UA115667C2 - HEMOSTATIC COMPOSITION AND HEMOSTATIC MEANS (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the composition of a hemostatic agent and a hemostatic agent containing said composition. provide the most effective use of them to stop blood, massive bleeding in injuries, including shrapnel and gunshot wounds.

Description

The invention relates to the composition of the composition of hemostatic agents and the hemostatic agent, which contains the specified composition. Ensure the most effective use of them to stop blood, massive bleeding in injuries, including shrapnel and gunshot wounds. 113 76 1

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Fig. 1

The invention relates to medical devices.

More precisely, the invention relates to first aid medical means for body injuries accompanied by bleeding, particularly severe bleeding.

Even more precisely, the invention belongs to the medical means of first emergency aid for body injuries, received in particular in severe injuries, as well as in wounds, in particular, wounds received during military operations.

The tool is intended for providing first aid for the indicated wounds, but not limited to those accompanied by severe bleeding, to stop such bleeding. The tool is designed to quickly stop bleeding and create conditions for safe, as fast as possible transportation of the wounded/injured, which is provided by the specific hemostatic properties of the composition and the tool.

The invention relates to the composition of the composition of hemostatic agents and hemostatic agents, which consist of the specified composition and the carrier, and provide the most effective use of them to stop blood, massive bleeding, including shrapnel and gunshot wounds) mainly on the battlefield at the stage of providing self-, mutual and first unqualified pre-medical and medical aid, which can be used to complete a soldier's individual first-aid kit and field first-aid kits of various levels, as well as in surgery and traumatology.

Such hemostatic compositions and hemostatic agents (prescribed) can be used: for the rapid termination of massive (critical) bleeding, in particular, shrapnel and gunshot wounds, mainly on the battlefield at the stage of providing self-, mutual and first unqualified pre-medical and medical aid, and with which the individual first aid kit of each fighter can be equipped; in surgery and traumatology, disaster medicine.

Due to its qualitative and quantitative composition, the composition of hemostatic agents should provide the following.

Due to the presence of several hemostatic agents, each of which acts separately on its specific blood coagulation factor and, in combination with another agent, enhances the effect of this agent, a synergistic effect of the composition is ensured, so that the composition of hemostatic agents is suitable for combination with a carrier due to its properties (incorporation in the medium) without loss

Due to its hemostatic properties and due to its physico-chemical and physical properties, it ensured (did not hinder) the technological process of manufacturing hemostatic agents.

In turn, hemostatic agents are due to the combination of a composition that has certain chemical, physico-chemical and physical properties, and a carrier that has certain physical, mechanical and chemical, physico-chemical, physical properties into one whole and the use of appropriate compounds, substances and materials , from which the composition and the carrier are made, according to the design of the design of the device, including the use of additional design elements, in particular introducers, applicators, containers, adhesive materials, radiopaque materials, packaging, etc. must ensure: when hemostatic agents come into contact with blood, contact hemostatic agents in the composition, which is incorporated into the carrier, with blood to accelerate its clotting; tightness of the packaging and sterility of the hemostatic agent during storage, transportation, as well as, in some cases, its use; preservation of the properties of the hemostatic agent in harsh climatic conditions (from -40 "C to 50 "C, with humidity exceeding 95 95) during storage, transportation, use; radiopaqueness of the agent for the possibility of detecting the entire agent or its fragments remaining in the wound; increasing the effectiveness of the composition of hemostatic agents in the composition of the hemostatic agent in comparison with the composition itself; convenience, reliability of tamponing and removal of the agent from the wound, as well as reducing the time required for tamponing the wound; synergistic acceleration of blood coagulation due to the fact that not only each agent by itself (the composition as a whole and its individual components - hemostatic agents, and the carrier) accelerates its coagulation, and all agents of the composition affect the largest possible number of blood coagulation factors.

Hemostatic agents for use in the field to stop massive (critical) bleeding should be convenient to use, occupy a minimum volume during transportation and storage before their use, and provide the fastest and most reliable tamponade of the wound.

Glossary

Hemostatic agent - in the sense of this invention is a material, substance, chemical compound, mineral of natural origin and/or product of their chemical and/or biological and/or chemical modification, and/or synthetic origin, which upon contact with blood initiates and /or accelerates the processes of its folding by any mechanism.

A hemostatic agent in the sense of this invention is a material that is made and consists of a container (carrier) and a composition of hemostatic agents, which are combined in any rational way, which provides the possibility of its use to stop bleeding.

Two-dimensional container and two-dimensional medium, two-dimensional medium - in the sense of this invention, any container (medium) and medium, which are a two-dimensional geometric structure (figure), preferably, but not exclusively, flat, the dimensions of which in terms of length and width significantly exceed the dimensions of height, for example, have a ratio of Length or Width to Height of at least 10 times, including those that are folded or twisted into three-dimensional shapes (for example, corrugations, rolls) for compact packaging (for example, napkins, bandages) or ease of use (eg cord, spiral) with or Examples of two-dimensional, planar structures can be bandages, bandages, napkins, etc.

A two-dimensional device - in the sense of this invention, any device that is made of a two-dimensional container and a two-dimensional carrier, which represent a two-dimensional geometric structure (figure), preferably, but not exclusively, a plane, in which the length and width measurements significantly exceed the height measurements , for example, have a ratio of Length or Width to Height of at least 10 times, including those that are folded or twisted into three-dimensional shapes (for example, rolls) for compact packaging (for example, napkins, bandages, films) or for ease of use (for example, a cord).

Additional agents in the sense of this invention are any agents that provide additional functional properties of the hemostatic agent. Examples of such agents can be those that provide radiopaqueness of the composition and/or means, for example, barium salts, pharmaceutically active agents, which are antibiotics, antifungal agents, antimicrobial agents, anti-inflammatory agents, analgesics, local anesthetics and anesthetics, antihistamines , compounds containing ions of copper, zinc, silver, and their combinations, and also represent additional released agents that are also hemostatic in themselves,

An example of which can be thrombin, tranexamic acid, ε-aminocaproic acid, bioactive glass, biological hemostatics and their combinations, as well as polyvinyl alcohol, glycerin, silicone, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatinized starch, polyacrylic acid and its salts with iron, calcium, barium.

A three-dimensional container and a three-dimensional carrier - in the sense of this invention, any container and carrier that is a three-dimensional geometric figure, mainly, but not exclusively, a cylinder, sphere, ellipsoid, parallelepiped, etc. in the form of disks, balls, pockets, pouches, pads, which are made from at least one fragment of a two-dimensional medium, by fixing at least two opposite edges of the two-dimensional medium in any rational way, and cans, syringes, tubes, containers and other vessels, including airtight ones , for storing liquid, semi-liquid, gel-like and paste-like and foam-like and other suitable forms of the composition.

A three-dimensional hemostatic agent is, in the sense of this invention, any agent that is a three-dimensional geometric figure, preferably, but not exclusively, a cylinder, sphere, ellipsoid, parallelepiped in the form of discs, balls, pockets, bags, cushions, tubes, which are made of at least one fragment of a two-dimensional means, by fixing at least two opposite edges of a two-dimensional means by any rational means and cans, syringes, tubes, containers and other vessels, including sealed ones, which are preferably filled with solid, liquid, semi-liquid, gel-like and paste-like and foam-like and other suitable forms of the composition of hemostatic agents, which may also contain additional agents.

The composition of hemostatic agents - solution, suspension, paste, gel, foam, dry substance, obtained by any rational method from hemostatic agents.

A container and a carrier in the sense of this invention are interchangeable and mean a certain object that can be impregnated, filled, filled or otherwise combined with a composition of hemostatic agents in such a way that it makes it possible to use a composition of hemostatic agents in combination with a container (carrier) as a hemostatic agent.

Capacity - in the sense of this invention, is a two-dimensional, predominantly flat structure, in which the length and width measurements significantly exceed the height measurements, for example, having a ratio of Length or Width to Height of at least 10 times, or a three-dimensional structure, predominantly three-dimensional structure, of various types. Examples of two-dimensional,

flat structures can be bandages, bandages, napkins, etc. Examples of three-dimensional structures can be various structures such as tampons, vessels, means for introducing into cavities and recesses, hermetic vessels for storing liquid, semi-liquid, gel-like and paste-like and other suitable forms of the composition.

Zoi-duet process - in the sense of this invention, is a technological process used to apply to a "two-dimensional" medium, preferably in the form of a tape, a viscous hemostatic composition or individual hemostatic agents included in the specified composition, and/or their combinations, with using a special slotted extrusion head by squeezing through it the hemostatic composition or the components included in its composition, on a "two-dimensional" carrier that moves with the optimal speed at the moment of time.

Technical level

The currently known means that affect the blood coagulation system and have a hemostatic effect are divided into different groups and differ in the mechanism of action (M.D. Mashkovsky.

Medicines. (Help for doctors). - M. Novaya Volna, 1996. - p. 78-103): antihemorrhagic and hemostatic agents, in particular: heparin antagonists, for example, protamine sulfate, which is a drug of protein origin, and which is a specific antagonist of heparin, which is a direct blood anticoagulant, and which is used mainly when necessary to neutralize the effect of excess exogenous heparin; inhibitors of fibrinolysis, for example, 6-aminocaproic acid and ambene, which are inhibitors of fibrinolysis, that is, the process that primarily causes the destruction of the fibrin thread. Fibrinogen and thrombin are native components of the blood coagulation system, which are one of the key factors in triggering the mechanism of fibrin thread formation and platelet aggregation, ε-aminocaproic acid blocks plasminogen activators and partially inhibits the action of plasmin, and therefore can have a specific hemostatic effect in bleeding that causes associated with increased fibrinolysis, it is also an inhibitor of kinins - biogenic polypeptides that are formed in the body from α-globulins under the action of kallikrein.

The drug is used to stop bleeding during surgical interventions and various pathological conditions in which increased fibrinolytic activity of blood and tissues is observed; Amben (para(aminomethyl) benzoic acid) inhibits fibrinolysis by competitively inhibiting plasminogen-activating enzyme and inhibiting the formation

From plasmin. The drug is used to stop bleeding during surgical interventions and various pathological conditions in which the fibrinolytic activity of blood and tissues is increased, as well as in hemorrhagic diatheses of protocytopenic origin; angioprotectors, for example, calcium dobesilate, which belongs to the group of angioprotectors and has a proaggregatory effect, increasing the activity of platelets as hemostatic agents; thrombus-forming agents, for example, decilate (Tgotromag, Magisoy) (sodium 2-methyl-7-ethylundecyl-4-sulfate), which is a venosclerosing agent that has additional surface-active properties, and which, when administered intravenously, causes thrombus formation with the subsequent organization of a thrombus and its growth with the vessel wall, and which is intended for the sclerosing treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities.

There are well-known examples of the use of substances obtained from various animal and human tissues as hemostatic agents (Mashkovsky M.D. Lekarstvennye srednat (Helps for doctors). - M.:

Novaya Volna, 1996. - p. 96-99), in particular: fibrinogen (from blood plasma of donors), which is a natural component of blood, and under the action of thrombin turns into fibrin and ensures the final stage of blood coagulation - the formation of a clot. It is used for hypo- and afibrinogenemia, bleeding in traumatological, surgical, oncological practice, massive bleeding in obstetric and gynecological practice; fibrin, which is obtained from fibrinogen from human blood plasma, which exhibits a hemostatic effect, promotes tissue regeneration and wound healing, and products from which are used locally during operations, skull and brain injuries, to replace tissue defects, etc.; thrombin, which is a natural component of the blood coagulation system and is formed in the body from prothrombin during the enzymatic activation of the latter by thromboblastin, is obtained from the blood plasma of donors and is used only locally to stop bleeding from small capillaries and parenchymal organs (during craniocerebral operations, kidney operations, liver and other parenchymal organs, in case of bleeding from the bone cavity, gums, etc., and in case of bleeding from large vessels, thrombin is not used, and it is not allowed to inject it into a vein or muscle, and its injection into blood vessels can cause widespread thrombosis with a fatal outcome; collagen and gelatin, which are used mainly in the form of sponges with the addition of other functional agents that exhibit a hemostatic effect and due to their ability to be absorbed can be left in the wound; dried blood plasma, which is obtained from the blood of cattle, exhibits a hemostatic effect (Mashkovsky M.D. bo Lekarstvennye sreddy (Help for doctors) - M.: Novaya Volna , 1996. - p. 96-99).

There are known examples of the use of substances of plant origin to obtain hemostatic agents, some of which have been used as hemostatic agents in folk medicine for centuries. (Mashkovsky M.D. Medicinal products (Help for doctors) - M.:

Novaya Volna, 1996. - p. 99-102), which are obtained, in particular, from: Lagohilus intoxicating (I adospyi5 5pergiap5

Vypde), the aerial parts of which contain lagochilin (quaternary alcohol), essential oil, tannins, carotene, preparations from which are used to reduce bleeding in hemorrhagic diatheses, hemorrhoidal, nasal and other bleeding; nettle leaves (Roiia

Describes), which contains ascorbic acid (0.1-0.2 95), carotene, vitamin K, tannins, mineral salts and other substances, preparations from which are used for pulmonary, renal, uterine and gastric bleeding; Yarrow herb (Negra Miegtoii), which contains the alkaloid achilleine, ascorbic acid, carotene, vitamin K, tannins, essential oil, organic acids, resins, preparations from which are used for uterine and gastric bleeding against the background of inflammatory processes, fibroids, etc.; pepper mustard herb (Negra Roiudopi puagoriregiv), which contains quercetin, rutin and other flavonoids, tannins, and where the content of flavonoids (in terms of quercetin) is not less than 0.5 9o; drugs from which are used to reduce the permeability of blood vessels and increase blood clotting ability; kidney mustard herb (Negba Roiudopi regzisagiae), which contains flavonoids, glycosides, ascorbic acid, etc. and preparations from which are used as a hemostatic agent, mainly for hemorrhoidal bleeding, the effect of which is associated with a moderate hemostatic effect, as well as a relaxing effect; viburnum bark (Sogieh Mirigpi oriiii), which contains tannins (at least 4965), salts of organic acids and other substances, and preparations from which are used as a hemostatic agent mainly for uterine bleeding; arnica flowers (Rioge5 Agpisaye), which contain essential oil, tannins, bitter arnicine, gum, mineral salts and other substances, and preparations from which are used as a hemostatic agent in obstetric and gynecological practice for insufficient retrograde development of the uterus and inflammatory diseases; oak bark, which contains tannins.

Known hemostatic agents can be divided into 2 types, solid or applied on carriers and agents in the form of solutions for external and internal (injection) use.

Means on carriers can be classified into two types - based on chitosan and based on kaolin. To

Chitosan products include various forms of hemostatic agents from Seiokh "M" brands (companies

Mesigade Rhodysiv (a, pyr/Lymly.seiochteaisa!.sot/), Spyo-BAM'M (the company ZAM Medisai!

Rhodysiv, PiR/Lumly. zatteaisa!.sot/rgodisiv/spyo-zat/) and SppobSace"m (companies NetsSop, pEruLlimly. petsop.sotu/).

According to the inventors, SeyukhTM material has a number of significant disadvantages, such as the presence of granules on the surface of the carrier, which can enter the bloodstream through damaged vessels and cause thrombosis. Also, the material in the form of a bandage has a significant thickness and density, which can complicate the tamponade of narrow openings in wounds. In addition, SehTM granules have low hydrophilicity and blood affinity, which increases the time of blood seepage and swelling of the material.

The SpyobSai2etM material does not contain granules - thanks to this, the possibility of their getting into the bloodstream is excluded, but chitosan has low hydrophilicity.

Kaolin products on a carrier include OcikSioim (57604819 B2, 58114433 B2, 58257732 B2, 58383148 B2, 58343537 B21. Hemostatics in the form of powders based on kaolin (or zeolites) are also known - СОииКксСИоиTM of the first and second generations, Hemostop M (zeolite with the addition calcium compounds) (pEr://mmly.detovior.gy/) and NaetosSeg"m (modified natural polysaccharide). Powders based on dried kaolin or zeolite (OtsikSIYAITM in the form of powder and bags with powder in waterproof packaging, as well as HemostopTM) led to an increase in the temperature in the wound environment, which led to thermal burns and severe pain, and also greatly complicated the surgical treatment of the wound, the removal of microparticles of the active substance. The use of kaolin applied (glued) to the carrier eliminates complications during the surgical treatment of the wound, and prior hydration of the active substance (kaolin) also excludes the heating of the substance in the wound, however, in our opinion, the hydrophilicity of the material (based only on kaolin and because of zeolite) and its absorbent and adhesive characteristics are insufficient to quickly and successfully stop heavy bleeding.

Hemostatics in the form of gel are also used, especially in veterinary medicine, for example with Zupaego "m Netozbviais sei (per//mlum.petsop.sopt/Rhodysiv/Zupaego.azrh). The use of gel has a number of advantages - the density of wound filling, soft contact with tissues of the body, the ease of surgical cleaning of the wound (in contrast to powders), however, the use of a gel without a carrier material and its physical action may not be sufficient to stop significant bleeding, for example, because of arterial bleeding.

Liquid hemostatics for external use based on salts of polyacrylic acid:

Hemolok"m (Feracryl) (based on iron polyacrylate) and Hemoblok"m (silver polyacrylate solution). Liquid agents are prescribed to stop minor bleeding, such as capillary, bone or dental bleeding, and in principle, are unable to stop significant bleeding due to the impossibility of using liquid for tamponade.

