TWI776501B - Microvascular physiological parameters detection and estimation device, and its related physiological measuring gun, ear-hanging physiological measuring instrument, earplug measuring instrument, portable physiological measuring instrument, physiological measuring lens, and glasses measuring instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a microvascular physiological parameters detection and estimation device capable of measuring microvessels of a subject. The microvascular physiological parameters detection and estimation device includes a housing, a sensing module base on a photoplethysmography, an inertial sensing unit and a processing unit. The sensing module, the inertial sensing unit and the processing unit are arranged in the containing space of the housing. The sensing module generates an incident light that can be incident on the capillaries by a light source element in a non-contact or contact manner, and a light sensing element can receive a reflected light from the capillaries to generate a signal with a photoplethysmography. The inertial sensing unit can detect the behavior of the subject to output an axial signal. The processing unit executes an application program to calculate a physiological value related to at least one of a heart rate, a blood oxygen, a blood pressure, and a blood flow.

Description

Microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device, and related physiological measurement gun, Ear Physiological Measuring Instrument, Earplug Measuring Instrument, Portable Physiological Measuring Instrument, Physiological Measuring Sheet and Glasses Measuring Instrument

The present invention belongs to the technical field of physiological parameter detection and estimation applications, especially to a detection and estimation device for microvascular physiological parameters related to microvascular detection.

Traditional wearable devices can be used to measure physiological signals of the human body, such as heartbeat signals, which are usually worn on the wrist or measured through the ear.

Due to the frequent use of the wrist, the wrist measurement is less accurate than the measurement method at the ear, and it is easily affected by the external environment.

In order to obtain more accurate measurements, previous technologies have installed monitoring devices in the ear's inner auditory canal, tympanic membrane and pinna to measure core temperature, heart rate and blood oxygen concentration. Unfortunately, incorporating a photoplethysmography device into a headset presents several challenges.

The traditional technology cannot take into account the problems of long-term wearing and real-time measurement of safety. In addition, the traditional technology can only provide simple measurement for users to record and remind, and does not have functions such as remote diagnosis and health care.

In view of this, the present invention provides an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters to solve the deficiencies of the prior art.

The first object of the present invention is to provide a microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device, by optically detecting microvessels, such as but not limited to microvessels in the ear, face, forehead, underarm, chest, etc. Non-invasive or invasive way to obtain stable physiological signals (or physiological parameters) in an open environment.

The second object of the present invention is to obtain physiological signs including but not limited to temperature, static heart rate, dynamic heart rate, blood oxygen, blood pressure, blood flow, etc. by calculating physiological signals according to the aforementioned microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device ).

The third object of the present invention is to further integrate the cloud center (or portable electronic device) according to the aforementioned microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device to implement functions including but not limited to providing detection, monitoring, diagnosis, and advice, etc. To achieve epidemic prevention control, health management, preventive medicine, long-term care and other purposes.

The fourth object of the present invention is to transmit complex operations to, for example, a portable electronic device for calculation by means of distributed calculation, so as to improve the performance of the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device. The calculation efficiency is reduced, the calculation burden of the local processing unit is reduced, and the power endurance of the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device is prolonged.

The fifth object of the present invention is to detect and estimate microvascular physiological parameters in a continuous time or a discontinuous time according to the aforementioned apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters.

The sixth object of the present invention is to select and calculate frequency domain data, time domain data or a combination of physiological signals according to the aforementioned microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device, so as to speed up calculation speed, accuracy and reduce computational burden.

The seventh object of the present invention is to automatically select the static heart rate mode or the dynamic heart rate mode according to the behavioral state of the subject according to the aforementioned microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate measurement.

The eighth object of the present invention is to optionally add functions such as temperature sensing, audio transmission (including input and output), indication, positioning, and ECG detection according to the aforementioned microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device.

The ninth object of the present invention is to use the aforementioned microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device, which can be applied to physiological measurement guns, ear-mounted physiological measurement instruments, earplug-type measurement instruments, portable physiological measurement instruments, and physiological measurement instruments. film and other application fields.

The tenth object of the present invention is to combine the physiological signal measurement and temperature sensing to form a physiological feature detection device according to the aforementioned microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device, so as to achieve the purpose of multiple measurement modes for measuring temperature and physiological signals individually or simultaneously .

In order to achieve the above object and other objects, the present invention provides a microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device capable of measuring the microvascular of a subject. The microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device includes a casing, a light volume sensing module, an inertial sensing unit and a processing unit. The casing has a body including an opening and forms an accommodating space. Wherein, the opening is communicated with the accommodating space. Light volume sensing module Set in the accommodating space. The light volume sensing module includes a light source element and a light sensing element. The light source element generates an incident light that can be incident on the microvessels and the light sensing element can receive a reflected light reflected from the microvessels to generate a light volume signal related to a blood volume change. Wherein, the light source element and the light sensing element are adjacent to a skin epidermis of the subject or contact the skin epidermis of the subject through the opening, and the incident light is incident on the skin epidermis and from the skin epidermis in a non-contact manner or a contact manner. Receive reflected light. The inertial sensing unit is arranged in the accommodating space. The inertial sensing unit has an acceleration element to detect the behavior of the subject to output an axial signal. The processing unit is arranged in the accommodating space. The processing unit is connected with the photovolume sensing module and the inertial sensing unit, and the processing unit executes an application program to select one of the complex number algorithms according to the axial signal to calculate the photovolume signal, and then calculates a heart rate, A physiological value of at least one of a blood oxygen, a blood pressure, and a blood flow.

