US1140723A - Combined air-pump and starter for explosive-engines. - Google Patents

Description

F-. E. TEN EYCK. COMBINED AIR PUMP AND STARTER FOR EXPLOSIYE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED IITNE I2, I9I4.

Patented May 25, 1915.

6 SH EETS SHEET I.

Q vi/bnmeo: I. I gnventoz as I WK v M1924 WW F. E. TEN EYCK. COMBINED AIR PUMP AND STARTER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, I914.

Patented May 25, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.'

F q n00 MM F. E. TEN EYCK. I COMBINED AIR PUMP AND STARTER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I2, I9I4.

1,140,723. Patented May 25, 1915.

6SHEETSSHEET 3.

. p v I I 5 15 g I I I 46 i I 1 M 23 I I I Z2 ,x 16

3 I Y v 10 66 V I U 55 I I F. E. TEN EYC K. 4 COMBINED AIR PUMP AND STARTER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

I APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, I914- 1,140,723. Patented May 25, 1915 6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

F. E. TEN EYCK.

COMBINED AIR PUMP AND STARTER-FOR ExPLosm ENGINES.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1914.

1,140,723. Patented May 25, 1915.

F. E. TEN EYCK.

COMBINED AIR PUMP AND STARTER FOR EXPLOS VE ENGINES.

Patented May 25, 1915.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE I2. 1914, 1,140,723. T

6 SHEETS-SHEET a.

UNITED STATES PATENT orrron.

FRANK- n. Tait-Eran, or-nusurm, NEW Yon-K, nssronon To AUTO Ammo'ron."

'To'all whom it may concern Be it 'known that I, FRANKE. TENEYGK,

l a citizen of the United States, residing at "Auburn, in the county of'caeyuga and: State vtures hereinafter described, reference being I had to the accompanying drawings which illustrate an embodiment of the invention and the said invention vehicle,

selected by me for purposes of illustration,

is fullydisclosed in the following description and claims.

Referring to the said'drawings,

' Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved air pump and startershowing it operatively connected with the .BXplOS10Il engine of an automobile or other motor a portion of the dash board being indicated in section and the location of the air pressure gage and control mechanism for the hand operated control valve'being also illustrated. Fig. 2 is a front end elevation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a rear end elevation of the combined pump and starter detached, drawn to a slightly enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the combined pump and starter, a portion of the mechanism being indicated in section. Fig. 5 is a rear end view of a portion of the apparatus showing the main and auxiliary distributer valve casings with thecovers removed and the valves removed. Fig. 6 is" a detail view of the main distributer valve showing the inner face thereof. Fig. 7 is similar view of the auxiliary distributer val e showing the inner face; Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on line 8-8 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows, and showing the assembled relation of the main and auxiliary distributor valves. Fig. 9 is a side elevation partly -in section of the hand operated control valve .-on the dash. F 10 is an elevation with the'cover of the valve casing removed, showing the valve in position. Figs. 1.1 and 12 are detailed views of the inlet and exhaust valves with which each cylinder of the. combined pump and starter is provided. Fig. 13 is a detailed Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 12, 1914. Serial No. 844,611.

' OQMPANY, 0F CHICAGOQILLINOIS, .A CORPORATION OF'MAINE.

COMBINED AIR-PUMP LAND STARTER- IFOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGIN'ES.

Patented. 25, 1915.

sectional view of one of tlieautomatic valves with which each cylinder ofthe 'pump and starter, and each cylinder of the en'gine, is provided. L

The object of my invention. is to provide an apparatus oper atively connected'to and combined with an explosion engine: which can be operated by the engine as a pump for the purpose of compressing and storing air or other motor fluid, and which can bcoperated by said compressed motor fluid so as to convert it into a motor for the pur pose of starting the explosion engine, that is to say, for the purpose of turning over the engine sufliciently to enable ittooperate as an explosion engine under its own power. While the combined pump and compressed fluid motor herein shown and described may be relied upon to impart sufficient motion and momentum to the moving apparatus of the explosion engine to start the same, in

the preferred embodiment of my invention herein shown and described, I prefer to combine with my improved pump and compressed fluid motor, operativcmeans for'admitting the compressed motor fluid simultaneously to the engine cylinders and motor cylinders and for automatically controlling the supply of motor fluid so that the engine willbe more quickly andpowerfully actuated and will more quickly attain the desired momentum to enable it' to "operate under its own power supplied by'the combus tion of the explosive mixture. I also prefer to provide means for relieving the engine cylinders in which compression'is takllljfif place during the time that the compressed motor fluid is being supplied directly to the engine cylinders in succession, or in other words, for relieving the compression in the nextprec'eding engine cylinder to facilitata the operation of the engine under the force of the compressed motor fluid and enable it to more quickly attain the desired speed and momentum. In this my preferred construction, the combined pump and starter may be made very small and need not be capable of exerting more than the necessary power for turning the engineofi of the dead center as in practice it is found that an explosion engine or internal combustion engine has a tendency to stop at the dead center and as will be hereinafter more fully described, as soon as the com pressed fluid air has moved the crank shaft of the engine oil of the dead center, the