Liquid injectable hemostatics - Kaprofer'"m (iron chloride (II), epsilon-aminocaproic acid, sodium chloride), vitamin K, etamsylate and others have a biological effect (inhibitors or catalysts of certain processes) on general hemostasis, so they can have a side effect effect (for example, to increase the probability of thrombosis), therefore, they are prescribed only by a qualified doctor in the conditions of an inpatient examination.

The most common are hemostatic agents (GH) in the form of dressings (PA). Thus, it is known (per:/Limliu.2pamiomag.gy/5/KiIazziikiasiua i hagakiegisiiKa?2.piti) that hemostatic agents (GS3), namely dressings (PZ) are ready-made products for use as intended, and which, depending on the form, consist of a group that includes bandages, bags, napkins, plasters, tampons, aerosols (sprayable foams and sprayable films), wound dressings; and where software, depending on the form, are bandages, bags, napkins, plasters, tampons; and where bandages, which are bandages made of cotton-viscose gauze in the form of rolls of certain sizes; and where the bandages are preferably 10mx10cm, 10mx10cm, 5mx10cm, 5mx5cm, 5mx7cm, 7mx10cm, 7mx14cm, 7mx7cm and are available in both secondary and individual packaging; and where sterile gauze bandages are produced in sizes 5 mx10 cm, 5 mx7 cm, 7 mx14 cm in individual packaging; and where plaster bandages contain plaster, which after wetting is applied to injured parts of the body for the purpose of their fixation, which are used mostly in traumatology, and are produced in sizes Z mx10 cm, Z mx15 cm, Z mx20 cm in individual packaging, and which in recent years have become produce with PVA plasticizer to improve their consumer properties; and where the elastic bandage is made of strict cotton yarn, in the basis of which rubber threads are woven, which dramatically increase the elasticity of the bandage, and which are not sterilized and are used for non-rigid tightening of soft tissues; and where the tubular bandage is a seamless tube of hydrophilic material, and its

The elasticity is provided by the knitted type of weaving, and which is produced with a diameter of several sizes for use on different areas of the upper and lower limbs; and where a special type of tubular bandages are mesh bandages, which are a mesh tube of various diameters, which is rolled up in the form of a roll, from which a piece of the required length is cut in order to fix the surgical bandage on the wound; and where the hydrophilic bandage has the ability to absorb water and is produced in two versions: sterile and non-sterile (width 4-20 cm); and where the bandage is starched, which is made of starched gauze or organza and is used as a strengthening material on top of hydrophilic bandages (it can "dry" directly on the wound, damage the skin in places of bending); and where the bandage is sticky, which contains zinc, and is an ordinary bandage, on which a thin layer of paste is applied, which contains glycerin, gelatin, sodium chloride, zinc oxide, and which belongs to medical drugs and which "sits down" when it dries and the tongue becomes very tight and which is used where it is necessary to avoid tissue swelling, for example, in inflammatory skin diseases; and where non-sterile gauze bandages are available in sizes 10 mx16 cm, 10 mx10 cm, 5 mx10 cm, 5 mx5 cm, 5 mx7 cm, 7 mx10 cm, 7 mx14 cm, 7 mx7 cm, both in secondary and individual packaging; and where PGs are manufactured from PM and are finished products for intended use and which include such groups as bandages, sachets, napkins, plasters, tampons, aerosols (sprayable foams and sprayable films), wound dressings; and where in the group of napkins there is a distinction between dressing napkins (for example, gauze napkins) and medical napkins (for example, Coletex "M" napkins; and where gauze napkins are two-layer pieces of gauze measuring 16x14 cm, 45x29 cm and etc., and which as sterile napkins are produced in a package of 5, 10, 40 pcs., non-sterile - in 100 pcs., and where medical napkins are a composite medicinal form, which is a medicinal biopolymer on a substrate (most often fabric), in which a medicinal substance is immobilized a substance, or a tissue base that is impregnated with a medicinal substance; and where "Coletext!M" napkins are a composite software, which is a layer of a special textile material as a carrier for a biopolymer (sodium alginate) that has a therapeutic effect, or a tissue base that is impregnated medicinal preparation, and which contain hemostatic, because anti-inflammatory, wound-healing and pain-relieving substances (furagin, chlorhexidine, propolis, sodium alginate, urea, metronidazole) in various combinations, and which intended for use as a therapeutic and preventive agent for the primary closure of injured tissues, sutured wounds, for the closure of infected and granulating wounds, trophic ulcers, burns, bedsores, and which are packed in primary packaging in the form of a sterile (inside) paper bag and secondary packaging - cardboard boxes; and hydrogel wipes "Coletex "M-AKP" with sodium alginate, ε-aminocaproic acid and lidocaine are intended for use as blood-stopping agents (during planned and emergency surgical interventions, when providing emergency aid for injuries accompanied by external bleeding on in production, in everyday life, in case of traffic accidents, etc.); and where dressing packages are a ready-made bandage to be applied to a wound in order to prevent it from contamination, infection and blood loss, and where individual dressing packages include a sterile hydrophilic bandage (7 cm x 5 m), a cotton pad (13.5 x 11 cm), which can be sewn to the beginning of the bandage, and a pin to secure the ends of the bandage; and where the cotton-gauze pads are impregnated with a solution of sulema, and where the indicated packages distinguish two types - small and large, in which there are one or two pads (one is sewn to the beginning of the bandage, the other is free), and where individual dressing packages are made so that with constant sterility was not violated when worn, and in which, if the protective shell is still violated, the core of the package remains sterile; and where the specified pads are made in such a way that they stick weakly to the wound (they do not dry well to exuding wounds); and where tampon dressings are a small piece of cotton wool or dressing cloth used to close a wound or ulcer or to stop bleeding (in particular, during surgery to remove blood from dissected vessels); and where plasters used as PZ, taking into account the purpose of application, refer to fixing and covering plasters, and where covering plasters may additionally contain a medicinal substance, and where fixing plasters are used in surgery and traumatology to secure bandages; and where covering plasters are used in dermatology for the treatment of a number of diseases or mechanical damage to the epidermis, and where dressing plasters are usually combined under the conventional name "adhesive plaster", and which are divided in appearance into tapes and strips and,

As a rule, they have a sticky (adhesive) layer on one side; and among which covering adhesive plasters have a gauze pad attached to the sticky side, which is impregnated with a medicine (for example, a bactericidal plaster), and which are represented by industrial samples, in particular, "Leukoplasty", "Siofaplast", "Trikoplast", "Santavik", etc. ., which can additionally be in the form of perforated plasters on a paper base under the trade names "Leukopor", "Betabant", etc., and which, in particular, include "Uniplast" plasters, including: fixing tape, medical adhesive , sizes 500x10 cm, 500x1.25 cm, 500x2.5 cm, 500x0.5 cm; which are produced in rolls with a protective coating, and smaller sizes on coils, and in which the base of the tape is a viscoelastic fabric, a non-woven fabric is adhesive, and where "Uniplast Plus" strips ensure reliable fixation of the bandage, protect the wound from microbes, do not cause allergic reactions skin reactions and irritations, do not leave traces on the skin and clothes; and where plasters are produced in various sizes and configurations, including rectangular or round shapes on a fixing sticky tape with or without perforation and in packages of 8, 10, 20 pieces. of one standard size and in the form of sets of 10, 16, 24, 30 pcs. products of various shapes and sizes, and where among the bandage strips are waterproof, hypoallergenic, elastic (convenient for use in the joint area), and where the Band-Aid series of antimicrobial plasters is produced by the Johnson & Johnson company, which are made of non-woven material that does not stick to the wound, contains the antiseptic benzalkonium chloride, is transparent, and the adhesive coating fixes the patch on the skin, does not cause irritation, and the sizes of which are 7x2 cm, 4x1 cm, 4x4 cm, and which are available in packages as sets of different sizes ( 24 pcs.), and among which antiseptic water-resistant, antiseptic cloth ones are suitable for protecting wounds on bends; and where medicinal sponges are hemostatic, gelatin, collagen, alginate; and where medicinal sponges are a dosed or undosed medicinal form, which is a porous mass of various sizes and shapes, containing medicinal and auxiliary substances (mainly polymer materials), and which have the form of plates of various sizes (50x50, 100x100, 90x90, 240x140mm etc.), and which are obtained mainly from the skin or tendons of cattle, seaweed and which are produced in sterile packaging; and where the hemostatic sponge is made from human blood plasma with the addition of calcium chloride and aminocaproic acid and is a dry, porous substance of white color with a yellowish tinge, and which is applied locally, and which gradually dissolves in the wound, and which contains thrombin, fibrin, aminocaproic acid , and which is produced in vials, and which can be made with collagen; and where the absorbable gelatin sponge is a hardened sterile foam which is soluble in water and which is resorbable in the tissues of the body and which is intended to stop bleeding during surgical operations, and a variety of which is the gelatin-starch sponge which serves for the same purpose; and where collagen sponges are sterile porous plates obtained from collagen, and which have resorptive, hemostatic and weak adhesive properties, due to which they are widely used for wound dressings, and which are often combined with various natural polymers and medicinal substances (for example, with chitosan, pectin, antibiotics, etc.), which allows to significantly improve their consumer properties; and where industrial samples of sponges include, in particular, the Algipore sponge, which is made of alginate and which is sterile and is applied to a wound and absorbs secretions from the wound and dissolves over time, and which contains medicinal substances that actively promote healing, and which it is used for the treatment of trophic ulcers, bedsores, and thanks to its complete resorption, it can be used during operations on internal organs; sponge "Algimaf", which is a modification of "Algipore", and which contains a different set of antiseptic substances, and promotes accelerated healing of wounds; and where wound dressings, which are intended mainly for the treatment of chronic wounds, and their composition and types depend on the type of wound and the stage of the treatment process (the main stages of treatment: cleaning, removal of organic substances, granulation, vascularization, epithelization), and which are released in the form of alginate, spongy, hydrogel and hydrocolloid coatings, which are used to make bandages designed to absorb wound exudate and control the state of wound hydration, and where vapor-permeable films and membranes are also used as wound coverings; and where absorbent (adsorbing) perforated coverings solve the problem of mesh dressing materials sticking to wounds with exudate from a weak to moderate amount; and where, as one of the examples of the industrial implementation of such coatings, the Austrian company "MEUSOMEO" produces the adsorbing wound coating "Tahocomb", which is intended for hemostasis and gluing of tissues, especially during surgical interventions on the parenchyma of various organs (liver, spleen, etc.), in gynecology, urology, vascular surgery, traumatology, etc., and where "Tahocomb" is a collagen plate covered with a special fibrin glue that contains fibrinogen, thrombin, riboflavin, etc., and where the Tahocomb plate applied to the wound dissolves in the human body within 3-6 weeks , and which is produced in hermetic packaging and used under conditions of strict sterility, and the dimensions of which plates are 9.5x4.8x0.5 cm; 1 pc. in a package, in a pack of 5 or 10 pcs.; and where the films are wound, which are usually sterile perforated sheets of different colors (yellow, dark blue, colorless, etc.) depending on the antiseptics included in their composition, and which are of different types, in particular "Aseplen", "Vynyplen" , "Biocol-1", "Mazodept-5", and where the polyvinyl alcohol aseptic film "Aseplen" is intended for the treatment of infected wounds, I-I degree burns, for the temporary closure of transplanted skin autografts and donor areas, and which is produced in three modifications: with dioxidin ("Aseplen-D"), with iodine (Aseplen-! "), with catapol ("Aseplen-K"), and which is hydrophilic, is easily modeled on the wound, and thanks to the perforated holes does not prevent the outflow of wound secretions and provides a prolonged antimicrobial effect, is easily removed from the surface of the wound, creates a gentle scab and favorable conditions for regeneration processes in the wound, prevents the development of infectious complications; and where the polyvinyl alcohol perforated film "Viniplen" is intended for the treatment of wounds of donor sites during dermatomal dermal plastic surgery and can also be used for the temporary closure of flat wounds of other etiology, in cosmetology, etc., and which is non-toxic, shortens the healing time of wounds, allows you to avoid their treatment with tanning disinfectant solutions, does not injure the wound and has good drainage properties; and where is the film with vaseline "Mavzodept-5", which is made on the basis of specially treated cotton fabric and impregnated with a neutral ointment that contains anhydrous wax , liquid vaseline, fish oil, Peruvian balsam, and which is used for a long time i treatment of fresh and wet wounds, burns, nail exfoliation, ulcers, phimosis operations, skin transplants, plastic surgery and various skin injuries, and which does not stick to the wound, absorbs secretions, improves granulation and epithelization, prevents secondary infection, has an antiseptic effect; and where the biological wound covering "Biokol-1" is a transparent, elastic, porous film that reliably self-fixes on the wound, promotes regeneration, which leads to the acceleration of wound healing, and which has an absolute atraumatic, pain-relieving effect and is used for the treatment of burns, trophic ulcers, protection of donor sites and autografts; and where bandages are a fabric applied to a wound or part of the body to protect against external influences and accelerate healing; and where aseptic bandages are made of sterile dressing material (one or two cotton-gauze pads, gauze bandage and fixator) and are intended to protect against microbial contamination and other contamination of wound surfaces, and where synthetic bandages "Elaphom" are intended for the treatment of various wounds, including burns, and are produced in single packages and are sterile, and their use allows you to halve the number and duration of dressings; and where various bandages are produced as a kind of wound coverings that absorb exudates and show a therapeutic effect due to the content of various medicinal substances (absorbent, deodorizing, primary viscose, povidone-iodine, etc.), and which contain immobilized enzymes, for example, " Dalzeks-trypsin", "Lax-trinsin", "Dalzekso-Collitin', and are a cellulose or polycaproamide carrier with immobilized proteolytic enzymes, in particular, trypsin or with lysozyme, collitin, and are used in surgery for the treatment of purulent-necrotic wounds at the stage hydration, as well as bedsores, ulcers of various etiologies, burns (per:/Lumlmy .2pauyumag. gy/5/KiazziiKashima i hagakiegisiiKkag.piti).

However, these hemostatic agents are unsuitable for use in the field to stop massive (critical) bleeding, because in such conditions, first aid is mainly provided 1) by non-specialists or independently, 2) in an extremely short time, 3) in unfavorable conditions, 4 ) with additional danger for the person providing assistance. Also, the specified means are not suitable for use, because their form of release, storage conditions, weak hemostatic effect, the need to prepare solutions immediately before use and medical purpose do not meet the requirements for means for quickly stopping massive bleeding in large and medium injuries (including shrapnel and gunshot wounds injuries) mainly on the battlefield at the stage of providing self-, mutual and first unqualified pre-medical and medical aid. In addition to limitations in time and opportunities for assistance, there is the issue of transporting the injured to a place where he can be provided with qualified medical assistance. At the stage of transportation, as a result of the impossibility of ensuring complete rest of the injured person and careful transportation, the opening of bleeding is possible, which leads to additional blood loss.

List of figures

Fig. 1. Mesh structure of the carrier

Fig. 1.6. Napkin media structure

Fig. 2. Two-dimensional means (carriers)

Fig. 3. Tampons

Fig. 4. Window bandage with additional bandages and fasteners for fixation, as well as tampons

Fig. 5. Narrow Tampons "Sticks" and "Cord" with additional applicator frames

Fig. 6. Tampons in the form of "Pockets", "Pillows", in volume 4-. with additional hemostatic agents inside

Fig. 7. Hemostatic agents consisting of hemostatic agents in the form of a gel, a corrugated bandage and a syringe

Fig. 8. Various options for filling the syringe with hemostatic agents

Fig. 9. Hemostatic means consisting of hemostatic means in the form of tampons (including compressed ones) and hemostatic composition and their combinations, corrugated bandage and syringe

Fig. 10. Hemostatic agent "Syringe" is filled with compressed hemostatic agents, in particular connected balls

Fig. 11. Spray and tube

Fig. 12. Examples of radiopaque hemostatic composition and means

Fig. 13. Illustrates the effect of the composition of the hemostatic composition on the timing of the fibrin thread (fiber) formation process (time of beginning and end of this process).

Brief description of the invention

The group of inventions is based on the task of choosing the optimal qualitative and quantitative composition of hemostatic agents (HA) to create a composition of hemostatic agents (HA) suitable for combination (combination) with the selected carrier and the manufacture of a hemostatic agent to stop massive (critical) bleeding for use on the battlefield and in disaster medicine, other conditions that require rapid assistance by non-specialists.

The basis of the creative idea was the idea of developing a composition of hemostatic agents (HGA) capable of reliably binding (enveloping) solid dust-like particles, mainly inorganic hemostatic agents and thus preventing dust formation, and where the carrier 60 is selected, which is intended to be combined with the specified composition, would have such physico-mechanical and physico-chemical properties that ensure its suitability for connection with a composition of hemostatic agents to obtain a hemostatic agent, which by its properties is suitable for use as a means to stop massive (critical) bleeding on the battlefield, in disaster medicine.

As a result of conducting a number of experiments, it was found that the hemostatic composition, which contains moisture-retaining, binding, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, provides the following characteristics of a hemostatic agent: shortening the time of the beginning and end of thrombus formation, prevention of drying of the clot, increased retention of moisture in the clot. Due to the fact that the process of clot formation begins already on the 30th second after using the product, bleeding is largely stopped. Due to the fact that at the end of the 2nd minute, the formation of a clot ends, it becomes possible to quickly transport the injured person to a place where he can be provided with qualified medical assistance.

The composition of hemostatic agents consists of a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent, a binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent, an inorganic hemostatic agent, an organic hemostatic agent, which is produced in the form of a powder, solution, suspension, foam, paste, gel.