In order to achieve the above objects and other objects, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device provided by the present invention is applied to subjects including but not limited to a forehead, auricle, an armpit, a chest, etc. The sensing element is used to obtain the light volume signal.

In order to achieve the above object and other objects, the present invention provides a physiological measurement gun composed of a microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device and a temperature sensing element, and the physiological measurement gun is applied to a forehead of a subject. The opening of the body has a distance from the forehead, so that the temperature sensing element can measure the subject's forehead temperature through the opening, and another opening of the body is adjacent to the forehead, so that the light source element and the light sensing element pass through the opening For contacting the skin epidermis of the subject's forehead to obtain photovolume signals.

In order to achieve the above object and other objects, the present invention provides a hanging ear physiological measuring instrument or an earplug measuring instrument formed by a microvascular physiological parameter detecting and estimating device. The ear-hanging physiological measuring instrument or the earplug-type measuring instrument are respectively applied to an auricle of the subject, and the opening of the body is adjacent to the auricle, so that the light source element and the light sensing element can contact or be adjacent to the auricle through the opening. The photovolume signal was obtained from the skin epidermis of the subject's auricle.

In order to achieve the above object and other objects, the present invention provides an ear-hook physiological measuring instrument or an earplug measuring instrument composed of a microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device and a temperature sensing element. The ear-mounted physiological measuring instrument or the earplug-type measuring instrument are respectively applied to one ear canal and one auricle of the subject, and the body forms an opening in the ear canal, so that the temperature sensing element can measure the subject through the opening. A temperature in the subject's ear canal, and the body forms another opening adjacent to the auricle, so that the light source element and the light-sensing element can contact or be adjacent to the skin epidermis of the subject's auricle through the other opening. Obtain the light volume signal.

In order to achieve the above object and other objects, the present invention provides a portable physiological measuring instrument formed by a microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device. Wherein, the portable physiological measuring instrument is applied to an auricle of the subject, and the portable physiological measuring instrument provides a detachable body, when the body is moved to the subject's ear and the body is set on the auricle The light source element and the light sensing element pass through the opening of the body for contacting or being adjacent to the skin epidermis of the subject's auricle to obtain the light volume signal.

In order to achieve the above object and other objects, the present invention provides a physiological measurement sheet formed by a microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device. Among them, the physiological measurement sheet is applied to the skin epidermis of the subject. When the opening of the body faces the skin epidermis, the light source element and the light sensing element can contact the skin epidermis of the subject through the opening of the body to obtain the light volume. signal.

In order to achieve the above object and other objects, the present invention provides a glasses-type measuring instrument formed by a microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device. Among them, the glasses-type measuring instrument is applied to the ear of the subject. The opening of the body of the glasses-type measuring instrument is adjacent to the auricle, so that the light source element and the light sensing element can contact the skin epidermis of the subject's auricle through the opening to obtain the light volume signal.

Compared with the prior art, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device provided by the present invention can select different algorithms to calculate the light volume signal according to the user's behavior (such as exercise, rest, sleep, etc.), so as to obtain accurate Physiological values related to heart rate, blood oxygen, blood pressure, etc. With the accurately measured results, it can be provided to the back-end algorithm for accurate analysis, recording and diagnosis.

In yet another embodiment, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus further provides a combination of various electronic components/units, such as temperature sensing, audio input/output, positioning, indication, etc., to measure the signal of the light removal volume signal, With the information output by the aforementioned electronic components/units, a variety of physiological indicators can be formed to further determine which symptoms are met, including but not limited to, for example, apnea, stress indicators, emotional indicators, blood flow status, wakefulness index, blood sugar Indicators, etc., that is, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device can be the user's personal health assistant. Even more, the apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters can predict the health trend according to the aforementioned indicators, indices and states.

In yet another embodiment, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device, in addition to the aforementioned personalised health assistant, can also allow the user to instantly feedback the current physical fitness state during the process of self-exercise, as a supplement to the user. On-the-go trainer for workouts.

In another embodiment, in response to cluster infections caused by viruses, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device can be used to isolate a large number of users at home. Monitor the real-time status of users.