- compressed motor fluid will be admitted to the appropriatecylinder of the engine, thus enabling it to start immediately under the actuation of the motor fluid andto thereafterquicklyand almost instantaneously atout the cooperation of means for supplying compressed motor fluid to the engine cylinders, if desired. t

In the accompanying drawings 1 repre sents the explosion or internal combustion I engine, which in this instance is provided with four explosion cylinders 2, 3, 4, and 5.

6 represents the crank shaft-which is provided in this instance with a sprocket wheel 7 by means of which power may be transmitted to the combined pump and compressed fluid motor.

The engine as illustrated in Fig. 1 is mounted on the forward part of the chassis 'of iifiautomolnile or OtLQLmOtOr vehicle, the

I dashboard of which is indicatedat 8..

i a gear wheel 16 mounted shaft.

The combined pump and motor is'shown in Figs. 1 and 2 as located at one side of the engine and suitably supported in fixed relation thereto and it comprises a baseportion 10 and a plurality of cylinders, three cylinders 11, 12, and 13, being shown in the .eni-

bodiment illustrated in the drawings. Each of the cylinders is provided with a piston and piston rod of ordinary construction (not shown) operatively connected in the usual.

-manner with a crank shaft 14, which in this instance is provided with a pinion 15 having a broad face, said pinion being in mesh with on a secondary shaft 17, journaled in hearings in the base 10 of the pump, and extending longitudinally through the same, said gear 16 being connected to the shaft by a key 18 and being capable of sliding longitudinally on the Loosely mounted on, the shaft is a hub or clutch member 19 provided with a clutch recess 20 to receive a clutch projection 21 which'is preferably secured to the gear 16 and upon the hub or clutch member 19 is secured a sprocket 22 by means of a key or otherwise, which sprocket is connected by a sprocket chain 9 with the sprocket 7 on the crank shaft of the engine. I alsoprovide automatic means for clutching the sprocket wheel 22 to the secondary shaft 17, in this projection 21"and recess 20 which mechanism includes instance by moving the gear wheel 16 end wise on the shaft 17 to interlock the clutch (see Fig. 4-) a cylinder 23 provided with a piston 24 working therein, and

piston rod 25 having a shoulder 26 forlii'nlting its outward motion. by enga qement 28 being provided in this instance within the cylinder 23 and surrounding the piston rod 25 for returning the parts to normal position.

Each of the pump cylinders is provided with an inlet valve 30, one of-which is shown in detail in Fig, 11, in this instance 'providedwith a spring seated valve, and

the upper end of the pump cylinders, which are preferably formed as a single casting, are connected by a delivery passage 31, indicated in F ig.-12,-and-each engine cylinder is provided with an outlet valve indicated at 32 in Fig. 12, provided with spring pressed ball valve which opens to permit the air' I compressed in the cylinder to pass through the .discharge passage 31. The discharge.

passage 31 communicates with a pipe 33 which is connected through the hand operated control valve hereinafter referred to with a storage tank (not shown) and I prefer to designatethe pipe:33 as the pump line, for convenience of-reference.

3 1 represents abranch line or by pass from the pump line or discharge passage 31 to the clutch operating cylinder 23 (see Fig. 4), for supplying compressed air to the cylinder 23 to operate the clutch. From the foregoing description of the apparatus, it will be apparent that if the tank is partially charged with air and the control valve hereinafter described is placed in such a posipump line 33 and the tank, the back pressure from the tank will pass to the by pass 3i and actuate the piston 24-, thus clutchingthe "35, one of which is shown in detail in. Fig. 13. This valve comprises a body 3.6,pro-

vided with a valve seat 37, a needle valve or 'stem valve 38, adapted to slide in a suitable guiding means provided in connection with the cas ng 36, in this instance a threadedsleeve 39, the valve stem'being provided with a piston-40 working in an extension chamber 41 and provided With a spring 42, which normally holds the valve seated. The

'tion as to open communication between the casing 36 is provided with an inlet aperture 4:3 to which a pipe may be connected, and the extension chamber is provided below the piston with an inlet 44 to which a pipe can.

.be connected, for the purpose of introducing simultaneously compressed air to operate on the lower face of the piston and raise the valve 011' of its I seat. The relief chambers below the pistonsAO in all of the automatic valves. 35 are connected with a by pass 46 in any desired way, in this instance-by connecting pipes 46 (see Fig. 4:), so that the pistons -10 may be entering through the'pipe or by pass 46 as hereinbefore explained.

