UA22926U - Automatic stereoscopic system "stereostep-pulfrich's phenomen" - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed automatic stereoscopic system contains a unit for visualizing images and a dismountable screen. The screen contains two rasters, which are arranged on different sides of the common light-scattering focal plane. Each raster is designed as a set of lens elements and optical filters. The lens elements are installed at the support surface, without gaps between the elements, so that axially-arranged pairs of the elements are provided. Thespecified optical filter corresponds to each pair of the lens elements. The image is coded by a two-dimensional stereogram.

Description

Description of the invention

The utility model refers to the technique of 20/30 image conversion and demonstration of stereoscopic 2 images in dynamics (moving objects) and can be used in television, computing, in control and management systems, CAD, gaming equipment, for creating simulators in avionics and instrument engineering, in science, education, medicine and so on, - for three-dimensional modeling and visual representation of dynamic processes, namely, since currently the main producers and consumers of video products use the 20-format for its visualization, the possibility of compatibility and use of 2О0- resources for their transformation into ZO-format with an actual technical task.

The known technical solution of the autostersoscopic system according to the patent OB Mo4729017 dated February 25, 1986. IPC

НО4М 13/00. A known technical solution includes a visualization display surface with a specially prepared image that is divided into pixels. Optical grating elements are positioned relative to the pixels of the image and combined into an autonomous removable grating plate, which acts as a separating device. On the second 12th visualization, the viewer sees a stereoscopic image through the lattice plate. Thus, the removable grid plate should provide 20/3O0-conversion of images. However, in practice, the exact positioning of the raked plate on the display in relation to the pixels of the image is a complex optical-mechanical problem that is not solved in a known technical solution, and in this case, the image projected through the plate is inevitably distorted and the stereo effect is lost. In addition, the disadvantage of the known technical solution is the need for special preparation of the image in 20-format, before converting it to ZO-format, and this requires additional technical and material resources, as well as additional waste of time.

A well-known autostereoscopic system - according to the KO patent Mo2168192 dated 05/27/2001. MPKU7 5028 27/22, НО4М 13/00 "Visual display device and method of forming a three-dimensional image". This technical solution is based on the application of a grating mask as a separating device, consisting of separate optical elements with a variable focal length, installed over a field of discrete micrographic elements - in pixels (images) so that each pixel is positioned on the optical axis of a separate optical element.

External control of the focal length of individual optical elements allows you to simulate the differences in the depth of visual perception of the corresponding pixels and, thus, to manifest a stereo effect from the image as a whole, that is, the system converts the 20-format to the 3-format. This technical solution is complex and cumbersome both in terms of the number of elements, forming elements and their organization into a single structure, and in terms of the precise accuracy of the technology of its implementation, which means that it is expensive and unreliable.

The known technical solution of the autostereoscopic system is according to patent O5 2004263970 dated 12.30.2004. IPC Me. 5О02Й 27/22 "Sopmepirie ashcioziegeozsoris yai rape! dizriau". This system includes a flat monitor screen - a visualization surface on which there is a pixel image of a stereo pair prepared for separation

With the Lippmann-Bonnet method, as well as a removable screen in the form of a lenticular rostrum, located flat and parallel to the visualization surface as a separating element of the system. The known autostereoscopic system includes means for alignment in the form of an optical test implemented in the form of an oriented mesh raster on the monitor screen together with a device for mechanical shifting of the removable screen (shift/rotation) with optical elements relative to the prepared image on the visualization surface. With 50 The obvious limitation of this system is the requirement of a flat monitor screen and the discomfort from the permanent special actions of the viewer to adjust the position of the removable screen, which require time and

With" are accompanied by the inevitable loss of video information. In addition, the disadvantage of the known technical solution is the need for special preparation of the image in 2O-format, before converting it to ZO-format, which requires additional technical and material resources, and additional loss of time.