2: Subject

10, 10', 10": Microvascular Physiological Parameters Detection and Estimation Device

12: Light volume sensing module

122: Light source components

124: light sensing element

14: Inertial sensing unit

142: Acceleration element

16: Processing unit

18: Temperature sensing element

20: Audio output unit

22: Indication unit

24: Positioning unit

26: Audio input unit

28: Communication unit

30: Servo unit

32: Shell

322: Ontology

324: ear hook structure

325: Pinna Adjustment Structure

326, 326': opening

327: Earplug Structure

328: Handheld

34: Cable

36: Frames

38: Mirror feet

ILB: Incident Light

RLB: Reflected Light

HRS: light volume signal

AS: Axial signal

APP: application

SHRM: Static Heart Rate Mode

DHRM: Dynamic Heart Rate Mode

PV: physiological value

TS: temperature signal

MS: source signal

IS: Indication signal

GS: Geographical Signal

OS: External Audio

FS: feedback signal

SP: accommodation space

d: distance

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic block diagram of a microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic block diagram of a microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 8( a ) and 8 ( b ) are schematic diagrams illustrating the application of the physiological feature detection apparatus having the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device of FIG. 7 according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11( a ), FIG. 11 ( b ) and FIG. 11 ( c ) are schematic diagrams illustrating the simulation of the dynamic heart rate mode of FIG. 1 of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail by the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The description is as follows.

In the present disclosure, the use of "a" or "an" is used to describe the elements, elements and components described herein. This is done only for convenience of description and to provide a general sense of the scope of the invention. Thus, unless it is clear that it is meant otherwise, such descriptions should be read to include one, at least one, and the singular also includes the plural.

In the present invention, the terms "comprising", "including", "having", "containing" or any other similar terms are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusions. For example, an element, structure, article or device containing a plurality of elements is not limited to those elements listed herein, but may include not explicitly listed but generally inherent to the element, structure, article or device other requirements. Otherwise, unless expressly stated to the contrary, the term "or" refers to an inclusive "or" and not an exclusive "or".

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a block diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 can measure the physiological signals related to the microvessels of one or more subjects 2. For example, the microvessels can be located in the superficial temporal artery or anywhere in the body. . Here, the superficial temporal artery is used as an example for illustration. The superficial temporal artery refers to the It is one of the main arteries of the head, especially through the ear, face, neck and other parts, that is, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 mainly detects the changes of the microvascular branch of the superficial temporal artery. In addition, the superficial temporal artery mainly appeared above the neck of the subject 2 . It is worth noting that, although the microvessels of the superficial temporal artery are used as an example for illustration in this embodiment, in other embodiments, as long as the data related to red blood cells in the microvessels can be obtained through the present invention, they also belong to the scope of the present invention. scope.

The microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 includes a photovolume sensing module 12 , an inertial sensing unit 14 , a processing unit 16 and a casing 32 .

The light volume sensing module 12 includes a light source element 122 and a light sensing element 124 . It is worth noting that, in addition to the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124, the photovolume sensing module 12 can additionally add other electronic elements, such as photoelectric conversion elements, amplifying elements, digital analogs, according to the requirements of electronic signal processing. Signal conversion components, etc. For example, if the optical signal detected by the photovolume sensing module 12 is relatively weak, an amplifying element may be further arranged to amplify the weak optical signal.

The light source element 122 generates an incident light ILB that can be incident on the microvessels (not shown) and the light sensing element 124 can receive a reflected light RLB reflected from the microvessels to output a light volume signal HRS related to a blood volume change. In the foregoing, the reflected light RLB is a reflected light generated from the incident light ILB and incident on, for example, blood cells, blood plasma, bone, and the like. The photoplethysmographic signal HRS can be captured by, for example, photoplethysmography (PPG), which is an organ plethysmography obtained optically, for example, using a light-emitting diode light source element 122 The incident light ILB is generated to irradiate the skin, and the light amount of the reflected light RLB is measured by the light sensing element 124 of the photodiode, and a corresponding graph representing the volume change caused by the pulse pressure can be obtained.

The light source element 122 may be composed of a single light-emitting source or a plurality of light-emitting sources, for example, the light source element 122 may be the aforementioned light-emitting diodes. In this embodiment, the light source element 122 is described by taking an epitaxial composed of three light sources as an example, and the light source element 122 provides one or more light wavelength regions. between. For example, the first light wavelength range is between 480 nm and 590 nm (approximately green light), the second light wavelength range is between 630 nm and 570 nm (approximately red light) and The third light wavelength range is between 760 nm and 1000 nm (approximately infrared light). In other embodiments, the light source element 122 may select other wavelengths of light.

Also, the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124 can be adjacent to or contact the skin epidermis of the subject 2 through the opening 326 provided in the housing 32 which will be mentioned later. In addition, the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124 may incident the incident light ILB to the skin epidermis and receive the reflected light RLB from the skin epidermis in a non-contact manner or a contact manner.

The inertial sensing unit 14 includes an acceleration element 142 such as a six-axis or nine-axis gyro sensor. The acceleration element 142 can detect changes such as X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, angular velocity, acceleration, etc., to determine the behavior of the subject 2, such as motion, rest, rest, etc., to output an axial signal AS.

The processing unit 16 is connected to the light volume sensing module 12 and the inertial sensing unit 14 .