At one end of the pump mechanism I provide'wha-t I term the main distributercasing, indicated at 50 and best shown in Figs. 5 and 8. This casing is conveniently formed on the end of the pump base and a reduced portion 14 of the pump crank shaft extends into it and is provided at its end with a pair of apertures 14. The casing 50 is closed by a cap 51 and within the casing is a ho tary disk valve 52, which is preferably provided with pins 53 for engaging the aper- -tures 14 in the crank shaft and connecting the disk, to the crank shaft. The inner face.

of the disk is ground to fit against the inface of the recess, formed within the casing 50 and the disk is provided with a segmental slot 54 and with a segmental recess 55 on-its inner face having a short passage 56 extending therefrom and communicating with a central passage 14 in the crank shaft 14:, which terminates at one side of the. shaft atsome convenient point inside of the casing to-take care of the exhaust when the pump is used as a fluid pressure motor as hereinafter described. It will be understood that the-casing 10 of the pump will be provided fnight be delivered. in any with the usual breathing aperture 10 The bottom face of the recess within the casing 50, against which the valve disk 52 rotates is provided with three ports 11, 12, and 13, from which passages extend which are connected by pipes 11*, 12 and 13 respectively with the casing 36 of the automatic valve on the pumpcylinders 11, 12, and 13 respectively. The. relation of the segmental aperture54 and the segmental recess 55 of the valve disk 52 aresuch that during theofthe' casing j50 communicat es with .a late'ral passage 57 in a ,boss 58' on the end of the pump casing which boss' is provided witlilan inlet apcrture 59 connected by a 'pipe 60.;with the compressed air tank through the hand operated control valve hereinafter described, the pipe, -'60 being termed for convenience, the starter pipe line.

actuated by compressed air through the recess-55, to the exhaust The boss 58 is also provided with alateral aperture 61 to which is connected the by pass pipe &6 before referred to, which communicates with the relief chambers of all the automatic valves.35 for thepurpose of lifting-thevalves 03 their seatsf as before stated.

It will now be seen that if the connection between the pump line 33 and the tank is cut ofi, and communication between the starter pipe line 60 and the tank is established, compressed air from the tank athigh pressure will be delivered through the starterpipe line to the boss 58 an will pass thence through the pipe 46' to the relief so chambers of the. several automatic valves, thus. opening the valves 38 and the motor fluid will also pass through the passage 57 into the main distributer 50 and through the slot 54 and theparticular port which is uncovered at the time to one of the pump cylinders through the automatic valve 35 thereof, thereby imparting motion to the piston in the said valve, and starting the pump mechanism, which" then acts as a motor.

The rotation of the disk 52 will distribute the compressed fluid to the pump cylinders in rotation as before stated, and'the' cylinders will'exhaust in the manner described so that a rapid rotation of the shaft 14 is.

effected by the device acting as a motor. The intgoduction ofcompressed air into the pump cylinders will simultaneously open the outlet.valves 32 thereof and permita portion of the compressed fluid to pass into the'1 00 passage 31, which being in communicatlon with the by pass 34 and the trunk line 33 being closed as before stated, will effect automatically the operation of. the piston 24 .in the cylinder 23 and clutch the Wheel 16 to the sprocket wheel 22 connected with the engine, therebyimparting motion from the crank shaft of the starter to the engine shaft as will be readily understood.

As before stated in the preferred fc-i'f-hifl of my invention herein Sl'lOWI1,I also provide means for simultaneously admitting the pressure fluid when the.pump mechanism is operated as a motor, .to the successive cylinders of the explosion engine and forv this- 1 purpose I employ an auxiliary distributer which is driven by the starter and is arranged so as to be connected to the engine shaft is proper timing therewith. In the embodiment of my invention herein shown,

I operate the auxiliary distributer by means of the secondary shaft 17 before referred to and the distributer casing65'is preferably formed .on the end plate of the pump base 10 adjacent to the main disti'ibuter casing 50 and is in communication with the passage 57 receiving compressed air from the starter pipe line 60 as, clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 8. The casing 65 is provided with a removable cap 66 and-containsa rotary disk valve 67 which is provided withpins 68 engaging apertures in theend of a reduced portion 17 of the shaft 17 and the said shaftl'? is provided with a relief passage 17 extend- 5 ing longitudinally therethrough .and discharging at' one side of the shaft, preferably within the pump base. The disk valve 67 is provided with a set .iental recess 69 for admitting the motor fluid successively to ports 2", 3 4", and 5 which communicate with passages leading to pipes 2 3", P, and 5 the said pipes extending respectively to automatic valves 35*, mounted on and communicating with the several cylinders of the engine. These automatic valves 35 are constructed like the automatic valves 35, one of which is shown in Fig. 13 in detail, except that they are slightly larger, and it will be unnecessary to repeat the description of the valve 35. Each of these valves 35 is pro vided with a relief chamber, the relief chambers being connected by pipes 46 which are preferably slightly curved to avoid inter ference with the spark plugsof the explosionengine cylinders, and the lastvalve 35 of the series is connectedby a short by pass 46 (see Fig. 1) with the starter pipe line so that pressure fluid from the starter pipe line can pass to the relief chambers of all the valves 35 beneath the pistons therein, and lift the valves off of their seats, leaving the automatic valves in open communication with the auxiliary distributer ports 2, etc., before referred to, and thus enabling 35 the distributer valve disk 67 to supply compressed air to the engine cylinders in rota-' tlon.

