TWI620736B - 使用選擇性bcl-2抑制劑之治療方法 - Google Patents
使用選擇性bcl-2抑制劑之治療方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI620736B TWI620736B TW105100832A TW105100832A TWI620736B TW I620736 B TWI620736 B TW I620736B TW 105100832 A TW105100832 A TW 105100832A TW 105100832 A TW105100832 A TW 105100832A TW I620736 B TWI620736 B TW I620736B
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- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- chlorophenyl
- piperazin
- dimethylcyclohex
- pyridin
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Abstract
本發明係關於用選擇性抑制Bcl-2抗細胞凋亡蛋白之活性的化合物治療全身性紅斑狼瘡症、狼瘡腎炎或休格連氏症候群(Sjogren's Syndrome)之方法。特定言之,本發明係關於用選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白活性的化合物治療,該等化合物對於抑制其他BCL-2家族蛋白(包括Bcl-xL)之活性具有較少親和力。
Description
本發明係關於用選擇性抑制Bcl-2抗細胞凋亡蛋白之活性的化合物治療全身性紅斑狼瘡症、狼瘡腎炎或休格連氏症候群(Sjogren's Syndrome)之方法。特定言之,本發明係關於用選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白活性的化合物治療,該等化合物對於抑制其他Bcl-2家族蛋白(包括Bcl-xL)之活性具有較少親和力。
本申請案主張2010年11月23日申請之美國申請案第61/416,689號之權利,該案之內容以引用的方式併入本文中。
抗細胞凋亡Bcl-2蛋白與大量疾病相關。因此目前在治療技術中需要抑制抗細胞凋亡Bcl-2蛋白活性的化合物。Bcl-2蛋白家族為有核細胞中之線粒體依賴性細胞凋亡之主要調節劑且由抗細胞凋亡(Bcl-xL、Bcl-2、Bcl-w、A1、Mcl-1)及促細胞凋亡(Bak、Bax、Bid、Bim、Bad、Bik、Bmf、Noxa、Puma)成員組成。
通常,Bcl-2蛋白之表現與許多生理功能相關,包括抑制體內細胞凋亡,在某些情況下導致受Bcl-2抑制影響之細胞增殖。因此,抑制Bcl-2蛋白可減少細胞增殖,導致與治療及預防癌症相關的改良結果。
在共同擁有之PCT US 2004/36770(公開為WO 2005/049593)及PCT
US 2004/37911(公開為WO 2005/024636)中描述Bcl-2蛋白與膀胱癌、腦癌、乳癌、骨髓癌、子宮頸癌、慢性淋巴細胞白血病、結腸直腸癌、食道癌、肝細胞癌、淋巴母細胞白血病、濾泡性淋巴瘤、T細胞或B細胞起源之淋巴惡性病、黑色素瘤、骨髓性白血病、骨髓瘤、口腔癌、卵巢癌、非小細胞肺癌、前列腺癌、小細胞肺癌、脾癌及其類似疾病相關。
本發明之一個實施例係關於藉由投與治療有效量之選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白的化合物來治療全身性紅斑狼瘡症(SLE)或狼瘡腎炎之方法。選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑通常具有下式(I):
其中A1為N或CH;B1為OR1或NHR1;
Y1為CN、NO2、CF3、F或Cl;R1為(CH2)nR2;R2為環烷基或雜環基;其中雜環基及環烷基視情況經一或多個獨立地選擇之R4、OR4、OH、CN或F取代;R3為雜芳基;其中雜芳基視情況經一或多個獨立地選擇之NH2、Cl或F取代;R4為烷基、環烷基、雜環基或螺雜環基;其中烷基視情況經一或多個F取代;R5為氘;各R6係獨立地選自CH3、螺環丙基及OH;m為0、1、2、3、4、5或6;n為0或1;且p為0、1或2。
SLE或狼瘡腎炎之治療方法亦包含投與選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之醫藥學上可接受之鹽。通常,選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)小於約1奈莫耳。在另一實施例中,選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)小於約100皮莫耳。選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)亦可約小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力的500倍。在此實施例中,選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑可包括N-({5-氯-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({[(2S)-4-環丙基嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-
(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲哚-5-基)氧基]-N-({4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4,4-二氟環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-(1H-苯并咪唑-4-基氧基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氟-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-(1H-苯并咪唑-4-基氧基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-氰基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-[(3-氯-4-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}苯基)磺醯基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲哚-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲
基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氟-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({[(2R)-4-環丙基嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-氰基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-嗎啉-4-基環己基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({(3R)-1-[2-氟-1-(氟甲基)乙基]吡咯啶-3-基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-N-({5-氯-6-[(4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(反-4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[反-4-(嗎啉-4-基)環己基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}
哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-[(5-氯-6-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-嗎啉-4-基環己基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(3R)-1-(2,2-二氟乙基)吡咯啶-3-基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(順-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝
基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(3-胺基-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(2-氧螺[3.5]壬-7-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲哚-5-基)氧基]-N-{[3-硝基-4-({[4-(氧雜環丁-3-基)嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)苯基]磺醯基}苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(5-氰基-6-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-羥基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-[(3-氯-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)苯甲醯胺;4-[4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-
烯-1-基]甲基}(2H8)哌嗪-1-基]-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(6-{[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-5-硝基吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-硝基-6-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(順-4-乙基-4-羥基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;及4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲哚-5-基氧基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺。
本發明之另一實施例係關於藉由投與治療有效量之選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白的化合物來治療休格連氏症候群之方法。選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑通常具有下式(I):
其中A1為N或CH;B1為OR1或NHR1;Y1為CN、NO2、CF3、F或Cl;R1為(CH2)nR2;R2為環烷基或雜環基;其中雜環基及環烷基視情況經一或多個獨立地選擇之R4、OR4、OH、CN或F取代;R3為雜芳基;其中雜芳基視情況經一或多個獨立地選擇之NH2、Cl或F取代;R4為烷基、環烷基、雜環基或螺雜環基;其中烷基視情況經一或多個F取代;R5為氘;各R6係獨立地選自CH3、螺環丙基及OH;m為0、1、2、3、4、5或6;
n為0或1;且p為0、1或2。
休格連氏症候群之治療方法亦包含投與選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之醫藥學上可接受之鹽。通常,選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之Bcl-2結合親和力(Ki)小於約1奈莫耳。在另一實施例中,選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之Bcl-2結合親和力(Ki)小於約100皮莫耳。選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)亦可約小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力(Ki)的500倍。在此實施例中,選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑可包括N-({5-氯-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({[(2S)-4-環丙基嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)氧基]-N-({4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4,4-二氟環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-(1H-苯并咪唑-4-基氧基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氟-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環
己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-(1H-苯并咪唑-4-基氧基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-氰基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-[(3-氯-4-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}苯基)磺醯基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲哚-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氟-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({[(2R)-4-環丙基嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-氰基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-嗎啉-4-基環己基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二
甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({(3R)-1-[2-氟-1-(氟甲基)乙基]吡咯啶-3-基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-N-({5-氯-6-[(4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(反-4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[反-4-(嗎啉-4-基)環己基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-[(5-氯-6-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-
吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-嗎啉-4-基環己基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(3R)-1-(2,2-二氟乙基)吡咯啶-3-基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(順-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(3-胺基-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(2-氧螺[3.5]壬-7-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-
1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲哚-5-基)氧基]-N-{[3-硝基-4-({[4-(氧雜環丁-3-基)嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)苯基]磺醯基}苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(5-氰基-6-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-羥基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-[(3-氯-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)苯甲醯胺;4-[4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}(2H8)哌嗪-1-基]-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(6-{[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-5-硝基吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-硝基-6-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({6-[(反-4-
羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(順-4-乙基-4-羥基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;及4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲哚-5-基氧基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺。
圖1說明(A)用非選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物2)處理對淋巴細胞計數(左)及血小板計數(右)之作用以及(B)用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物1)處理對(NZBxNZW)F1小鼠之外周血液中淋巴細胞數目(左)及血小板計數(右)之作用。(C)、(D)、(E)、(F)、(G)、(H)及(I)分別進一步說明化合物1、17、5、7、8、9及12對C57BL/6小鼠之外周血液中淋巴細胞數目(左)及血小板計數(右)之作用。
圖2說明用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物3)處理小鼠對淋巴細胞及血小板之作用。特定言之,如在最後給藥之後24小時量測,圖2說明用30mg/kg及100mg/kg劑量之化合物3處理小鼠NZBWF1相較於用phosal媒劑對照物處理之作用,且亦說明化合物3之暴露。
圖3說明用各種劑量之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物3)處理之小鼠相較於用phosal媒劑處理之T細胞及B細胞減少。特定言之,圖3說明用包括30mg/kg、100mg/kg及300mg/kg劑量之化合物3處理之小鼠CD4+ T細胞、CD8+ T細胞及CD19+ B細胞之減少。
圖4說明如由(A)重度蛋白尿(PU300mg/dL)之發生率及(B)卡普蘭-邁耶(Kaplan-Meier)累積存活而評估,用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物1)處理在自發狼瘡(NZBxNZW)F1鼠模型中之功效。圖4進一步說明如由(C)重度蛋白尿(PU300mg/dL)之發生率及(D)卡普蘭-邁耶累積存
活而評估,用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物17)處理在自發狼瘡(NZBxNZW)F1鼠模型中之功效。星號表示p<0.05之統計顯著性。
圖5說明用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物1)處理以及用黴酚酸嗎啉乙酯(MMF)處理相較於媒劑對照物對抑制自發SLE模型中之抗雙鏈DNA效價產生之作用,化合物1在30mg/kg及100mg/kg下且MMF在100mg/kg下。星號表示p<0.05之統計顯著性。
圖6說明如由組織學評估所證明表明在用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物1)給藥之後,自發狼瘡腎炎小鼠腎組織之浸潤減少的代表性圖像。放大率200倍。
圖7說明用以下三個處理方案中之一者處理之腎組織之與絲球體腎炎、腎小管變化及血管周圍浸潤之組織學徵兆有關的組織學記分之變化:用媒劑處理、用30mg/kg及100mg/kg劑量之化合物1處理及用100mg/kg劑量之MMF處理。特定言之,圖7說明接受30mg/kg及100mg/kg化合物1處理之小鼠之絲球體腎炎、腎小管變化及血管周圍浸潤統計上顯著的改良。
圖8說明用phosal媒劑、30mg/kg及100mg/kg劑量之化合物1及100mg/kg劑量之MMF給藥的自發狼瘡腎炎小鼠之腎組織中之免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、B細胞及T細胞沈積。特定言之,與phosal媒劑相比,用化合物1處理之小鼠展示IgG、B細胞及T細胞之沈積減少。
圖9說明如由(A)重度蛋白尿(PU300mg/dL)之發生率及(B)卡普蘭-邁耶累積存活而評估,用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物1)、MMF及BAFFR3-Ig處理在IFNα-誘發SLE模型中之功效。星號表示p<0.05之統計顯著性。
圖10說明在用劑量在3至30mg/kg範圍中之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物1)處理的IFNα誘發(NZBxNZW)F1小鼠中相較於媒劑對照物的抗雙鏈DNA產生,如由免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量證明。
圖11說明證明在用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物1)處理之自發鼠模型小鼠之下頜下唾液腺中導管周邊浸潤減少的代表性圖像,放大率為200倍。
圖12說明用三種處理方案中之一者處理之下頜下唾液腺組織之組織學記分:用phosal媒劑處理、用10mg/kg劑量之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物1)處理;及用30mg/kg及100mg/kg劑量之化合物1處理。
本發明之方法係關於藉由投與有需要之患者治療有效量之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑治療各種疾病病況。Bcl-2表現可在與大量自體免疫病症有關之發展及疾病病況進程中起作用。Bcl-2蛋白之抑制亦可對治療包括全身性紅斑狼瘡症(SLE)、狼瘡腎炎及休格連氏症候群在內之自體免疫疾病具有積極影響。
關於免疫及自體免疫疾病中之Bcl-2蛋白描述於Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 2003,3,378-384;British Journal of Haematology 2000,110(3),584-90;Blood 2000,95(4),1283-92;及New England Journal of Medicine 2004,351(14),1409-1418中。關於關節炎中之Bcl-2蛋白揭示於共同擁有之美國臨時專利申請案第60/988,479號中。關於骨髓移植排斥中之Bcl-2蛋白揭示於共同擁有之美國專利申請案第11/941,196號中。
除非本文中另外定義,否則與本發明結合使用之科技術語應具有一般技術者通常所瞭解之含義。術語之含義及範疇應為明確的,然而若有任何潛在的含義不明確,則本文中所提供之定義優先於任何詞典或外加定義。在本申請案中,除非另外說明,否則使用「或」意謂「及/或」。此外,使用術語「包括(including)」以及其他形式(諸如「包括(includes)」及「包括(included)」)不具有限制性。關於在本專利申請案(包括申請專利範圍)中使用措辭「包含(comprise)」或「包
含(comprises)」或「包含(comprising)」,申請者表示除非本文另有規定,否則根據基礎及明確的瞭解使用彼等措辭:其應理解為包含地而非排他地,且申請者意欲在解釋本專利申請案(包括下文申請專利範圍)時均將如此理解彼等措辭中之每一者。對於在本文中任何取代基或本發明之化合物或任何其他式中出現一次以上的變數,在各情況下其定義與在所有其他情況下其定義無關。僅當取代基之組合產生穩定化合物時才可允許該等組合。穩定化合物為可自反應混合物以適用純度分離之化合物。
術語「治療(treat)」、「治療(treating)」及「治療(treatment)」係指減輕或去除疾病及/或其伴隨症狀的方法。
術語「預防(prevent)」、「預防(preventing)」及「預防(prevention)」係指預防疾病及/或其伴隨症狀發作或阻礙個體招致疾病的方法。如本文中所用,「預防(prevent)」、「預防(preventing)」及「預防(prevention)」亦包括延遲疾病及/或其伴隨症狀發作及降低個體招致疾病之風險。
術語「治療有效量」係指投與之化合物足以在一定程度上預防一或多種治療之病況或病症之症狀發展或減輕該等症狀的量。
術語「調節」係指化合物增加或減少Bcl-2蛋白之功能或活性的能力。
如本文中所用之術語「組合物」意欲涵蓋包含規定量之規定成份之產品以及直接或間接自規定量之規定成份之組合產生的任何產品。
「醫藥學上可接受」意謂載劑、稀釋劑或賦形劑必須與調配物之其他成分相容且對其接受者無害。
「個體」在本文中定義為包括動物,諸如哺乳動物,包括(但不限於)靈長類動物(例如人類)、母牛、綿羊、山羊、馬、狗、貓、兔、大鼠、小鼠及其類似動物。在適合實施例中,個體為人類。
可以本發明之方法治療的疾病病況包括由自體免疫及發炎過程(特定言之全身性紅斑狼瘡症(SLE)、狼瘡腎炎、休格連氏症候群及其組合)產生之彼等疾病病況。SLE為可影響身體任何部分之慢性全身性自體免疫疾病(或自體免疫結締組織病)。如在其他自體免疫疾病中發生,免疫系統侵襲身體細胞及組織,導致發炎及組織損傷。SLE最通常影響心臟、關節、皮膚、肺、血管、肝、腎及神經系統。因此,SLE已影響腎之疾病病況可稱為狼瘡腎炎。另外,休格連氏症候群(亦稱為「米庫利奇氏病(Mikulicz disease)」及「乾燥症候群(Sicca syndrome)」)為其中免疫細胞侵襲且破壞產生眼淚及唾液之外分泌腺之全身性自體免疫疾病。因此,罹患休格連氏症候群之患者通常充分地產生唾液及眼淚之能力降低,導致過度口腔乾燥及眼睛乾燥。因此,在一個實施例中,本發明之方法係關於治療SLE及狼瘡腎炎。在另一實施例中,本發明之方法係關於治療休格連氏症候群。
如所述,本發明之方法包含用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑治療。應注意術語「Ki」用作比較結合親和力之客觀量度。對於標靶受質具有與二級受質相比較高結合親和力之化合物,將顯示對於標靶受質之Ki值低於二級受質。此係由於與二級受質相比,化合物對於標靶受質具有較高親和力,且需要較低濃度之化合物結合至標靶受質及引發對標靶受質之作用。舉例而言,選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑對於Bcl-2蛋白具有相較於Bcl-xL蛋白之較高親和力,意謂與對Bcl-xL蛋白引發作用所需濃度相比需要較低濃度之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑來對Bcl-2蛋白引發作用。如本文中參考,陳述化合物對於Bcl-2之競爭性結合親和力(Ki)小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力(Ki)的語言應解釋為意謂化合物對於Bcl-2具有比Bcl-xL更大的選擇性親和力,如由小於對於Bcl-xL之Ki值的對於Bcl-2之Ki值證明。
特定言之,短語「選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑」係指具有以下結合親和
力(Ki)之化合物:(a)對Bcl-2小於約500奈莫耳,小於約400奈莫耳,小於約300奈莫耳,小於約200奈莫耳,小於約100奈莫耳,小於約50奈莫耳,小於約25奈莫耳,小於約10奈莫耳,小於約5奈莫耳,小於約1奈莫耳,小於約900皮莫耳,小於約800皮莫耳,小於約700皮莫耳,小於約600皮莫耳,小於約500皮莫耳,小於約400皮莫耳,小於約300皮莫耳,小於約200皮莫耳,小於約100皮莫耳,及小於約50皮莫耳;且(b)對於Bcl-2之競爭性結合親和力(Ki)小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力(Ki)至少約500倍、至少約1000倍、至少約2000倍、至少約2500倍、至少約3000倍、至少約3500倍及至少約4000倍。在本發明之某些實施例中,可用於本發明方法之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑化合物為具有對於Bcl-2小於約100皮莫耳之結合親和力(Ki)且對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)約小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力500倍,對於Bcl-2小於約100皮莫耳之結合親和力(Ki)且對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)約小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力1000倍,對於Bcl-2小於約100皮莫耳之結合親和力(Ki)且對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)約小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力2000倍,對於Bcl-2小於約100皮莫耳之結合親和力(Ki)且對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)約小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力2500倍,對於Bcl-2小於約100皮莫耳之結合親和力(Ki)且對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)約小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力3000倍,對於Bcl-2小於約100皮莫耳之結合親和力(Ki)且對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)約小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力3500倍,對於Bcl-2小於約100皮莫耳之結合親和力(Ki)且對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)約小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力4000倍的彼等化合物。
可用於本發明之方法之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑化合物通常可視為具有下式(I)之任何化合物:
其中A1為N或CH;B1為OR1或NHR1;Y1為CN、NO2、CF3、F或Cl;R1為(CH2)nR2;R2為環烷基或雜環基;其中雜環基及環烷基視情況經一或多個獨立地選擇之R4、OR4、OH、CN或F取代;R3為雜芳基;其中雜芳基視情況經一或多個獨立地選擇之NH2、Cl或F取代;R4為烷基、環烷基、雜環基或螺雜環基;其中烷基視情況經一或多個F取代;R5為氘;各R6係獨立地選自CH3、螺環丙基及OH;m為0、1、2、3、4、5或6;
n為0或1;且p為0、1或2。
選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑,諸如由式(I)涵蓋且可用於本發明方法中者之製造方法描述於2010年5月26日申請之美國專利第12/787,682號、為2009年12月4日申請之美國專利第12/631,404號之部分接續申請案的2010年6月3日申請之美國專利第12/793,418號及為2009年12月4日申請之美國專利第12/631,367號之部分接續申請案的2010年6月3日申請之美國專利第12/793,413號中,每一該等申請案之全文以引用的方式併入本文中。
關於由本發明涵蓋之各種選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑化合物,應瞭解本文中可變部分由識別符(具有數字及/或字母上標之大寫字母)表示且可具體表達。
應意欲理解,所有部分及其組合均維持適當價數,具有一個以上原子之單價部分自左至右繪出且經由其左端連接,且二價部分亦自左至右繪出。
亦意欲理解,本文中可變部分之特定實施例可能與具有相同識別符之另一特定實施例相同或不同。
如本文中所用在術語「烯基」意謂含有2至10個碳且含有至少一個碳-碳雙鍵之直鏈或分支鏈烴鏈。術語「Cx-Cy烷基」意謂含有x至y個碳原子且含有至少一個碳-碳雙鍵之直鏈或分支鏈烴鏈。術語「C2-C4烯基」意謂含有2至4個碳原子之烯基。烯基之代表性實例包括(但不限於)丁-2,3-二烯基、乙烯基、2-丙烯基、2-甲基-2-丙烯基、3-丁烯基、4-戊烯基、5-己烯基、2-庚烯基、2-甲基-1-庚烯基及3-癸烯基。
術語「伸烯基」意謂衍生自具有2至4個碳原子且含有至少一個碳-碳雙鍵之直鏈或分支鏈烴之二價基團。術語「Cx-Cy伸烷基」意謂衍生自含有至少一個碳碳雙鍵且含有x至y個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈烴鏈
之二價基團。伸烯基之代表性實例包括(但不限於)-CH=CH-及-CH2CH=CH-。
如本文中所用之術語「烷基」意謂含有1至10個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈飽和烴鏈。術語「Cx-Cy烷基」意謂含有x至y個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈飽和烴。舉例而言,「C2-C10烷基」意謂含有2至10個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈飽和烴。烷基之實例包括(但不限於)甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第二丁基、異丁基、第三丁基、正戊基、異戊基、新戊基、正己基、3-甲基己基、2,2-二甲基戊基、2,3-二甲基戊基、正庚基、正辛基、正壬基及正癸基。