Thus, the main drawback of the known technical solutions of the autostereoscopic system is the need for accurate positioning of the separating device relative to the visualization surface, which reduces the functional reliability of the system and is accompanied by inconvenience and loss of time for the user. In addition, a significant drawback of known technical solutions is the need for special preparation of the image in 20-format before converting it to 3-format. ka 20 The known technical solution of the autostereoscopic system according to the Shaa patent Mo14885 dated 06.03.200br. MPK7 5028 27/22, НО4М 13/00 "Autostereoscopic system (ZTEKEO5TER)" (the closest analogue), which includes a first imaging unit with a stereopair prepared for separation and a removable screen with a raster optical system located in front of the visualization surface. According to the known invention, the stereo pair prepared for separation is made in the form of an anaglyph, and the removable screen consists of two rasters located on different 29 sides with respect to the general scattering light flux of the focal plane, each of which consists of lens c elements and/or their optical equivalents, stacked on the former without gaps, with the formation of coaxial pairs of lens elements. Each of the coaxial pairs of lens elements contains an anaglyph filter.

The well-known autostereoscopic system provides high-quality separation of the angles of a stereo pair by a raster system with a similar filter. At the same time, the exact positioning of the removable screen, which includes the entire raster 60 system, is not required, and the conversion of the 20-format and 3-format for the user is reduced only to the connection of the removable screen to the visualization surface with the prepared image.

Thus, the known autostfeoscopic system solves a complex problem related to the accuracy of the positioning of the separating device relative to the visualization surface, however, the image in 20-format on the visualization surface and in this technical solution should be specially prepared before converting it to ZO-format. Because the purpose of the useful model, which is claimed, is to create an autostereoscopic system that provides the user with the conversion of the image on the visualization surface into the 3D format without special preliminary preparation of the initial image in the 20 format.

The task is solved by the fact that the autostereoscopic system, which includes a visualization surface with an image and a removable screen located in front of the visualization surface, consisting of two rasters located on different sides with respect to the common focal plane, which disperses the light flux, each of which consists of lens elements or their optical equivalents placed on the surface without gaps to form coaxial pairs of lens elements or their equivalents, each of which contains a filter, according to a useful model, the image is dynamic 20 content, and the filter is a Pulfrich converter. 70 The Pulfrich converter can consist of a pair of transparent strips of the same width and different optical density or of pairs of alternating transparent strips of the same width and different optical density.

A variant of the Pulfrich converter is a converter consisting of a transparent strip (strips) with a transverse change in the intensity of gray color - from colorless to dark gray, with a gradient of change in gray tone corresponding to Fechner's logarithmic law.

The essence of the claimed useful model consists in the use of a known raster structure in the form of a removable screen, consisting of two rasters located on different sides with respect to the common focal plane, which disperses the light flux, each of which consists of lens elements or their optical equivalents, placed on the surface without gaps to form coaxial pairs of lens elements or their equivalents, each of which contains a filter. Such a raster structure does not require precise positioning relative to the 2o surface of the screen with the image. The filter in the proposed technical solution is based on the use of the Pulfrich effect.

The Pulfrich effect suggests a psychophysiological feeling of stereoscopicity, which arises due to the property of the visual system to perceive objects moving in space or their images with different time delays, depending on their brightness. In the presence of a light filter of different optical density for each eye, information about two different phases of movement is sent to the brain at the same time. As a result, temporal parallax provides a stereoscopic effect in the presence of a raster structure, that is, the conversion of the 20-format to the 3-format takes place. At the same time, the image on the visualization surface does not undergo any preparation. It is only necessary that it be a dynamic image, that is, a moving image - a static image is transferred to the screen surface without distortion in the 20-format. For the user, the process of obtaining a stereo effect is reduced to connecting the removable Gezo screen to the visualization surface.

In addition, it should be noted that the image in the 3D format for the viewer preserves the entire color range of the original 20 format image for the viewer, unlike the closest analogue. Gee!

Thus, the proposed useful model solves the task - the creation of an autostereoscopic system that provides the user with the conversion of the image on the visualization surface into the 3D format without special preliminary preparation of the initial image in the 20 format. with

This demonstrates an example of a specific embodiment of the claimed autostereoscopic system.

Fig. 1 shows an autostereoscopic system (general view);

Fig. 2 shows the raster design of the removable screen (a variant of lenticular rasters), (a) - the raster design as a whole, (b) the components of the removable screen; "

Figure C shows a pair of lens elements with a common optical axis; with c Fig. 4 shows a diagram of the manifestation of the stereo effect.