The processing unit 16 executes an application program APP to select one of the axial signal AS and the self-complex algorithm, for example, the algorithm can be a static heart rate algorithm SHRM or a dynamic heart rate algorithm DHRM, and then calculates a heart rate related to a heart rate. , a blood oxygen, a blood pressure, a blood flow and a physiological value PV. In other words, the processing unit 16 can calculate the scalar change of the axial signal AS of the inertial sensing unit 14 to determine the current behavioral state of the subject 2 .

The above-mentioned static heart rate mode SHRM is calculated in the light volume signal in the time domain (Time domain) and the above-mentioned dynamic heart rate mode DHRM is calculated in the frequency domain (Frequency domain) light volume signal, which can be referred to Figure 11 (a) together Fig. 11(c) is a schematic diagram illustrating the simulation of the dynamic heart rate mode of Fig. 1 of the present invention, the horizontal axis is frequency and the vertical axis is amplitude.

In FIG. 11( a ), a frequency-domain spectrogram of the inertial sensing unit 14 is provided, which uses a Short-time Fourier Transform (STFT) to convert the acceleration element 142 between the time-domain and the frequency-domain. In the frequency domain spectrogram, it can be observed that the motion frequency presented by the inertial sensing unit 14 appears around 3 Hz; then, referring to FIG. 11(b), the frequency domain spectrogram of the photoplethysmography method, which also uses the short-duration Fourier transform The transformation is performed between the time domain and the frequency domain. In the frequency domain spectrogram, it can be observed that two frequency points with higher amplitude and intensity appear in the photoplethysmography at about 2Hz and 3Hz. Among them, 2Hz is the correct heartbeat frequency and 3Hz is the noise frequency caused by movement. From this, it can be known that if it is not properly converted, it is possible to interpret the wrong noise frequency and mistake the noise frequency as the heartbeat frequency. frequency; and, with reference to FIG. 11( c ), the frequency domain spectrogram obtained after the processing unit 16 calculates the frequency domain spectrogram of the inertial sensing unit 14 and the photoplethysmography method, i.e., is obtained through the calculation of subtraction Eliminate the noise frequency generated by motion, and obtain a true optical volume signal at 2Hz. Therefore, in the aforementioned manner, the measurement accuracy can be effectively improved.

The application program APP will further judge which behavior subject 2 is currently in according to the change amount from the axial signal AS. The behavior judgment method is, for example, if the subject 2 is in the movement behavior, the change amount of the axial signal AS. On the contrary, if subject 2 is in a static behavior, the change of the axial signal AS is gentle; then, after determining which behavior of subject 2, the application program APP chooses which mode to use to calculate the light volume signal HRS, Here, if the subject 2 is in an exercise behavior, the dynamic heart rate mode DHRM is executed; and, if the subject 2 is in a static or resting behavior, the static heart rate mode SHRM is executed, and the relevant application examples are as follows:

In application example 1, the processing unit 16 calculates the photovolume signal HRS obtained from the photovolume sensing module 12 using, for example, green light to execute the aforementioned static heart rate mode or dynamic heart rate mode. The photovolume signal HRS is related to the pulse signal peak value of the waveform of the photovolume signal HRS.

Application example 2, the processing unit 16 calculates the ratio of the oxygenated red blood cells to the non-oxygenated blood red from the microvessels using, for example, red light and infrared light from the light volume sensing module 12, and then calculates the blood oxygen saturation concentration (blood oxygen saturation). ).

In the third application example, the processing unit 16 calculates the photovolume signal HRS obtained from the photovolume sensing module 12 using, for example, green light to output the blood pressure value. Among them, the light volume signal is related to the pulse transit time (Pulse Transit Time, PTT).

In the fourth application example, the processing unit 16 executes the application program APP to calculate the light volume signal HRS to obtain values related to blood oxygen, blood pressure, blood flow, and the like.

In the fifth application example, the application program APP can be used to identify the identity of the subject 2 to identify the object using the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus 10 . For example, the application program APP passes through a biometric capture unit (not shown) connected to the processing unit 16 , for example, the biometric capture unit may be a fingerprint capture device, an iris capture device, a sound capture device, or an image capture device. and so on, to capture the biometric features of the subject 2, such as fingerprints, iris, vein prints, palm prints, voice prints, etc., to confirm the identity of the subject 2.

The casing 32 has a body 322 including an opening 326 and forms an accommodating space SP. The light volume sensing module 12 , the inertial sensing unit 14 and the processing unit 16 are disposed in the accommodating space SP of the casing 32 . The housing 32 can facilitate the subject 2 to operate the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 . The shape of the shell 32 is not limited in any way, and can be designed according to the field of use. .

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a block diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2 , the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus 10 ′ not only includes the light volume sensing module 12 , the inertial sensing unit 14 , the processing unit 16 and the casing 32 of the first embodiment, but also includes a temperature The sensing element 18 , an audio output unit 20 , an indication unit 22 , a positioning unit 24 and an audio input unit 26 . It is worth noting that, for the convenience of description, many In fact, one or more units can be selected from multiple units for combination according to actual needs.

The descriptions of the light volume sensing module 12 , the inertial sensing unit 14 , the processing unit 16 and the casing 32 are as described above, and will not be repeated here.