術語「伸烷基」意謂衍生自具有1至10個碳原子(例如具有1至4個碳原子)之直鏈或分支鏈飽和烴鏈之二價基團。術語「Cx-Cy伸烷基」意謂衍生自含有x至y個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈飽和烴之二價基團。舉例而言,「C2-C6伸烷基」意謂含有2至6個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈飽和烴。伸烷基之實例包括(但不限於)-CH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH2CH2-及-CH2CH(CH3)CH2-。
如本文中所用之術語「炔基」意謂含有2至10個碳原子且含有至少一個碳-碳三鍵之直鏈或分支鏈烴基。術語「Cx-Cy炔基」意謂含有x至y個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈烴基。炔基之代表性實例包括(但不限於)乙炔基、1-丙炔基、2-丙炔基、3-丁炔基、2-戊炔基及1-丁炔基。
如本文所用之術語「伸炔基」意謂衍生自含有2至10個碳原子且含有至少一個碳-碳三鍵之直鏈或分支鏈烴基之二價基團。
術語「芳基」(單獨或與其他術語組合)意謂含有6至14個碳環原子之芳族碳環基。芳基可為單環或多環(亦即可能含有一個以上環)。在多環芳環情況下,僅多環系統之一個環需要為不飽和而剩餘環可為飽和、部分飽和或不飽和。芳基之實例包括苯基、萘基、茚基、茚滿基及四氫萘基。
術語「碳環基」(單獨或與其他術語組合)意謂含有3至14個碳環原子(「環原子」為一起鍵結以形成環式取代基之環的原子)之飽和環(亦即「環烷基」)、部分飽和環(亦即「環烯基」)或完全不飽和環(亦即「芳基」)烴基取代基。碳環基可為單一環(單環)或多環結構。
碳環基可為單環結構,其通常含有3至8個環原子,更通常3至6個環原子,且甚至更通常5至6個環原子。該等單環碳環基之實例包括環丙基(環丙烷基)、環丁基(環丁烷基)、環戊基(環戊烷基)、環戊烯基、環戊二烯基、環己基(環己烷基)、環己烯基、環己二烯基及苯基。碳環基或者可為多環(亦即可能含有一個以上環)。多環碳環基之實例包括橋連、稠合及螺環碳環基。在螺環碳環基中,一個原子為兩個不同環所共有。螺環碳環基取代基之實例為螺環丙基。在螺環碳環基中,一個原子為兩個不同環所共有。螺環碳環基之實例為螺戊烷基。在橋連碳環基中,環共享至少兩個共用不相鄰原子。橋連碳環基之實例包括雙環[2.2.1]庚烷基、雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-烯基及金剛烷基。在稠環碳環基系統中,兩個或兩個以上環可稠合在一起,使得兩個環共享一個共用鍵。二-或三-稠環碳環基之實例包括萘基、四氫萘基(萘滿基)、茚基、茚滿基(二氫茚基)、蒽基、菲基及十氫萘基。
如本文中所用之術語「環狀部分」意謂苯、苯基、伸苯基、環烷、環烷基、伸環烷基、環烯、環烯基、伸環烯基、環炔、環炔基、伸環炔基、雜芳烴、雜芳基、雜環烷、雜環烷基、雜環烯、雜環烯基及螺烷基。
如本文中所用之術語「伸環烷基」或「環烷基」或「環烷」意謂單環或橋連烴環系統。單環環烷基為含有三至八個碳原子、無雜原子且無雙鍵之碳環系統。單環系統之實例包括環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基及環辛基。單環可含有一或兩個伸烷基橋,各由一個、兩個或三個碳原子組成,各自鍵聯環系統之兩個不相鄰碳原
子。該等橋連環烷基環系統之非限制性實例包括雙環[3.1.1]庚烷、雙環[2.2.1]庚烷、雙環[2.2.2]辛烷、雙環[3.2.2]壬烷、雙環[3.3.1]壬烷、雙環[4.2.1]壬烷、三環[3.3.1.03,7]壬烷(八氫-2,5-甲橋并戊二烯或降金剛烷)及三環[3.3.1.13,7]癸烷(金剛烷)。單環及橋連環烷基可經由環系統內所含之任何可取代原子連接至母分子部分。
如本文中所用之術語「伸環烯基」或「環烯基」或「環烯」意謂單環或橋連烴環系統。單環環烯基具有四個、五個、六個、七個或八個碳原子且無雜原子。四員環系統具有一個雙鍵,五或六員環系統具有一個或兩個雙鍵,且七或八員環系統具有一個、兩個或三個雙鍵。單環環烯基之代表性實例包括(但不限於)環丁烯基、環戊烯基、環己烯基、環庚烯基及環辛烯基。單環環烯基環可含有一或兩個伸烷基橋,各由一個、兩個或三個碳原子組成,各自鍵聯環系統之兩個不相鄰碳原子。雙環環烯基之代表性實例包括(但不限於)4,5,6,7-四氫-3aH-茚、八氫萘基及1,6-二氫-并環戊二烯。單環及雙環環烯基可經由環系統內所含之任何可取代原子連接至母分子部分。
如本文中所用之術語「環炔」或「環炔基」或「伸環炔基」意謂單環或橋連烴環系統。單環環炔基具有八個或八個以上碳原子、無雜原子且具有一或多個三鍵。單環環炔基環可含有一或兩個伸烷基橋,各由一個、兩個或三個碳原子組成,各自鍵聯環系統之兩個不相鄰碳原子。單環及橋連環炔基可經由環系統內所含之任何可取代原子連接至母分子部分。
如本文中所用之術語「雜芳烴」或「雜芳基」或「伸雜芳基」意謂具有至少一個碳原子及一個或一個以上獨立地選擇之氮、氧或硫原子的五員或六員芳環。本發明之雜芳烴經由環中之任何相鄰原子連接,其限制條件為維持適當價數。特定言之,術語「雜芳基」(單獨或與其他術語組合)意謂含有5至14個環原子之芳族雜環基。雜芳基可
為單環或2或3稠環。雜芳基取代基之實例包括6員環取代基,諸如吡啶基、吡唑基(pyrazyl)、嘧啶基、噠嗪基及1,3,5-、1,2,4-或1,2,3-三嗪基;5員環取代基,諸如咪唑基(imidazyl)、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、噁唑基、異噁唑基、噻唑基、1,2,3-、1,2,4-、1,2,5-或1,3,4-噁二唑基及異噻唑基;6/5員稠環取代基,諸如苯并硫代呋喃基、苯并異噁唑基、苯并噁唑基、咪唑基、吲哚基、苯并咪唑基、吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶基、嘌呤基及鄰胺苯甲基(anthranilyl);及6/6員稠環,諸如苯并哌喃基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、啉基、喹唑啉基及苯并噁嗪基。
術語「雜環基」(單獨或與其他術語組合)意謂含有總共3至14個環原子之飽和(亦即「雜環烷基」)、部分飽和(亦即「雜環烯基」)或完全不飽和(亦即「雜芳基」)環狀結構。環原子中之至少一者為雜原子(亦即氧、氮或硫),其餘環原子係獨立地選自由碳、氧、氮及硫組成之群。雜環基可為單一環(單環)或多環結構。雜環基可為單環,其通常含有3至7個環原子,更通常3至6個環原子,且甚至更通常5至6個環原子。單環雜環基之實例包括呋喃基、二氫呋喃基、四氫呋喃基、四氫哌喃基、噻吩基(硫代呋喃基)、二氫噻吩基、四氫噻吩基、吡咯基、吡咯啉基、吡咯啶基、咪唑基、咪唑啉基、咪唑啶基、吡唑基、吡唑啉基、吡唑啶基、三唑基、四唑基、噁唑基、噁唑啶基、異噁唑啶基、異噁唑基、噻唑基、異噻唑基、噻唑啉基、異噻唑啉基、噻唑啶基、異噻唑啶基、噻二唑基、噁二唑基(包括1,2,3-噁二唑基、1,2,4-噁二唑基、1,2,5-噁二唑基(呋呫基)或1,3,4-噁二唑基)、噁三唑基(包括1,2,3,4-噁三唑基或1,2,3,5-噁三唑基)、氧雜環丁烷基、二噁唑基(包括1,2,3-二噁唑基、1,2,4-二噁唑基、1,3,2-二噁唑基或1,3,4-二噁唑基)、氧噻唑基、氧硫唑基、氧硫雜環戊烷基、哌喃基、二氫哌喃基、硫代哌喃基、四氫硫代哌喃基、吡啶基(吖嗪基)、哌啶基、二吖嗪基(包括噠嗪基(1,2-二吖嗪基)、嘧啶基(1,3-二吖嗪基)或吡嗪基(1,4-
二吖嗪基))、哌嗪基、三嗪基(包括1,3,5-三嗪基、1,2,4-三嗪基及1,2,3-三嗪基)、噁嗪基(包括1,2-噁嗪基、1,3-噁嗪基或1,4-噁嗪基)、噁噻嗪基(包括1,2,3-噁噻嗪基、1,2,4-噁噻嗪基、1,2,5-噁噻嗪基或1,2,6-噁噻嗪基)、噁二嗪基(包括1,2,3-噁二嗪基、1,2,4-噁二嗪基、1,4,2-噁二嗪基或1,3,5-噁二嗪基)、嗎啉基、氮呯基、氧呯基、噻呯基(thiepinyl)及二氮呯基。
雜環基或者可為多環(亦即可能含有一個以上環)。多環雜環基之實例包括橋式、稠合及螺環雜環基。在螺環雜環基中,一個原子為兩個不同環所共有。螺環雜環基之實例包括2-氧螺[3.5]壬烷基。在橋連雜環基中,環共享至少兩個共用不相鄰原子。在稠環雜環基中,兩個或兩個以上環可稠合在一起,使得兩個環共享一個共用鍵。含有兩個或三個環之稠環雜環基之實例包括吲哚嗪基、哌喃并吡咯基、4H-喹嗪基、嘌呤基、啶基、吡咯并[2,3-b]-吡啶基、吡啶并吡啶基(包括吡啶并[3,4-b]-吡啶基、吡啶并[3,2-b]-吡啶基或吡啶并[4,3-b]-吡啶基)及喋啶基。稠環雜環基之其他實例包括苯并稠合雜環基,諸如吲哚基、吲唑基、異吲哚基(異苯并唑基、假異吲哚基)、假吲哚基(indoleninyl)(假吲哚基(pseudoindolyl))、異吲唑基(苯并吡唑基)、苯并咪唑基、苯并吖嗪基(包括喹啉基(1-苯并嗪基)或異喹啉基(2-苯并嗪基))、酞嗪基、喹喏啉基、喹唑啉基、苯并二嗪基(包括啉基(1,2-苯并二嗪基)或喹唑啉基(1,3-苯并二嗪基))、苯并哌喃基(包括烷基或異烷基)、苯并噁嗪基(包括1,3,2-苯并噁嗪基、1,4,2-苯并噁嗪基、2,3,1-苯并噁嗪基或3,1,4-苯并噁嗪基)及苯并異噁嗪基(包括1,2-苯并異噁嗪基或1,4-苯并異噁嗪基)。
術語「雜環烷基」(單獨或與其他術語組合)意謂飽和雜環基。
如本文中所用之術語「雜環烯」或「雜環烯基」或「伸雜環烯基」意謂含有至少一個獨立地選自由O、N及S組成之群的雜原子及一
或多個雙鍵之單環或橋連三、四、五、六、七或八員環。單環及橋連雜環烯經由環內所含之任何可取代碳原子或任何可取代氮原子連接至母分子部分。雜環中之氮及硫雜原子可視情況被氧化,且氮原子可視情況被四級化。雜環烯基之代表性實例包括(但不限於)四氫氧辛因基(tetrahydrooxocinyl)、1,4,5,6-四氫嗒嗪基、1,2,3,6-四氫吡啶基、二氫哌喃基、咪唑啉基、異噻唑啉基、噁二唑啉基、異噁唑啉基、噁唑啉基、哌喃基、吡唑啉基、吡咯啉基、噻二唑啉基、噻唑啉基及硫代哌喃基。
如本文中所用之術語「伸苯基」意謂自苯基移除一個氫原子所形成之二價基團。
如本文中所用之術語「螺烷基」意謂兩端與相同碳原子連接之伸烷基且例示為C2-螺烷基、C3-螺烷基、C4-螺烷基、C5-螺烷基、C6-螺烷基、C7-螺烷基、C8-螺烷基、C9-螺烷基及其類似基團。
如本文中所用之術語「螺雜烷基」意謂具有一或兩個CH2部分經獨立地選擇之O、C(O)、CNOH、CNOCH3、S、S(O)、SO2或NH置換及一或兩個CH部分未經置換或經N置換的螺烷基。
如本文中所用之術語「螺雜烯基」意謂具有一或兩個CH2部分經獨立地選擇之O、C(O)、CNOH、CNOCH3、S、S(O)、SO2或NH置換及一或兩個CH部分未經置換或經N置換的螺烯基,且亦意謂具有一或兩個CH2部分未經置換或經獨立地選擇之O、C(O)、CNOH、CNOCH3、S、S(O)、SO2或NH置換及一或兩個CH部分經N置換的螺烯基。
如本文中所用之術語「螺環」意謂同一碳原子上之兩個取代基與其所連接之碳原子一起形成環烷、雜環烷、環烯或雜環烯環。
如本文中所用之術語「C2-C5螺烷基」意謂C2-螺烷基、C3-螺烷基、C4-螺烷基及C5-螺烷基。
如本文中所用之術語「C2螺烷基」意謂兩端置換同一CH2部分之氫原子的1,2-伸乙基。
如本文中所用之術語「C3螺烷基」意謂兩端置換同一CH2部分之氫原子的1,3-伸丙基。
如本文中所用之術語「C4螺烷基」意謂兩端置換同一CH2部分之氫原子的1,4-伸丁基。
如本文中所用之術語「C5螺烷基」意謂兩端置換同一CH2部分之氫原子的1,5-伸戊基。
如本文中所用之術語「C6螺烷基」意謂兩端置換同一CH2部分之氫原子的1,6-伸己基。
如本文中所用之術語「NH保護基」意謂三氯乙氧羰基、三溴乙氧羰基、苯甲氧羰基、對硝基苯甲羰基、鄰溴苯甲氧羰基、氯乙醯基、二氯乙醯基、三氯乙醯基、三氟乙醯基、苯乙醯基、甲醯基、乙醯基、苯甲醯基、第三戊氧羰基、第三丁氧羰基、對甲氧基苯甲氧羰基、3,4-二甲氧基苯甲基-氧羰基、4-(苯偶氮基)苯甲氧羰基、2-呋喃甲基-氧羰基、二苯基甲氧羰基、1,1-二甲基丙氧基-羰基、異丙氧羰基、酞醯基、丁二醯基、丙胺醯基、白胺醯基、1-金剛烷氧羰基、8-喹啉氧羰基、苯甲基、二苯甲基、三苯甲基、2-硝基苯硫基、甲烷磺醯基、對甲苯磺醯基、N,N-二甲胺基亞甲基、苯亞甲基、2-羥基苯亞甲基、2-羥基-5-氯苯亞甲基、2-羥基-1-萘基-亞甲基、3-羥基-4-吡啶基亞甲基、亞環己基、2-乙氧羰基亞環己基、2-乙氧羰基亞環戊基、2-乙醯基亞環己基、3,3-二甲基-5-氧基亞環己基、二苯基磷醯基、二苯甲基磷醯基、5-甲基-2-側氧基-2H-1,3-二氧雜環戊烯-4-基-甲基、三甲基矽烷基、三乙基矽烷基及三苯基矽烷基。
如本文中所用之術語「C(O)OH保護基」意謂甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、正丁基、第三丁基、苯基、萘基、苯
甲基、二苯甲基、三苯甲基、對硝基苯甲基、對甲氧基苯甲基、雙(對甲氧苯基)甲基、乙醯基甲基、苯甲醯基甲基、對硝基苯甲醯基甲基、對溴苯甲醯基甲基、對甲烷磺醯基苯甲醯基甲基、2-四氫哌喃基2-四氫呋喃基、2,2,2-三氯乙基、2-(三甲基矽烷基)乙基、乙醯氧基甲基、丙醯氧基甲基、特戊醯氧甲基、鄰苯二醯亞胺基甲基、丁二醯亞胺基甲基、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、甲氧基甲基、甲氧基乙氧基甲基、2-(三甲基矽烷基)乙氧基甲基、苯甲氧基甲基、甲硫基甲基、2-甲硫基乙基、苯硫基甲基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙烯基、3-甲基-3-丁烯基、烯丙基、三甲基矽烷基、三乙基矽烷基、三異丙基矽烷基、二乙基異丙基矽烷基、第三丁基二甲基矽烷基、第三丁基二苯基矽烷基、二苯甲基矽烷基及第三丁基甲氧苯基矽烷基。
如本文中所用之術語「OH或SH保護基」意謂苯甲氧羰基、4-硝基苯甲氧羰基、4-溴苯甲氧羰基、4-甲氧基苯甲氧羰基、3,4-二甲氧基苯甲氧羰基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、第三丁氧羰基、1,1-二甲基丙氧羰基、異丙氧羰基、異丁氧羰基、二苯基甲氧羰基、2,2,2-三氯乙氧羰基、2,2,2-三溴乙氧羰基、2-(三甲基矽烷基)乙氧基羰基、2-(苯磺醯基)乙氧羰基、2-(三苯基磷鎓基)乙氧羰基(2-(triphenylphosphonio)ethoxycarbonyl)、2-呋喃甲氧羰基、1-金剛烷氧羰基、乙烯氧羰基、烯丙氧羰基、S-苯甲基硫羰基、4-乙氧基-1-萘氧羰基、8-喹啉氧羰基、乙醯基、甲醯基、氯乙醯基、二氯乙醯基、三氯乙醯基、三氟乙醯基、甲氧基乙醯基、苯氧基乙醯基、特戊醯基、苯甲醯基、甲基、第三丁基、2,2,2-三氯乙基、2-三甲基矽烷基乙基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙烯基、3-甲基-3-丁烯基、烯丙基、苯甲基(苯基甲基)、對甲氧基苯甲基、3,4-二甲氧基苯甲基、二苯甲基、三苯甲基、四氫呋喃基、四氫哌喃基、四氫硫代哌喃基、甲氧基甲基、甲硫基甲基、苯甲氧基甲基、2-甲氧基乙氧基甲基、2,2,2-三氯-乙氧基甲
基、2-(三甲基矽烷基)乙氧基甲基、1-乙氧基乙基、甲烷磺醯基、對甲苯磺醯基、三甲基矽烷基、三乙基矽烷基、三異丙基矽烷基、二乙基異丙基矽烷基、第三丁基二甲基矽烷基、第三丁基二苯基矽烷基、二苯甲基矽烷基及第三丁基甲氧苯基矽烷基。
若取代基稱為「經取代」,則非氫基代替取代基之碳或氮上之氫基。因此,舉例而言,經取代之烷基取代基為其中至少一個非氫基代替烷基取代基上之氫基的烷基取代基。舉例說明,單氟烷基為經一個氟基取代之烷基,且二氟烷基為經兩個氟基取代之烷基。應瞭解若取代基上有一個以上取代,則除非另作說明,否則各非氫基可為相同或不同。
若取代基稱為「視情況經取代」,則取代基可為(1)未經取代或(2)經取代。若取代基稱為視情況經至多特定數目之非氫基取代,則取代基可(1)未經取代;或(2)經至多彼特定數目之非氫基取代或經至多取代基上可取代位置之最大數目的非氫基取代,即兩個數目中之一較小者。因此,舉例而言,若取代基稱為視情況經至多3個非氫基取代之雜芳基,則具有少於3個可取代位置之任何雜芳基應視情況經數目至多僅與雜芳基具有之可取代位置數相同的非氫基取代。舉例說明,四唑基(其僅具有一個可取代位置)將視情況經至多一個非氫基取代。進一步舉例說明,若胺基氮稱為視情況經至多2個非氫基取代,則一級胺基氮將視情況經至多2個非氫基取代,而二級胺基氮將視情況經至多僅1個非氫基取代。
本專利申請案可互換地使用術語「取代基」及「基」。
如所述,本發明之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑化合物涵蓋用於式(I)化合物類之取代基之所有可能組合。屬於本發明之範疇內之化合物之適合實例包括(但不限於)N-({5-氯-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌
嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({[(2S)-4-環丙基嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)氧基]-N-({4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4,4-二氟環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-(1H-苯并咪唑-4-基氧基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氟-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-(1H-苯并咪唑-4-基氧基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-氰基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-[(3-氯-4-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}苯基)磺醯基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-