When in contact with blood, each of the agents performs its role (function). Considering that blood is a liquid substance consisting of formed elements (erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes) that are dispersed in blood plasma containing various proteins (albumin, fibrinogen, etc.), amino acids and electrolytes (sodium, calcium salts) , and in which the homeostasis of its components is maintained, at a constant level of pH value (pH-7.2), ionic strength, viscosity. At the same time, many components contained in blood plasma (calcium, fibrinogen, etc.) and in its constituent elements (platelets) are key factors of blood coagulation, which take part in various processes occurring in the process of hemostasis. Therefore, it is clear that an additional (artificial) disturbance of harmony in this complex system, which is blood, which is characterized not only by its biochemical composition and biological (biochemical and physiological functions), but also by certain physical, physicochemical and chemical properties, can be caused , in particular by increasing blood viscosity (for example, due to the use of moisture-retaining agents, which can concentrate blood due to intensive absorption of water (moisture). This insignificant, at first glance, effect can cause changes in blood pH, its viscosity, ionic strength . In turn, these changes can lead to changes in the native conformation of proteins, including enzymes that are blood coagulation factors, thereby activating and accelerating the blood coagulation process. In addition, the concentration of blood should promote and accelerate the formation of fibrin threads and their formation of the spatial grid to which platelets adhere. The same reasons can cause the destruction of the native tertiary structure of blood cells and their coagulation, which should also contribute to hemostasis (except when proteins, which are factors of the blood coagulation system, coagulate).

It is also clear that chemical compounds, substances or materials that are able to significantly affect the ionic strength of blood plasma due to a decrease in the content of electrolytes in it (or vice versa due to their significant increase) or due to changes in the value of blood pH due to the binding of low molecular weight ligands (amino acids, carboxylic acids) or vice versa, saturation of it (blood) with ligands, which, in addition to influencing the pH value, can also bind to blood proteins, causing changes in their native conformation and their coagulation. Such compounds that can significantly affect the ionic strength of blood plasma include inorganic hemostatic agents, in particular zeolites, modified activated carbon, some clays, orthotitanic acid, etc., as well as various organic hemostatic agents, in particular, carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylic acid, alginic acid, etc. Among such compounds, which are able to significantly affect changes in blood pH, include, in particular, among inorganic hemostatic agents, in particular, various modified clays, inorganic oxides with an acidic or alkaline surface form, etc., and among organic hemostatic agents, in particular, carboxymethylcellulose and its salts, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, chitosan, etc.

These agents can simultaneously perform several functions. So, for example, a moisture-retaining agent (in particular, CMC, alginic acid and its salts) can simultaneously perform the function of a binding, dust-suppressing hemostatic agent, and an organic hemostatic agent. An inorganic hemostatic agent, in addition to performing the function of a large foreign surface for liquid blood, which accelerates the start of the blood coagulation system by various (combined) mechanisms, due to its chemical features (for example, if it contains calcium), due to the large surface of contact with liquid blood, can at many points blood volume, and not only from the surface of the indicated volume of blood into this volume (as happens in the absence of HSZ3), to start the mechanism of blood coagulation and, above all, the mechanism of formation of fibrin fiber, the nuclei of which are formed on the surface of particles of inorganic hemostatic agent, and quickly spread in the blood volume in all directions and form a network of fibrin fibers to which platelets stick and gradually form a dense homogeneous clot.

As mentioned above, the effect of hemostatic agents on hemostasis can be not only positive, but also negative. Therefore, it is important to choose not only the optimal qualitative composition of the hemostatic composition, but also its quantitative composition, especially taking into account the fact that the hemostatic agents included in its composition simultaneously have several hemostatic functions, as mentioned above. The amount of the appropriate hemostatic agent in the hemostatic composition should be sufficient, but not excessive, to show the maximum positive effect on hemostasis, and at the same time negative effects should be minimized. In addition, an excess of one of the hemostatic agents, for example, a dust suppressant, can significantly reduce or completely eliminate the positive effect, for example, of an inorganic hemostatic agent, due to blocking the surface of the particles of the latter and, accordingly, preventing blood access to them. At the same time, one should also take into account the possibility of chemical and physicochemical interaction between hemostatic agents included in the hemostatic composition. The consequence of such interactions can be a cooperative or anti-cooperative hemostatic effect of hemostatic agents in the hemostatic composition.

Detailed description of the invention

Blood, which is a liquid connective tissue, is a polydisperse system - a suspension of formed elements (erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes) in plasma (in which proteins form a colloidal solution, and all other organic substances and inorganic salts form a real solution).

Blood plasma is 5 95 of human body weight and consists of water (90 95), proteins (7.8 90), among which there are albumins (70 95), globulins, fibrinogen and factors (II, M, MI, X), coagulation of blood, fats (0.8-1 95), glucose (0.12 95), urea and uric acid (0.5 90), mineral salts (0.9 9b), of which the majority belongs to Mass, Ca salts , K, Mod. This concentration is maintained at a constant level. Proteins provide a certain viscosity of the blood, which increases with water loss, which can lead to the formation of blood clots. The blood buffer system (pH-7.2-7.4) is provided by 15 95 blood proteins (due to the zwitterionic balance between their amino groups and carboxyl

With groups), and by 8595 weak acids and their salts (mainly carbonate and phosphate buffers).

Based on this, it is clear that in addition to starting the native blood coagulation mechanism, any action that will lead to the concentration of blood (increasing its viscosity) due to the rapid removal of water, binding (removal of inorganic salts) and drastic changes in pH, which will inevitably lead to coagulation of proteins, should contribute to hemostasis of blood, with the exception of coagulation of coagulation factors and extraction of calcium ions.

The natural process of blood coagulation (hemostasis) is a chain enzymatic process in which blood coagulation factors are sequentially activated and formed on the matrix of phospholipids, which are phospholipids (fragments) of the membranes of destroyed cells of the walls of vessels, tissues, formed elements of blood, and enter the blood complexes Phospholipids of cell membranes act as catalysts for the interaction and activation of coagulation factors, accelerating the course of the hemocoagulation process.

Since in our case we are talking about stopping massive (critical) bleeding, we are interested in the mechanism of hemostasis (which occurs in three phases) in external (tissue) and not internal (blood) blood coagulation systems. The external pathway is triggered by tissue thromboblastin (phospholipids), which is released from the walls of the damaged vessel and surrounding tissues. In the first phase, tissue platelet prothrombinase is formed quickly (5-10 seconds), the impetus for its formation is the appearance of tissue thromboblastin in the blood. Immediately after the appearance of prothrombinase in the II phase, as a result of the sorption of prothrombin on its surface by prothrombinase, it is quickly (2-5 s) transformed (with the participation of factors M, X and Sad) into thrombin. In the Х phase, the process of converting fibrinogen into fibrin takes place, which takes place in three stages: in the first stage, under the influence of thrombin, an ash-like fibrin monomer is formed from fibrinogen; at the second stage, under the influence of Ca2 ions, polymerization of fibrin monomers occurs and fibrin polymer is formed (soluble fibrin "5"7); at the third stage, the final or insoluble fibrin "I" is formed with the participation of the factor ХИИЯ and fibrinase of tissues, platelets and erythrocytes.

Fibrinase ensures the formation of strong peptide bonds between neighboring fibrin-polymer molecules, which cements fibrin, increases its mechanical strength and resistance to fibrinolysis. The formation of fibrin completes the formation of a blood clot.

It is clear that with massive bleeding, the content of thromboblastin in different areas of the bleeding is different (it is unevenly distributed throughout the volume of blood flowing out), as a result of which the processes in different areas occur at different speeds.

Therefore, when creating the composition of hemostatic agents and hemostatic agents based on it, the features of the hemostasis mechanism were taken into account.

The solution to the problem was obtained as a result of experiments, the results of which are shown in fig. 13. It was unexpectedly discovered that the combination of known hemostatic agents together in one hemostatic agent results in a positive result (improvement of the hemostatic effect, for example, of two components (hemostatic agents), in comparison with the individual effects of these components.

To compare the hemostatic action of various hemostatic agents - moisture-retaining, binding (dust suppressing), inorganic and organic, one of the key processes of hemostasis was chosen, namely the process of fibrin fiber (thread) formation, and the so-called "Fibrin thread model" was used (Normal Physiology / Under the editorship of V.I. Filimonov. - K.: Zdorovya, 1994. - pp. 272-283. Human physiology / Under the editorship of G.I. Kosytskyi. - Moscow: Medicine, 1984. - P. 217-226. Human Physiology: In Volumes / Translated from English / Edited by R. Schmidt and H. Tevs. - Moscow: Mir, 1996. - Volume 2. - pp. 430-439. William F. Ganong. Human Physiology/ Translation from English - Lviv: Bak, 2002), with the help of which the time during which the formation of a fibrin thread begins from the moment of contact of fresh donor blood with the research material and the time during which this process is completed, as well as the timing of the erythrocyte agglutination process. Some of the results of these experiments, for example, are shown in fig. 13.

The samples were prepared as follows: first, a solution or suspension of hemostatic agents was prepared and a composition of hemostatic agents consisting of two, three, four, etc. was obtained. components in the form of a solution or suspension. Then the specified compositions were brought into interaction with various types of carriers - woven, non-woven, knitted, in any arbitrary way, and dry samples of hemostatic agents were obtained, which consist of a carrier combined with one, two, three, four, etc. hemostatic agents.

A brief description of the methodology of the experiment.

The samples were prepared as follows: samples of fresh donor blood (of the same

From the donor) each time from a fresh puncture, a drop of blood was applied to a flat slide with the material placed on top of it, and covered with another slide, the prepared sample was immediately placed under the microscope lens (to observe the nature of agglutination) and, thus, have already observed the interaction of a drop of blood with a sample of hemostatic material (the time period from the beginning of blood sampling to the beginning of observation is 10-41 s. The same blood from the same sampling was used to conduct an experiment with fibrin fiber. For this, a drop of blood was placed on a glass slide with a recess with with a sample of material placed in it. | immediately, the specialist with special movements of the needle monitors the appearance of fibrin fibers in the blood layer directly adjacent to the material and records (with the help of a timer) the time of the beginning of the formation of fibrin fibers from fibrinogen and the end of the formation of fibrin fibers in the blood sample ( drops) on glass or on a sample of material that located on glass).

The agglutination of erythrocytes under a microscope and the appearance of fibrin on a slide were observed by two separate specialists at the same time on the same samples of the same material on the same blood.

Agglutination of erythrocytes was observed using a microscope (Carl Zeiss) in real time, changes in time were recorded using a timer. The procedure in all experiments was standard (the same).

In fig. 13. The results of the experiment on the formation of fibrin fibers from samples of donor blood on different samples of hemostatic materials are given (lines on the graph connect the points that show the time (s) when fibrin fiber formation begins (M) and ends (12) for the sample : Mo 1 (glass surface); Mo 2 (non-woven carrier); Mo C (knitted carrier); Mo 4 (woven carrier); Me 5 (GSZ SeiliochTM); Mob (GSZ OSshikSiOETM); Me 7 (polyethylene glycol); Me 8 (polyvinyl alcohol); Mo 9 (sodium alginate); Mo 10 (chitosan); Mo 11 (Glycerin); Me 12 (carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)); Me 13 (carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt); Mo 14 (polyvinylpyrrolidone); Mo 15 ( bentonite); Mo 16 (kaolin); Me 17 (titanium dioxide); Mo 18 (barium sulfate); Mo 19 (gallic acid); Mo 20 (poly acrylic acid); Mo 21 (tannin); Mo 22 (bentonite-

KMC); Mo 23 (bentonite-tannin); Me 24 (KMC-tannin); Mo 25 (kaolin-chitosan); Mo 26 (kaolin sodium alginate).

For comparison, as a control in fig. 13 shows the time characteristics of the process of fibrin thread formation on the glass surface in the absence of contact of a drop of blood with hemostatic agents or hemostatic agents (sample Mo 1). Since, for the correctness of the comparison of hemostatic agents, it was planned to use hemostatic agents in the form of a hemostatic agent, that is, a hemostatic agent connected to the same carrier), various textile carriers (woven, non-woven, knitted, etc.) were previously tested, the results of the study of some of which Fig. 13Z is also shown as an example and comparison (samples Mo 2, Mo Z, Mo 4, respectively). As can be seen from the comparison of samples Mo 2, Mo Z, Mo 4 with sample Mo 1 (Fig. 13), the carrier itself (but in a different way, which is possibly related to the different structure of the carriers) somewhat accelerates the process of fibrin thread formation and to the greatest extent this applies to non-woven textiles (sample Mo 2). This is probably related to the launch of the native blood coagulation mechanism on the foreign body, and the acceleration of the fibrin thread formation process for these samples compared to glass (sample Mo 1) is possibly related to the concentration of various blood coagulation factors due to at least partial dehydration of the blood (adsorption moisture in the carrier) and, accordingly, an increase in its density and viscosity. At the same time, agglutination (sticking of erythrocytes) on the carrier material, for example, a Mo 2 sample, begins after 1 minute and ends at 3 minutes, but it has an uneven, focal (clustered) nature. Based on the above, one of the non-woven textile materials (sample Mo 2) was chosen as a carrier for the production of other samples. For comparison, the best hemostatic agents known today were also used - corrugated field bandages Seioch TM (sample Mo 5) and OtsiKkSIYATM (sample Mo b).

It turned out that the time characteristics of the fibrin thread formation process for the agent

SeochTM (sample Mo 5), which is made of a dense non-woven carrier and chitosan, practically do not differ from the characteristics of the non-woven carrier (sample Me 2), however, the agglutination for the sample

Mo 5 (in contrast to the Me 2 sample) passes quickly (1-2 minutes), evenly and with great density.

In contrast to GSZ SeiochtTM (sample Mo 5), GSZ OcikXIOTM (sample Mo 6), which is also made of a non-woven carrier and kaolin, significantly accelerates the process of fibrin thread formation in comparison with the blood sample of ip migo (sample Mo 1) and the carrier (sample Mo 2), and in contrast to these samples, agglutination in the case of the Mob sample takes place quickly (beginning 60 s, end - 120 s) and uniformly, with high density, but it begins and runs mainly along the fibers, which is possibly related to by the action of kaolin particles, which are attached to the fibers.

Next, as an example, Fig. 13 shows the results of the study of some of the samples made of a non-woven carrier and hemostatic agents (moisture-retaining, binding (dust suppressant), inorganic and organic) both taken separately and in various combinations with each other. So samples made using moisture-retaining hemostatic agents - polyethylene glycol (sample Mo 7), polyvinyl alcohol (sample Mo 8), sodium alginate (sample Mo 9), chitosan (sample Mo 10), glycerin (sample Mo 11). As can be seen from fig. 13, the specified samples have different effects on the speed of the fibrin thread formation process in comparison, for example, with the carrier (sample Mo 2), most of them, with the exception of sample Mo 9, which contains sodium alginate, even inhibit this process. This is possibly due to the blocking of micropores that exist in the carrier, and through which, due to capillary forces, blood is absorbed into the carrier. In the case of alginate, which quickly swells and dissolves, some acceleration of the studied process may be due to its partial dissolution and direct contact with blood.

It should also be noted that sample Mo 10, which contains chitosan, is very close to GSZ Seioch m (sample Mo 5) in terms of its characteristics. At the same time, the specified agents, for example, glycerin (sample

Mo 11) significantly slow down agglutination (90 s - the beginning, 180 s - weak, loose agglutination over the entire surface of the sample).

For samples made of binding (pilo-precipitating) hemostatic agents, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose (sample Mo 12), sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose (sample Mo 13), polyvinylpyrrolidone (sample Mo 14), in contrast to samples Mo 7-Mo 11, which also have binding (dusting) properties, some acceleration of the fibrin fiber formation process is observed in comparison with the carrier (sample Mo 2).

For samples made of inorganic hemostatic agents, for example, bentonite (sample Mo 15), kaolin (sample Mo 16), titanium dioxide (sample Mo 17), barium sulfate (sample Mo 18), in contrast to the previous samples, a significant acceleration is observed ( especially in the case of kaolin and bentonite) of the process of fibrin fiber formation in comparison with the carrier (sample Mo 2), which is probably related to the large surface of the particles of these substances, which is in contact with blood, and the differences in their behavior are due to their different chemical nature . It should be noted that the sample that contains kaolin (sample Mo 16) in terms of time characteristics is superior even to HOZ

OksikSioi m (sample Me 6), not to mention GSZ SeYokh "m (sample Me 5), which is possibly explained by the presence of a dust-suppressing agent in the sample Mo b, which somewhat reduces the contact surface of clay bo with blood.

Samples made from organic hemostatic agents, for example, gallic acid (sample Mo 19), polyacrylic acid (sample Mo 20), tannin (sample Me 21), show approximately the same characteristics (Fig. 1) as the samples described above with moisture-retaining and binding (dusting) hemostatic agents, which are also organic hemostatic agents. However, for example, for gallic acid (sample Mo 19) in contrast to carboxymethyl cellulose (sample Mo 12), the effect on erythrocyte agglutination is different. Yes, a sample

Mo 12 with CMC accelerates agglutination (beginning 40 s, end 150 s), but it has a focal, uneven character, with a significant number of voids (areas without agglutination), and the sample Mo 19 with gallic acid has a positive effect on the speed (beginning 60 s, 90 s - complete agglutination along the fibers, 120 s - complete agglutination over the entire surface of the sample, and the agglutination has a uniform, dense character. At the same time, the action of, for example, CMC and tannin (samples Mo 12 and Mo 21, respectively) to accelerate the process of fibrin fiber formation is similar to the action of the carrier material, since the mentioned agents also have a moisture-adsorbing effect, which affects the concentration of blood coagulation factors and increases the concentration of its formed blood elements, however, CMC and tannin have different effects on agglutination.