The temperature sensing element 18 is connected to the processing unit 16 to be able to measure the temperature of the subject 2, such as ear temperature, forehead temperature, armpit temperature, etc., and the temperature sensing element 18 outputs a temperature signal TS to the processing unit 16, such as temperature sensing Element 18 may be an infrared thermal stack element, a temperature sensor, or the like. For example, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 ′ can sense the temperature of the subject 2 through the temperature sensing element 18 or through the measurement of the temperature to confirm that the subject 2 is indeed carrying the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 ′. Estimation device 10'. For example, when the temperature sensing element 18 adopts an infrared thermal stack element, there is a distance between the temperature sensing element 18 and the subject 2, so that non-contact measurement can be performed.

The audio output unit 20 is connected to the processing unit 16. The processing unit can receive the external or internally generated audio signal MS and drive the audio output unit 20 to output the sound signal SS. For example, the audio output unit 20 can be a speaker or the like. For example, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10' can use the audio output unit 20 to remind the subject 2 of the current physiological value PV and physiological state, or provide the subject 2 to listen to music, broadcasts, and the like. For example, when the processing unit 16 determines according to the application APP that a threshold value such as the heart rate has been exceeded, the processing unit 16 will issue a reminder and warning to the subject 2 according to the application APP.

The indicating unit 22 is connected to the processing unit 16, for example, the indicating unit 22 may be a light emitting diode, a luminescent light, a liquid crystal display screen, or the like. The indicating unit 22 is driven by the processing unit 16 to output an indicating signal IS, such as displaying a physiological value PV, a physiological state, a warning message, an electric quantity information, and the like.

The positioning unit 24 is connected to the processing unit 16, such as a GPS positioning wafer, etc. The positioning unit 24 is driven by the processing unit 16 to output a detection and estimation device that can be used to locate microvascular physiological parameters 10' is the geographic signal GS at latitude and longitude. For example, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 ′ can mark the position of the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 ′ through the positioning unit 24 , which can indirectly display the position of the subject 2 , which can effectively perform effective Space or when subject 2 is in an emergency such as coma due to an obvious abnormal physiological value PV, emergency rescue can be carried out by locating the position of subject 2.

The audio input unit 26 is connected to the processing unit 16. For example, the audio input unit 26 may be a microphone or the like. The audio input unit 26 is driven by the processing unit 16 and can capture the external audio OS, for example, the external audio OS can be the ambient background sound, the sound of the subject 2 itself, the exhalation sound, the inhalation sound, the breath of the subject 2 sound etc. For example, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus 10 ′ can receive the relevant information of the exhalation sound, inhalation sound, and breathing sound of the subject 2 through the audio input unit 26 for the back end to determine the detection of the subject 2 Whether there is, for example, apnea; or, when the subject 2 is in a coma, the emergency personnel can judge the situation of the subject 2 through the external audio OS received by the audio input unit 26 or can conduct a dialogue with the subject 2 .

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a block diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3 , the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 ″ includes the photovolume sensing module 12 , the inertial sensing unit 14 and the processing unit 16 of the first embodiment and selects one or more from the second embodiment. In addition to the plurality of units, the communication unit 28 and the servo unit 30 are further included.

The description of the light volume sensing module 12 , the inertial sensing unit 14 , the processing unit 16 , the casing 32 , the temperature sensing element 18 , the audio output unit 20 , the indicating unit 22 , the positioning unit 24 and the audio input unit 26 are as described above described, and will not be repeated here.

The communication unit 28 is connected to the processing unit 16 to transmit the light volume signal HRS, the axial signal AS, the physiological value PV, the temperature signal TS, the audio source signal MS, the indication signal IS, the geographic signal GS and the external audio signal OS, etc. For example, the communication unit 28 conforms to the Bluetooth/Bluetooth Low Power Low Energy, BLE) wireless communication protocol, wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) wireless communication protocol, ZigBee wireless communication protocol, n-generation mobile communication protocol (GRPS, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G...NG) Wait.

The servo unit 30 is connected to the communication unit 28. For example, the servo unit 30 can be connected to the communication unit 28 through wired or wireless means. connect.

The servo unit 30 receives the optical volume signal HRS, the axial signal AS, the physiological value PV, the temperature signal TS, the audio source signal MS, the indication signal IS, the geographic signal GS and the external audio signal OS from the processing unit 16 through the communication unit 28 . The servo unit 30 can count, analyze, manage, process and record the data, and selectively generate a feedback signal FS to send back to the communication unit 28 . For example, the servo unit 30 can feed back the analyzed data, generate corresponding reminders or warning messages, which are loaded in the feedback signal FS and transmitted back to the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 ″ via the communication unit 28 , for example, through the aforementioned audio The output unit 20 or the instructing unit 22 notifies the subject 2. In another embodiment, the servo unit 30 can perform statistics, analysis, management, processing and recording in the cloud or locally (such as a smartphone), and then external diagnosis.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4 , the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus 10 forms a hanging ear physiological measuring instrument. In this embodiment, the ear-hanging physiological measuring instrument is applied to the auricle of the subject 2 . Also, the ear-hook physiological measuring instrument can be adjusted through the ear-hook structure 324 and the auricle adjustment structure 325, for example. The ear-hook structure 324 can allow the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 to be attached to the left or right ear of the subject 2, and the auricle adjustment structure 325 can be rotated according to the different auricle shapes of the subject 2 The adjustment allows, for example, the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124 to be closer to the skin surface, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. housing 32 The opening of the main body 322 is adjacent to the auricle, so that the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124 can contact or be adjacent to the skin epidermis of the auricle of the subject 2 through the opening 326 to obtain the light volume signal HRS.