N-({5-氰基-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲哚-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氟-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({[(2R)-4-環丙基嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-氰基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-嗎啉-4-基環己基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({(3R)-1-[2-氟-1-(氟甲基)乙基]吡咯啶-3-基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-N-({5-氯-6-[(4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(反-4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-
胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[反-4-(嗎啉-4-基)環己基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-[(5-氯-6-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-嗎啉-4-基環己基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(3R)-1-(2,2-二氟乙基)吡咯啶-3-基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯
苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(順-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(3-胺基-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(2-氧螺[3.5]壬-7-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲哚-5-基)氧基]-N-{[3-硝基-4-({[4-(氧雜環丁-3-基)嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)苯基]磺醯基}苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(5-氰基-6-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧
基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-羥基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-[(3-氯-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)苯甲醯胺;4-[4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}(2H8)哌嗪-1-基]-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(6-{[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-5-硝基吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-硝基-6-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(順-4-乙基-4-羥基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;及4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲哚-5-基氧基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺。上述化合物每一者及此等化合物之製造方法描述於2010年5月26日申請之美國專利第12/787,682號、為2009年12月4日申請之美國專利第12/631,404號之部分接續申請案的2010年6月3日申請之美國專利第12/793,418號
及為2009年12月4日申請之美國專利第12/631,367號之部分接續申請案的2010年6月3日申請之美國專利第12/793,413號中,每一該等案之全文以引用的方式併入本文中。
用於本發明方法之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑化合物亦可包括具有式(I)之化合物之醫藥學上可接受之鹽。如本文中所用之短語「醫藥學上可接受之鹽」意謂本發明之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之對於投與患者安全及有效且並不不利地影響化合物之治療品質的彼等鹽。醫藥學上可接受之鹽包括存在於本發明化合物中之酸性或鹼性基團之鹽。醫藥學上可接受之酸加成鹽包括(但不限於)鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、氫碘酸鹽、硝酸鹽、硫酸鹽、硫酸氫鹽、磷酸鹽、酸式磷酸鹽、異菸鹼酸鹽、乙酸鹽、乳酸鹽、水楊酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、泛酸鹽、酸式酒石酸鹽、抗壞血酸鹽、丁二酸鹽、順丁烯二酸鹽、龍膽酸鹽、反丁烯二酸鹽、葡糖酸鹽、葡糖醛酸鹽(glucaronate)、葡糖二酸鹽、甲酸鹽、苯甲酸鹽、麩胺酸鹽、甲烷磺酸鹽、乙烷磺酸鹽、苯磺酸鹽、對甲苯磺酸鹽及雙羥萘酸鹽(亦即1,1'-亞甲基-雙-(2-羥基-3-萘甲酸鹽))鹽類。本發明之某些化合物可與各種胺基酸形成醫藥學上可接受之鹽。適合鹼式鹽包括(但不限於)鋁、鈣、鋰、鎂、鉀、鈉、鋅及二乙醇胺鹽類。對於醫藥學上可接受之鹽之評述參見Berge等人,66 J.Pharm.Sci.,.1-19(1977),其以全文引用的方式併入本文中。
用於本發明方法之化合物亦可包含幾何異構體。本發明化合物可含有呈E或Z組態之碳碳雙鍵或碳氮雙鍵,其中術語「E」表示較高次序(higher order)的取代基在碳碳或碳氮雙鍵之相對側且術語「Z」表示較高次序的取代基在碳碳或碳氮雙鍵之同一側,如根據坎-殷高-普利洛優先法則(Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Priority Rule)確定。本發明化合物亦可以「E」及「Z」異構體之混合物形式存在。環烷基或雜環烷基周圍之取代基被命名為順式或反式組態。此外,本發明涵蓋由金剛烷
環系統周圍之取代基排列產生之各種異構體及其混合物。在金剛烷環系統內之單環周圍之兩個取代基被命名為Z或E相對組態。關於實例,參見C.D.Jones,M.Kaselj,R.N.Salvatore,W.J.le Noble J.Org.Chem.1998,63,2758-2760及E.L.Eliel及S.H.Wilen.(1994)Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds.New York,NY:John Wiley & Sons,Inc。
選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑化合物亦可含有呈R或S組態之不對稱取代碳原子,其中術語「R」及「S」由IUPAC 1974 Recommendations for Section E,Fundamental Stereochemistry,Pure Appl.Chem.(1976)45,13-10定義。具有等量R及S組態的具有不對稱取代碳原子的化合物在彼等碳原子處為外消旋。具有一個組態過量於其他組態之原子被指定為以較高量存在之組態,該過量為約85%至90%、過量為約95%至99%或過量為大於約99%。因此,本發明包括外消旋混合物、相對及絕對立體異構體及相對及絕對立體異構體之混合物。
用於本發明方法之含有NH、C(O)OH、OH或SH部分之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑化合物可具有與其連接之前藥形成部分。前藥形成部分係由代謝過程移除,且活體內釋放具有游離羥基、胺基或羧酸之化合物。前藥適用於調節化合物之藥物動力學性質,諸如溶解性及/或疏水性、胃腸道中之吸收、生物可用性、組織穿透性及清除速率。
用於各種實施例之化合物亦可以含有一或多個原子質量或質量數不同於天然最常見原子質量或質量數的原子之同位素標記或同位素增濃形式存在。同位素可為放射性或非放射性同位素。諸如氫、碳、磷、硫、氟、氯及碘之原子的同位素包括(但不限於)2H、3H、13C、14C、15N、18O、32P、35S、18F、36Cl及125I。含有此等及/或其他原子之其他同位素之化合物屬於本發明之範疇內。
在另一實施例中,經同位素標記之化合物含有氘(2H)、氚(3H)或
14C同位素。本發明經同位素標記之化合物可由為一般技術者所熟知之通用方法製備。該等經同位素標記之化合物宜由執行在本文所揭示之實例及流程中揭示之程序藉由用可易得到的經同位素標記之試劑取代無標記試劑來製備。在一些情況下,化合物可用經同位素標記之試劑處理以使正常原子交換為其同位素,例如可在諸如D2SO4/D2O之含氘酸作用下用氘交換氫。除以上所述之外,例如在Lizondo,J等人,Drugs Fut,21(11),1116(1996);Brickner,S J等人,J Med Chem,39(3),673(1996);Mallesham,B等人,Org Lett,5(7),963(2003);PCT公開案WO 1997010223、WO 2005099353、WO 1995007271、WO 2006008754;美國專利第7538189、7534814、7531685、7528131、7521421、7514068、7511013號;及美國專利申請公開案第20090137457、20090131485、20090131363、2009011823820090111840、20090105338、20090105307、20090105147、20090093422、20090088416及20090082471號中揭示相關程序及中間體,該等方法係以引用的方式併入本文中。
經同位素標記之本發明化合物可用作在結合分析中測定Bcl-2抑制劑之有效性的標準物。含有同位素之化合物已用於醫藥研究中以藉由評估未經同位素標記之母化合物之作用機制及代謝途徑來研究化合物之活體內代謝結果(Blake等人,J.Pharm.Sci.64,3,367-391(1975))。該等代謝研究在設計安全有效之治療藥物中為重要的,因為投與患者之活體內活性化合物經證明為有毒或致癌的或因為母化合物所產生之代謝物經證明為有毒或致癌的(Foster等人,Advances in Drug Research第14卷,第2至36頁,Academic press,London,1985;Kato等人,J.Labelled Comp.Radiopharmaceut.,36(10):927-932(1995);kushner等人,Can.J.Physiol.Pharmacol.,77,79-88(1999))。
此外,含非放射性同位素之藥物(諸如稱為「重藥(heavy drug)」之氘化藥物)可用於治療與Bcl-2活性相關之疾病及病況。使化合物中存在之同位素量增加至其天然豐度以上稱為增濃。增濃之量之實例包括約0.5、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、12、16、21、25、29、33、37、42、46、50、54、58、63、67、71、75、79、84、88、92、96至約100mol%。以重同位素置換至多約15%之正常原子已在哺乳動物(包括齧齒動物及狗)中實現且維持數天至數週之時間,觀測到之不良影響最少(Czajka D M及Finkel A J,Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci.1960 84:770;Thomson J F,Ann.New York Acad.Sci 1960 84:736;Czakja D M等人,Am.J.Physiol.1961 201:357)。發現用氘在人類體液(human fluid)中劇烈置換高達15%至23%不導致毒性(Blagojevic N等人「Dosimetry & Treatment Planning for Neutron Capture Therapy」,Zamenhof R,Solares G及Harling O編1994.Advanced Medical Publishing,Madison Wis.第125至134頁;Diabetes Metab.23:251(1997))。
藥物之穩定同位素標記可改變其物理化學性質,諸如pKa及脂質溶解度。若同位素取代影響配體-受體相互作用所涉及之區域,則此等作用及改變可影響藥物分子之藥效反應。雖然穩定的經同位素標記之分子之一些物理性質不同於未標記分子之物理性質,但化學及生物性質相同,其中一個重要例外為:因為重同位素之質量增加,所以任何涉及重同位素及另一原子之鍵強於輕同位素與彼原子之間的相同鍵。因此,相對於無同位素的化合物,在代謝或酶轉化位點處併入同位素將減緩該等反應,從而可能改變藥物動力學型態或功效。
本方法亦可併入前藥形式之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑化合物。前藥為活性藥物之衍生物,經設計以改善某些鑑定的不當物理或生物學性質。物理性質通常有關於溶解度(過高或不足之脂質溶解度或水溶性)
或穩定性,而成問題的生物性質包括過於迅速的代謝或不良生物可用性(其自身可與物理化學性質有關)。通常藉由以下製備前藥:a)形成活性藥物之酯、半酯、碳酸酯、硝酸酯、醯胺、氧肟酸、胺基甲酸酯、亞胺、曼尼希鹼(Mannich base)、磷酸鹽、磷酸酯及烯胺,b)用偶氮、醣苷、肽及醚官能基使藥物官能化,c)使用藥物之縮醛胺、半縮醛胺、聚合物、鹽、錯合物、磷醯胺、縮醛、半縮醛及縮酮形式。舉例而言,參見Andrejus Korolkovas`s,「Essentials of Medicinal Chemistry」,John Wiley-Interscience Publications,John Wiley及Sons,New York(1988),第97至118頁,該文獻以全文引用的方式併入本文中。
此外,本發明之方法可包括藉由例如至少一種選自以下之模式投與具有式(I)之化合物:非經腸、皮下、肌內、靜脈內、關節內、支氣管內、腹內、囊內、軟骨內、腔內、體腔內(intracelial)、小腦內、腦室內、結腸內、宮頸內、胃內、肝內、心肌內、骨內、骨盆內、心包內、腹膜內、胸膜內、前列腺內、肺內、直腸內、腎內、視網膜內、脊椎內、滑膜內、胸腔內、子宮內、膀胱內、大丸劑(bolus)、經陰道、經直腸、頰內、舌下、鼻內及經皮。
如上所述,本發明之「治療有效量」係指投與之化合物足以在一定程度上預防一或多種治療之病況或病症之症狀發展或減輕該等症狀的量。具有式(I)之化合物之治療有效量視治療接受者、所治療之病症及其嚴重程度、含有化合物之組合物、投藥時間、投藥途徑、治療持續時間、化合物效能、其清除速率及是否共同投與另一藥物而定。通常,本發明之方法包括投與約0.001mg/kg至約1000mg/kg範圍內之劑量的選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑。在一個實施例中,方法包括投與約0.01mg/kg至約500mg/kg範圍內之劑量的選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑。在另一實施例中,方法包括投與約0.1mg/kg至約300mg/kg範圍內之劑量的選
擇性Bcl-2抑制劑。
與本領域內當前已知之方法相比,本發明方法已說明改良治療諸如SLE、狼瘡腎炎及休格連氏症候群之疾病病況之功效,因為本文中所揭示之化合物可選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白。Bcl-2蛋白家族為一組對許多發育及自動調節功能(諸如細胞凋亡(漸進式細胞死亡))具有調節作用之蛋白質。Bcl-2家族包括包括Bcl-xL及Bcl-w之其他蛋白質。然而,抑制Bcl-xL蛋白已展示對血小板計數具有不良影響,在某些情況下導致血小板減少。具有式(I)之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑化合物已展示相較於其他Bcl-2家族蛋白(諸如Bcl-xL及Bcl-w)對於Bcl-2之較高結合親和力(如由較低Ki值證明)。因此,本發明之方法提供抑制Bcl-2蛋白同時降低與Bcl-xL及Bcl-w抑制有關之不良影響之風險的優勢。對於各種蛋白之結合親和力量測為Ki值,其表示抑制生理過程或化合物(諸如蛋白質)50%所需化合物之量。用於本發明方法之選擇性Bcl-2化合物通常具有以下結合親和力(Ki):對Bcl-2小於約1微莫耳、小於約500奈莫耳,小於約400奈莫耳,小於約300奈莫耳,小於約200奈莫耳,小於約100奈莫耳,小於約50奈莫耳,小於約25奈莫耳,小於約10奈莫耳,小於約5奈莫耳,小於約1奈莫耳,小於約900皮莫耳,小於約800皮莫耳,小於約700皮莫耳,小於約600皮莫耳,小於約500皮莫耳,小於約400皮莫耳,小於約300皮莫耳,小於約200皮莫耳及小於約100皮莫耳。
用於本發明方法之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑在比結合至Bcl-xL且在其上引發反應所需之濃度低得多的濃度下選擇性結合至Bcl-2蛋白且在其上引發反應。因此,當投與患者選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑時,抑制劑更傾於抑制Bcl-2而非Bcl-xL。用於本發明方法之選擇性抑制劑對於Bcl-2之競爭性結合親和力(Ki)傾向於小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力的至少約500倍、至少約1000倍、至少約2000倍、至少約2500倍、至少約