Samples of hemostatic agents, which were made from a carrier and two hemostatic agents at the same time, unexpectedly demonstrated both a positive and a negative cooperative hemostatic effect (synergism of action). So, in particular, in fig. 13, for example, the results for some of such samples (samples Mo 22-Mo 25) are given. As can be seen from fig. 13, two-component hemostatic agents (sample Mo 23, containing bentonite and tannin, and sample Mo 24, containing tannin and

KMC) are characterized by a significantly longer fibrin fiber formation time than monocomponent materials with bentonite, tannin and KMC (samples Mo 15, Mo 21, Mo 12, respectively), which is possibly explained by the retarding effect of tannin, which may be due to the fact that tannin causes albumin coagulation and other proteins contained in blood plasma, including blood coagulation factors (for example, cocoagulation of fibrinogen with albumin). Thanks to this, the indicated hemostatic agents, which are combined in one hemostatic agent (samples Mo 23, Mo 24), show an anti-cooperative hemostatic effect. The negative cooperative (anti-cooperative) effect is also manifested in the agglutination process. Thus, for sample Mo 24 (KMC-tannin), agglutination begins quickly, for 40 s, but due to the coagulation of albumin

Then (perhaps due to the binding effect of tannin) in the second minute, a large number of microdroplets of water are released, which, as it were, foams the blood and thus inhibits the formation of fibrin and the agglutination of erythrocytes, which as a result does not lead to the formation of a normal blood clot, but leads to to the point that the blood resembles liquid jelly (gel).

Unlike samples Mo 23 (bentonite-tannin), Mo 24 (KMC-tannin), for two-component hemostatic agents (samples Mo 22 (bentonite-KMC), Me 25 (kaolin-chitosan), Mo 26 (kaolin- sodium alginate) a strongly pronounced positive cooperative effect is observed. Thus, in particular, for the sample Mo 22 (bentonite-CMC), the formation of fibrin fiber begins (PI) as early as 35 seconds, and its formation is completed already at 105 seconds (12). Cooperative effect for the sample Mo 22 (bentonite-CMC) is also found in the process of agglutination, which begins (3) at 15 seconds, becomes complete along the fibers (14) at 30 seconds, and at 60 seconds complete agglutination occurs over the entire surface of the sample (15). For comparison, the corresponding characteristics agglutination for samples Mo 15 (bentonite) (13-45 s, 14-60 s, 15-120 s) and Mo 12 (KMC) (13-40 s, 15-150 s; agglutination has a focal character with a significant number of voids ( areas without agglutination) are significantly worse. For samples Mo 25 (kaolin-chitosan), Mo 26 (kaolin-sodium alginate) t as well as for sample Mo 22 (bentonite-CMC), a pronounced cooperative effect is observed, which is evidenced, for example, by comparing the time of initiation (PI) and completion (12) of fibrin fiber formation for sample Mo 25 (kaolin-chitosan) (11 -75 s; 12-150 s) with samples Me 10 (chitosan) (1-170 s; 12-240 s) and Mo 16 (kaolin) (1-110 s; 12-125 s) and sample Mo 26 (kaolin-sodium alginate) (11-35 s; 12-140 s) respectively with samples Mo 9 (sodium alginate) (111-140 s; 12-205 s) and Mo 16 (kaolin) (111-110 s; 12-125 s).

Thus, the obtained results indicate that due to the manifestations of cooperative effects, hemostatic agents can enhance each other's hemostatic effect. However, anticooperative effects can weaken the hemostatic effect of individual hemostatic agents. Therefore, in order to obtain a highly effective hemostatic agent for the control of massive (critical) bleeding, it is necessary to create such a composition of hemostatic agents in which, thanks to the optimal selection of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the components, the functional properties of each of the agents not only complemented each other, but also as a result of the combination of the specified agents in the composition a new quality would be achieved - a significant increase in the hemostatic effect of the composition and the hemostatic agent made with its use.

During the experiments, it was found that the initiation of thrombus formation and the rapid, almost instantaneous primary absorption of moisture is carried out by inorganic components, however, this component has the disadvantage of dust formation and relatively low moisture binding. Organic components can provide significant moisture retention compared to their weight, but do not provide an immediate moisture absorption effect. Moisturizing components ensure the maintenance of a certain level of humidity in the absence of condensation. A certain level of humidity ensures the mechanical properties of the material, its plasticity, prevents dust formation of the inorganic component, and also provides acceptable tactile properties of the material. It was also found that the division of components into certain groups is quite conditional, since certain components may belong to different groups, but their combination, based on their functional purpose, in certain ratios compensates for shortcomings and strengthens positive qualities.

So, the researchers found during experiments that the optimal composition for a hemostatic agent should contain 4 groups of components: a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent, a binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent, an inorganic hemostatic agent, an organic hemostatic agent.

The moisture-retaining hemostatic agent is a substance selected from the group, which includes but is not limited to: carboxymethylcellulose and/or its salts and/or glycerin and/or chitosan.

A binding dust suppressant hemostatic agent is a substance selected from the group, which includes but is not limited to: synthetic and/or natural, including modified, polysaccharides, in particular carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, agar-agar, gum arabic, dextrin.

As an organic hemostatic agent contains polyphenol and/or its components, in particular tannin (tannic acid) and/or gallic, talaba digalic acid and/or ellagic acid and/or flavonoids, in particular rutin and/or quercetin, and/or selected preferably from group of water-soluble polymers, including natural polymers, including chemically modified natural polymers, selected mainly from the group of cellulose derivatives, gelatin,

From polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrose, pectin, chitosan, agar-agar, gum arabic, collagen, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl acetate, and/or from the group of polyols, selected preferably from the group of glymes, glycerol and its esters.

The inorganic hemostatic agent includes water-insoluble and/or sparingly soluble oxides of natural and/or synthetic origin, selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of oxides of titanium, silicon, aluminum, etc., clays, selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from groups containing kaolin, bentonite, etc., and/or minerals selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from zeolites, which, including, may be part of clays, metal salts, selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group , containing calcium, barium sulfates, titanates, phosphates, glycerophosphates, etc.).

Also, to ensure radiopaqueness of the hemostatic agent, it is suggested to additionally introduce radiopaque substances. Preference to radiopaque substances is given to those that have hemostatic properties. Such substances are preferably, but not exclusively, selected from the group consisting of barium sulfate, phosphate, and barium titanate.

To visualize the hemostatic composition, as well as any hemostatic agent or its fragments, in X-rays, which is necessary to control the absence of the specified composition or the specified agent in the wound after providing qualified medical care, including surgical intervention, to prevent negative consequences caused by "forgotten" hemostatic composition or hemostatic agent in the wound, the hemostatic composition may contain at least one hemostatic agent that has radiopaque properties.

As one of the possible examples of such a composition, the composition of the composition in Example Mo 17 is given, which contains an inorganic hemostatic agent - barium titanate, which has radiopaque properties. Next, as one of the possible examples (Example Mo 20) of such a hemostatic composition, which contains an inorganic hemostatic agent - barium sulfate, which has radiopaque properties. Made from such a hemostatic composition, for example

Example Mo 20, a hemostatic agent, as one possible example, for example, a hemostatic agent "wipe" (16), which is shown in Fig. 1, and which consists of a "composition" (171) (6) and a "two-dimensional" "carrier" (33) preferably, but not exclusively, square or rectangular or oval in shape, and on which the radiopaque material (34) contained in the hemostatic "composition" (6) is fixed with the mesh structure (8) "carrier" (33) , which consists 60 of threads and/or fibers and/or strips which can be interconnected in any satisfactory manner. Interweaving (1) and knots (2, 3) between the components of the mesh structure (8) of the "carrier" (33) allow the material to be flexible and to maintain constant sizes of the holes (2, 3, 5) between them. Threads, fibers and strips of mesh material can be made from polymers (nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polycarbonate, etc.) and/or, glass fibers and/or from organic matter (of natural origin) (for example, cotton, wool, silk, etc.) and metals and/or their combinations. "Carrier" includes special additional holes (5) and cells of an irregular grid (4), formed by interweaving (1) of fibers and thread-like structures in nodes (2, 3). Tool "Tool 8" (32) is "Tool 2" of a napkin (16) (Fig. 1), through the specified holes (4), as well as additional holes (5), into which, as well as through the interlacing system (1) and nodes (2, 3), liquid (blood) can penetrate, including due to capillary forces, and interact with particles and molecules of hemostatic agents of the specified "composition" (171) (6), as a result of which blood clotting is accelerated. At the same time, the radiopaque agent is evenly distributed over the "carrier" (33) and in X-rays such a composition (171) (6), which is given in Example Mo 20, and from which the hemostatic agent (170) (16) is made, has radiopaque properties in x-rays, as can be seen from fig. 12.

As one of the possible examples of a hemostatic composition, which has the composition given in

For example, Mo 17, and which has radiopaque properties in X-rays, in fig. 12. an arbitrary graphic image (173), for example "X", is given by writing a composition according to Example Me 20 of the image (173) in the form of an "X" graph on a "carrier" (33) in the form of a napkin (174) (16) .

As can be seen from fig. 12, both, as one of the possible options, hemostatic compositions according to

For example, Mo 17 and Mo 20, and hemostatic agents in the form of napkins ((170), (174), which are described above, ensure radiopaqueness of the specified compositions and agents in X-rays and their detection in the wound, if they are left in the wound).

Taking into account the requirements for such products in terms of unpretentiousness to storage conditions and the duration of the storage period, the hemostatic agent is in hermetic packaging, which ensures its sterility during the entire storage period.

The solution to the technical task set before the invention consists in providing two objects: a hemostatic composition and a carrier. More precisely, the hemostatic composition as such and the hemostatic agent, which consists of the above-mentioned composition of hemostatic agents combined with a carrier in which the container holds the specified composition. It should be noted separately that "capacity" in the sense of this invention represents a significant set of various media and containers, which can be conditionally divided into 2 groups: "two-dimensional" containers, in which the ratio of one of the dimensions to the other two is at least 10 times smaller than the smallest of the other two, and the form of these "containers" is relatively simple (for example, fabric, bandage, non-woven material, etc.), and "three-dimensional", the constructions of which can be quite complex, and there is no such ratio of dimensions as in "two-dimensional".

The container is a product or device, the material for which is any selected from the following group: cotton, silk, wool, plastic, cellulose, viscose; polymer (for example, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester (polyether, polycarbonate, etc.), metal, glass fiber, organic substances; mixtures of the above; woven, nonwoven, film permeable and/or waterproof.

The container can be, for example, but not limited to, a bandage, tissue, film, which can be folded and/or twisted and/or curled in a certain way.

The container may, for example, but not necessarily, be in a hermetic package that ensures its sterility during the shelf life.

The container can be "three-dimensional".

The container may be a vessel that contains the composition of hemostatic agents, or the above-mentioned hemostatic agent, or a medical device, for example, a tampon, a napkin, a sponge, a sponge, at least part of the container for the composition of hemostatic agents may have a waterproof shell. At least part of the container for the hemostatic agent composition has a waterproof shell, and the hemostatic agent composition additionally contains at least one foaming component. At least part of the container for the composition of hemostatic agents can have a waterproof shell, which is filled with a composition of hemostatic agents in the form of a gel, foam, or paste. At least part of the container for the composition of hemostatic agents, which has a fibrous and/or mesh and/or has a structure with a system of holes, can incorporate the composition of hemostatic agents in any satisfactory way, in particular impregnated with a solution and/or suspension of the composition of hemostatic agents, using a spray of the solution and/or suspension of the composition of hemostatic agents, and/or use "5Ioi-die" rgose55 to apply the solution and/or suspension of the composition of hemostatic agents, dry to the required humidity and apply adhesive adhesive to at least part of the surface of at least one side of the container for the complex of hemostatic agents substance. Also, the specified agent can be in a hermetic package, which ensures its sterility during the storage period.

A hemostatic composition that has radiopaque properties may contain suitable hemostatic agents that have radiopaque properties (radiocontrast agents), and which may be selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of barium sulfate, titanate, barium phosphate.

As one of the possible options for ensuring the radiopaqueness of the hemostatic composition and the hemostatic agent produced from it, radiopaque agents can be selected from the group consisting of polymeric materials, for example polypropylene, which are made with the addition of radiopaque agents, in particular barium sulfate, and which are made mainly in in the form of threads, which can be crushed into small fragments, which can be additionally added to the hemostatic composition to ensure (Its radiopaque properties. The presence of a radiopaque material, for example, the above-mentioned polymeric (which is made of polypropylene and, for example, barium sulfate) materials in the form of threads, strips, tapes, which is attached to the carrier (33) for producing a hemostatic agent, for example (32), also provides a reliable indication of the presence of a hemostatic agent in the wound.

For visualization of any hemostatic agent in X-rays, a radiopaque agent can be added (attached) to the composition of the "agent" directly in (to) the "carrier" material. In fig. 2 is presented as one of the possible variants of the "means" - the means (32), which consists of a "composition" (6) and a "two-dimensional" "carrier" (33) preferably, but not exclusively, of a square or rectangular or oval shape, and on to which a radiopaque material (34) is fixed in the form of a strip or tape, which holds the specified "composition" (b) and includes radiopaque components or is treated with a radiopaque thread.

Mesh structure (8) "carrier" (33) which consists of threads and/or fibers and/or strips which can be interconnected in any satisfactory manner. Interweaving (1) and knots (2, 3) between the components of the mesh structure (8) of the "carrier" (33) allow the material to be flexible and maintain constant sizes of the holes (2, 3, 5) between them. Threads, fibers and strips of mesh

The material can be made of polymers (nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polycarbonate, etc.) and/or glass fiber and/or organic matter (of natural origin) (for example, cotton, wool, silk, etc.) and metals and/or their combinations. "Carrier" includes special additional holes (5) and cells of an irregular grid (4), formed by interweaving (1) of fibers and thread-like structures in nodes (2, 3). The tool (32) is a napkin (16) (Fig. 1), through the specified holes (4), as well as additional holes (5), into which, as well as through the system of weaves (1) and knots (2, 3), liquid (blood) can penetrate, including due to capillary forces, and interact with particles and molecules of hemostatic agents of the specified "composition" (6), as a result of which blood clotting is accelerated.

To apply the agent (32) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed on top of and/or inside the wound. Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (b), which are in the "carrier" (33), are in contact with the tissue of the wound and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface and in the volume of "Tool 8", which contributes to coagulation of blood The flexibility of the "carrier" (33) allows the agent (32) to take and maintain the shape of the wound. The presence of a radiopaque material (34) attached to a "carrier" in the form of a strip or tape, optionally made of polypropylene and barium sulfate, and the use of such a carrier (33) to produce a hemostatic agent (32) provides a reliable indication of the presence of a hemostatic agent in the wound

An airtight bag (not shown) ensures the sterility of the hemostatic agent until it is used.

In fig. 2 presents a means (35) in which, for its visualization in X-rays, a radiopaque agent (36) is added, in particular, as one of the possible options, organophosphate and/or barium sulfate, directly into the hemostatic composition (6) or together with the hemostatic composition ( 6). For example, the tool (35) may additionally include a radiopaque component (36), for example, as one of the possible options, barium sulfate applied to the "carrier" in an arbitrary way in the form of a strip (34) or in any other way.

As mentioned above, in order to ensure the effective operation of the hemostatic composition and its ease of use, as well as the preservation of its properties during storage, transportation, the specified composition can be combined with a container into one unit, where such combined hemostatic composition and container represent a hemostatic agent, and where the container holds the hemostatic 60 agent. The container can be "two-dimensional", in particular flat, and "three-dimensional".

The hemostatic agent, which is made of a "two-dimensional" container, and such a container itself, which are a two-dimensional geometric structure (drawing), in particular, a rectangle (16), which is shown in fig. 2, preferably, but not exclusively, flat, in which the length and width measurements significantly exceed the height measurements, for example, having a ratio of Length or Width to Height of at least 10 times, including those for compact packaging (for example, napkins, bandages) folded or twisted into three-dimensional shapes, for example, corrugations, rolls, ) or ease of use (for example, cord, spiral) with and/or examples of two-dimensional, flat structures can be bandages, bandages, napkins, etc.

Such a hemostatic agent can be produced from a container, which is a product or device, the material for which is any selected from the following group: cotton, silk, wool, plastic, cellulose, viscose; polymer (for example, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester (polyether, polycarbonate, etc.), metal, glass fiber, organic substances; mixtures of the above; woven, non-woven, film water-permeable and/or waterproof. As one of the possible examples of the use of the invention Fig. 1 shows an example of a two-dimensional device, which is made of a two-dimensional container (10), which is a fragment (10) of a non-woven material, which consists of cellulose and viscose fibers. contact with blood.

Since the hemostatic properties of the "agent" are an integral characteristic that depends both on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the hemostatic agents that make up the "composition" and on the material or materials from which the "carrier" is made, its macro- and microstructure, the method of manufacture etc. Based on the fact that the "carrier" should ensure reliable fixation and retention of the "composition" in the entire volume and/or on the entire surface of the specified "means" and one, but not the only, 3 of its functions are to prevent particles of the "composition" from entering the wound, i.e. mechanically separating it from the "carrier", and ensuring the flexibility of the carrier so that it can well repeat the geometry of the wound, the "carrier" consists of a material selected mainly, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of organic substances of natural origin and products of their chemical modification (cotton, silk, wool, plastic, cellulose, viscose, etc.), polymers (for example, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester (polyether), polycarbonate, etc.), metal, glass fiber, organic substances; mixtures of the above; woven, non-woven, film waterproof

Co) and/or waterproof.