In starting an .explosion-engine'the power exerted to turn over. the engine shaft is naturally resisted by the compression in the particular cylinder the piston of which is i moved backward toward the head of the cylinder, and to facilitate the quick starting of the engine, I prefer to relieve this compression automatically, which occurs in one of the cylinders, in advance of the one to which compressed motor fluid is being admitted in the cycle of operation of the engine. To this end the valve disk'67 is provided in its inner face with a segmental recess 70 (see Fig. 7) in communication with the central passage'17 of the shaft 17, and this recess 70 is located a suflicient distance in advance of the recess 69 to bring it into communication with the port for themext preceding cylinder, or in other words, the cylinder in which compression is taking place, at the time the recess 69 opens one of the ports of the auxiliary distributer to receive com- 80 pressed motor fluid. This permits the compression in. the cylinder ahead to be relieved back through the auxiliary distribp'ter 55-and through the passage '17". In order to facilitate theoperation of the engine under its own explosive power, I prefer to make that it will have the necessary effect while when the engine attains high speed, the

-minute passage will not be sulficient te .permit all of the compressed explosive. mixture 70 which will be drawn into the engine cylinders and compressed therein to be \relieved in the short instant of time that the recess 70 is over the appropriate port. To this end I conveniently insert in the relief passage 17 a bushing 17 provided-with a very minute central. aperture as shown in Fig. 8 Y which restricts the relief passage and accomplishes the desired result before stated. Ob: I viously, the compressed air employed in op erating the cylinders of the engine in starting will exhaust through the normal exhaust ports of the engine when the exhaust valves of the engine are opened by the cammechanism forming'part of the engine mechai nism, the details of which are thoroughly understood by those skilled in the art and need not therefore be particularly described and shown herein. i

For convenience in applying my invention to-the engines of automobiles and other mo tor vehicles so that the mechanism can be controlled from a point adjacent to the steering wheel or steering shaft, I employ a controlling valve which is illustrated in detail I in Figs. 9 and 10, and which is also shown. in Fig. 1. This control valve comprises a valve casing 75 wl1ich may be conveniently mounted upon the steering sleeve 76 through which thesteering shaft 77 provided with the usual steering wheel 78, extends. This casing is provided on the rear face with a removable cover. 75 preferably provided with a hollow boss 7 5 which is connected at one end with a pipe80extending to the tanl; (not shown), which may be of any desired form or size and which is preferably provided with the usual out ofi valve. by which it can be hermetically closed, so as to disconneot'it from the pipe line and prevent 11 0. leakage when the apparatus is left for a con-' siderable time in order that there always may be a reserve of compressed fluid in the tank. The other end of the passage in the boss 75" is connected by a pipe 81 with a 115.

pressure gage 82, which preferably has its dial so located that it can be seen by the operator.v The valve casing 7 5 is provided on its interior face with two ports 83 and 84 communicating with lateral passages which.

are connected respectively with the starter pipe 'line 60 and the pump line 33. As previously stated, a by pass 46 is connected to the starter pipe line and this connection" may be accomplished conveniently by means of a secondary passage in the valve casing, indicated at 46 communicating with the port 83 and to which the pipe 46 is connected, or the pipe 46 might be directly connected with the starter pipe line 60 at some other point, if it is found more convenient. The-valve-casing 75 is also pro- 'yided with oscillating disk valve 90 which. is

' head and the shaft 95 may provided with .two apertures 91 and 92.

ada ted the one to be brought into registration with'the port83 and the'j other to be brought into registration with the port'84,

and the disk valve is provlded with lateral projections 93 at oppositesides, adapted to 'engage a pin 94 and stop the valve when it is in one or the other of its operative positions, While in a central position between the two operative positions, both of the ports 83 and 84 will be closed by the solid portion of the disk as clearly shown in Fig. .10. For convenience the oscillating valve disk 90 is provided with a valve stem 95 extending out through they front of the casing and provided' with an operating handle 96 and pointer 97 which is placed over-the dial 98, and the dial will be marked with an indication for off or neutral position and also for the pump and starter positions. The control valve may be provided with a suitable clamp as indicated at 7 5 for attaching it to the sleeve 7 6 of the steering also be supporta suitable bearing 99 ed at its outer end in 100 for engaging the provided with a clamp steering head and'holding the shaft in proper position. I also prefer to employ a spring indicated at 100 in Fig; for malntaining the oscillating disk 90 in close engagement with the inner face of the valve casing 7 5.