3000倍、至少約3500倍及至少約4000倍。因此,即使在低濃度(亦即皮莫耳濃度)下,選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑亦將結合至Bcl-2蛋白且抑制Bcl-2蛋白。
此外,本發明之方法包括在存在或不存在賦形劑下投與具有式(I)之化合物。賦形劑包括例如囊封材料或添加劑,諸如吸收促進劑、抗氧化劑、黏合劑、緩衝劑、塗佈劑、著色劑、稀釋劑、崩解劑、乳化劑、增量劑、填充劑、調味劑、保濕劑、潤滑劑、香料、防腐劑、推進劑、釋放劑、滅菌劑、甜味劑、增溶劑、濕潤劑及其混合物。
用於製備欲以固體劑型經口投與之包含式(I)化合物之組合物的賦形劑包括例如瓊脂、褐藻酸、氫氧化鋁、苯甲醇、苯甲酸苯甲酯、1,3-丁二醇、卡波姆(carbomer)、蓖麻油、纖維素、乙酸纖維素、可可脂、玉米澱粉、玉米油、棉籽油、交聯聚維酮、二甘油酯、乙醇、乙基纖維素、月桂酸乙酯、油酸乙酯、脂肪酸酯、明膠、胚芽油、葡萄糖、甘油、落花生油(groundnut oil)、羥丙基甲基纖維素、異丙醇、等張鹽水、乳糖、氫氧化鎂、硬脂酸鎂、麥芽、甘露糖醇、單酸甘油酯、橄欖油、花生油(peanut oil)、磷酸鉀鹽、馬鈴薯澱粉、聚維酮、丙二醇、林格氏溶液(Ringer's solution)、紅花子油、芝麻油、接甲基纖維素鈉、磷酸鈉鹽、月桂基硫酸鈉、山梨糖醇鈉、大豆油、硬脂酸、硬脂醯基反丁烯二酸鹽、蔗糖、界面活性劑、滑石、黃耆膠、四氫糠醇、三酸甘油酯、水及其混合物。用於製備欲以液體劑型經眼或經口投與之包含本發明式(I)化合物之組合物的賦形劑包括例如1,3-丁二醇、蓖麻油、玉米油、棉籽油、乙醇、脫水山梨糖醇之脂肪酸酯、胚芽油、落花生油、甘油、異丙醇、橄欖油、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、芝麻油、水及其混合物。用於製備欲以滲透方式投與之包含本發明式(I)化合物之組合物的賦形劑包括例如氯氟烴、乙醇、水及其混合物。用於製備欲非經腸投與之包含本發明式(I)化合物之組合物的賦形
劑包括例如1,3-丁二醇、蓖麻油、玉米油、棉籽油、右旋糖、胚芽油、落花生油、脂質體、油酸、橄欖油、花生油、林格氏溶液、紅花子油、芝麻油、大豆油、U.S.P.或等張氯化鈉溶液、水及其混合物。用於製備欲經直腸或經陰道投與之包含本發明式(I)化合物之組合物的賦形劑包括例如可可脂、聚乙二醇、蠟及其混合物。
本發明之方法涵蓋單獨或與其他治療產品組合投與選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之方法。許多蛋白質已與一般自體免疫及發炎性反應有關聯。因此,可能合併選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑與能夠改變與一般自體免疫及發炎性反應有關聯之其他蛋白質功能的化合物。與自體免疫及發炎性反應有關之蛋白之實例包括C5、CCL1(I-309)、CCL11(嗜酸性粒細胞趨化因子)、CCL13(mcp-4)、CCL15(MIP-1d)、CCL16(HCC-4)、CCL17(TARC)、CCL18(PARC)、CCL19、CCL2(mcp-1)、CCL20(MIP-3a)、CCL21(MIP-2)、CCL23(MPIF-1)、CCL24(MPIF-2/嗜酸性粒細胞趨化因子-2)、CCL25(TECK)、CCL26、CCL3(MIP-1a)、CCL4(MIP-1b)、CCL5(RANTES)、CCL7(mcp-3)、CCL8(mcp-2)、CXCL1、CXCL10(IP-10)、CXCL11(I-TAC/IP-9)、CXCL12(SDF1)、CXCL13、CXCL14、CXCL2、CXCL3、CXCL5(ENA-78/LIX)、CXCL6(GCP-2)、CXCL9、IL13、IL8、CCL13(mcp-4)、CCR1、CCR2、CCR3、CCR4、CCR5、CCR6、CCR7、CCR8、CCR9、CX3CR1、IL8RA、XCR1(CCXCR1)、IFNA2、IL10、IL13、IL17C、IL1A、IL1B、IL1F10、IL1F5、IL1F6、IL1F7、IL1F8、IL1F9、IL22、IL5、IL8、IL9、LTA、LTB、MIF、SCYE1(內皮單核細胞-活化細胞激素)、SPP1、TNF、TNFSF5、IFNA2、IL10RA、IL10RB、IL13、IL13RA1、IL5RA、IL9、IL9R、ABCF1、BCL6、C3、C4A、CEBPB、CRP、ICEBERG、IL1R1、IL1RN、IL8RB、LTB4R、TOLLIP、FADD、IRAK1、IRAK2、MYD88、NCK2、TNFAIP3、
TRADD、TRAF1、TRAF2、TRAF3、TRAF4、TRAF5、TRAF6、ACVR1、ACVR1B、ACVR2、ACVR2B、ACVRL1、CD28、CD3E、CD3G、CD3Z、CD69、CD80、CD86、CNR1、CTLA4、CYSLTR1、FCER1A、FCER2、FCGR3A、GPR44、HAVCR2、OPRD1、P2RX7、TLR2、TLR3、TLR4、TLR5、TLR6、TLR7、TLR8、TLR9、TLR10、BLR1、CCL1、CCL2、CCL3、CCL4、CCL5、CCL7、CCL8、CCL11、CCL13、CCL15、CCL16、CCL17、CCL18、CCL19、CCL20、CCL21、CCL22、CCL23、CCL24、CCL25、CCR1、CCR2、CCR3、CCR4、CCR5、CCR6、CCR7、CCR8、CCR9、CX3CL1、CX3CR1、CXCL1、CXCL2、CXCL3、CXCL5、CXCL6、CXCL10、CXCL11、CXCL12、CXCL13、CXCR4、GPR2、SCYE1、SDF2、XCL1、XCL2、XCR1、AMH、AMHR2、BMPR1A、BMPR1B、BMPR2、C19orf10(IL27w)、CER1、CSF1、CSF2、CSF3、DKFZp451J0118、FGF2、GFI1、IFNA1、IFNB1、IFNG、IGF1、IL1A、IL1B、IL1R1、IL1R2、IL2、IL2RA、IL2RB、IL2RG、IL3、IL4、IL4R、IL5、IL5RA、IL6、IL6R、IL6ST、IL7、IL8、IL8RA、IL8RB、IL9、IL9R、IL10、IL10RA、IL10RB、IL11、IL11RA、IL12A、IL12B、IL12RB1、IL12RB2、IL13、IL13RA1、IL13RA2、IL15、IL15RA、IL16、IL17、IL17R、IL18、IL18R1、IL19、IL20、KITLG、LEP、LTA、LTB、LTB4R、LTB4R2、LTBR、MIF、NPPB、PDGFB、TBX21、TDGF1、TGFA、TGFB1、TGFB1I1、TGFB2、TGFB3、TGFBI、TGFBR1、TGFBR2、TGFBR3、TH1L、TNF、TNFRSF1A、TNFRSF1B、TNFRSF7、TNFRSF8、TNFRSF9、TNFRSF11A、TNFRSF21、TNFSF4、TNFSF5、TNFSF6、TNFSF11、VEGF、ZFPM2、RNF110(ZNF144)、FGF家族、PLGF、DLL4及NPR-1。
應瞭解本發明可單獨或與另一藥劑(例如治療劑)組合使用,另一藥劑係由熟習此項技術者出於其預定目的來選擇。舉例而言,另一藥劑可為在此項技術中公認為適用於治療由本發明治療之疾病或病況的治療劑。另一藥劑亦可為賦予治療組合物有益屬性的藥劑,例如影響組合物黏度之藥劑。
此外應瞭解包括在本發明內之組合為包含用本文中所描述之選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑及一或多種其他治療劑治療之彼等組合。
治療自體免疫性及發炎疾病之組合為非類固醇消炎藥(亦稱為NSAID),其包括如布洛芬(ibuprofen)之藥物。其他組合為包括去氫皮質醇之皮質類固醇;當以本發明組合治療患者時,類固醇使用之熟知副作用可藉由逐漸減少所需類固醇劑量來降低或甚至消除。可與本發明合併的用於狼瘡之治療劑之非限制性實例包括以下:細胞激素抑制消炎藥(CSAID);其他人類細胞激素或生長因子(例如TNF、LT、IL-1、IL-2、IL-3、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-7、IL-8、IL-9、IL-10、IL-12、IL-13、IL-15、IL-16、IL-17A、IL-17F、IL-18、IL-21、IL-22、IL-23、IL-25、IL-33)之抗體或拮抗劑;干擾素(例如α、β、γ等)、Tweak、BAFF/BLyS、April、趨化因子。本發明可與細胞表面分子或其配體(包括CD154(gp39或CD40L))之抗體合併,該等分子諸如CD2、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD16、CD19、CD20、CD22、CD25、CD28、CD30、CD32、CD40、CD45、CD47、CD52、CD54、CD64、CD69、CD72、CD79、CD80(B7.1)、CD86(B7.2)、CD90、CD100、CD200、CTLA、ICOS-1、B7RP、BR3、TACI、BCMA。
本發明亦可與諸如以下藥劑合併:黴酚酸嗎啉乙酯(MMF)、環磷醯胺(cytoxan)、硼替佐米(Bortezomib)、甲胺喋呤(methotrexate)、6-MP、硫唑嘌呤(azathioprine)柳氮磺吡啶(sulphasalazine)、美沙拉秦(mesalazine)、奧沙拉秦氯奎寧(olsalazine chloroquinine)/羥氯奎寧
(hydroxychloroquine)、青黴胺、硫代蘋果酸鈉(aurothiomalate)(肌內及口服)、硫唑嘌呤、秋水仙鹼、皮質類固醇(口服、吸入及局部注射)、選擇性糖皮質激素受體調節劑(SGRM)、β-2腎上腺素受體促效劑(beta-2 adrenoreceptor agonist)(沙丁胺醇、特布他林(terbutaline)、沙美特羅(salmeterol))、黃嘌呤(茶鹼、胺茶鹼)、色甘酸鹽、奈多羅米(nedocromil)、酮替芬(ketotifen)、異丙托銨及氧托銨、環孢素、FK506、雷帕黴素(rapamycin)、黴酚酸嗎啉乙酯(mycophenolate mofetil)、來氟米特(leflunomide)、NSAID(例如布洛芬(ibuprofen))、皮質類固醇(諸如去氫皮質醇)、磷酸二酯酶抑制劑、腺苷促效劑、抗血栓形成劑、補體抑制劑、腎上腺素劑、藉由促發炎性細胞激素(諸如TNF-α或IL-1)干擾信號傳導之藥劑(例如IRAK、NIK、IKK、p38或MAP激酶抑制劑)、IL-1β轉化酶抑制劑、Jak抑制劑、btk抑制劑、syk抑制劑、PKC家族抑制劑、TNF轉化酶(TACE)抑制劑、T細胞信號傳導抑制劑(諸如激酶抑制劑、金屬蛋白酶抑制劑)、柳氮磺胺吡啶(sulfasalazine)、硫唑嘌呤、6-巰基嘌呤、血管緊張素轉化酶抑制劑、可溶性細胞激素受體及其衍生物(例如可溶性p55或p75 TNF受體及衍生物p75TNFRIgG(恩博TM(EnbrelTM)及p55TNFRIgG(來那西普(Lenercept))、sIL-1RI、sIL-1RII、sIL-6R、消炎細胞激素(例如IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、IL-11、IL12、IL-13、IL-17、IL-18、IL-33及TGFβ)、塞內昔布(celecoxib)、葉酸、羥氯奎寧硫酸鹽、羅非昔布(rofecoxib)、依那西普(etanercept)、英利昔單抗(infliximab)、萘普生(naproxen)、伐地昔布(valdecoxib)、柳氮磺胺吡啶、甲潑尼龍(methylprednisolone)、美洛昔康(meloxicam)、甲潑尼龍乙酸鹽、硫代蘋果酸金鈉(gold sodium thiomalate)、阿司匹林(aspirin)、曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide)、丙氧芬(propoxyphene)萘磺酸鹽/apap、葉酸鹽、萘丁美酮(nabumetone)、雙氯芬酸(diclofenac)、吡羅昔康
(piroxicam)、依託度酸(etodolac)、雙氯芬酸鈉、噁丙嗪、羥考酮(oxycodone)鹽酸鹽、重酒石酸二氫可待因酮(hydrocodone bitartrate)/apap、雙氯芬酸鈉/米索前列醇(misoprostol)、芬太尼(fentanyl)、阿那白滯素(anakinra)、人類重組、曲馬多(tramadol)鹽酸鹽、雙水楊酯、舒林酸(sulindac)、氰鈷胺/fa/吡哆醇、乙醯胺苯酚、阿侖膦酸鈉(alendronate sodium)、去氫皮質醇、硫酸嗎啡、利度卡因(lidocaine)鹽酸鹽、吲哚美辛(indomethacin)、葡糖胺硫(glucosamine sulf)/軟骨素、阿米曲替林(amitriptyline)鹽酸鹽、磺胺嘧啶(sulfadiazine)、羥考酮(oxycodone)鹽酸鹽/乙醯胺苯酚、奧洛他定(olopatadine)鹽酸鹽、米索前列醇、萘普生鈉、奧美拉唑(omeprazole)、環磷醯胺、利妥昔單抗(rituximab)、IL-1 TRAP、MRA、CTLA4-IG、IL-18 BP、抗IL-18、抗IL15、BIRB-796、SCIO-469、VX-702、AMG-548、VX-740、羅氟司特、IC-485、CDC-801及美索普蘭(Mesopram)。組合包括甲胺喋呤或來氟米特、環孢黴素(cyclosporine)及S1P促效劑。
本發明可合併的用於SLE(狼瘡)及狼瘡腎炎之治療劑之實例包括以下:NSAID,例如雙氯芬酸、萘普生、布洛芬、吡羅昔康、吲哚美辛;COX2抑制劑,例如塞內昔布、羅非昔布、伐地昔布;抗瘧疾劑,例如羥氯奎寧;類固醇,例如強的松(prednisone)、去氫皮質醇、布替耐德(budenoside)、地塞米松(dexamethasone);細胞毒素,例如硫唑嘌昤、環磷醯胺、黴酚酸嗎啉乙酯、甲胺喋呤;PDE4之抑制劑或嘌昤合成抑制劑,例如驍悉(Cellcept)。併入本發明之方法之結合蛋白亦可與諸如以下藥劑合併:柳氮磺胺吡啶、5-胺基水楊酸、奧沙拉秦、Imuran及干擾促發炎性細胞激素(諸如IL-1及IL-1ra)之合成、產生或作用之藥劑,例如卡斯蛋白酶抑制劑,如IL-1β轉化酶抑制劑。本發明亦可與T細胞信號傳導抑制劑(例如酪胺酸激酶抑制劑)
或標靶T細胞活化分子之分子(例如CTLA-4-IgG或抗B7家族抗體、抗PD-1家族抗體)一起使用。本發明可與IL-11或抗細胞激素抗體(例如芳妥珠單抗(抗IFNg抗體)、抗干擾素α)或抗受體抗體(例如抗IL-6受體抗體及B細胞表面分子之抗體)合併。本發明亦可與HMGB1、HDGF之抑制劑一起使用。本發明亦可與Toll樣受體(toll receptor)1、2、3、4、7及9之抑制劑一起使用。本發明亦可與樹突狀細胞製造者BDCA-1、2及3之抑制劑一起使用。本發明亦可與促進調節T細胞功能之藥劑一起使用。本發明亦可與以下一起使用:LJP 394(阿貝莫司(abetimus))、抑制補體(例如抗C5、抗C5a)、消耗B細胞或使B細胞失活(例如利妥昔單抗(抗CD20抗體)、里福斯特(lymphostat)-B(抗BlyS抗體)、抗CD22)之藥劑、TNF拮抗劑(例如抗TNF抗體、阿達木單抗(Adalimumab)(PCT公開案第WO 97/29131號;HUMIRA)、CA2(雷米卡德(REMICADE))、CDP 571、TNFR-Ig構築體(p75TNFRIgG(恩博)及p55TNFRIgG(來那西普))及其他Bcl-2家族成員(諸如Bcl-xL、Mcl-1、A-1等)之抑制劑。
可與選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑組合的用以治療休格連氏症候群之治療劑之實例包括(但不限於)人造淚液、環孢黴素、西維美林(cevimeline)、毛果芸香素、NSAID、皮質類固醇、免疫抑制劑、疾病緩解性抗風濕藥(DMARD),諸如甲胺喋呤及羥氯奎寧。
亦可能合併選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑與結合蛋白以進一步改良化合物至所要作用位點。在一個實施例中,如藉由表面電漿共振量測,用於本發明方法之結合蛋白對一或多個標靶具有選自由以下組成之群的締合速率常數(Kon):至少約102M-1s-1;至少約103M-1s-1;至少約104M-1s-1;至少約105M-1s-1;及至少約106M-1s-1。在一實施例中,如藉由表面電漿共振量測,本發明之結合蛋白對一或多個標靶具有介於102M-1s-1與103M-1s-1之間;103M-1s-1與104M-1s-1之間;104M-1s-1與105M-1s-1
之間;或105M-1s-1與106M-1s-1之間的締合速率常數(Kon)。
在另一實施例中,如藉由表面電漿共振量測,結合蛋白對一或多個標靶具有選自由以下組成之群的解離速率常數(Koff):至多約10-3s-1;至多約10-4s-1;至多約10-5s-1;及至多約10-6s-1。在一實施例中,如藉由表面電漿共振量測,本發明之結合蛋白對一或多個標靶具有10-3s-1至10-4s-1;10-4s-1至10-5s-1;或10-5s-1至10-6s-1之解離速率常數(Koff)。
在另一實施例中,結合蛋白對一或多個標靶具有選自由以下組成之群的解離常數(KD):至多約10-7M;至多約10-8M;至多約10-9M;至多約10-10M;至多約10-11M;至多約10-12M;及至多10-13M。在一實施例中,本發明之結合蛋白對其標靶具有10-7M至10-8M;10-8M至10-9M;10-9M至10-10M;10-10M至10-11M;10-11M至10-12M;或10-12M至10-13M的解離常數(KD)。
在另一態樣中,結合蛋白為包含結合蛋白及選自由以下組成之群之藥劑的結合物:免疫黏附分子、顯影劑、治療劑及細胞毒性劑。顯影劑之實例包括放射性標記、酶、螢光標記、發光標記、生物發光標記、磁性標記及生物素。放射性標記之實例包括3H、14C、35S、90Y、99Tc、111In、125I、131I、177Lu、166Ho及153Sm。在另一實施例中,治療劑或細胞毒性劑係選自由以下組成之群:抗代謝物、烷基化劑、抗生素、生長因子、細胞激素、抗血管生成劑、抗有絲分裂劑、蒽環黴素(anthracycline)、毒素及細胞凋亡劑。