Such a "carrier" consists of threads, fibers, strips and their combinations. As one of the possible variants of such a "carrier" (10) is shown in fig. 1, where it can be seen from the given photo of the non-woven material (12) that its fibers are twisted (entwined) in places (1) along their axis and form thread-like structures, in places they are intertwined in different directions and form knots (2), in places twisted from fibers are thread-like structures and/or fibers (7) also form nodes (3). This structure of the "carrier" ensures its hygroscopicity, effective absorption of moisture and the ability to maintain its flexibility, which allows it to be folded or folded in any way for further packaging as part of the "tool". The flexibility of the "carrier" and the "tool" made from it allows it to take the shape appropriate to the wound and collect it during application. The present invention is not limited to the use of woven or non-woven fibrous materials as a container material, so, in particular, felt (felt) and the like are within the scope of the present invention.

The specified nodes (2) and (3) form a mesh structure (8), which has cells of different sizes and shapes, namely holes (4), and for which is shown in fig. 1 is a schematic representation as one possible example. In addition to the specified cells, such a mesh structure also contains additional special holes (5) preferably, but not exclusively, of oval and/or square and/or rectangular and/or rhombic shape, which are macroholes compared to the dimensions of the specified cells (4), and additionally provide the possibility of penetration of blood deep into the material and its contact with hemostatic agents, which are part of the "composition", and where on the specified

Because the "two-dimensional" container, that is, the "carrier", is applied and fixed in any possible way, the "composition" (6).

Such a mesh structure (8), including a structure with additional holes (5), additionally provides both a reliable retention of the "composition", which includes particles and molecules of hemostatic agents, and the contact of the latter with blood, for example in the means (11) given in fig. 1, as well as the high hygroscopicity and water permeability of the "agent", which additionally ensures the acceleration of blood coagulation when it comes into contact with blood flowing from the wound.

NAPKIN. Figure 1 shows one of the possible variants of the "tool" - the tool (16), which consists of a "composition" (6) and a "two-dimensional" "carrier" (10), preferably, but not exclusively, of a square or rectangular or oval shape, which holds the specified "composition" (b). because the "Carrier" includes special additional holes (5) and cells of an irregular grid (4), formed by interweaving (1) of fibers and thread-like structures in nodes (2, 3). The tool (16) is a napkin (Fig. 1), through the specified holes (4), as well as additional holes (5), into which, as well as through the system of weaves (1) and nodes (2, 3), liquid can penetrate (blood), including due to capillary forces, and interact with particles and molecules of hemostatic agents of the specified "composition" (6), as a result of which blood clotting is accelerated.

Mesh structure (8) "carrier" (10) which consists of threads and/or fibers and/or strips which can be interconnected in any satisfactory manner. Interweaving (1) and knots (2, 3) between the components of the mesh structure (8) of the "carrier" (10) allow the material to be flexible and maintain constant sizes of the holes (2, 3, 5) between them. Threads, fibers and strips of mesh material can be made from polymers (nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polycarbonate, etc.) and/or, glass fibers and/or from organic matter (of natural origin) (for example, cotton, wool, silk, etc.) and metals and/or their combinations.

To apply the agent (16) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed on top of and/or inside the wound. Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (6), which are in the container ("carrier") (10), are in contact with the tissue of the wound and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface and in the volume of the agent (16), which promotes blood clotting. The flexibility of the "carrier" (10) allows the agent (16) to take and maintain the shape of the wound.

An airtight bag (not shown) ensures the sterility of the hemostatic agent until it is used.

CORRUGATED BANDAGE (907). The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "tool", which as one of the possible variants of hemostatic tool - tool (21), is presented in fig. 2, consists of a two-dimensional hemostatic agent (16), preferably a bandage in the form of a tape, which is repeatedly folded across the longitudinal axis (22) of the original tape, with the formation of zigzag folds (23) on the surface of the bandage, the presence of which helps to increase the surface area of this hemostatic agent, which contacts the surface of the damaged tissue (wound), which in turn accelerates blood clotting. An airtight bag (not shown) ensures the sterility of the hemostatic agent until use.

To apply the agent (21) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed on top of and/or inside the wound. Mesh carrier material

Zo (10) has openings (4, 5) permeable to liquid (blood). Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (6) contained in the hemostatic agent (16) come into contact with the wound tissue and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface of the hemostatic agent (16), which contributes to blood clotting. The flexibility of the carrier material (10) allows it to take and maintain the shape of the wound.

CORRUGATED BANDAGE (457). The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "Measure", which as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent - means 5 (24), is presented in fig. 2, and which consists of a two-dimensional hemostatic agent (16), preferably a bandage in the form of a tape, which is repeatedly crimped sequentially or alternately at an angle of, preferably, but not exclusively, 45", relative to the longitudinal axis (22) of the original bandage tape sequentially and/or in opposite directions and their combination with the formation of many folds (25) on the surface of the bandage, the presence of which helps to increase the surface area of this hemostatic agent, which is in contact with the surface of the damaged tissue (wound), which in turn accelerates blood coagulation. Hermetic package (not shown ) ensures the sterility of the hemostatic agent until the moment of use.

To apply the agent (24) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed over and/or inside the wound. The mesh material of the carrier (10) has holes (4, 5) that are permeable to liquid (blood). Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (6) in the hemostatic agent (24) come into contact with the wound tissue and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface of the hemostatic agent (24), which contributes to blood clotting. The flexibility of the carrier material (10) allows it to take and maintain the shape of the wound.

BANDAGE (ROLL) Means (26) as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent is presented in fig. 2. This tool is a bandage, which is made of a napkin (16) in the form of a ribbon, which is twisted into a roll (27) for convenient application to the wound and its dressing. To apply the agent (26) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package and placed over and/or inside the wound. The mesh material of the carrier (10) of the specified bandage (26) has holes (4, 5) permeable to liquid (blood). Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (b), which are in the hemostatic agent (26), contact the wound tissue and/or blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface of the hemostatic agent (26), which contributes to blood clotting. The flexibility of the carrier material (10) allows it to take and maintain the shape of the wound. Sufficient length of the tape, which is folded into a roll, allows you to securely fix the bandage on the wound. If necessary, the bandage can be cut with scissors.

FILM. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "Measure", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic agent - Means (28), is presented in fig. 2, and which is a water-permeable film (29) having holes (30) permeable to liquid (blood) and may have/or not have additional holes (31) of any shape, preferably/but not exclusively oval, square , rhombic, pressed against the surface of the wound and/or placed inside the wound opening. The composition of hemostatic agents (b) is incorporated into the water-permeable material (29) of the Means (28).

The material of the water-permeable film (29) as one of the possible options can be made of, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, or gelatin, or calcium alginate, etc.

WINDOW BANDAGE. In fig. 4 presents one of the possible variants of the hemostatic agent, the agent (37), which has a window structure and is an elastic bandage in the form of a tape to stop bleeding, which has the properties of a pressure bandage directly over the wound. This device consists of two bands of elastic bandage (38), which are located along the edges along the longitudinal axis of the band, and are connected to each other in any satisfactory way across the specified axis by inelastic strips (39), preferably, but not exclusively, of a rectangular shape, on the distance is mainly, but not exclusively, approximately 200 mm, due to which the window structure of the indicated hemostatic agent is formed. A strip of corrugated bandage (21) is inserted into each "window" (40), the edges of which are fixed in any satisfactory way to two adjacent inelastic strips (39), which form a "window" (40) with fragments of elastic bandage tape (38). The longitudinal and transverse strips are made of a "two-dimensional" material, mainly, but not exclusively, textiles.

Longitudinal strips of the tool (37) made of elastic material serve to create the effect of a pressure bandage directly over the wound and reliably fix the tool on the wound. The transverse strips (39) serve to connect the "windows" (40) to each other, as well as to preserve the presence of a corrugated surface, which can be leveled by strong stretching of the elastic strips (38) along the longitudinal axis of the tape. fragments of an elastic bandage in the form of tapes can be used as longitudinal strips (38), and fragments of non-elastic textile of mainly rectangular shape can be used as transverse strips (39).

To apply the tool (37) to a bleeding wound, it is necessary to remove it from

From the sealed package and place over and/or inside the wound. Particles and molecules of hemostatic agents (b), which are in the "carrier" (10), are in contact with the tissue of the wound and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface and in the volume of the agent (37), which contributes to coagulation of blood The flexibility of the "carrier" (10) allows the agent (37) to take and maintain the shape of the wound.

The elasticity of the longitudinal bands (38) allows this hemostatic agent to act as a pressure bandage directly over the wound. The sufficient length of the tape, which is rolled up mainly into a roll (26), as well as the presence of at least one additional special fastener (special fastener) (43), allows you to securely fix the tool (37) on the wound. If necessary, the bandage can be cut with scissors.

WINDOW BANDAGE ("ordinary or elastic bandage). The following implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent -

Tool (41), shown in fig. 4, and which consists of a means (37) in the form of a folded tape, to one edge of which, namely to its component part - an inelastic strip (39), attached in any satisfactory way in the area indicated by a dotted line (44) with one end elastic a bandage or an inelastic bandage (42) to the second end of which a special fastener (a special fastener) (165) can be attached. Sufficient length of the bandage tape (42), as well as a special fastener (43), additionally ensure the possibility of reliable fixation of the tool (41) on the wound.

Three-dimensional container and three-dimensional carrier - in the sense of this invention, any container and carrier that is a three-dimensional geometric figure, preferably, but not exclusively, a cylinder, sphere, ellipsoid, parallelepiped, etc. in the form of disks, balls, sticks, pockets, pouches, pads, which are made from at least one fragment of a two-dimensional medium, by fixing at least two opposite edges of the two-dimensional medium in any rational way, and cans, syringes, tubes, containers and other vessels, including including sealed, for storage of liquid, semi-liquid, gel-like and paste-like and foam-like and other suitable forms of composition, which are a three-dimensional geometric figure, preferably, but not exclusively, a cylinder, sphere, ellipsoid, parallelepiped.

Cylinders, spheres, ellipsoids, cubes, parallelepipeds

The use of three-dimensional volumetric hemostatic agents, in particular tampons, helps to increase the sorption capacity of the hemostatic agent and, as a result, accelerates blood clotting even more. An increase in the sorption capacity of the agent, for example, can be achieved by joining together in any satisfactory way two and/or more identical and/or different fragments of hemostatic agents, in particular a napkin, a bandage, a certain geometric shape, as a result of which a "three-dimensional" figure is formed of a certain form, which depends on the type of fixation (connection) and/or the shape of the initial fragments, and/or the method of fixation of the initial fragments. As one of the possible variants of such a means is a means (50) (Fig. 3), which is made of at least one or two identical and/or different fragments of hemostatic means, in particular a napkin, a bandage, a certain geometric shape, which are connected to each other by any - in some satisfactory manner, thereby forming a "three-dimensional" figure of a certain shape, in particular, but not exclusively, cylindrical (51), spherical (52), ellipsoidal (53), cubic (54) shape. The hemostatic agent is pressed against the surface of the wound and/or placed inside the wound opening. Used for tamponade and closure of superficial bleeding wounds.

CORD. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (45), is presented in fig. 5, has a cylindrical shape and is obtained from a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent "napkin" (16) (Fig. 1) of a rectangular or square shape by twisting it diagonally (46) to a thickness in diameter, preferably, but not exclusively, of about 5 mm according to the spiral (47) (clockwise or counterclockwise), and which has a length, preferably, but not exclusively, of approximately 200-300 mm, which is formed by cutting off the excess fragments from both ends along the indicated dotted line (48), and with the formed edges in the form of, preferably, but not exclusively, an oval of conical shape (49), and which is fixed in any satisfactory way (gluing, stitching, etc.). Means (45) can be used for tamponade of narrow canals of gunshot wounds and bleeding from ear canals due to contusion.

TAMPON (disc). As one of the possible examples of such a tool (50) - Tool (55) is presented in fig. 3, and which is preferably in the form of a cylinder (51) or disk (200) (not shown) and consists, preferably, but not exclusively, of 4-8 layers (57) of fragments of the "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent (16), which are bonded ( fixed) to each other in any way around the entire perimeter (56) and/or stitched in the middle (56). The hemostatic agent is pressed against the surface of the wound and/or placed inside the wound opening. Used for tamponade and closure of superficial bleeding wounds.

YORSH. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (60), is presented in fig. 3, which consists of a tampon (61) in the form of a cylindrical column (51) with a diameter, preferably, but not exclusively, of about 5 mm and a length, preferably, but not exclusively, of about 100 mm, which is formed by stringing fragments in the form of circles (62 ) along their center (63), obtained from hemostatic means, in particular, a napkin (16), a bandage (26), on a flexible rod (64) with a diameter, preferably, but not exclusively, of 2 mm, and a length, preferably, but not exclusively 200 mm, and where the circles (62) in the tampon (61) tightly pressed on the rod (64) are securely fixed on both sides of it by fasteners (65), (66), which are mounted on the rod (64).

The end of this tool (60) is gradually introduced into the wound channel from the side of the fixator (66) by pressing the end of the tampon (61) to the opening of the indicated channel. The flexibility of the rod (64) allows the Tool (60) to deliver the hemostatic agents contained in the tool directly into the wound opening without further traumatizing the damaged tissues.

TAMPON ON A FLEXIBLE ROD. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (67), is presented in fig. 5, has a cylindrical shape (51) and which is made from one fragment of one of the "two-dimensional" hemostatic means, in particular, a napkin (16), a bandage (26), in the form of a tape; and wherein the tape of said material is wound into a roll (68), the free end of which, as shown by a dotted line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tampon, is attached in any suitable manner to the previous layer to prevent its unwinding; and wherein the end (b9) of the formed roll (68) is fastened in any satisfactory manner to fix the edge of the tape and give a conical shape to this end of the roll (69) to facilitate its entry into the wound opening; and wherein the inner edge of the tape (not shown) is further secured in any satisfactory manner to one end of a flexible rod-shaped substrate (70) having a diameter of preferably, but not exclusively, about 2 mm and a length of preferably, but not exclusively, about 70 mm; and wherein the total length of said means is preferably, but not exclusively, about 80 mm; and wherein the length of the coiled and fixed said "two-dimensional means" is preferably, but not exclusively, about 20 mm, and the diameter is preferably, but not exclusively, about 5 mm. The purpose and use of the Tool (67) are similar to the purpose and use

Tool (60).

POCKET. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (72), is presented in Fig.b, and which is made in the form of a pocket (73), which is a container mainly square or rectangular of a shape that is made in an arbitrary way from at least one layer, preferably, but not exclusively, from 4-8 layers, of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent such as a bandage (26) or a napkin (16), and where the two walls (74, 75) of the container from connected (fixed) on three sides (76) along the entire perimeter in any way, and on the fourth side it has a free opening (77) and, as can be seen from its dissection along the dashed line (78), it has a cavity (79) in the middle. This product is suitable for tamponing wounds both by itself and in combination with other products.

TUBA. Fig. 12 shows one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent, which is characterized by the fact that the container is a vessel that contains a composition of hemostatic agents in the form of a gel, foam, suspension, paste, and at least part of the container for the composition of hemostatic agents has a waterproof shell.

The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (158), is presented in fig. 11 consists of a tube (159) with a spout (160) and a protective cap (161). In the tube 159 there is a hemostatic composition (b) in the form of a gel, foam, suspension or paste. To apply the Tool (158) to a bleeding wound, remove the cap (161), direct the nozzle (160) to the damaged tissue or wound, squeeze and apply the required amount of hemostatic composition to the wound.

TAMPON EMPTY STICK. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (71), is presented in fig. 5, has a cylindrical shape (51) and which is made from one fragment of one of the "two-dimensional" hemostatic means, in particular, a napkin (16), a bandage (26), in the form of a tape; and wherein the tape of said material is rolled into a roll (68), the free end of which, as shown by a dashed line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tampon (68), is attached in any suitable manner to the previous layer to prevent its unwinding; and wherein both ends (69) of the formed roll (68) are fastened in any satisfactory manner to secure the edge of the tape and provide a conical shape to these ends of the roll (69) to facilitate insertion of the agent into the wound opening. Intended for tamponade of narrow openings of gunshot wounds.

From TAMPAX TAMPON. To increase the sorption capacity of the hemostatic agent, to ensure ease of its introduction into the wound and its removal from the wound, as one of the possible variants of the invention, a means (87) is proposed, which is shown in fig. 2, and which in addition to the main means, which preferably, but not exclusively, is a container (88) made of a "two-dimensional" means, for example (16), which may additionally contain (90) another hemostatic agent and/or a composition of hemostatic agents and/or at least one of the hemostatic agents.

For ease of removal from the wound, such a tool may contain an applicator (180) in the form of a thread and/or tape and/or strip. Such a tool has a greater sorption capacity relative to blood, thanks to which it better provides tamponade of the wound, and thanks to the presence of an applicator, it is convenient to remove it from the wound.

TAMPON (POCKET - GS3). The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (80), is presented in fig. 6, and which is a Device (72) in which, through the free hole (77), the internal cavity (79) is filled in any arbitrary way with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26), including a corrugated one, and/or fragments of the said means, which in any satisfactory way have been given a certain geometric shape, and/or a composition of hemostatic agents in the form of a paste, or a dried suspension and their combinations, and / or mixtures of the above-mentioned means and compositions.

This product is suitable for tamponing wounds both by itself and in combination with other products.