The various parts of the apparatus having now been described, it will be understood that if the engine is running and it is detired to compress a quantity of air into the tank and store the same,

throw the handle 96 to the indicated position for operating-the combined pump and starter as a pump, which moves the control valve disk 90 into position to bring the aperture 92 into communication with the port 8 1, the back pressure ofair .already contained in the tank will immediately exert l v i itself through the pump line as before described and through 'mitting power from the the bv pass 34 so as to actuate the piston 24 and connect the gear 16 with the sprocket 22, thereby transengine to the pump 2' .shaft 15 and driving the pistons thereof so as to compress air therein,

cllargedl through which is disthe outlet valves 32, the a sage 31 communicating therewith, and c throii'gh the fpu mp line 33, ports 84 a d 92and tank pipe 80,.t0 the tank, the accumulated pressure being indicated on the gage 82 When the gage reaches the desired point say 200 lbs, the operator Wlll 'move the handle 96 to the neutral position,

thus shutting the pump line at the control valve and the loss of pressure' in the pump line which follows will permit the spring the operator will cilitate the turning over of the engine.

28 to disconnect the clutch mechanism engine. Supposing that the engine is at rest and it is desired to start the engine, the operator will move the handle 96 into the position to bring the valve port 91 into registration with the'port 83 and establish communication between, the tank and the starter pipe line 60, and simultaneously establish communication between the tank and by pass 46 leading to the automatic valves 35 of the engine cylinder, and simultaneously establishing communication between the tank and by pass46 leading to the relief chambers of the automatic valves 35 of the pump cylinders. The compressed air from the tank passing through the starter pipe line 60 passes to the boss 58 and to the main and auxiliary distributers before described. As the engine usually stops on dead center the admission of compressed air to the appropriate port in the auxiliary distributer to the appropriate engine cyl-, inder through the automatic valve 35,- the valve of which is now open, would not effect the movement of thepiston therein, but the admission of the compressed air throughthe main distributer to the appropriate pump cylinder, will immediately start the pump, which acts as a motor, and the admission of compressed air to any pump cylinder transmits the pressure of the motor fluid as before stated through the exhaust valves 32 of the pump and the passage 31 v the engine cylinder preceding the one which receives compressed air, is partially relieved of its compression, as before stated, to fay this means the engine is brought practically by one or two revolutions of the crank shaft to high speed, and as the cylinders not immediately operating under compressed air are drawing and partially compressing their charges ofexplosive material which will be exploded by the igniters in the usual manner, the effect is an almost instantaneous starting of the engineunder its own power,

after which the handle 96 is thrown to the neutral position and the supply of com pressed fluid to the pump and engine eylinders 1s cut off, after which the engine continues to operate underits own power and the spring 28 withdraws the clutch member 21 from the recess 20, permitting the combined pump and starter to be brought to a condition of rest.

In order to quickly relieve the pressure in the pump line S3 whenever the control valve is moved to neutral position, so as to permit the spring 28 to retract the piston 24 and Withdraw the clutch member 21, I prefer to provide the control valve With special means for relieving the pressure in the pump line, which consists in this instance of the following instrumentalities. The valve casing of the controlvalve is provided With a small relief passage 5 extending from the bearing aperture of the valve shaft 95 to the atmosphere. The valve shaft is provided With a recess 95 adapted to be brought into registration With the relief passage 75 when the valve 90 is in neutralposition and the valve 90 is provided with a recess 90* in its face, communicating with the shaft recess 95 and extending outwardly far enough so that when the valve is in neutral position, this recess 90 will extend over the port 84, which communicates with the pump pipe line 33. The result of this construction is that as soon as the valve 99 is turned to neutral position from either the pump position or starter position, it *Jvill establish communication between the pump pipe line 33 and the atmosphere through the valve recess 90, shaft recess 95, and relief passage 75, thus permitting the pump line to immediately relieve its pressure, thereby relieving the pressure in the cylinder 23 behind the" piston 24, and permit the spring 28 to quickly Withdraw the clutch member 21.