The ear-mounted physiological measuring instrument in this embodiment includes a light volume sensing module 12 , an inertial sensing unit 14 , a processing unit 16 , a temperature sensing element 18 , an audio output unit 20 , an indication unit 22 , and a positioning unit 24 , the audio input unit 26 , the communication unit 28 , etc., the descriptions of which are as described above, and will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, the housing 32 is in the form of a single-sided hanging ear. The main body 322 forms the accommodating space SP, and the opening 326 and the ear-hook structure 324 extend from the main body 322 to be attached to the unilateral outer ear of the subject 2 . The accommodating space SP is provided with, for example, the light volume sensing module 12, the inertial sensing unit 14, the processing unit 16, the temperature sensing element 18, the audio output unit 20, the indicating unit 22, etc. Some components are hidden in the accommodating space SP, and are located in the accommodating space SP. This is not shown. The opening 326 communicated with the accommodating space SP exposes, for example, the light volume sensing module 12 , the indicating unit 22 , and the temperature sensing element 18 . It is worth noting that the position of the opening 326 of the casing 32 is specially designed, for example, the opening 326 is arranged at the position adjacent to the microvessels of the ear (not shown), so that the light source element 122 of the light volume sensing module 12 is provided with the opening 326 . The light sensing element 124 can accurately act on the microvessels by being disposed in the opening 326 .

It is worth noting that the opening 326' of the main body 322 is also provided with the temperature sensing element 18. Here, the opening 326' can be made of silicone material or plastic material, and is used for inserting into the ear canal of the subject 2 to sense the temperature. Take the temperature of the ear canal.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5 , the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus 10 forms an earplug-type physiological measuring instrument. Here, the earplug-type physiological measuring instrument is described by taking the bilateral neck-wrap earphone as an example, which has two shells 32, and the two shells 32 are connected by a cable 34. In any shell 32, you can A microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 is set up. In this embodiment, the earplug-type physiological measuring instrument Applied to Subject 2's pinna. In addition, the earplug-type physiological measuring instrument is fixed to the ear canal openings of the left ear and the right ear of the subject 2 by the earplug structure 327 . The opening of the body 322 of the housing 32 is adjacent to the pinna, so that the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124 pass through the opening 326 and are located on the rear side of the housing 32 in this figure, so as to be able to contact or be adjacent to the subject 2 The skin epidermis of the auricle is used to obtain the photovolume signal HRS. In addition, in this embodiment, the temperature sensing element 18 is also disposed in the opening 326 ′ of the casing 32 . Here, the opening 326 ′ can be made of silicone material or plastic material for inserting into the ear of the subject 2 canal to sense the temperature in the ear canal.

Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6 , the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus 10 forms a glasses-type measuring instrument. The glasses-type measuring instrument has a frame 36 and a temple 38 , which are called the casing 32 in the present invention. The opening 326 of the body 322 of the housing 32 is adjacent to the auricle, so that the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124 can contact the skin epidermis of the auricle of the subject 2 through the opening 326 to obtain the light volume signal HRS, so as to obtain the light volume signal HRS. While the subject 2 is wearing glasses, the physiological value PV related to the subject 2 is obtained.

Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7 , the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 is a physiological measurement gun composed of the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 and the temperature sensing element 18 . The physiometry gun was applied to one of Subject 2's foreheads. There is a distance d between the opening 326 of the main body 322 and the forehead, so that the temperature sensing element 18 can measure the forehead temperature of the subject 2 through the opening 326 , and another opening 326 ′ of the main body 322 is formed on the side of the main body 322 . The front end is adjacent to the forehead, so that the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124 can contact the skin epidermis of the forehead of the subject 2 through the opening 326 to obtain the light volume signal HRS. In order to facilitate the measurement, in this embodiment, the forehead of the subject 2 is measured by, for example, the medical staff holding the hand-held portion 328 of the housing 32, and the microvascular physiological parameters disposed in the body 322 of the housing 32 are used to detect and Estimating device 10 to obtain physiological values PV associated with subject 2 .

Referring to FIGS. 8( a ) and 8 ( b ) together, it is a schematic diagram of the application of the physiological measuring gun of FIG. 7 of the present invention, respectively.