TAMPON (POCKET 4 CORRUGATED BANDAGE). The following implementation of the invention provides that such a "means" which, as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent -

Device (81), presented in fig. 6, and which is a Tool (72), in which a "two-dimensional" hemostatic tool is inserted into the cavity through the free hole (77) - a corrugated bandage (21), one end of which is fixed inside the pocket to its bottom, and the other peeks out, which provides the possibility of using the specified bandage as an additional hemostatic agent. These means (72), (80), (81) are suitable for tamponade of wounds both by themselves and in combination with other means, for example as means (82).

TAMPON PAD. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (83) is presented in fig. 6, because it is made in the form of a pocket (72, which is a container of mainly square or rectangular shape, which is made in an arbitrary way from at least one layer, preferably, but not exclusively, from 4-8 layers, of a "two-dimensional" bandage-type hemostatic agent ( 16) or napkin (26), and where the two walls (74, 75) of the container are connected (fixed) on four sides (76), (84), along the entire perimeter in any way, or in which through a free hole ( 77) the cavity (79) is pre-filled with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent - a napkin (16), a corrugated bandage (21), a bandage (26), a tampon (82), or a composition of hemostatic agents (b) and their combinations, and which of the four sides (76), (84), including the hole (77), along the entire perimeter of the two walls (74, 75) of the container are connected (fixed) in any way, and which, in addition to the outer surface of one of the edges (74) to the opening of the pocket is attached in any arbitrary way one end of an elastic bandage (not shown) or an ordinary bandage preferably long, but not approximately 5 m, which ensures the fixation of the hemostatic agent to the wound and/or the application of a compression bandage.

WINDOW BANDAGE (ordinary or elastic pad) The next implementation of the invention assumes that such a "means" which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (149), is presented in fig. 4. Means 35 (149) consists of "means (37) or means (41) to one of the edges of which, namely, a free inelastic strip (39), is attached in any satisfactory manner to a special tampon, namely a "pad" ( 83) (Fig. b).

The use of the "pad" agent (83) in combination with a bandage with a window structure (37 or 41) increases the total sorption capacity of the agent (149) relative to blood. When it is applied to a bleeding wound, the tampon pad (83) should be placed on the surface or inside the wound and fixed with a bandage (37 or 41), which also has a hemostatic effect and allows the application of a compression bandage

WINDOW BANDAGE (ordinary or elastic gauze) The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means" which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (149), is presented in fig. 4. The means (149) consists of means (80) and means (37) or means (41) to one of the edges of which, namely, a free non-elastic strip (39), is attached in any satisfactory manner to a special tampon, namely "pocket" (80). The use of a "pocket" (80) (fig. b) in combination with a bandage with a window structure (37 or 41) increases the total sorption capacity of the "agent" relative to blood. When it is applied to a wound that

If it is bleeding, the "pocket" (80) should be placed on the surface or inside the wound and fixed with a bandage (37 or 41), which also has a hemostatic effect and makes it possible to apply a compression bandage.

WINDOW BANDAGE (ordinary or elastic - pocket with corrugated bandage).

The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (151), is presented in fig. 4. The device (151) consists of the device (37) or the device (41) to one of the edges of which, namely the free non-elastic strip (39), is attached in any satisfactory manner to a special tampon, namely a "pocket", with a corrugated bandage located in the middle (according to item 28), one edge of which peeks out from the pocket opening (81). The specified corrugated bandage, if necessary, can be used as an additional hemostatic agent for tamponade of large wounds. The use of a "pocket" (81) along with a bandage with a window structure (37 or 41) increases the total sorption capacity of the "agent" relative to blood. When it is applied to a bleeding wound, the "pocket" (81) (Fig. 6) should be placed on the surface or inside the wound and fixed with a bandage (37 or 41), which also has a hemostatic effect.

TAMPON "FULL STICK". The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (87), is presented in fig. 5, has a cylindrical shape (51) and which is made from one fragment of one of the "two-dimensional" hemostatic means, in particular, a napkin (16), a bandage (26), in the form of a tape; and wherein the tape of said material is wound into a roll (88), the free end of which, indicated by a dotted line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tampon, is attached in any suitable manner to the previous layer to prevent its unwinding; and wherein one end (69) of the formed roll (88) is fastened in any satisfactory manner to secure the edge of the tape and to provide a conical shape to this end of the roll (69) to facilitate the insertion of the agent into the wound opening, and where through the free opening (89) the cavity (90) is pre-filled with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent - selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26), including a corrugated one (21), and/or fragments of said agents, which in any satisfactory way is given a certain geometric shape, or a composition of hemostatic agents (b) in the form of a paste, or a dried suspension and their combinations, and/or a material selected from the group mainly, but not exclusively, cotton, viscose, etc. and/or by a mixture of the above means and the specified composition, and where the edges (69, 91) of the free hole

(89) is fastened in any satisfactory manner to fix the edge of the tape and give a conical shape to this end of the roll (91), and wherein the means (87) which is a cylinder with conical ends and has preferably, but not exclusively, the following dimensions: length about 5 mm-50 mm, diameter about 7 mm-20 mm, diameter of the inner cavity about 5-10 mm. For ease of removal from the wound, such a tool (87) may additionally contain an applicator (180) in the form of a thread or tape.

Intended for tamponade of narrow openings of gunshot wounds, as well as for intravaginal and perrectal use.

CORRUGATED BAG FOR SYRINGE. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (92), is presented in fig. 7. This means is a bag (93) made of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, in particular a napkin (16), and where the two edges of said means are connected to each other in a cylindrical shape in any satisfactory way. On one side of the base of the formed cylinder, its edges are joined (94) in any satisfactory manner and form a cone-shaped or rounded bottom. The walls of the formed cylinder are corrugated mainly along and across its longitudinal axis (95). On the other side of the cylinder, a rubber waterproof ring (96) is attached around the entire perimeter of its base, which under certain conditions can close the bag (93) as a diaphragm.

SYRINGE WITH CORRUGATED BAG. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (97), is presented in fig. 7. The tool (97) consists of "tool 26" (92) and a special device - an introducer in the form of a syringe (98), which is filled with a composition of hemostatic agents (b) in the form of a gel (99) and/or suspension (99), and /or pastes (99) and/or combinations of the above (99). On the one hand, the syringe (98) is closed with a plug (100), which tightly closes the special opening (102) and keeps hemostatic agents (6, 99) inside the syringe (98), but can be quickly removed by pressing the stem (101) piston (104). The piston (104) has a cone-like shape, which corresponds to the conical shape of the inner surface of the walls of the syringe (98) at the exit from it, and provides quantitative squeezing of the composition of hemostatic agents (6, 99) through a special hole (102).

On the free side of the syringe (98), a means (92) is installed, which is made in the form of an empty one

From the bag (93), and the ring (96) which, when pressed on the rod (101) of the piston (104), moves freely along the outer surface of the syringe (98) and which, after shifting from the outer surface of the syringe (98), closes filled with a composition of hemostatic agents (b ) in the form of a gel (99) and/or a suspension (99), and/or a paste (99) and/or a combination of the aforementioned (99) pouches (93) as a diaphragm (not shown) and remains outside the wound. The bag is closed from the outside with a cap (103) to prevent its deformation during packing and storage. To apply the agent (97) to a bleeding wound, it is necessary to remove the agent from the sealed package, remove the cap (103), press or bring the opposite end of the piston (94) to the wound, gradually introduce it to the optimal depth into the wound opening, and press the piston (101) to the stop, as a result of which the composition of hemostatic agents (6, 99) is squeezed out of the syringe (98) and fills the bag (93) directly in the wound, due to which the bag (93) of the agent (97) is located in the wound and fully conforms to its shape and size.

SYRINGE (i4GSZ3 (DRY) COMPRESSED TAMPONS). The following implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent -

Device (105), presented in fig. 8. The tool (105) consists of the tool (92) and the introducer device in the form of a syringe (98), which is filled with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic tool (107). Said means (107) is selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26), a corrugated bandage (21) and/or a "two-dimensional" "carrier" (10), and any - in a satisfactory manner provided with a certain geometric shape (110) and/or a composition of hemostatic agents (b) in the form of a paste, or a dried suspension, and their combinations (111), and/or individual hemostatic agents and/or a mixture of the above means, "carrier ", hemostatic agents and compositions (112), and/or made (113) of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, preferably tampons ((55) cylinder), sponges ((114) disc), balls (115)), which at least one axes form a three-dimensional figure, which in the cross-section along this axis is a circle (cylinders, disks, spheres), and which are maximally compressed along this axis and/or in the direction perpendicular to it, which ensures the minimization of their volume in comparison with their volume compressible, and/or a mixture of the above means and the specified composition (117).

The above components, which are located in the cavity of the syringe in any sequence and in any way, when compressed along the axis (116), along which the piston moves, form an additional hemostatic agent (118), which is tightly compressed in the cavity of the syringe , due to which it has a cylindrical shape that is convenient for getting into the wound. On one side, a syringe (98)

closed with a plug (109) that keeps the hemostatic agent (118) inside the syringe (98), but can be quickly removed through a special hole (108), which in shape and size corresponds to the diameter of the edge (119) of this compressed agent (118) and where the piston (106) has a cylindrical shape, which ensures the convenience and completeness of squeezing said means (118) when acting on one of the sides (120) of which piston (106) when pressing on the rod (101). On the outer surface of the syringe (98) from the side of the free hole (108), a means (92) is stretched, which is made in the form of an empty bag (93), the folds (121) of which are oriented from the edge (108) of the syringe (98), and the ring of which ( 96) moves freely along the outer surface of the syringe (98) and remains outside the wound. The bag is closed from the outside with a cap (103). To apply the agent (105) to a bleeding wound, it is necessary to remove the agent from the sealed package (not shown), remove the cap (103), press the opposite end of the piston to the wound, and press the rod (101) of the piston (106) to stop, as a result of which the piston (106) presses on the edge (120) of the tool (118), which presses on the bottom of the bag (93), moving it along with it deep into the wound and fills the bag (93) directly in the wound, thanks to which the tool (105) is located in the wound and fully corresponds to its shape and size. At the same time, as a result of this, the ring (96) slides on the outer surface of the syringe (98) and after the movement of the syringe (98) in the opposite direction, the ring leaves the edge (108) of the syringe and the diaphragm (not shown) automatically activates to close the opening of the bag . The ring additionally serves as an applicator for easy removal of the agent (105) from the wound.

SYRINGES (DRY, CONTAINED, COMPRESSED TAMPONS). The following implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent -

Device (122), shown in fig. 9. The tool (122) consists of a "three-dimensional" hemostatic agent (133) and a device - an introducer in the form of a syringe (98), which is filled with a "three-dimensional" hemostatic agent (133). Said device (133) is made of at least two identical or different hemostatic agents, selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting mainly of tampons, sponges, made preferably of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, which form a three-dimensional figure along at least one axis , which in cross-section along this axis (116) is a circle, in particular cylinders (55), disks (114), spheres (115), and/or similar three-dimensional means, and which are maximally compressed along (131) this axis of the talabo in direction perpendicular to it (132), and the dimensions of which after compression are smaller than

From the dimensions to be compressed in at least one of the directions, in particular, parallel (134) and/or perpendicular (135), to the axis (116) along which the piston moves, which ensures the minimization of their volume in comparison with their volume before compression, and, as one of the possible options, additionally includes appropriately shaped fragments of "two-dimensional" hemostatic means selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26), a film (28), and where the indicated "three-dimensional" means and/or fragments (129), (130), (123), "two-dimensional" means (16), (28) and/or "carrier" (10) are preferably in the form of a circle, additionally with connected (fastened) to each other preferably in the geometric center (128) of the above-mentioned circle (not shown) in any sequence and in any arbitrary way, preferably, but not exclusively, stitched, preferably with thread, tape (125), with the preservation a certain equal or different distance between them.

The above-mentioned interconnected and tightly compressed components located in the cavity of the syringe form a cylindrical hemostatic agent (133), which has a cylindrical shape convenient for entering the wound, and one end (127) of the outermost thread or tape (126) is fixed to washer (124), which is attached to the end (not shown) of the piston (106) of the syringe (98), and which is separated from the piston during the return stroke of the piston (106) of the syringe (98), remains above the wound and serves as an applicator that provides convenience of removing the agent from the wound. For the convenience and completeness of squeezing the above-mentioned hemostatic agent (133) of a cylindrical shape into the wound, the size and shape of the opening of the edge (108) of the syringe (98) correspond to the diameter of this compressed agent (133), and the piston (106) has a cylindrical shape.

To apply the agent (122) to a bleeding wound, it is necessary to remove the agent from the sealed package (not shown), remove the protective cap (103), press the end opposite from the piston to the wound, and press the piston rod (101) to the stop. as a result of which the piston (106) presses against the edge of the means (122) and squeezes the means deep into the wound, due to which the means (122) is located in the wound and fully conforms to its shape and size. At the same time, during the return stroke of the piston (106), the washer (124) is detached from it and remains above the wound as a convenient applicator for removing the agent (122) from the wound. When it gets into the wound and comes into contact with blood, the agent (122) increases in volume in all directions, which contributes to effective tamponade of the wound opening.

SYRINGE (bevelled) --C3 (DRY, SNAPPED, COMPRESSED TAMPONS). The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of 60 hemostatic means - Means (137), is presented in fig. 9. The tool (137) consists of

"three-dimensional" hemostatic agent (133) and an introducer device in the form of a syringe (98), which is filled with "three-dimensional" hemostatic agent (133). Said device (133) is made of at least two identical or different hemostatic agents, selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting mainly of tampons, sponges, made preferably of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, which form a three-dimensional figure along at least one axis , which in cross-section along this axis (116) is a circle, in particular cylinders (55), discs (114), spheres (116), and/or similar three-dimensional means, and which are maximally compressed along this (131) axis and/ or in a direction perpendicular to it (132), and the dimensions of which after compression are smaller than the dimensions before compression in at least one of the directions, in particular, parallel (134) and/or perpendicular (135) to the axis (116) along which the piston moves, which ensures the minimization of their volume compared to their pre-compression volume, and, as one of the possible options, additionally includes appropriately shaped fragments of "two-dimensional" hemostatic agents selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of from napkin (16), bandage (26), film (28), and where "three-dimensional" means and/or fragments (129), (130), (123), "two-dimensional" means (16), (28) are indicated and/or "carrier" (10) preferably in the form of a circle, additionally connected (fastened) to each other preferably in the geometric center (128) of the above-mentioned circle (not shown) in any sequence and in any arbitrary way, preferably , but not exclusively, stitched, preferably with a thread, tape (125), maintaining a certain equal or different distance between them.

The above-mentioned interconnected and tightly compressed components located in the cavity of the syringe form a cylindrical hemostatic agent (133), which has a cylindrical shape convenient for entering the wound, and one end (127) of the outermost thread or tape (126) is fixed to washer (124), which is attached to the end (not shown) of the piston (106) of the syringe (98), and which is separated from the piston during the return stroke of the piston (106) of the syringe (98), remains above the wound and serves as an applicator that provides convenience of removing the agent from the wound. Said syringe has any satisfactory shape, preferably, but not exclusively, a cylinder. In contrast to the hemostatic agent (133), the indicated hemostatic agent (137), which as one of the possible options is shown in fig. 10, has a chamfered end, and as shown in a cross-section of the means along the axis (138), which is shown by a dotted line, its upper edge (140) is longer than the lower edge (141), and its opening (139) is closed by a stopper (142), form and

The dimensions of which satisfactorily correspond to the dimensions and shape of the hole (139) and which is closed with a cap (103) or a cap (143). This beveled shape of the syringe of the Means (137) additionally ensures the convenience of its fixation in the wound and its introduction into the wound and, accordingly, provides the possibility of operative introduction of the hemostatic agent (133) into the wound opening. For the convenience and completeness of squeezing the above-mentioned hemostatic agent (133) of a cylindrical shape into the wound, the dimensions and shape of the opening (139) of the edge of the syringe (98) correspond to the diameter of this pressed agent (133), the piston (106) has a corresponding cylindrical shape.

To apply the Agent (137) to a bleeding wound, it is necessary to remove the agent from the sealed package (not shown), remove the protective cap (103) (or (143)), use the sharp edge of the beveled end (141) to slightly deepen it into the wound and press on the rod (101) of the piston to the stop, as a result of which the piston (106) presses on the edge of the tool (133) and squeezes the tool deep into the wound, due to which the Tool (133) is located in the wound and fully conforms to its shape and size. When it enters the wound and comes into contact with blood, the agent (133) increases in volume in all directions, which contributes to effective tamponade of the wound opening.

THE BALLS ARE CONNECTED. For tamponing deep wound openings, a tool (144) (Fig. 10) can also be used, which is a tampon in the form of interconnected balls (115) of a hemostatic agent with a diameter preferably, but not exclusively, from 10 mm to 20 mm, preferably, but not exclusively, of the same diameter, preferably, but not exclusively, 10 mm using thread and/or tape (125) with a length of, preferably, but not exclusively, 10 mm to 50 mm at a distance of preferably, but not exclusively, approx. 1-5 mm. The thread and/or tape (125) connecting them is made of any satisfactory material. The beads can be obtained from a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, in particular, a napkin (16), a film (28), a bandage (21), (26) and/or fragments thereof, in any satisfactory manner or from a "two-dimensional" container, in particular fragments of textiles - woven and/or non-woven, and/or fibrous materials, in particular, cotton, viscose, wool, etc., formed in the form of balls (115) by any available method, with the subsequent connection of fragments of the specified means in the form beads (115) one after the other with thread and/or tape in any satisfactory manner. The shape and size of the beads (115) ensure their optimal positioning in the wound opening. The beads may also be further compressed (54). Using thread and/or ribbons (125) that connect the beads (115), or by using the end (127) of the outermost (126) string or ribbon, the spent tampon 60 can be withdrawn from the middle of the wound opening. The beads can also be further compressed with at least two sides at least in one of the directions - trans up to parallel (134) and/or perpendicular (135) to the axis (146) (fig. 10), along which balls connected by threads and/or ribbons are located. When compressed, the balls occupy a smaller volume, and upon contact with blood in the wound, their volume increases significantly, they expand, and this contributes to more effective tamponade of the wound.

