwardly, and distributing means for the washing liquid arranged above the central openings in said plates consisting of a plurality of vertical rings one arranged within the other.

15. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of annular, hori- 'zontal washing plates superposed and spaced apart and progressively smaller from top to bottom, of means for'rotating' said plates, means for causing the gas to pass between the plates from their outer circumferences inwardly, and distributing means for the washing liquid arranged above the central openings in said plates.

16, In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of horizontal, annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart and progressively smaller from top to bottom, of a' fan arranged below said plates which directs the gas to the outer circumferences thereof, and distributing means for the 1120' said plates from liquid outlet at the bottom,

said plates from their circumferences inwardly, and means for causing the washing liquid to pass over said plates in the opposite direction.

18. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a series of annular washing plates superposed and spaced apart and progressively smaller from top to bottom, of a second series of annular plates arranged above the central openings in the first serles, means for rotating both series of plates, means for causing the gas to pass between their circumferences inwardly, means for causing the washing liquid to pass over said plates in the opposite direction, and distributing rings arranged between said two series of plates.

19. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a gas main, of communicating casings mounted thereon having a a gas outlet at the top and a water inlet at the top, a rotatably central shaft extending through said casings, and a plurality of series of annular washing plates over which the gas passes, the plates of each series being arranged one, below the other, spaced apart and progressively smaller from top to bottom; two of said series of said plates being fixed upon said shaft, the plates of one of the latter.

series being horizontal and those other inclined.

20. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a gas main, of communicating casings mounted thereon having a liquid outlet at the bottom, a gas outlet at the top and a water inlet at the top, a central shaft extending through said casings, a plurality of series of annular washing plates, the plates of each series being arranged one below the other, spaced apart and progressively smaller from top to bottom, and fans on said shaft-adapted to force the gas'between said plates.

21. In apparatus for washing gas, the combination with a gas main, of c0mmuni eating casings mounted thereon having a liquid outlet at'the bottom, a gas outlet at the top and a water inlet at the top, a central shaft extending through said casings, a

of the plurality of series of annular washing plates, 2

the plates of each series being arranged one below the other, spaced apart and prbgres sively smaller from top to bottom, and liquid distributing rings arranged between said series of plates. 1

22. In apparatus for washin combination with a gas main, 0 commun catin'g casings mounted thereon, the lower casing formed "with a liquid outlet and the upper casing comprising aninner-chamber and an annular chamber surrounding the in-' annular chamber formed in the upper casing and out through the gas outlet pipe,

23. In apparatus for washing gas the combination with a source of supply for carrying gas to the apparatus, of a series of annular washing gas, the

plates spacedv apart,

power actuated means in addition to said "source of supply for causing the gas to pass between the plates, and power actuated means for causing the washing liquid to pass over the same in the opposite direction.

24:. A gas washing unit comprising a casing, a series of annular washin plates spaced apart, and power-actuate means within the casing for'forcing gas between said plates and for forcing the .washing liquid over the same in the oppositedirection. 1

25. A gas washing unit comprising a casing, a series of annular plates spaced apart within the casing, means the washing liquid against the inner edges of said plates, means for causing said washing liquid to traverse the plates to their outer edges, upon which the plates are mounted, and means for forcing gas in the opposite direcfor discharging comprising a rotatable shaft- 7 tion to the passage of said liquid and be-

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