在另一態樣中,結合蛋白為結晶結合蛋白,例如無載體醫藥控制釋放晶體。在另一實施例中,結晶結合蛋白具有比結合蛋白之可溶性對應物更大的活體內半衰期。在另一實施例中,結晶結合蛋白保留生物活性。
在另一實施例中,本文中所描述之結合蛋白經糖基化。舉例而言,糖基化為人類糖基化模式。
本發明之另一態樣係關於編碼本文中所揭示之結合蛋白中任一者的經分離核酸。另一實施例提供包含本文中所揭示之經分離核酸的載體,其中載體係選自由以下組成之群:pcDNA;pTT(Durocher等人,Nucleic Acids Research 2002,第30卷,第2期);pTT3(具有額外多選殖位點之pTT);pEFBOS(Mizushima,S.及Nagata,S.,(1990)Nucleic Acids Research第18卷,第17期);pBV;pJV;pcDNA3.1 TOPO;pEF6 TOPO及pBJ。在一實施例中,載體為美國專利申請案第61/021,282號中揭示之載體。
在另一態樣中,宿主細胞以本文中所揭示之載體轉型。在一實施例中,宿主細胞為原核細胞。在另一實施例中,宿主細胞為大腸桿菌(E.Coli)。在相關實施例中,宿主細胞為真核細胞。在另一實施例中,真核細胞係選自由以下組成之群:原生生物細胞、動物細胞、禽細胞、植物細胞及真菌細胞。在另一實施例中,宿主細胞為哺乳動物細胞,包括(但不限於)CHO、COS;NS0、SP2、PER.C6;或真菌細胞,諸如釀酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae);或昆蟲細胞,諸如Sf9。
本發明之另一態樣提供製備本文中所揭示之結合蛋白的方法,該方法包含在足以製備結合蛋白的條件下在培養基中培養任一種亦在本文中揭示之宿主細胞。在一實施例中,藉由此方法製備的50%至75%之結合蛋白為雙重特異性四價結合蛋白。在一特定實施例中,藉由此方法製備的75%至90%之結合蛋白為雙重特異性四價結合蛋白。在一特定實施例中,所製備的90%至95%之結合蛋白為雙重特異性四價結合蛋白。
一個實施例提供用於釋放結合蛋白之組合物,其中組合物包含調配物,該調配物又包含如本文中所揭示之結晶結合蛋白,及一種成分,及至少一種高分子載體。舉例而言,高分子載體為選自由以下組
成之群之一或多者的聚合物:聚(丙烯酸)、聚(氰基丙烯酸酯)、聚(胺基酸)、聚(酐)、聚(縮肽)、聚(酯)、聚(乳酸)、聚(乳酸-共-乙醇酸)或PLGA、聚(b-羥基丁酸酯)、聚(己內酯)、聚(二氧雜環己酮)、聚(乙二醇)、聚((羥丙基)甲基丙烯醯胺)、聚[(有機)磷氮烯]、聚(原酸酯)、聚(乙烯醇)、聚(乙烯吡咯啶酮)、順丁烯二酸酐-烷基乙烯基醚共聚物、普洛尼克多元醇(pluronic polyol)、白蛋白、海藻酸鹽、纖維素及纖維素衍生物、膠原蛋白、血纖維蛋白、明膠、玻尿酸、寡醣、甘胺基聚糖、硫酸化多醣、其摻合物及共聚物。舉例而言,成分係選自由以下組成之群:白蛋白、蔗糖、海藻糖、乳糖醇、明膠、羥丙基-β-環糊精、甲氧基聚乙二醇及聚乙二醇。另一實施例提供用於治療哺乳動物之方法,該方法包含向該哺乳動物投與有效量之本文中所揭示之組合物的步驟。
本發明亦提供包含本文中所揭示之結合蛋白及醫藥學上可接受之載劑的醫藥組合物。在另一實施例中,醫藥組合物包含至少一種用於治療病症之其他治療劑。舉例而言,其他劑係選自由以下組成之群:治療劑、顯影劑、細胞毒性劑、血管生成抑制劑(包括(但不限於)抗VEGF抗體或VEGF-trap)、激酶抑制劑(包括(但不限於)KDR及TIE-2抑制劑)、協同刺激分子阻斷劑(包括(但不限於)抗B7.1、抗B7.2、CTLA4-Ig、抗CD20)、黏附分子阻斷劑(包括(但不限於)抗LFA-1抗體、抗E/L選擇素抗體、小分子抑制劑)、抗細胞激素抗體或其功能片段(包括(但不限於)抗IL-18、抗TNF、及抗IL-6/細胞激素受體抗體)、甲胺喋呤、環孢素、雷帕黴素、FK506、可偵測標記物或報導體、TNF拮抗劑、抗風濕劑、肌肉鬆弛劑、麻醉劑、非類固醇消炎藥(NSAID)、止痛劑、麻醉劑、鎮靜劑、局部麻醉劑、神經肌肉阻斷劑、抗微生物劑、抗牛皮癬劑、皮質類固醇、同化類固醇、紅血球生成素、免疫、免疫球蛋白、免疫抑制劑、生長激素、激素置換藥物、
放射性藥物、抗抑鬱劑、抗精神病藥、興奮劑、哮喘藥物、β促效劑、吸入類固醇、腎上腺素或類似物、細胞激素及細胞激素拮抗劑。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供治療罹患病症之患者的方法,其包含在投與本文中所述之第二藥劑之前、同時或之後投與本文中所揭示之任一結合蛋白的步驟。在一特定實施例中,第二藥劑係選自由以下組成之群:布替耐德、表皮生長因子、皮質類固醇、環孢素、柳氮磺胺吡啶、胺基水楊酸鹽、6-巰基嘌呤、硫唑嘌呤、甲硝噠唑(metronidazole)、脂質加氧酶抑制劑、美沙拉嗪、奧沙拉秦、巴柳氮(balsalazide)、抗氧化劑、凝血脂素抑制劑、IL-1受體拮抗劑、抗IL-1β mAb、抗IL-6或IL-6受體mAb、生長因子、彈性蛋白酶抑制劑、吡啶基-咪唑化合物、TNF、LT、IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、IL-7、IL-8、IL-12、IL-13、IL-15、IL-16、IL-18、IL-23、EMAP-II、GM-CSF、FGF及PDGF之抗體或促效劑、CD2、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD19、CD25、CD28、CD30、CD40、CD45、CD69、CD90或其配體之抗體、甲胺喋呤、環孢素、FK506、雷帕黴素、黴酚酸嗎啉乙酯、來氟米特、NSAID、布洛芬、皮質類固醇、去氫皮質醇、磷酸二酯酶抑制劑、腺苷促效劑、抗血栓劑、補體抑制劑、腎上腺素激導劑、IRAK、NIK、IKK、p38、MAP激酶抑制劑、IL-1β轉化酶抑制劑、TNFα轉化酶抑制劑、T細胞信號傳導抑制劑、金屬蛋白酶抑制劑、柳氮磺胺吡啶、硫唑嘌呤、6-巰基嘌呤、血管緊張素轉化酶抑制劑、可溶性細胞激素受體、可溶性p55 TNF受體、可溶性p75 TNF受體、sIL-1RI、sIL-1RII、sIL-6R、消炎性細胞激素、IL-4、IL-10、IL-11、IL-13及TGFβ。
本發明之一態樣提供針對至少一種本發明結合蛋白的至少一種抗個體基因型抗體。抗個體基因型抗體包括含有如下分子之任何蛋白質或肽,該分子包含免疫球蛋白分子之至少一部分,諸如(但不限於)重
鏈或輕鏈之至少一個互補決定區(CDR)或其配體結合部分、重鏈或輕鏈可變區、重鏈或輕鏈恆定區、構架區或其可併入本發明之結合蛋白中的任何部分。
本發明之結合蛋白可單獨或組合使用以治療該等疾病。應瞭解,結合蛋白可單獨或與另一藥劑(例如治療劑)組合使用,另一藥劑係由熟習此項技術者出於其預定目的來選擇。舉例而言,另一藥劑可為技術公認為適用於治療由本發明抗體治療之疾病或病況之治療劑。另一藥劑亦可為賦予治療組合物有益屬性的藥劑,例如影響組合物黏度之藥劑。
應進一步瞭解,將包括在本發明內之組合為適用於其預定目的之彼等組合。以下陳述之藥劑係出於說明性目的且不意欲具限制性。作為本發明之部分的組合可為本發明之抗體及至少一種選自以下清單之其他藥劑。組合亦可包括一種以上其他藥劑,例如兩種或三種其他藥劑,只要組合使得所形成之組合物可執行其預定功能即可。
治療自體免疫性及發炎疾病之組合為非類固醇消炎藥(亦稱為NSAID),其包括如布洛芬之藥物。其他組合為包括去氫皮質醇之皮質類固醇;當與本發明之DVD Ig組合治療患者時,類固醇使用之熟知副作用可藉由逐漸減少所需類固醇劑量來降低或甚至消除。可與本發明之抗體或抗體部分合併的用於類風濕性關節炎之治療劑之非限制性實例包括以下:細胞激素抑制消炎藥(CSAID);其他人類細胞激素或生長因子之抗體或拮抗劑,例如TNF、LT、IL-1、IL-2、IL-3、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-7、IL-8、IL-15、IL-16、IL-18、IL-21、IL-23、干擾素、EMAP-II、GM-CSF、FGF及PDGF。併入本發明方法之結合蛋白或其抗原結合部分可與細胞表面分子或其配體(包括CD154(gp39或CD40L))之抗體合併,該等分子諸如CD2、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD25、CD28、CD30、CD40、CD45、CD69、CD80(B7.1)、
CD86(B7.2)、CD90、CTLA。
治療劑之組合可在自體免疫及隨後發炎性級聯之不同點處干擾;實例包括TNF拮抗劑,如嵌合、人類化或人類TNF抗體、阿達木單抗(WO 97/29131)、CA2(雷米卡德TM)、CDP 571及可溶性p55或p75 TNF受體、其衍生物(p75TNFR1gG(恩博TM)或p55TNFR1gG(來那西普))以及TNFα轉化酶(TACE)抑制劑;IL-1抑制劑(介白素-1-轉化酶抑制劑、IL-1RA等)可因為相同理由類似地有效。其他組合包括介白素11。另一組合包括自體免疫反應之主要參與者,其可平行於IL-12功能、依賴於IL-12功能或與IL-12功能協力作用;尤其IL-18拮抗劑包括IL-18抗體或可溶性IL-18受體或IL-18結合蛋白。已展示IL-12與IL-18具有重疊但不相同之功能且兩者之拮抗劑之組合可最有效。另一組合為非消耗性抗CD4抑制劑。其他組合包括協同刺激路徑CD80(B7.1)或CD86(B7.2)之拮抗劑,包括抗體、可溶性受體或拮抗性配體。
併入本發明之方法之結合蛋白亦可與以下藥劑合併:諸如甲胺喋呤、6-MP、硫唑嘌呤柳氮磺吡啶、美沙拉秦、奧沙拉秦氯奎寧/羥氯奎寧、青黴胺、硫代蘋果酸鈉(肌內及口服)、硫唑嘌呤、秋水仙鹼、皮質類固醇(口服、吸入及局部注射)、β-2腎上腺素受體促效劑(沙丁胺醇、特布他林、沙美特羅)、黃嘌呤(茶鹼、胺茶鹼)、色甘酸鹽、奈多羅米、酮替芬、異丙托銨及氧托銨、環孢素、FK506、雷帕黴素、黴酚酸嗎啉乙酯、來氟米特、NSAID(例如布洛芬)、皮質類固醇(諸如去氫皮質醇)、磷酸二酯酶抑制劑、腺苷促效劑、抗血栓劑、補體抑制劑、腎上腺素劑、藉由促發炎性細胞激素(諸如TNF-α或IL-1)干擾信號傳導之藥劑(例如IRAK、NIK、IKK、p38或MAP激酶抑制劑)、IL-1β轉化酶抑制劑、TNFα轉化酶(TACE)抑制劑、T細胞信號傳導抑制劑(諸如激酶抑制劑、金屬蛋白酶抑制劑)、柳氮磺胺吡啶、硫唑嘌呤、6-巰基嘌呤、血管緊張素轉化酶抑制劑、可溶性細胞激素受體及
其衍生物(例如可溶性p55或p75 TNF受體及衍生物p75TNFRIgG(恩博TM及p55TNFRIgG(來那西普))、sIL-1RI、sIL-1RII、sIL-6R、消炎細胞激素(例如IL-4、IL-10、IL-11、IL-13及TGFα)、塞內昔布、葉酸、羥氯奎寧硫酸鹽、羅非昔布、依那西普、英利昔單抗、萘普生、伐地昔布、柳氮磺胺吡啶、甲潑尼龍、美洛昔康、甲潑尼龍乙酸鹽、硫代蘋果酸金鈉、阿司匹林、曲安奈德、丙氧芬萘磺酸鹽/apap、葉酸鹽、萘丁美酮、雙氯芬酸、吡羅昔康、依託度酸、雙氯芬酸鈉、噁丙嗪、羥考酮鹽酸鹽、重酒石酸二氫可待因酮/apap、雙氯芬酸鈉/米索前列醇、芬太尼、阿那白滯素、人類重組、曲馬多鹽酸鹽、雙水楊酯、舒林酸、氰鈷胺/fa/吡哆醇、乙醯胺苯酚、阿侖膦酸鈉、去氫皮質醇、硫酸嗎啡、利度卡因鹽酸鹽、吲哚美辛、葡糖胺硫/軟骨素、阿米曲替林鹽酸鹽、磺胺嘧啶、羥考酮鹽酸鹽/乙醯胺苯酚、奧洛他定鹽酸鹽、米索前列醇、萘普生鈉、奧美拉唑、環磷醯胺、利妥昔單抗、IL-1 TRAP、MRA、CTLA4-IG、IL-18 BP、抗IL-18、抗IL15、BIRB-796、SCIO-469、VX-702、AMG-548、VX-740、羅氟司特、IC-485、CDC-801及美索普蘭。組合包括甲胺喋呤或來氟米特,且在中度或重度類風濕性關節炎情形下,包括環孢黴素。
併入本發明方法之結合蛋白可合併的用於SLE(狼瘡)及狼瘡腎炎之治療劑之實例包括以下:NSAID,例如雙氯芬酸、萘普生、布洛芬、吡羅昔康、吲哚美辛;COX2抑制劑,例如塞內昔布、羅非昔布、伐地昔布;抗瘧疾劑,例如羥氯奎寧;類固醇,例如強的松、去氫皮質醇、布替耐德、地塞米松;細胞毒素,例如硫唑嘌呤、環磷醯胺、黴酚酸嗎啉乙酯、甲胺喋呤;PDE4之抑制劑或嘌呤合成抑制劑,例如驍悉。併入本發明之方法之結合蛋白亦可與諸如以下藥劑合併:柳氮磺胺吡啶、5-胺基水楊酸、奧沙拉秦、Imuran及干擾促發炎性細胞激素(諸如IL-1及IL-1ra)之合成、產生或作用之藥劑,例如卡
斯蛋白酶抑制劑,如IL-1β轉化酶抑制劑。併入本發明方法的結合蛋白亦可與T細胞信號傳導抑制劑(例如酪胺酸激酶抑制劑)或標靶T細胞活化分子之分子(例如CTLA-4-IgG或抗B7家族抗體、抗PD-1家族抗體)一起使用。併入本發明方法的結合蛋白可與IL-11或抗細胞激素抗體(例如芳妥珠單抗(抗IFNg抗體))或抗受體抗體(例如抗IL-6受體抗體及B細胞表面分子之抗體)合併。本發明之抗體或其抗原結合部分亦可與以下一起使用:LJP 394(阿貝莫司);消耗B細胞或使B細胞失活之藥劑,例如利妥昔單抗(抗CD20抗體)、里福斯特-B(抗BlyS抗體);TNF拮抗劑,例如抗TNF抗體、阿達木單抗(PCT公開案第WO 97/29131號;HUMIRA)、CA2(雷米卡德)、CDP 571、TNFR-Ig構築體(p75TNFRIgG(恩博)及p55TNFRIgG(來那西普));及Bcl-2抑制劑,由於已證實Bcl-2在轉殖基因小鼠內過度表現產生狼瘡樣表型(參見Marquina,Regina等人,Journal of Immunology(2004),172(11),7177-7185),因此預期抑制具有治療效果。
本發明之醫藥組合物可包括「治療有效量」或「預防有效量」之本發明結合蛋白。「治療有效量」係指在必需劑量下及在必需時間內有效獲得所需治療結果的量。結合蛋白之治療有效量可由熟習此項技術者確定且可根據諸如疾病病況、個體之年齡、性別及體重以及結合蛋白在個體中引發所要反應之能力的因素而變化。治療有效量亦為抗體或抗體部分之治療有益作用超過任何毒性或有害作用的量。「預防有效量」係指在必需劑量下且在必需時間內有效獲得所需預防結果之量。通常,因為預防劑量係在疾病之前或在疾病早期階段時用於個體,所以預防有效量將小於治療有效量。
可調整劑量方案以提供最佳所需反應(例如治療或預防反應)。舉例而言,可投與單一大丸劑;可隨時間投與若干分次劑量;或可按治療情況之緊急需要指示按比例減小或增大劑量。出於投藥簡易性及劑
量均一性考慮,將非經腸組合物調配成單位劑型尤其有利。如本文中所用之單位劑型係指適宜以整體劑量用於待治療之哺乳動物個體的物理個別單位;每一單位含有與所需醫藥載劑締合經計算將產生所需治療效果之預定量的活性化合物。本發明之單位劑型的規格係由以下因素決定且直接視以下因素而定:(a)活性化合物之獨特特徵及欲獲得之特定治療或預防效果;及(b)混配該活性化合物以治療個體敏感性之技術內之固有限制。
本發明之結合蛋白之治療或預防有效量的例示性非限制性範圍為0.1至20mg/kg,例如1至10mg/kg。應注意劑量值可隨將減輕之病況之類型及嚴重程度而變化。應進一步瞭解,對於任何特定個體而言,特定劑量方案應根據個體需要及投與組合物或監督組合物投與之人士的專業判斷隨著時間加以調整,且本文中所述之劑量範圍僅為例示性的,而不意欲限制所主張之組合物的範疇或實踐。
熟習此項技術者將易於瞭解,本文中所描述之本發明方法的其他適合修改及改變顯而易知且可使用不脫離本發明之範疇之適合等效物或本文中所揭示之實施例進行。現已詳細描述本發明,參考下列實例將更清楚理解本發明,該等實例僅出於說明之目的包括在內且不意欲限制本發明。
為了測試對於Bcl-2受體之選擇性結合親和力,進行某些選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之活體外測試且與非選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑比較。特定言之,將兩種化合物:4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺(以下「化合物1」,選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑);及N-(4-(4-((2-(4-氯苯基)-5,5-二甲基-1-環
己-1-烯-1-基)甲基)哌嗪-1-基)苯甲醯基)-4-(((1R)-3-(嗎啉-4-基)-1-((苯硫基)甲基)丙基)胺基)-3-((三氟甲基)磺醯基)苯磺醯胺(以下「化合物2」,非選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑)引入經工程改造而依賴於Bcl-2(FL5.12-Bcl-2)或Bcl-xL(FL5.12-Bcl-xL)存活的鼠(FL5.12)細胞中。此等化合物以及其他化合物在表1A中列出。亦將此等化合物及表1A中之其他化合物引入人類腫瘤細胞株中,該等細胞株先前已證實主要依賴於Bcl-2(RS4;11)或Bcl-xL(H146)存活,且量測化合物之作用。如藉由時差式螢光共振能量轉移(TR FRET)所量測,進行各化合物之結合親和力之比較以測定標靶親和力。如藉由EC50值量測,亦進行測試以測定所有化合物的抑制至少50%標靶蛋白所需之有效濃度(參考WO 2010/138588A2)。表1A中之化合物之活體外測試結果提供於以下表1B中:
如表1B中所說明,在競爭性結合分析中,化合物1對於Bcl-2具有皮莫耳親和力,但對於Bcl-xL具有低大於4000倍之親和力。與Bcl-xL相比,對於Bcl-2之顯著更大親和力表明選擇性結合親和力。另外,化合物1有效地殺傷FL5.12-Bcl-2細胞(EC50=4nM),但對FL5.12-Bcl-xL細胞展現弱得多的活性(EC50=261nM),進一步表明對於Bcl-2之功能選擇性。另外,化合物1有效地殺傷RS4;11細胞(EC50=12nM),但對H146細胞展現弱得多的活性(EC50=3600nM),進一步表明對於Bcl-2之功能選擇性。亦如表1B中展示,其他化合物展示之對Bcl-2的選擇性結合親和力優於Bcl-xL及其他Bcl-2家族蛋白。其他化合物亦抑制Bcl-2依賴性細胞株優於抑制Bcl-xL依賴性細胞株。化合物1之細胞抑制及殺傷呈現細胞凋亡性細胞死亡之特點,包括迅速的細胞色素c釋放、卡斯蛋白酶-3及-7活化及膜磷脂醯絲胺酸(PS)外翻(externalization)。化合物1細胞殺傷具有卡斯蛋白酶依賴性且可藉由泛卡斯蛋白酶抑制劑z-VAD-fmk除去。當基因除去Bax及Bak(主要下游效應子)時,細胞殺傷完全受抑制。此等資料表明化合物1在依賴於Bcl-2存活之細胞中有效及選擇性地干擾Bcl-2蛋白-蛋白相互作用且誘發基於機制之細胞死亡。