\Vhen'the control valve is-in neutral position and the relief passage 75 in com- -munication with the port Set, the reduction "through the relief passage of'pressure in the pump line 33 just described, permits the compressed fluid in the particular cylinder of the pump and starter which at the moment is in communication With the main distributer 51 (and one or other of said cylinders is at all times in communication with the distributor), to exhaust through the exhaust valve into the pump line '33 and thence to the atmosphere This relieves the col'npression in. the starter line 60 extending to the distributer 51 and in the by pass 46 communicating With the actuating cylinders of the auxiliary inlet valves of the pump and starter, thus permitting the said valves to close. At the same time the pressure in the by pass 46 extending from the starter pipe line (30 to the actuating cylinders for the auxiliary valves 35 of the sition as soon as the controlling valve is restored to neutral position. I

When the combined pump and starter 1s operated from the engine as before .de-

reached in the tank, the springs holding the automatic valve 35 on their seats, which are adjusted to resist any pressure below that desired ,in the tank,. will thereafter yield and perinit an escape of compressed air from the pump cylinders. The valves 35 will thus act as safety valves to prevent the accumulation of too great pressure in the tank.

As beforestated, I prefer to provide the herein described means for admitting compressed air-to the cylinders of the engine itself, as a quicker starting of the engine is obtained, since power is applied directly to the pistons'pf the engine and the combined pump and starter mechanism merely acts under these conditions to turn the-engine oil the dead center and assist the operation .of the engine in attaining high speed quickly. I wish it to be understood that my improved pump and starter mechanism'can be usedwithout this direct connection with the engine cylinders 'by omitting the auxiliary distributing mechanism hereinbefore described anc the connections therefrom to the cylinders, and the automatic valves 35 will also be omitted from the engine cylinder under such conditions. The apparatus so modified can be utilized to compress air as before described, and also to notes a motor and start the engine through the connection between the'gear Wheel 16 and the sprocket wheel 22 and sprocket chain 9.

The convertible motor compressor above referred to is not herein specifically claimed, as it forms the subject matter of a'separate application:

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In starting mechanism for an explosive engine, thecombinationwith a compressed fluid motor, means for supplying compressed fluid thereto, means for operatively connecting the motor with the crank shaft of the engine, connections from the means for supplying compressed fluid to the motor, extending directly to a cylinder of the engine, independent of any supply of explosive mixture thereto for positively operating the engine by fluid pres sure. i

2. In starting mechani'smior an explosive engine, the combination with a compressed fluid m'otor, a storage tank. means for supplying compressed li-ui d from said. tank to said motor, meansfor operatively connecting the. motor With the crankshaft of the engine, and means opera trolled by the operation of the supplying compressed fluid from Q :e jtgnk 1 directly ate a cylinder of the engine, independently oftthe supply of the explosive mixture thereto, -whereby said .motor will ;the engine, a storage der, a connection from the tank to said tributer, normally closed valves for closing pump and motor,

operate to rotate the engine shaft and will also supply the said engine cylinder with compressed .fluid acting directly therein.

3. The combination with an explosion engine :provided with a plurality of cylinders, of a compressed fluid motor, means for operatively ;connecting' the same with the engine crank shaft, a storage tank connected with ;the;motor, a distributer oper- 'eratively controlled by said pump and motor, connections from said distributer to the auxiliary air inlets of the engine cylindissaid inlets, and means for automatically opening said valves.

5. The combination with an ex losion engme provided with a,plurality 0 cylinders, each of said cylinders having an auxiliary inlet for compressed 'fluid; of a combined pump and motor, means for operatively' connecting the same with the crank shaft of the engine, astoragetank connected with said pump and motor, a distributeroperatively controlled by saidpump and motor, connections from said distributer 'to .the

auxiliary air inlets of the engine cylinder,-

a connection fronr the tank to said distributer, normally closed valves for closing said inlets, a cylinder and piston for opening'each of said .valves, and a by pass for connecting the tank with said valve-com trolling cylinders for automatically opening said valves. g,

6. The combination with an explosion engine provided with a plurality of cylinders, each of said cylinders'havingan auxiliary inlet for compressed fluid; ofxa combined means for operatively connecting the same with-'the'crank shaft of.

the engine, a storage tank connected with said pump and motor, a distributer operatively controlled by said pump rand-motor, connections from said distributer'jto the auxiliarv air inlets of the .enginecylinder, said distributer including among its 111181115 bers a distributer valve provided with means for establishing communication between the tank and the engine cylinders successively, said valve being also provided with means for establishing communication between said engine cylinders and the at-" gine having a plurality of cylinders,'each having an auxiliary inlet for compressed motor fluid, of a combined pump and motor, means for operatively connecting the same to the crank shaft of the engine, a storage tank connected with said combined pump and motor, a distributer comprising a valve casing having ports connected with the auxiliary inlets of said engine cylinders, and having a relief passage communicating with the atmosphere,and a rotary distributer valve in said casing operatively connected with the combined pump and motor and provided with an inlet port adapted to establish communication between the storage tank' and the engine cvlinders in succession, said valve having a relief aperture adapted to establish communication between themgine cylinders and said relief passage.