To apply the agent (144) to a bleeding wound, it must be removed from the sealed package (not shown) and placed over and/or inside the wound by gradually inserting the interconnected beads (115) one by one. /or string (126) connecting said balls and/or end (127) of the outer string or tape remains outside the wound opening and serves to remove the tampon from the wound. The flexibility of the material of the balls allows the device (144) to take and maintain the shape of the wound The device (144) is intended for tamponade of deep wound surfaces preferably, but not exclusively, with a narrow entrance hole.

BALLS CONNECTED"-WASHER. For more convenient removal of the tampon from the wound, the means (145) shown in fig. 10, and which differs from means 144) in that it additionally has an applicator (124), which is preferably, but not exclusively, a rubber washer (124) that is attached to the free end (127) of a thread or tape (126). The use of means (145) is similar to the use of means (144). When removing the tampon from the wound, pull the washer (124).

SYRINGES CONNECTED-WASHER. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (147), is presented in fig. 10. The device (147) consists of a densely packed device (145) located inside a syringe-like introducer device (98) that is shaped like a truncated cylinder (139). This form contributes to an easier directional introduction of the agent into the opening of the wound channel. The specified part of the syringe (139) is closed with a cap (143), the shape and size of which correspond to the shape and size of the beveled edge (139).

Balls (115) of agent (145) are tightly packed (148) in a cylindrical syringe (98) and firmly connected to the piston (106) by means of a thread (126), which is attached at its end (127) to a rubber washer (124) ), which is fixed on the inner side of the piston (106). Rubber washer (124), capable

It is easy to detach from the piston (106) during the reverse stroke of the latter.

To apply the agent (147) to a bleeding wound, it is necessary to remove it from the sealed package, remove the protective cap (143), remove the plug (139) and press the end (141) of the agent to the wound opening, insert it to the optimal depth and press on rod (101) of the piston (106) and then remove the syringe from the wound in such a way that the washer (124) detaches from the piston (106) and remains outside the wound. Particles and molecules of the composition of hemostatic agents (b), located in the balls (148), are in contact with the wound tissue and/or with blood, the liquid phase of which is adsorbed on the surface and in the volume of the balls, which contributes to blood clotting. At the same time, the compressed balls increase in size, which helps tamponade the wound.

PLASTER. In fig. 2 presents one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent-an agent (17), consisting of an agent (16), which is attached to an elastic polymer, and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or non-woven base (18) preferably, but not exclusively, rectangular in shape, and where part of the surface of said elastic base (18) is covered on at least one side with a thin sticky layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin.

The device (17) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covering the patient's skin surface) around the wound.

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the skin.

PLASTER. The following implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (166) is presented in Fig. 2, consisting of Means (83), and which is made in the form of a pocket (73), which is a container of a preferably square or rectangular shape, which is made in an arbitrary way from at least one layer, preferably, but not exclusively, from 4-8 layers, of a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent such as a bandage (16) or a napkin (26), and where two walls (74, 75) containers are connected (fixed) on four sides (76), (84), along the entire perimeter in any way, or in which, through a free hole (77), the cavity (79) is pre-filled with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic means - a napkin (16), a corrugated bandage (21), a bandage (26), a tampon (82), or a composition of hemostatic agents (6) and their combinations, and where from four sides (76), (84), including an opening ( 77), along the entire perimeter because the two walls (74, 75) of the container are connected (fixed) in any way, and where the means (83) "CUSHION KA"

attached to an elastic polymer, and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or non-woven base (18) preferably, but not exclusively, rectangular in shape, and where part of the surface of said elastic base (18) is covered on at least one side with a thin adhesive layer pressure-sensitive adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin.

The device (166) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covering the patient's skin surface) around the wound.

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the skin. The presence of the Agent (83) in the Agent (166) provides increased sorption capacity of the agent (166) and, accordingly, its hemostatic effect.

PLASTER. The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (167) is presented in Fig. 2, consisting of Means (55), which has mainly the shape of a cylinder (51) or a disc ( 200) (not shown) and consists mainly, but not exclusively, of 4-8 layers (57) of fragments of the "two-dimensional" hemostatic "means 2" (16), which are fastened (fixed) together in any way around the entire perimeter ( 56) and/or stitched in the middle (56), and wherein the means (55), "DISC", is attached to a resilient polymer, and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or nonwoven base (18) preferably, but not exclusively , rectangular in shape, and where part of the surface of said elastic base (18) is covered on at least one side with a thin sticky layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin.

The tool (167) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covering the patient's skin surface) around the wound.

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the skin. The presence of the Agent (55) in the agent (167) provides increased sorption capacity of the agent (167) and, accordingly, its hemostatic effect. The hemostatic agent is pressed against the surface of the wound. Used for tamponade and closure of superficial bleeding wounds.

The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (168) is presented in Fig. 2, which

The device consists of the Tool (72) shown in Fig. b, and which is made in the form of a pocket (73), which is a container of preferably square or rectangular shape, which is made in an arbitrary way from at least one layer, preferably, but not exclusively, from 4-8 layers, of a "two-dimensional" bandage-type hemostatic agent (26) or napkin (16), and where the two walls (74, 75) of the container are connected (fixed) on three sides (76) around the entire perimeter in any way, and on the fourth side it has a free opening (77) and as can be seen from its dissection along the dashed line (78), it has a cavity (79) in the middle, in which, through a free opening (77), the internal cavity (79) is additionally filled in any arbitrary way with a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent, chosen preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of a napkin (16), a bandage (26), including a corrugated one, and/or fragments of the said means, which in any satisfactory way have been given a certain geometric shape, and/or a composition of hemostatic agents in the form of paste, or dried suspension, film or sponge (not shown ano), which are made, for example, from calcium alginate, and their combinations, and/or mixtures of the above means and compositions, and where

The means (72) is attached to an elastic polymer, and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or non-woven base (18) preferably, but not exclusively, rectangular in shape, and where part of the surface of said elastic base (18) is on at least one side covered with a thin sticky layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin.

The device (168) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covering the patient's skin surface) around the wound.

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the patient's skin. The presence of the Agent (72) in the agent (168) ensures increased sorption capacity of the agent (168) and, accordingly, its hemostatic effect. The hemostatic agent is pressed against the surface of the wound. Used for tamponade and closure of superficial bleeding wounds.

PLASTER ("POCKET" TAMPON - CORRUGATED BANDAGE). The following implementation of the invention provides that such a "means" which, as one of the possible variants of a hemostatic agent -

The tool (169) is presented in fig. 2, which consists of the Tool (81) shown in fig. b, and which is made in the form of a pocket (73), which is a container of preferably square or rectangular shape, which is made in an arbitrary way from at least one layer, preferably, but not exclusively, from 4-8 layers, of a "two-dimensional" bandage-type hemostatic agent (26) or a napkin (16), and where the two walls (74, 75) of the container are connected (fixed) on three sides (76) around the entire perimeter in any way, and on the fourth side it has a free opening (77 ) and as can be seen from its dissection along the dashed line (78), it has a cavity (79) in the middle, in which a "two-dimensional" hemostatic agent - a corrugated bandage (21), one end of which is fixed inside - is inserted into the cavity through a free hole (77) pocket to its bottom, and the other peeks out, which provides the possibility of using said bandage as an additional hemostatic agent, and where the Device (81) is attached to an elastic polymer, and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or non-woven base (18) preferably, but not exclusively, rectangular in shape, and where part of the surfaces and the specified elastic base (18) is covered on at least one side with a thin sticky layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin.

The device (169) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covering the patient's skin surface) around the wound.

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the patient's skin. The presence of the Agent (81) in the agent (169) provides additional opportunities for wound tamponade, as well as increased sorption capacity of the agent (169) and, accordingly, its hemostatic effect. The hemostatic agent is pressed against the surface of the wound. Used for tamponade and closure of superficial bleeding wounds.

TUB. As one of the possible variants of the hemostatic agent in fig. 11 shows the Tool (158) which is a vessel (tube) (159), a container, most of which consists of a waterproof shell, and which contains the composition (b) of hemostatic agents, which is a gel, foam, paste, suspension, and which, as one of the possible variants of the foam, is given in the example

Mo 27, or as one of the possible variants of the gel is given in the example of Me10, or as one of the possible variants of the suspension is given in the example of Mo 12, or as one of the possible variants of the paste is given in the example of Mo 6.

The next implementation of the invention provides that such a "means", which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic means - Means (151), in which part of the container has a waterproof shell, is presented in fig. 11 consists of a cylinder (152), a valve (153), a sprayer (154) and a cap (155) that protects the sprayer.

FOAM CAN. The following implementation of the invention provides that such a "means",

From which, as one of the possible variants of hemostatic agent - Tool (156), presented in fig. 11 consists of a cylinder (152), a valve (153), a sprayer (154) and a cap (155) that protects the sprayer. In the balloon (152) there is a hemostatic composition, which is given as one of the possible options in example Me27. When the valve (153) of the sprayer (154) is pressed, this composition due to the presence in it of the moisture-retaining hemostatic agent carboxymethylcellulose, which is a foaming agent, and an additional foaming agent (157), which is an organic hemostatic agent polyvinyl acetate, which is part of the specified hemostatic composition, comes out through the hole (162) in the form of foam. To apply the Agent (156) to a bleeding wound, remove the cap (155), direct the opening of the sprayer (154) to the damaged tissue or wound, press the valve (153) and apply the required amount of hemostatic agent to the wound.

PLASTER. In fig. 2 presents one of the possible variants of hemostatic agent - "agent 3" (17), consisting of "agent 2" (16), which is attached to an elastic polymer, and/or plastic, and/or woven, and/or non-woven base ( 18) preferably, but not exclusively, rectangular in shape, and where part of the surface of said elastic base (18) is covered on at least one side with a thin sticky layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive (19), which ensures its adhesion to the patient's skin. "Measure 3" (17) is placed on the patient's wound in such a way that the hemostatic material (16) is in direct contact with the damaged skin surface (wound), and the adhesive surface (19) of the elastic base (18) is fixed (covers the patient's skin surface) around the wound .

The elastic base (18) includes holes (20) that ensure evaporation of moisture from the surface of the skin.

STERILITY. The following implementation of the invention provides that such a "tool", which, as one of the possible variants of the hemostatic tool - "Tool 40" (162), consists of any of the tools 1-39, placed in a sealed sterile package, the shape of which corresponds to "means". Before using any of the previous "means", you should open the package and take out the "means".

The essence of the group of inventions is also explained by concrete examples of obtaining a hemostatic agent.

Example 1

Generalized quantitative composition of the composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - from 0.001 to 30 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - from 0.001 to 50 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - from 0.001 to 50 95, organic hemostatic agent - from 0.001 to 50 905, and which is a solution or suspension, or foam, or paste, or gel, or powder, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents.

Example 2

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 30 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 35 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - 34.999 95, organic hemostatic agent - 0.001 9b, and which is a powder, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 Vol.

Example C

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 0.001 Ob, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 50 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - 24,999 95, organic hemostatic agent - 25 95, and

Which is a powder, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding, dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 vol.

Example 4

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 29.999 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 0.001 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - 42 95, organic hemostatic agent - 28 95, and which is a gel, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 Vol.

Example 5

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 10 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 31 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - 0.001 95, organic hemostatic agent - 44.999 95, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 86 95, and everything else (14 9b) - water .

Example 6

A composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 21 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 33 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - 25 95, 60 organic hemostatic agent - 21 95, and which is a paste, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 Vol.

Example 7

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 4 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 48 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - 28 95, organic hemostatic agent - 20 95, and which is a foam, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 Vol.

Example 8

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 3.5 9o, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 32 95, an inorganic hemostatic agent - 21 95, an organic hemostatic agent - 22 95, and which is a solution, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 78.5 95, and everything else (11 .5 U) - water.

Example 9

Composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that these agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (cellulose aldoxide) - 2 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 11 95,

Of inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium chloride) - 21.49 95, organic hemostatic agent (collagen) - 0.1 90, and which is a solution, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 35 9b, and everything else (65 95) - water (65 kg).

Example 10

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (sodium alginate) - 0.1 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 0.1 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (titanium oxide) - 20 95, organic hemostatic agent (vitamin K) - 0.001 905, and which is a gel in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, of inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 20,201 95, and everything else (79,799 Fo) - water (79,799 kg).

Example 11

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 30 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 11 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - 50 95, organic hemostatic agent - 9 95, and which is a powder, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 100 Vol.

Example 12

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: for the moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - 0.001 Fo,

A binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - 20 95, an inorganic hemostatic agent - 10 95, an organic hemostatic agent - 15 95, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 45 , 001 95, and the rest - water.

Example 13

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains glycerin (10 g), as a binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent it contains chitosan (17 g), as an organic hemostatic agent it contains gallic acid (21 g), as an inorganic hemostatic agent contains bentonite (28 g), which is made in the form of a suspension using 24 g of water.

Example 14

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains carboxymethyl cellulose (20 g), as a binding powder-precipitating hemostatic agent it contains sodium alginate (0.001 g), as an organic hemostatic agent it contains gelatin (5 g), as an inorganic hemostatic agent contains calcium orthophosphate (21 g), which is made in the form of a suspension using 43.999 g of water.

Example 15

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains chitosan (5 g), as a binding powder-precipitating hemostatic agent it contains the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (3 g), as an organic hemostatic agent it contains tannin (7 g), as an inorganic hemostatic agent the agent contains calcium glycerophosphate (0.001 g), which was prepared in the form of a solution using 84.999 g of water.

Example 16

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that it contains chitosan (30 g) as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent, calcium alginate (50 g) as a binding, dust-suppressing hemostatic agent, quercetin (0.001 g) as an organic hemostatic agent, and as an inorganic hemostatic agent contains kaolin (19.999 g), which was produced in

In the form of powder.

Example 17

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains glycerin (5 g), as a binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent it contains chitosan (30.5 g), as an inorganic hemostatic agent it contains bentonite (21 g), as an organic hemostatic agent the agent contains gallic acid (20.5 g), which is made into a paste using 23 g of water.

Example 18

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains carboxymethyl cellulose (0.009 g), as a binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent it contains sodium alginate (0.001 g), as an inorganic hemostatic agent it contains calcium orthophosphate (31 g), as an organic hemostatic the agent contains gelatin (11 g), which is made in the form of a suspension using 57.09 g of water.

Example 19

The composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains chitosan (5 kg), as a binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent it contains glycerin (31 kg), as an inorganic hemostatic agent it contains calcium glycerophosphate (0.009 kg), as an organic hemostatic agent contains calcium alginate (21 kg), which is made in the form of a solution using 42.991 kg of water.

Example 20

Composition of hemostatic agents, which is characterized by the fact that it contains chitosan (28 g) as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent, carboxymethyl cellulose (50 g) as a binding, dust-repelling hemostatic agent, kaolin (21.999 g) as an inorganic hemostatic agent, and quercetin as an organic hemostatic agent (0.001 g), which is made in the form of a powder.

Example 21

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (polyacrylic acid) - Z Fo, because binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - ZO 95,

inorganic hemostatic agent (bentonite) - 20 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 20 905, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 73 9b, and everything else (27 Ov) - water (37 g).

Example 22

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (oxidized cellulose) - 2.1 9o, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (PVA) - 0.01 Ob, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium phosphate) - 19 Ob, organic hemostatic agent (gelatin) - 0.09 90, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 21.2 95, and everything else (78.8 95) - water (78.8 g).

Example 23

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (sodium alginate) - 0.02 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - ZO 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (barium titanate) - 17 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinylpyrrolidone) - 20 90, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and of organic hemostatic agents is 67.02 95, and everything else (32.98 Fo) is water (32.98 g).

Example 24

A composition of hemostatic agents, which contains a moisture-retaining, binding agent

With dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that these agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (modified starch) - 2.9 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 29.01 95 , inorganic hemostatic agent (kaolin) - 0.09 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 19 905, and which is a gel, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 51 9b, and everything else (49 9) - water (49 g).

Example 25

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (guar gum) - 2.1 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (polyethylene glycol) - 15 bo, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium glycerophosphate) - 10 95, organic hemostatic agent (gallic acid) - 11.9 905, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant , inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 39 9b, and everything else (61 9) is water (61 g).

Example 26

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (iron polyacrylate) - 0.04 9o, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (pectin) - 0.06 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - (barium sulfate) 19 9, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 18.9 9b, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 28 95, and everything else (72 9) - water (72 g).

Example 27

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (carboxymethyl cellulose) - 2.5 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 28.4 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (silicon oxide) - 0.02 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinyl acetate) - 0.08 90, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of humectant, caustic dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 31 95, and everything else (69 9) - water (69 g).

Example 28

A composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (gum arabic) - 0.01 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 15.49 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (zeolite) - 15 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 18.5 90, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant , inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 49 9b, and everything else (51 9) is water (51 g).