在此項技術內已知抑制Bcl-2家族蛋白之某些成員可誘發劑量限制性血小板減少。認為嚴重地限制一些非選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑對於自體免疫適應症之治療用途的劑量限制性血小板減少係由於Bcl-xL之抑制(參見Mason,K.D.等人,Programmed anuclear cell death delimits platelet life span.CELL,2007.128(6):第1173-86頁)。因此,在
(NZBxNZW)F1小鼠中評估Bcl-2選擇性/Bcl-xL防護(sparing)化合物1對於外周血液免疫細胞及血小板之作用。用化合物1(每天1至100mg/kg,經口)處理小鼠四天且用Cell Dyn血液學分析儀量測細胞數目。如圖1B中所示,與對照物相比,化合物1導致淋巴細胞之劑量依賴性降低而維持正常血小板計數。如圖1A中所示,化合物2亦導致淋巴細胞減少,但導致血小板計數顯著減少。此等資料與活體外選擇性型態一致且分別強調Bcl-2對於淋巴細胞存活及Bcl-xL對於血小板存活之主要作用。資料亦確定淋巴球減少為化合物1之適宜機械生物標記物。
亦在C57BL/6小鼠中評估Bcl-2選擇性/Bcl-xL防護化合物對於外周血液免疫細胞之作用。用個別化合物(每天100mg/kg,經口)處理小鼠四天且用Cell Dyn血液學分析儀量測細胞數目。如表2中所示,在單次100mg/kg之口服劑量之後及在4次100mg/kg之口服劑量之後,用所有化合物處理皆導致淋巴細胞減少。
如在(NZBxNZW)F1小鼠中所評估,進行實驗以評估其他選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑化合物4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲哚-5-基氧基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺(以下「化合物3」)對於免疫細胞及血小板之作用。用化合物3(每天30mg/kg及100mg/kg之劑量,藉由腹膜內注射投與)處理小鼠四天且用Cell Dyn血液學分析儀量測細胞數目。在最後給藥之後24小時計算化合物之暴露。此實驗之結果在圖2及3中說明。如圖2中所示,與phosal媒劑對照物相比,化合物3導致淋巴細胞之劑量依賴性降低而維持正常血小板計數。特定言之,30mg/kg及100mg/kg劑量之化合物3分別導致淋巴細胞減少47%及66%,而不顯著影響血小板計數。此外,圖3說明對於包含100mg/kg及300mg/kg之化合物3之劑量,CD4+ T細胞、CD8+ T細胞及CD19+ B細胞統計上顯著減少。因此,此等藥效學研究說明化合物3(選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑)有效地減少淋巴細胞而無與非選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑有關之不良影響的能力。
為了證明化合物1及化合物17對於人類SLE或狼瘡腎炎為可行治療劑,在自發狼瘡(NZBxNZW)F1鼠模型中進行實驗。(參見Liu,K.及C.Mohan,What do mouse models teach us about human SLE?Clin Immunol,2006.119(2):第123-30頁)。此模型已關於與人類SLE之彼
等病理生理變化類似之病理生理變化充分特性化。其展現雌性更易發病及IgG抗雙鏈DNA抗體之高血清效價(其為人類SLE之特點),同時伴隨腎IgG沈積。如在大部分人類SLE患者中,腎組織病理學變化包括重度絲球體腎炎、腎小球膜及外周增生性變化、毛細管膜增厚、腎小管萎縮及淋巴細胞及單核細胞/巨噬細胞之浸潤。此等變化導致腎功能破壞(如藉由由白蛋白條狀物(stick)測得大於300mg/dL之重度蛋白尿(PU)證明),隨後死亡(如由存活所量測)。已展示狼瘡腎炎之兩個臨床基準MMF及環磷醯胺可降低自體抗體效價、改良腎病理學、延遲重度蛋白尿之發作且延長此等動物之存活。(參見Gelfand,M.C.及A.D.Steinberg,Therapeutic studies in NZB-W mice.II.Relative efficacy of azathioprine cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone.Arthritis Rheum,1972.15(3):第247-52頁;及Ramos,M.A.等人,Modulation of autoantibody production by mycophenolate mofetil:effects on the development of SLE in(NZBxNZW)F1 mice.Nephrol Dial Transplant,2003.18(5):第878-83頁)。
(NZBxNZW)F1雌性係購自The Jackson Laboratory(Bar Harbor,Maine,USA)且在整個實驗期間保持於習知動物安置設施中。在25週大(NZBxNZW)F1小鼠中量測抗雙鏈DNA且在26週大時將動物分為不同處理組(N=14至18/組)且每天投與1至100mg/kg之範圍中之口服劑量的化合物1或化合物17,或100mg/kg劑量之黴酚酸嗎啉乙酯(MMF)。每週監測蛋白尿(PU)及存活,隨後每兩週量測淋巴細胞及血小板計數及抗雙鏈DNA產生。在整個研究期間亦量測PK參數。在研究結束時評估對於IgG沈積及腎病理學之影響。使用Albustix測試條(VWR)PU兩個連續每週量測值為300mg/dl定義為重度PU。當小鼠變為瀕死時,根據實驗動物照護及使用委員會(Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee)協議將其處死。使用Graphpad稜柱軟體將PU及存活資
料呈現為Kaplan-Meyer存活曲線且在p<0.05之程度下認為組差異為顯著的。使用ANOVA分析進行組織學記分分析。使用單因子ANOVA分析及Tukey事後檢驗(Tukey post-test)進行抗雙鏈DNA分析。
如圖4A中所說明,用化合物1處理導致以劑量依賴性方式延遲重度PU之發作,在10、30及100mg/kg下達到顯著性。此外,如圖4B及表3A中所說明,用3、10、30及100mg/kg化合物1處理顯著延長存活。此等資料亦與外周血液中之淋巴細胞之劑量依賴性及持續的減少相關,30及100mg/kg劑量之化合物1皆導致70%淋巴球減少。30mg/kg劑量化合物1對於兩種疾病終點之功效與100mg/kg之MMF處理類似。此模型中30mg/kg劑量之暴露為40μg.h/mL。如圖4C、D及表3B中所說明,化合物17亦得到類似功效結果。
咸信化合物1引起負責產生抗體的淋巴細胞之細胞凋亡,其在全身性紅斑狼瘡症以及休格連氏症候群之進程中起作用。因此,假定用化合物1處理將減小抗雙鏈DNA效價。特定言之,藉由ELISA量測抗雙鏈DNA抗體含量,且相對於源自蛋白尿9至10個月大NZB/W小鼠之標準混合血漿(plasma pool)分配任意活性單位濃度/毫升。藉由用聚L-離胺酸、隨後用小牛-胸腺DNA塗佈培養盤進行ELISA分析。使用抗IgG HRP結合抗體培育經稀釋小鼠血漿且使其染色,且將來自重複孔之平均OD與混合高效價抗雙鏈DNA血漿之滴定標準曲線相比較。將未經稀釋之標準混合血漿任意分配1000個抗雙鏈DNA單位/毫升之值。隨後使用線性回歸分析以計算既定樣本之相對單位乘以既定稀釋因數。
此實驗之結果在圖5中說明。在對照動物中,IgG抗雙鏈DNA含量自基線(25週)處之平均<100個單位/毫升增大為32週的平均約600個單位/毫升,進一步增大為40週的約1800個單位/毫升。如藉由PU及存活量測,抗雙鏈DNA效價之明顯升高與疾病嚴重程度及發病率之伴隨增加一起發生。在用1、3及10mg/kg化合物1處理之組中,對抗雙鏈DNA效價無明顯降低。然而,在40週時,用30及100mg/kg化合物1處理相較於媒劑對照物顯著抑制抗雙鏈DNA效價之升高,與用MMF所觀測到之作用類似。
進行測定選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑浸潤腎臟組織之程度的實驗。特定言之,對選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑滲入自發狼瘡鼠模型之腎組織中進行組織學評估。如實例3中所述之自發狼瘡鼠模型用於本文中所描述之組織學評估。將腎二等分且隨後固定於10%中性緩衝福馬林(formalin)中或冷凍保存(急速冷凍)。對於H&E染色,由有經驗的病理學家將來自石蠟包埋組織之5μm切片針對絲球體腎炎及腎小管變化(擴張及脫落)半定量地記分(0至4分)。對於IgG免疫組織化學,用丙酮固定5μm冷凍切片、洗滌且用10%正常山羊血清阻斷。隨後用FITC結合之山羊抗小鼠IgG(Cappel/ICN Pharmaceuticals)或陰性對照HRP-山羊IgG(Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories)培育切片且使用Vectashield與4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚(Vector Laboratories)蓋片。使用半定量的記分系統(自0至4分)針對IgG沈積之嚴重程度評估切片。為鑑定B及T細胞,在石蠟切片上完成CD45R(B細胞)及CD3(T細胞)之免疫組織化學。圖6及7說明組織學評估之結果,且圖8說明選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑處理對腎之IgG沈積、B細胞及T細胞之作用。
如圖6中所說明,投與phosal媒劑之自發狼瘡腎炎小鼠通常具有大量的腎浸潤,如由腎小管脫落、擴張之腎小管、腎小球硬化(glomeruloclerosis)及細胞浸潤所證明。用30或100mg/kg化合物1給藥之自發狼瘡腎炎小鼠中的腎組織浸潤較少、分散及較不頻繁。此外,圖7包括說明未經處理之腎組織、用30mg/kg及100mg/kg劑量之化合物1處理之組織及用100mg/kg劑量之MMF處理之組織的組織學記分差異之條形圖。如圖7中所表明,用30mg/kg及100mg/kg劑量之化合物1處理之組織在關於絲球體腎炎、腎小管變化及血管周圍浸潤的組織學記分中展示統計上顯著的改良(嚴重程度降低)。
此外,圖8說明在用30mg/kg劑量之化合物1處理之腎組織中IgG沈積減少,以及在用100mg/kg劑量之化合物1處理之腎組織中B細胞
及T細胞數目減少。因此,選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑(化合物1)說明在腎組織中改善IgG之沈積、B細胞及T細胞之浸潤及擴增,且亦導致組織學記分統計上顯著的改良,與用phosal媒劑處理相比。
因為在自發(NZBxNZW)F1模型中之研究由於疾病表現之緩慢發展需要6至8個月才能完成,所以在替代性模型中進行選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之其他試驗。為提供較快量測,建立IFNα-加速狼瘡模型且用以評估化合物1之治療可能性。已在SLE患者之子集中報導升高之IFNα血清含量及併發之增強的「IFNα反應基因特徵」。(參見Kwok,S.K.等人,Dysfunctional interferon-alpha production by peripheral plasmacytoid dendritic cells upon Toll-like receptor-9 stimulation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Arthritis Res Ther,2008.10(2):第R29頁;及Rong,Z.等人,Effect of Interferon-alpha in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)serum on the differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells derived from CD34+ hematopoietic precursor cells.Journal of Nanjing Medical University,2009.23(6):第380至385頁)。在得到IFNα治療之HCV患者中亦已報導藥物誘發之SLE樣疾病。(參見Wilson,L.E.等人,Autoimmune disease complicating antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus infection.Semin Arthritis Rheum,2002.32(3):第163-73頁)此等觀察結果強調IFNα信號傳導在SLE發病機制中之重要作用。
為概括IFNα在齧齒動物中之作用,本發明之發明者及此項技術中之其他人(參見Bardwell,P.D.等人,The Bcl-2 family antagonist ABT-737 significantly inhibits multiple animal models of autoimmunity.J Immunol,2009.182(12):第7482-9頁;及Mathian,A.等人,IFN-alpha induces early lethal lupus in preautoimmune(New Zealand Black x New
Zealand White)F1 but not in BALB/c mice.J Immunol,2005.174(5):第2499-506頁)建立腺病毒介導之IFNα-誘發(NZBxNZW)F1狼瘡模型,其特徵為快速及重度疾病,具有許多類似於自發狼瘡(NZBxNZW)F1小鼠之特徵,包括因重度絲球體腎炎而死亡。然而,此等兩個模型之間亦存在不同:(1)在血液中IFNα之超生理學的產生為重度狼瘡腎炎所需(參見Mathian,A.等人,IFN-alpha induces early lethal lupus in preautoimmune(New Zealand Black x New Zealand White)F1 but not in BALB/c mice.J Immunol,2005.174(5):第2499-506頁);(2)在IFNα處理之2週內觀察到持續的大於50%之外周血液淋巴球減少;(3)疾病之增強與體液性自體免疫性(諸如抗雙鏈DNA效價)之穩固升高無關,如在自發(NZBxNZW)F1小鼠中所觀測。在此實驗中收集之資料與在IFN-α腺病毒處理之B6.Sle123小鼠中之近期發現結果一致(參見Fairhurst,A.M.等人,Systemic IFN-alpha drives kidney nephritis in B6.Sle123 mice.Eur J Immunol.,2008.38(7):第1948-60頁)且支持在此模型中IFNα處理對於疾病發病機制之主要作用為可能經由活化許多類型之免疫細胞及產生促發炎性細胞激素而促使終末器官疾病的想法。
在IFNα誘發(NZBxNZW)F1模型中評估化合物1、MMF及BAFFR3-Ig(貝利單抗(Belimumab)之代用品)。BAFFR3-Ig特異性阻斷BAFF/BLyS結合至其同源受體BAFFR3,導致淋巴器官中B細胞數目全身性減少(參見Kayagaki,N.等人,BAFF/BLyS receptor 3 binds the B cell survival factor BAFF ligand through a discrete surface loop and promotes processing of NF-kappaB2.Immunity,2002.17(4):第515-24頁)。以晚期預防模式(在IFNα腺病毒之後7天)開始治療。特定言之,給13至15週大之(NZBxNZW)F1小鼠(The Jackson Laboratory)以5×109個病毒粒子/小鼠之濃度注射單次靜脈內劑量之IFN-α腺病毒
(Abbott)。處理組由一下組成:投與劑量在每天1至100mg/kg範圍內之化合物1,經口投與;每天100mg/kg劑量之黴酚酸嗎啉乙酯,經口投與;及15mg/kg劑量之BAFFR3-Ig(BAFF/BLyS阻斷劑),三次/星期,藉由腹膜內注射。在腺病毒注射之後7天對所有處理組執行處理。在腺病毒注射之後,使用Albustix測試條(VWR)每週監測小鼠之蛋白尿(PU)。PU連續每週量測值300mg/dl定義為重度PU。當小鼠變為瀕死時,根據實驗動物照護及使用委員會協議將其處死。
此實驗之結果在以下圖9及表4中說明。與自發狼瘡小鼠中之發現結果一致,用30及100mg/kg化合物1處理顯著延遲重度PU之發作且延長存活。功效即使不超過MMF及BAFFR3-Ig亦與其類似,且與持續淋巴球減少相關。標靶有效暴露為約40μg.h/mL。
進行另 一 實驗以測定在干擾素 - α加速狼瘡模型中用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑處理對於抗雙鏈DNA效價之作用。藉由ELISA量測抗雙鏈DNA
抗體含量,且相對於源自蛋白尿9至10個月大NZB/W小鼠之標準混合血漿分配任意活性單位濃度/毫升。藉由用聚L-離胺酸、隨後用小牛-胸腺DNA塗佈培養盤進行ELISA分析。使用抗IgG HRP結合抗體培育經稀釋小鼠血漿且使其染色,且將來自重複孔之平均OD與混合高效價抗雙鏈DNA血漿之滴定標準曲線相比較。將未經稀釋之標準混合血漿任意分配1000個抗雙鏈DNA單位/毫升之值。隨後使用線性回歸分析以計算既定樣本之相對單位乘以既定稀釋因數。此實驗之結果在圖10中說明。
與圖5中所說明之來自自發(NZBxNZW)F1小鼠模型之發現結果相反,如圖10中所示,化合物1不顯著抑制干擾素-誘發模型中之抗雙鏈DNA效價。在第42與55天之間有2倍但非統計上顯著的誘導之抗雙鏈DNA效價,其不為劑量依賴性。應注意在整個處理期間,30mg/kg化合物1處理此等動物維持血液中>70%之淋巴球減少且防止動物患狼瘡腎炎。