8. The combination with an explosion engine having a plurality of cylinders, each having an auxiliary inlet for compressed motor fluid, of a combined pump and motor, means for operatively connecting the same to the crank shaft of the engine, a storage tank connected with said combined pump and motor, a distributer comprising a valve casing having ports connected with the auxiliary inlets of said engine cylinders and having a relief passage communicating with the atmosphere, and a rotary distribuf.

ter' valve in said casing operatively connected with the combined pump and motor andprovided with an inlet port adapted to establish communication between the storagetank and the engine cylinders in succession, said valve having a relief aperture adapted to establish communication between the engine cylinders and said relief passage, said relief passage being of such reduced size as to be insufiicient to entirely relieve the compression in the cylinders when the engine is being operated at high speed.

9, The combination with an explosion engine provided with a plurality of cylinders.-

. each of said cylinders having an auxiliary inlet-aperture, a normally closed valve controllingsaid aperture, and a piston and cylinder for opening said valve, of a combinedpump and motor, a storage tank 0031- v ,nectedtherewith, a main distributer interposed between' the tank and the cvlinders of the pump and motor for supplying combined pump and motor to the crank shaft pressed fluid to operate the same as a motor, an auxiliary distributer operatively connected with the pump and motor, connections between said auxiliary distributor and the auxiliary inlet apertures of the engine cylinders, and connections between said. storage tank and the valve controlling cylinders of the engine cylindersfor opening said valves.

10. The combination with an explosion engine having each cylinder provided with an auxiliary inlet, of a combined pump and motor having each cylinder provided with an auxiliary inlet, a storage tank connected with said pump and lllOllOl,3, main distributer operatively connected with the pump and motor, connections from said distributer to the auxiliary inlets of the pump cylinders for operating the mechanism as a motor, an auxiliary distributer operatively connected with the pump and motor, connections between said auxiliary distributer and the auxiliary inlets of the en gine cylinders, a connection from the tank to both of said distributers, clutch mechanism for operatively connecting the comof the engine, a cylinder and piston for throwing said clutch into operative position, and a by pass for establishing communication between the air tank and said cylinder for automatically operating said clutch when the combined pump and motor is operated for either purpose $11. The combination with an explosion engine having each cylinder provided with an auxiliary inlet, anormally closed valve for said inlet, and a cylinder andipiston forv opening each of said valves, of a combined pump and motor having each-cylinder provided with inlet and outlet valves and with an auxiliary inlet aperture, a normally closed valve controlling said aperture and a cylinder and piston for opening each of said valves, a storage tank'connected with the outlet valves, a main distributor operwith the cylinders controlling the valves forthe auxiliary inlets of the engine cylniders, clutch mechanism for connecting the pump and motor with the engine crank shaft, a

cylinder and piston for automatically o'pcrating said clutch when the pump and motOI lS operated for either purpose, and a by pass for establishing communication between said'cylinder and the storage tank;

, 12. The combination with an explosion engine having each cylinder provided with an auxiliary inlet, a normally closed valve controlling said mlet, and a cylinder and piston for opening said valve, of a com' bined pump and motor having each cylinder provided with an inlet and outlet valve, an auxiliary inlet, normally closed valve therefor, and a cylinder and piston for openingsaid valve, a storage tank, a pump line connecting the said outlet valves with the storage tank, a main distributor casing provided with an exhaust port and with inletports, each connected to'one of said auxiliary inlets of the pump and motor cylinders, a rotary distributor valve opera atively connected with the crank shaft of the pump and motor for controlling the said inlet and exhaust ports, a starter pipe line connecting the tank with said dis-otributer, a by pass connecting said starter pipe line with the pistons controlling the auxiliary inlet valves of the pump and motor, an auxiliary distributercaslng provided with a relief aperture and inlet ports, a connectioufrom'each of said ports of one of theauxiliary inlets of the engine cylinder, a

rotary distributer, valve in said casing operatively connected with the crank shaft of ,the pump and motor and provided with apertures cooperating with said ports, and relief aperture, said distributer casing being connected with the starter pipeline, a

by pass from the starter pipe line to the' pistons controlling the valves for the auxiliary inlets of the engine cylinders, a controlling valve interposed between the pump line and starter pipe line and said tank, and

means for connectingithe crank shaft of the pump and motor with the engine crank shaft. g

13. The c'ombinatlon with an explosion an auxiliary inlet, a normally closed valve controlling said inlet, and a cylinder and piston for opening said valve, of a combined pump and motor having each cylinder provided with an inlet and outlet valve, an auxiliary inlet, normally closed valvetherefor, and a cylinder and piston for opening I said valve, a storage tank, a pump line connecting the said outletvalves with thestorports, each connected to one of said auxiliary' inlets of the pump and motor cylinders, a rotary distributor Valve operatively 12 0 age tank, a main distributor casing provided with an exhaust port and with inletg,