Autostereoscopic system, includes surface 1 visualization with a stereo pair prepared for separation and ;" removable screen 2 and a raster optical system located in front of the visualization surface 1. The removable screen 2 consists of two rasters - 3, 4, located on different sides relative to the general scattering light flux of the focal plane 5. Each of the two rasters 3, 4 consists of lens elements b and/or their optical co-equivalents placed on the surface without gaps, with the formation of pairs of 7 coaxial lens elements 6 with a common optical axis 8. Each pair of 7 coaxial lens elements is equipped with a Pulfrich converter, which is a filter 9 consisting of two equal transparent strips 10, 11 - with different optical density.

Ge) Manifestation of the stereo effect when using the claimed autostereoscopic system includes the following stages; у - the integral light flux emitted/reflected by the video content is self-focusing in the focal plane

Ф (5) is symmetrical with respect to the optical center of the lens-objective (13), that is, the horizontally inverted fragment of the current frame is displayed in the scattering region to the right of the optical axis (8) of the lens pair (7); similarly, the inverted fragment of the same frame is displayed in the scattering region - to the left of the optical axis (7) of the lens pair, thereby automatically encoding the image corresponding to the Lippmann-Bonnet method in the scattering region of this lens pair took place; c - mixed images are projected through transparent light filters - colorless and gray (in the general case: gray and more gray) - and are dispersed into the body of the adjacent eyepiece raster (14); at the same time, the colorless filter (11) shows the current frame to the eye as the left perspective, and the image through the gray filter is subjected to a psycho-physiological visual delay, as a result of which it is replaced by the previous video frame (12) held in the visual memory - which is perceived by the right perspective of the restored stereo pair; - restoration/decoding of integral angle images also occurs automatically - based on the properties of the multi-lens eyepiece raster, in the focal plane of which (in the scattering zone) a striped image encoded in accordance with the Lippmann-Bonnet method is located. The raster structure provides 65 re-inversion of perspective fragments and their angular orientation for binocular (stereoscopic) perception by the viewer at a given viewing distance.

Thus, the biraster structure with a built-in Pulfrich converter performs two functions at the same time: it provides binocular perception of a flat (200) image of dynamic content and controls the visual delay of perception by one of the eyes, as a result of which the missing perspective is restored and, thereby, is continuously formed and convertible sterepara. The optical properties of the removable biraster screen, together with a filter in the form of a Pulfrich converter, provide fragmented self-focusing of successive frames of video content from the display surface with a raster-lens in the focal plane of the eyepiece raster, temporal separation of these fragments as different angles (by colorless and gray filters) and orderly symmetric reproduction of separated fragments of perspectives with an ocular raster. This provides the viewer with an autostereoscopic effect with temporal parallax. In addition, since the autostereoscopic effect is formed on the basis of temporal parallax of an image that has not been changed in any way, the claimed autostereoscopic system provides storage of the entire color range of the original image without distortion, which can be considered as an additional positive effect for the user.

Thus, the proposed technical solution solves the task of creating an autostereoscopic /5 bistem, which provides conversion of the image on the visualization surface into the 3D format without special preliminary preparation of the initial image in the 20O format with a high degree of comfort for the user and ensuring the proper quality stereoscopy.

Claims (2)

The formula of the invention 1. An autostereoscopic system, including a visualization surface with an image and a removable screen located in front of the visualization surface, consisting of two rasters located on different sides of the common focal plane, which disperses the light flux, each of which consists of lens elements and/or their o OPTICAL equivalents placed on the surface without gaps to form coaxial pairs of lens elements or their equivalents, each of which contains a filter, which is distinguished by the fact that the image is dynamic - 20O-content, and the filter is a Pulfrich converter. 2. The system according to claim 1, which differs in that the Pulfrich converter consists of a pair of strips of the same width and different optical density or of pairs of strips of the same width and different optical density, alternating. The system according to claim 1, which differs in that the Pulfrich converter consists of a transparent strip (strips) with a transverse change in the intensity of gray color - from colorless to dark gray, with a gradient of change in the gray CM tone, corresponding to Fechner's logarithmic law. about with - . and? ime) ime) se) ime) 4) 60 b5