在此項技術內公認休格連氏症候群為影響身體之水分產生腺的慢性疾病病況,該等腺包括口腔之唾液腺。因此,推理出選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑滲入休格連氏症候群患者之唾液腺中可有效治療與休格連氏症候群有關之淋巴細胞減少,而無與非選擇性Bcl-2抑制有關之劑量限制性血小板減少。對選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑滲入自發狼瘡鼠模型之唾液腺中進行組織學評估以測試此理論。如實例3中所述之自發狼瘡鼠模型用於本文中所描述之組織學評估。特定言之,將舌下及下頜下的唾液腺固定於10%中性緩衝福馬林中且石蠟包埋。將5μm切片H&E染色且由有經驗的病理學家針對發炎細胞浸潤半定量地記分(0至4分)。唾液腺浸潤記分類別:(1)3個或更少導管周邊小焦點,(2)3個或更多中等大小的焦點,(3)數個大規模焦點,及(4)凝結為彌漫浸潤(diffuse
infiltrate)。下頜下的組織切片之組織學評估在圖11中說明。
如圖11中所說明,投與phosal媒劑之自發狼瘡腎炎小鼠通常具有大規模至凝結之導管周邊的浸潤。用30或100mg/kg化合物1給藥的自發狼瘡腎炎小鼠之唾液腺浸潤較少、分散及較不頻繁。此外,圖12包括說明未經處理之下頜下組織、用10mg/kg劑量之化合物1處理之組織及用30mg/kg及100mg/kg劑量之化合物1處理之組織的組織學記分差異之條形圖。如圖11所表明,用30mg/kg及100mg/kg劑量之化合物1處理之組織說明組織學記分展示統計上顯著的改良,如由30mg/kg及100mg/kg治療之組織學記分為較不嚴重的事實所證明。
因此,休格連氏症候群為影響身體之水分產生腺的發炎性疾病,該等腺包括唾液腺。對自發鼠模型中之唾液腺進行組織學評估以確定用選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑治療是否可縮短唾液腺之發炎過程且最終提供用於休格連氏症候群之治療選擇。組織學評估展示30mg/kg及100mg/kg之劑量之化合物1導致唾液腺之發炎減少,如由未經處理小鼠中3至4分之組織學記分改良為經處理小鼠中1至2分之記分所證明。因此,確定選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑可有效治療具有休格連氏症候群之患者。
Claims (18)
- 一種包含選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之化合物之用途,其用於製備供治療全身性紅斑狼瘡症及狼瘡腎炎之藥劑,該藥物包含治療有效量之包含選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之化合物,其中該選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑為式(I)化合物,其中A1為N或CH;B1為OR1或NHR1;Y1為CN、NO2、CF3、F或Cl;R1為(CH2)nR2;R2為環烷基或雜環基;其中該雜環基及環烷基視情況經一或多個獨立地選擇之R4、OR4、OH、CN或F取代;R3為雜芳基;其中該雜芳基視情況經一或多個獨立地選擇之NH2、Cl或F取代;R4為烷基、環烷基、雜環基或螺雜環基;其中該烷基視情況經一或多個F取代;R5為氘;各R6係獨立地選自CH3、螺環丙基及OH;m為0、1、2、3、4、5或6;n為0或1;且p為0、1或2,或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白活性之化合物具有小於1奈莫耳的Bcl-2結合親和力(Ki)值。
- 如請求項2之用途,其中該選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白活性之化合物具有小於100皮莫耳的Bcl-2結合親和力(Ki)值。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白活性之化合物對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力(Ki)至少500倍。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該化合物係選自:N-({5-氯-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({[(2S)-4-環丙基嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4,4-二氟環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-(1H-苯并咪唑-4-基氧基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氟-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-(1H-苯并咪唑-4-基氧基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-氰基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-[(3-氯-4-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}苯基)磺醯基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲哚-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({[(2R)-4-環丙基嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-氰基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({(3R)-1-[2-氟-1-(氟甲基)乙基]吡咯啶-3-基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(反-4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[反-4-(嗎啉-4-基)環己基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-[(5-氯-6-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-嗎啉-4-基環己基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(順-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(3-胺基-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(2-氧螺[3;5]壬-7-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲哚-5-基)氧基]-N-{[3-硝基-4-({[4-(氧雜環丁-3-基)嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)苯基]磺醯基}苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(5-氰基-6-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-[(3-氯-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)苯甲醯胺;4-[4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}(2H8)哌嗪-1-基]-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(6-{[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-5-硝基吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-硝基-6-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(順-4-乙基-4-羥基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;及4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲哚-5-基氧基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;或以上任一者之醫藥學上可接受之鹽。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該化合物係以0.001mg/kg至1000mg/kg範圍內之治療有效量使用。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該化合物係以0.01mg/kg至500mg/kg範圍內之治療有效量使用。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該化合物係以0.1mg/kg至300mg/kg範圍內之治療有效量使用。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該化合物係與結合蛋白合併使用,以進一步改良化合物結合至所要作用位點。
- 一種包含選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之化合物之用途,其用於製備供治療患者之休格連氏症候群(Sjogren's Syndrome)之藥劑,該藥物包含治療有效量之包含選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑之化合物,其中該選擇性Bcl-2抑制劑為式(I)化合物,其中A1為N或CH;B1為OR1或NHR1;Y1為CN、NO2、CF3、F或Cl;R1為(CH2)nR2;R2為環烷基或雜環基;其中該雜環基及環烷基視情況經一或多個獨立地選擇之R4、OR4、OH、CN或F取代;R3為雜芳基;其中該雜芳基視情況經一或多個獨立地選擇之NH2、Cl或F取代;R4為烷基、環烷基、雜環基或螺雜環基;其中該烷基視情況經一或多個F取代;R5為氘;各R6係獨立地選自CH3、螺環丙基及OH;m為0、1、2、3、4、5或6;n為0或1;且p為0、1或2,或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。
- 如請求項10之用途,其中該選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白活性之化合物具有小於1奈莫耳的Bcl-2結合親和力(Ki)。
- 如請求項11之用途,其中該選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白活性之化合物具有小於100皮莫耳的Bcl-2結合親和力(Ki)。
- 如請求項10之用途,其中該選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白活性之化合物對於Bcl-2之結合親和力(Ki)小於對於Bcl-xL之結合親和力(Ki)至少500倍。
- 如請求項10之用途,其中該化合物係選自:N-({5-氯-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({[(2S)-4-環丙基嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4,4-二氟環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-(1H-苯并咪唑-4-基氧基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氟-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-(1H-苯并咪唑-4-基氧基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-氰基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-[(3-氯-4-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}苯基)磺醯基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲哚-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({[(2R)-4-環丙基嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-氰基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-{[4-({(3R)-1-[2-氟-1-(氟甲基)乙基]吡咯啶-3-基}胺基)-3-硝基苯基]磺醯基}-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({3-氯-4-[(反-4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]苯基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[反-4-(嗎啉-4-基)環己基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-[(5-氯-6-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;反-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-嗎啉-4-基環己基)胺基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({4-[(4-氟四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)甲氧基]-3-硝基苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(順-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(6-胺基-5-氯吡啶-3-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;2-[(3-胺基-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(反-4-甲氧基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(2-氧螺[3;5]壬-7-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-氰基-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲哚-5-基)氧基]-N-{[3-硝基-4-({[4-(氧雜環丁-3-基)嗎啉-2-基]甲基}胺基)苯基]磺醯基}苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-[(6-氟-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(5-氰基-6-{[4-氟-1-(氧雜環丁-3-基)哌啶-4-基]甲氧基}吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-[(3-氯-1H-吲唑-4-基)氧基]-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)苯甲醯胺;4-[4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}(2H8)哌嗪-1-基]-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;N-({5-氯-6-[(反-1-氟-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(6-{[(順-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲基]胺基}-5-硝基吡啶-3-基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({5-硝基-6-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-({6-[(反-4-羥基-4-甲基環己基)甲氧基]-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基}磺醯基)-2-(1H-吲唑-4-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-N-[(4-{[(順-4-乙基-4-羥基環己基)甲基]胺基}-3-硝基苯基)磺醯基]-2-(1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基氧基)苯甲醯胺;及4-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基環己-1-烯-1-基]甲基}哌嗪-1-基)-2-(1H-吲哚-5-基氧基)-N-({3-硝基-4-[(四氫-2H-哌喃-4-基甲基)胺基]苯基}磺醯基)苯甲醯胺;或上述任一者之醫藥學上可接受之鹽。
- 如請求項10之用途,其中該化合物係以0.001mg/kg至1000mg/kg範圍內之治療有效量使用。
- 如請求項10之用途,其中該化合物係以0.01mg/kg至500mg/kg範圍內之治療有效量使用。
- 如請求項10之用途,其中該化合物係以0.1mg/kg至300mg/kg範圍內之治療有效量使用。
- 如請求項10之用途,其中該化合物係與結合蛋白合併使用,以進一步改良化合物結合至所要作用位點。
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