5 connected with the crankshaft of the pump and motor for controlling the saidinlet and exhaust ports, a starter pipe .line connect engine. having each cylinder provided with i i ing:'the tank with said distributor, a by pass connecting said starter pipe line with the pistonscontrolliiig the auxiliary inlet valves of the pump and motor, an auxiliary distribu'ter casing provided with a relief aperture and inlet ports, a connection from -each of said ports to one of the auxiliary inlets of th engine cylinder, a rotary distributervalve in said casing operatively connected with the crank shaft of the pump and motor provided with apertures cooperating with said ports and relief aperture,

said distributer casing being connected with the starter pipe line, a by pass from the starter pipe line to the pistons controlling the valves for the auxiliary inlets of the enginecylinders, a controlling valve interposed between the pump line and starter pipe line and said tank, a clutch for .connecting the crank shaft of the pump and motor with the engine crank shaft, a cylinder and piston for throwing said clutch into operative position, and a by pass from the 7 pump pipe line to said cylinder for automatically operating the clutch by back pressure from the tank whether the device is used as apump or a motor. v

14. The combination with an explosion engine having a cylinder provided withan auxiliary inlet, a normally closed valve for said inlet, and a cylinder and piston for opening said auxiliary inlet valve, of a combined pump and motor having a cylinder provided withinlet and outlet valves,'an'd with an auxiliary inlet aperture, a'storage .tank connected with the outlet valve, a

main distributor operated by the pump and motor, connections between the distributer and the auxiliary inlet aperture of the pump and motor cylinder, an auxiliary distributer operatively connected with the pump and motor, a connection between the auxiliary distributer and the auxiliary inlet of the engine cylinder, connections between the tank and said distributers, a by pass for connecting-the storage ,tank with the cylinder controlling the. auxiliary inlet valve for the engine cylinder, means for .op--

eratively connecting the pump and motor with the engine crank shaft, and a controlling valve interposed in the connections between the tank and the dis'tributer 'andthesaid by pass and provided with a relief port adapted to establish communication between said by pass and the atmosphere when the valve is in inoperative position, to quickly' relieve pressure in the cylinder controlling the aux1liary inlet valve for the engine ylinder.' v

15. ilhe combination with an explosion engine having a cylinder. provided with an auxiliary inlet, a normally closed valve for,

said inlet, and a cylinderand piston for opening said valve, ofa combined pump and motor having a cylinderprovided with inlet and outlet valves, and with an auxiliary inlet aperture, a storage tank connected with' the cylinder controlling the valve for the auxiliary inlet of the engine cylinder,

clutch mechanism for connecting the pump andmotor with the engine crank shaft, '21

ating' said'clutch, a by pass for establishing communication between said cylinder and the storage tank, and a controlling valve interposed in the. connectionsfbetween the tank and the said distribute! and said. by

'tributers, a by pass for connecting the tank cylinder and piston for automatically operpasses, said valve being provided with a relief port adapted to establish communication between said by passes and the atmosphere whenthe' valve is in inoperative position to quickly relieve pressure in the cylinders for operating the clutch mechanism and the controlling valve for the auxiliary air inlet of the engine cylinder. I 16. The combinationfwith ancxplos'ion engine having a cylinder-provided with an auxiliary inlet, a normally closed, valve for. said inlet, and a cylinder and piston for opening said valve, of a combined pump and motor having a cyliuder'provided with inlet and outlet valves, and with an auxiliary..-

inlet aperture, a normally closed valve-controlling said-aperture, and acylinder and piston 'for opening, said valve, a storage distributer operated by the pump andvmotor, connections betw'eent'he distributor and,

tank connected with the/outlet valve, a main the 'auxiliary inlet aperture of the pump'and motor cylinder, a by pass for connectingthe' storage tank with said cylinder for controlling the auxiliary inlet valve 0 the pump and motor, an auxiliary distributer.

operatively j connectedwith' the pump and motor, connections between; said distributor and the auxiliary inlet of the engine cylinder, connections for .supplyingcompressed flued' from the storage tank'to each oi said distributers, a by pass for connecting" the storage tank with the cylinder contifolling /th auxiliary inlet valve for theengine cylind er, clutch mechanism for connecting the pump and motor 'with the enginecrank shaft, a cylinder and piston for automatically operatingsaidclutch, a by pass forestablishing communication -betv'vee ansaid cylinder and then-1; storage tank, and a controlling valve interposed in said connectio'hs passes for relieving pressure in the cylin-,

ders controlling the auxiliary inlet valves of the pump and motor and of the engine cylinder and the cylinder for operating the i Y clutch, for" quickly relieving pressure therein, when the controlling valve is in inoperar- 10 tive position.

v In testimony whereof Ieffix my signature in the presence of tWo Witnesses.

f i FRANK E. TEN EYOK. Witnesses:

BENN KENYQN, MARGLE KENYoN.

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