In FIG. 8( a ), the physiological measurement gun provides measurement modes of temperature measurement, physiological signal measurement and their combination, and the physiological measurement gun is applied to the measurement of the forehead. In the present embodiment, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 and especially the part of the light volume sensing module 12 is disposed on the leading edge of the gun-type physiological feature detection device and can contact the forehead of the subject 2 to perform the detection. Contact temperature measurement; in addition, the temperature sensing element 18 is arranged on the gun-type physiological feature detection device and keeps a distance d from the forehead of the subject 2, so as to perform non-contact temperature measurement.

For example, in the contact measurement mode, the hand-held part 328 of the physiological measurement gun held by the medical staff directly touches the forehead of the subject 2, and the incident light ILB is caused by the light source element 122 of the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10. The microvessels directly incident on the subject 2's forehead and the light sensing element 124 of the microvessel physiological parameter detecting and estimating device 10 receive the reflected light RLB, and output the light volume signal HRS related to the blood volume change after calculation. In another embodiment, in the contact measurement mode, the temperature sensing element 18, which is kept at a distance from the forehead of the subject 2, can also be used to measure the temperature (or body temperature) of the subject 2; In the non-contact measurement mode, the medical staff holds the hand-held part 328 of the gun-type physiological feature detection device and keeps a distance from the forehead of the subject 2 without touching the subject 2 to measure the temperature (or body temperature).

In FIG. 8( b ), a probe 40 can also be added to the physiological measurement gun to be applied in the measurement of ear temperature. In this embodiment, in order to adapt to the measurement of the ear, the front edge of the physiological measurement gun is tied to form a cone, so that it can be inserted into the ear canal of the ear. In the present embodiment, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 and the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124 are disposed adjacent to the auricle of the subject 2 and can contact the skin surface, so that the incident light ILB is directly incident into the ear. of microvessels and the reflexes received from microvessels The reflected light RLB, and the temperature sensing element 18 are provided at the probe 40 for non-contact temperature measurement after insertion into the ear canal of the subject 2 .

Please refer to FIG. 9 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 9 , the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus 10 is a physiological measurement sheet formed by the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation apparatus 10 . Physiological measurement sheets were applied to the skin epidermis of Subject 2. When the opening 326 of the body 322 faces the skin epidermis, such as the armpit, the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124 contact the skin epidermis of the subject 2 through the opening 326 of the body 322 to obtain the light volume signal HRS.

Please refer to FIG. 10 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 10 , a portable physiological measuring instrument formed by the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device 10 is shown. Among them, the portable physiological measuring instrument is applied to the auricle of the subject 2 . The portable physiological measuring instrument is described by taking the box body as an example. The portable physiological meter provides a detachable body 322 . When the main body 322 is moved to the ear of the subject 2 and the main body 322 is disposed on the auricle, the light source element 122 and the light sensing element 124 can pass through the opening 326 of the main body 322 adjacent to the auricle. The opening 326 is in contact with or adjacent to the skin epidermis of the auricle of the subject 2 to obtain the light volume signal HRS.

In the aforementioned embodiments, additional electrodes (not shown) required for obtaining an electrocardiogram (ECG) can be added, which are connected to the processing unit 16 to capture the electrical signals on the skin of the subject 2, so as to be able to The electrophysiological activity of the heart of subject 2 was recorded over time.

The present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments are only used to describe the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that all changes and substitutions equivalent to the embodiments should be set to be included within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope of the patent application.

2: Subject

10: Microvascular Physiological Parameter Detection and Estimation Device

12: Light volume sensing module

122: Light source components

124: light sensing element

14: Inertial sensing unit

142: Acceleration element

16: Processing unit

32: Shell

ILB: Incident Light

RLB: Reflected Light

HRS: light volume signal

AS: Axial signal

APP: application

SHRM: Static Heart Rate Mode

DHRM: Dynamic Heart Rate Mode

PV: physiological value

Claims (20)

A microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device is used for measuring the microvascular of a subject, the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device comprises: a casing, a body with an opening and a accommodating space formed, wherein the opening and The accommodating space is communicated; a light volume sensing module is disposed in the accommodating space, the light volume sensing module has a light source element and a light sensing element, the light source element generates incident light for incident on the microvessel and the The light sensing element is used for receiving the reflected light reflected from the microvessel to generate a light volume signal, wherein the light source element and the light sensing element pass through the opening for being adjacent to the skin epidermis of the subject or contacting the subject The skin epidermis, incident the incident light to the skin epidermis and receive the reflected light from the skin epidermis in a non-contact manner or a contact manner; an inertial sensing unit is arranged in the accommodating space, and the inertial sensing unit an acceleration element is provided for detecting the behavior of the subject to output an axial signal; and a processing unit is disposed in the accommodating space, the processing unit is connected with the light volume sensing module and the inertial sensing unit, Furthermore, the processing unit executes an application program to select one of complex algorithms according to the axial signal to calculate the light volume signal, and then calculates a physiological value related to at least one of heart rate, blood oxygen and blood pressure. The microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the algorithms are a static heart rate algorithm and a dynamic heart rate algorithm, wherein the static heart rate algorithm calculates the light in the time domain (Time domain) The volume signal and the dynamic heart rate algorithm calculate the optical volume signal in the frequency domain, and the processing unit calculates the scalar change of the axial signal to decide to execute the static heart rate algorithm or the dynamic heart rate algorithm. The apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to claim 1, wherein the light source element provides a first light wavelength range of a light wavelength range between 480 nm and 590 nm, and a second light wavelength range. The light wavelength range is between 630 nm and 570 nm and the third light wavelength range is between 760 nm and 1000 nm. The microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device of claim 3, wherein the photovolume sensing module uses the light wavelength in the first light wavelength range to obtain the photovolume signal, or the photovolume sensing module Using the light wavelength of the second light wavelength range and the light wavelength of the third light wavelength range to obtain the ratio of oxygenated hemoglobin to non-oxygenated hemoglobin to obtain the blood oxygen saturation concentration (Blood Oxygen Saturation). The microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device according to claim 4, wherein the light volume signal is related to one of a pulse signal peak value and a pulse transit time (Pulse Transit Time) of the waveform of the heart rate signal. The microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensing element connected to the processing unit, and the temperature sensing element is used for non-contact or contact measurement of the subject's forehead temperature, At least one of ear temperature and body temperature, the temperature sensing element outputs a temperature signal to the processing unit. The microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device as claimed in claim 1 further comprises an audio output unit connected to the processing unit, and the audio output unit is driven by the processing unit to output sound signals. The apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to claim 1, further comprising an indicating unit connected to the processing unit, and the indicating unit is driven by the processing unit to output an indicating signal. The microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device as claimed in claim 1 further comprises a positioning unit connected to the processing unit, and the positioning unit is driven by the processing unit to output a geographic signal. The microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device according to claim 1 further comprises an audio input unit connected to the processing unit, and the audio input unit is driven by the processing unit to capture external audio. The apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application further includes an identification module for identifying the subject's identity and further confirming the subject's identity. The apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters according to claim 1, further comprising a communication unit connected to the processing unit to transmit at least one of the light volume signal, the axial signal and the physiological value. The microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device according to claim 12, further comprising a servo unit connected to the communication unit, and the servo unit receives the optical volume signal and the axial signal from the processing unit through the communication unit and at least one of the physiological value, the servo unit counts, analyzes, manages, processes and records at least one of the light volume signal, the axial signal and the physiological value, and selectively generates a feedback signal back to the communication unit. The apparatus for detecting and estimating microvascular physiological parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source element and the light sensing element are applied to at least one of the subject's forehead, auricle and armpit, and the light source element is used for and the light sensing element for contacting the skin epidermis of the subject to obtain the light volume signal. A physiological measurement gun, comprising the temperature sensing element of the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device described in claim 6, wherein the physiological measurement gun is applied to the subject's forehead, the opening of the body There is a distance from the forehead, so that the temperature sensing element is used to measure the subject's forehead temperature through the opening, and the other opening of the body is adjacent to the forehead, so that the light source element and the light sensing element are The light volume signal is obtained through the opening for contacting the skin epidermis of the forehead of the subject. An ear-mounted physiological measuring instrument or an earplug-type measuring instrument, comprising the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device according to claim 1, wherein the ear-mounted physiological measuring instrument or the earplug-type measuring instrument are respectively applied to the The auricle of the subject, the opening of the body is adjacent to the auricle, so that the light source element and the light-sensing element pass through the opening for contact with or adjacent to the skin epidermis of the auricle of the subject to obtain the optical volume signal. An ear-mounted physiological measuring instrument or an earplug-type measuring instrument comprising the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device of claim 1 and the temperature sensing device including the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device of claim 6 The element, wherein the ear-hanging physiological measuring instrument or the earplug-type measuring instrument is respectively applied to the ear canal and auricle of the subject, and the body forms the opening in the ear canal, so that the temperature sensing element The temperature in the ear canal of the subject is measured through the opening, and the body forms another opening adjacent to the auricle, so that the light source element and the light sensing element are supplied through the other opening. The skin epidermis in contact with or adjacent to the auricle of the subject to obtain the photovolume signal. A portable physiological measuring instrument, comprising the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device according to claim 1, wherein the portable physiological measuring instrument is applied to the auricle of the subject, and the portable physiological The measuring instrument provides the detachable body, and when the body is moved to the subject's ear and the body is disposed on the auricle, the light source element and the light sensing element are supplied through the opening of the body. The skin epidermis in contact with or adjacent to the auricle of the subject to obtain the photovolume signal. A physiological measurement sheet, comprising the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device described in claim 1, wherein the physiological measurement sheet is applied to the skin epidermis of the subject, when the opening of the body faces the The skin epidermis, the light source element and the light sensing element pass through the opening of the body for contacting the skin epidermis of the subject to obtain the light volume signal. A glasses-type measuring instrument, comprising the microvascular physiological parameter detection and estimation device described in claim 1, wherein the glasses-type measuring instrument is applied to the ear of the subject, the opening of the body is The hole is adjacent to the auricle, so that the light source element and the light sensing element pass through the opening for contacting the skin epidermis of the auricle of the subject to obtain the light volume signal.

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