Example 29

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (agar) - C 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent ( polyvinyl alcohol) - 12.59 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium tripolyphosphate) - 14.4 9o,

Organic hemostatic agent (hyaluronic acid) - 0.01 90, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding, dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 30 9b, and everything else (70 Us) is water (70 g).

Example 30

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (gelatin) - 2 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent ( glycerin) - 20 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (aluminum oxide) - 12 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinylpyrrolidone) - 20 90, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 54 9b, and everything else (46 9) is water (46 g).

Example 31

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (methyl ether of polyacrylic acid) - 1.2 bo, zv' binding dust suppressant hemostatic agent (carboxyethyl cellulose) - 0.1 Ob, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium hydroxide) - 11 Ob, organic hemostatic agent (chitosan) - 0.7 Ob, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of humectant, 13 9b of the active dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and all the rest (87 Us) - water (87 g).

Example 32

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: because moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (dextrin) - 0.2 Ob,

binding dust suppressant hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 20 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (sodium and potassium silicate) - 10.8 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinylpyrrolidone) - 20 90, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining , binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 51 9, and everything else (49 9) is water (49 g).

Example 33

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (polyvinyl acetate) - 1.9 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 19.1 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (aluminum oxide) - 0.5 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 18.5 90, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of humectant, caustic dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 30 95, and everything else (70 Us) - water (70 g).

Example 34

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (tare gum) - 1.7 9o, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 20 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (bentonite) - 10 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinyl alcohol) - 13.3 90, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, of inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 45 9b, and everything else (65 9) is water (65 g).

Example 35

Composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that these agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (pectin) - 0.4. Ob, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (polyethylene glycol) - 0.6 Fo, inorganic hemostatic agent (zeolite) - 18 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 17 95, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 36 95, and everything else (64 9) is water (64 g).

Example 36

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (cyclodextrin) - 1.6 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 19 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (oxidized carbon) - 0.4 95, organic hemostatic agent (sodium polyacrylate) - 1 Ob, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, of inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 22 9b, and everything else (78 9) is water (78 g).

Example 37

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (carrageenan) - 0.1 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (polyvinyl alcohol) - 12 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (zirconium oxide) - 13 95, organic hemostatic agent (tannin) - 16.9 9b, and which is a suspension, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, of inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 42 9b, and everything else (58 9bs) is water (58 g).

Example 38

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (calcium alginate) - 2 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 11 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (titanium oxide) - 14.9 95, organic hemostatic agent (collagen) - 0.1 90, and which is a solution, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, of inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 28 9b, and everything else (72.9 Fo) is water (72.9 g).

Example 39

The composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that the specified agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (polyethylene glycol) - 1.1 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 11 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (calcium chloride) - 14.9 95, organic hemostatic agent (ascorbic acid) -0.1 95, and which is a solution, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 27.1 95, and everything else (72.9 9Uo) - water (72.9 g).

Example 40

A composition of hemostatic agents, which contains moisture-retaining, binding dust suppressant, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, and which is characterized by the fact that said agents are contained in the following ratio of components:

Moisture-retaining hemostatic agent (carboxymethylcellulose) - 2 95, binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent (glycerin) - 18.4 95, inorganic hemostatic agent (silicon oxide) - 0.02 95, organic hemostatic agent (polyvinyl acetate) - 1.58 905 , and which is a foam in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding dust-suppressing, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents is 22 9b, and everything else (78 9) is water (78 g).

Example 41. Suspension

A measure of tannin (18.5 g) is dissolved in 10 g of water and 19.1 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of aluminum oxide (0.5 g) is added to this solution and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring and "Solution 2" is obtained. Next, a measure of polyvinyl acetate (1.9 g) is poured into a container with 50 g of water and mixed with heating until the PVA is completely dissolved and a suspension of "Solution 3" is obtained... Then "Solution 2" is added to "Solution 3" while stirring until a homogeneous suspension ("Solution 4"). The carrier sample is impregnated in "Solution 4" by immersing the carrier in the specified solution and actively impregnating the carrier until the entire surface of the carrier is completely wet. After that, the obtained material (impregnated carrier) is removed from the "Solution 4" solution, the excess amount of solution is squeezed out and dried to the required humidity.

Example 42. Suspension

A measure of tannin (5 g) is dissolved in 30 g of water and 10 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a portion of zeolite (1 g) is added to this solution and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring to obtain a zeolite suspension "Solution 2". A measure of polyvinylpyrrolidone (2 g) is poured into a container with 52 g of water and mixed with heating until complete dissolution of polyvinylpyrrolidone and "Solution 3" is obtained. Next, a suspension of zeolite with tannin is added to "Solution 3" while stirring to form a homogeneous suspension ("Solution 4"). Suspension "Solution 4" is applied to the surface of the carrier by spraying until the entire surface of the carrier is fully and uniformly wetted. After that, the sample is dried to the required humidity.

Example 43. Suspension

A portion of gallic acid (10 g) is dissolved in 30 g of water and 15 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. A measure of bentonite (10 g) is added to "Solution 1" and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring, and "Solution 2" is obtained. Next, a measure of sodium alginate (3 bo g) is introduced into a container with 32 g of water and mixed with heating until complete dissolution and obtained

"Solution 3"... Next, "Solution 2" is added to "Solution 3" while stirring to form a homogeneous suspension ("Solution 4"). Next, the suspension ("Solution 4") is impregnated into the carrier by using a slotted extrusion head (5101-die soayipud rgose55), squeezed with rollers and the resulting material is dried to the required humidity.

Example 44 Suspension

A measure of tannin (18.5 g) is dissolved in 10 g of water and 19.1 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of aluminum oxide (0.5 g) is added to "Solution 1" and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring, and "Solution 2" is obtained. A measure of polyvinyl acetate (1.9 g) is added to a container with 50 g of water and mixed with heating until the PVA is completely dissolved and "Solution 3" is obtained. Next, "Solution 2" is added to the "Solution 3" solution while stirring to obtain a homogeneous suspension ("Solution 4"). The obtained suspension ("Solution 4") is applied to the carrier by smearing (using a roller, brush, etc.) until the entire surface of the carrier is completely and uniformly wetted. After that, the obtained material is squeezed and dried to the required humidity.

Example 45. Solution

A measure of tannin (18.5 g) is dissolved in 10 g of water and 19.1 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of calcium chloride (0.5 g) is added to "Solution 1" and dissolved in an ultrasonic bath while stirring, and "Solution 2" is obtained. Next, a measure of polyvinyl acetate (1.9 g) is added to a container with 50 g of water and mixed with heating until complete dissolution of PVA and "Solution 3" is obtained. Next, "Solution 2" is added to "Solution 3" with stirring and "Solution 4" is obtained. Next, the carrier is impregnated in "Solution 4" by immersing the carrier in the specified solution until the entire surface of the carrier is completely wet. After that, the impregnated material is removed from the solution, the excess amount of solution is squeezed out and dried to the required humidity.

Example 46. Solution

A measure of tannin (5 g) is dissolved in 30 g of water and 10 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of calcium chloride (1 g) is added to "Solution 1" and dissolved with stirring to obtain "Solution 2". Then a measure of polyvinylpyrrolidone (2 g) is introduced into a container with 52 g of water and mixed with heating until complete dissolution of polyvinylpyrrolidone and obtain

From "Solution 3". Then "Solution 2" is added to "Solution 3" with stirring and "Solution 4" is obtained. "Solution 4" is applied to the surface of the carrier by spraying until the entire surface of the carrier is fully and uniformly wetted, after which the sample is dried to the required humidity.

Example 47. Solution

A portion of gallic acid (10 g) is dissolved in 30 g of water and 15 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. A measure of bentonite (10 g) is added to "Solution 1" and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring, and "Solution 2" is obtained. Next, a measure of sodium alginate (3 g) is added to a container with 32 g of water and mixed with heating until complete dissolution and "Solution 3" is obtained... Then "Solution 2" is added to "Solution 3" while stirring until a homogeneous suspension is formed (" Solution 4"). Next, the suspension ("Solution 4") is impregnated into the carrier by using a slotted extrusion head (510-die soaiipd rgose55), squeezed with rollers and the resulting material is dried to the required humidity.

Example 48. Gel 5ioi-aie

A measure of tannin (20 g) is dissolved in 20 g of water and 4 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of titanium dioxide (10 g) is added to "Solution 1" and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring, and a suspension of titanium dioxide "Solution 2" is obtained.

The carrier sample is immersed in the suspension and actively soaked until the entire surface of the carrier is completely wet.

After that, the material is removed, the excess amount of "Solution 2" is squeezed out. Next, a measure of guar gum (3 g) is added to a container with 43 g of water and mixed with heating until the gum is completely dissolved and "Solution 3" is obtained. After that, "Solution 3") is applied to the sample (pre-dried or not dried) by using a slotted extrusion head (51 Іои- дие соайипд ргосе 55), squeezed with rollers and the resulting material is dried to the required humidity.

Example 49. Foam Spray

A portion of ellagic acid (10 g) is dissolved in 20 g of water and 5 g of glycerol under heating and "Solution 1" is obtained. Then, a measure of kaolin (5 g) is added to "Solution 1" and suspended in an ultrasonic bath while stirring to obtain a "Solution 2" suspension. The carrier sample is immersed in the suspension ("Solution 2") and actively soaked until the entire surface of the carrier is completely wet. After that, the material is removed, the excess amount of "Solution 2" is squeezed out. Next, a measured amount of chitosan (1 g) is added to a container with 54 g of water and 5 g of acetic acid (99.8 95) and mixed with heating until the chitosan is completely dissolved and "Solution 3" is obtained. After that, on the impregnated sample (pre-dried or not dried), "Solution 3" is applied in the form of foam by spraying, the excess amount of "Solution 3" is squeezed out with the help of rollers and dried to the required humidity.

Sources of information: 1. Barkagan 3.S. Systems research! hemostasis in the clinic. - Barnaul, 1975. 2. Barkagan 3.S., Momot A.P. Diagnosis and controlled therapy of impaired hemostasis. - Moscow: 2001; BMO - M.: 1976. - T. 4. 3. Makarov V.A., Kozynets H.M., Arutamyan Yu.S., Ashturov G.D. Systems research! blood in clinical practice/ Ed. G.I. Kozyntsa, V.A. Makarov. - M., 1997. 4. Kozynets G.I. Interpretation of blood and urine analyzes and their clinical significance. - M., 1998. 5. Menshikov V.V. The laboratory method of research in the clinic. - M., 1987.

Claims (22)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION 1. Hemostatic composition for stopping massive (critical) bleeding, which contains moisture-retaining, binding, inorganic and organic hemostatic agents, which is distinguished by the fact that these agents are contained in the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - from 0.001 to З0 95, zv a caustic dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - from 0.001 to 50 95, an inorganic hemostatic agent - from 0.001 to 50 95, an organic hemostatic agent - from 0.001 to 5095, and the specified hemostatic agents of the composition are at least four different chemical substances, and the inorganic hemostatic agent includes water-insoluble and /or sparingly soluble oxides of natural and/or synthetic origin, selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of oxides of titanium, silicon, aluminum, etc., clays, selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group containing kaolin, bentonite, etc., and/or minerals selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from zeolites, which, including can be included in the composition of clays, metal salts, with the exception of Zo coordination compounds with organic ligands in the form of complex salts, selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group containing calcium, barium sulfates, titanates, phosphates, glycerophosphates, etc. 2. Hemostatic composition according to claim 1, which differs in that it is a solution or suspension, or foam, or paste, or gel, or powder, and in which the total content of moisture-retaining, binding, dust-suppressing, inorganic, and organic hemostatic agents is less 100 95 or 100 95. 3. The hemostatic composition according to any of the preceding formula points, which is characterized by the fact that as a moisture-retaining hemostatic agent it contains a substance selected from the group that includes, but is not limited to: carboxymethyl cellulose and/or its salts and/or glycerin as a binder the dust-suppressing hemostatic agent contains a substance selected from the group that includes, but is not limited to: synthetic and/or natural, including modified, polysaccharides, in particular carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, agar-agar, gum arabic, dextrin, as an organic hemostatic agent contains a polyphenol and/or its components, in particular tannin and/or tannic, and/or gallic, and/or digalic acid and/or flavonoids, in particular rutin and/or quercetin, and/or selected mainly from the group of water-soluble polymers, including natural polymers , including chemically modified natural polymers, selected mainly from the group of cellulose derivatives, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrose, pectin, chitosan, agar-agar, gum arabic ku, collagen, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl acetate, and/or from the group of polyols, selected mainly from the group of glymes, glycerol and its esters, as an inorganic hemostatic agent includes water-insoluble and/or sparingly soluble oxides of natural and/or synthetic origin, selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of oxides of titanium, silicon, aluminum, etc., clays selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of kaolin, bentonite, etc., and/or minerals selected preferably, but not exclusively, from zeolites, which, among other things, can be included in the composition of clays, metal salts, selected, preferably, but not exclusively, from the group containing calcium, barium sulfates, titanates, phosphates, glycerophosphates, etc. 4. A hemostatic composition according to any of the previous clauses of the formula, which differs in that it has the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - from 0.01 to З 95, He) binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - from 0.01 to З0 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - from 0.01 to 20 95, organic hemostatic agent - from 0.01 to 20 95. 5. The hemostatic composition according to any of the previous clauses of the formula, which differs in that it has the following ratio of components: moisture-retaining hemostatic agent - from 0.1 to 2 95 binding dust-suppressing hemostatic agent - from 0.1 to 20 95, inorganic hemostatic agent - from 1 to 12 95, organic hemostatic agent - from 0.1 to 20 95. b. Hemostatic composition according to any one of items 1-4, characterized in that at least one of the inorganic hemostatic agents has radiopaque properties. 7. A hemostatic composition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inorganic hemostatic agent having radiopaque properties is selected preferably, but not exclusively, from the group consisting of barium sulfate, phosphate, and barium titanate. 8. A hemostatic composition according to any of the previous clauses of the formula, which is distinguished by the fact that it is in a hermetic package, which ensures its sterility during the entire storage period. 9. A hemostatic agent, which includes a composition of hemostatic agents according to any of the preceding items and a container holding the composition of hemostatic agents. 10. Hemostatic agent according to item 9, characterized in that the capacity is "two-dimensional". 11. Hemostatic agent according to point 10, which is characterized by the fact that the container is a product or device, the material for which is any selected from the following group: cotton, silk, wool, plastic, cellulose, viscose; polymer (for example, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester (polyether, polycarbonate, etc.), metal, glass fiber, organic substances; mixtures of the above; woven, nonwoven, knitted film water-permeable and/or waterproof. 12. Hemostatic agent according to item 11, which is characterized by the fact that the container is a bandage, a napkin, a film, which can be folded and/or twisted and/or twisted in a certain way. 13. Hemostatic agent according to any of items 9-12, which is characterized by the fact that the container is in a hermetic package, which ensures its sterility during the storage period. Zo 14. Hemostatic agent according to claim 9, characterized in that the container is "three-dimensional". 15. Hemostatic agent according to item 14, characterized in that the container is a vessel containing a composition of hemostatic agents or a hemostatic agent according to any of items 9-14, or a medical device, for example, a tampon, napkin, sponge, sponge. 16. Hemostatic agent according to any one of items 9-15, characterized in that at least part of the container for the composition of hemostatic agents has a waterproof shell. 17. Hemostatic agent according to any one of items 9-16, characterized in that at least part of the container for the composition of hemostatic agents has a waterproof shell, and the composition of hemostatic agents additionally contains at least one foaming component. 18. Hemostatic agent according to item 17, which is characterized by the fact that at least part of the container for the composition of hemostatic agents has a waterproof shell, which is filled with the composition of hemostatic agents in the form of a gel, foam, or paste. 19. Hemostatic agent according to any of items 9-18, which is characterized in that at least part of the container for the composition of hemostatic agents, which has a fibrous and/or mesh and/or has a structure with a system of holes, incorporates the composition of hemostatic agents in any - any sequence in any satisfactory way, in particular impregnation with a solution and/or suspension of a composition of hemostatic agents, use a spray of a solution and/or suspension of a composition of hemostatic agents, and/or use a "v5io-die" rgose55 to apply the solution and/or suspension compositions of hemostatic agents and/or using an arbitrary combination of the specified methods, are dried to the required humidity and an adhesive adhesive is applied to at least part of the surface of at least one side of the container for a complex of hemostatic agents. 20. Hemostatic agent according to any of items 9-19, which is characterized by the fact that it is in a hermetic package, which ensures its sterility during the storage period. 21. A hemostatic agent according to any one of items 9-20, which is characterized in that a radiopaque material selected from the group consisting, preferably, but not exclusively, of polymeric materials containing predominantly barium compounds is arbitrarily attached to it. 22. A hemostatic agent according to any of items 9-21, which is characterized by the fact that a pharmaceutically active composition is applied to the indicated hemostatic agents and the released agent, selected from the group of antibiotics, antifungal agents, antimicrobial agents, anti-inflammatory agents, analgesics, antihistamines, and compounds containing ions of copper, zinc, silver, and combinations thereof. 13 7 1 i 3 What and NOT : ; And ХХ ZVO their Z Fig. 1 сх N и : Ma sho) u 03 ne Ah as it is: shya same sh Y I 5chva 5 In the day I sing zh. Mezey KI still. Kya Tk S i a Ve u z A A I ih VO OM pr 15 i yiv chvaya ol ON UK ZH re zhe 7 VAK sti z i zkzh tk what cha 9 iBbbBiBlIB 1 i 2 yayu z ko ZE ib h y sh Z bach t : : : well, I, too, in 7th grade - ke. 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