TWI609130B - Waste heat recombination hydrogen production device - Google Patents

Description

Waste heat recombination hydrogen production unit

The invention relates to a hydrogen production device, in particular to a waste heat recombination hydrogen production device.

Increasing the combustion efficiency of the engine and reducing the emission of particulate matter (PM) and particulate matter (PN) is a problem that the transportation industry is actively improving.

Among the existing technologies, hydrogen energy has proven to be a promising clean energy technology and the best energy carrier for vehicle vehicles, which can simultaneously integrate fossil energy (steam/diesel, compressed natural gas (CNG)). /liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), biomass energy, electrical energy, and thermal energy for energy type conversion.

In general, the hydrogen generation method can be divided into high pressure hydrogen production, liquid hydrogen production, metal hydrogen production, chemical hydrogen production, electrolytic hydrogen production, and recombinant hydrogen production. Among them, when the recombinant hydrogen production technology is applied to an engine, the utility model has the advantages of improving the combustion efficiency of the engine and reducing the exhaust pollution, and when used as an auxiliary fuel unit (APU) for an on-board fuel cell, it can provide driving in the vehicle. Fuel demand during idle, parking, or sleeper increases fuel economy.

At present, international automakers and related equipment manufacturers have successively published related applications such as engine performance improvement and pollution reduction. However, the existing recombination hydrogen production equipment used in vehicles is a separate system, requiring additional loading in use, and the recombination reaction process must be The heat is supplied by itself to help the reaction, and the waste heat generated by the engine cannot be effectively utilized for heat management, resulting in low energy use efficiency. In addition, if the reaction to regenerate hydrogen is steam reforming (SR) or autothermal reforming (ATR), it is necessary to increase the volume and weight of the fuel aqueous solution, and consider the problems of storage and separation of oil and water. .

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus utilizing engine waste heat as a heat source for recombination hydrogen production.

Therefore, the waste heat recombination hydrogen production device of the present invention is suitable for being installed in an exhaust gas discharge port of a vehicle, and the waste heat recombination hydrogen production device comprises a heating chamber, a reaction chamber, and a conduit unit.

The heating chamber defines a heating chamber including an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet is in communication with the exhaust air discharge port.

The reaction chamber is disposed in the heating chamber and is not in communication with the heating chamber, and includes a reaction chamber defining a reaction space, and a catalyst unit disposed in the reaction space.

The conduit unit includes an oil inlet conduit, an intake conduit, and a product conduit. One end of the oil inlet conduit passes through the heating chamber and communicates with the reaction space, and the other end is connected to an oil supply unit. a gas conduit is wound around the reaction chamber, and one end of the gas passage is passed through the heating chamber, and the other end is in communication with the reaction space, one end of the product conduit is in communication with the reaction space, and the other end is passed through the heating chamber. Cavity.

Preferably, the waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus of the present invention may further comprise at least one preheater passing through the heating chamber and capable of heating the reaction space of the reaction chamber.

The utility model has the advantages that the waste heat recombination hydrogen production device is directly installed in the exhaust gas discharge port of the vehicle, and the waste heat generated by the engine is used as a heat source, and heat exchange is performed with the air enclosed in the intake duct of the reaction chamber, and then Providing fuel through the vehicle's own fuel supply unit to effectively utilize the waste heat of the engine for hydrogen production reaction, and further providing the preheater to actively provide the catalyst when the engine has not started or the temperature of the catalyst unit is insufficient. The heat source required for the unit.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a first embodiment of the waste heat recombination hydrogen production apparatus of the present invention is applicable to an exhaust gas discharge port 100 installed in a vehicle (not shown), and the waste heat recombination hydrogen production device comprises a heating chamber. 2. A reaction chamber 3 and a conduit unit 4.

Specifically, the heating chamber 2 defines a heating chamber 21 including two air inlets 211 and one air outlet 212 on opposite sides. The heating chamber 2 is first connected to the exhaust gas discharge port 100 such that the air inlet 211 communicates with the exhaust gas discharge port 100. In this embodiment, the air inlet 211 is in the shape of a flange, and can be easily installed in an exhaust pipe 101 of the vehicle and closely communicates with the exhaust gas discharge port 100 to make an engine of the vehicle (not shown). The waste heat generated by the exhausted exhaust gas is input to the heating chamber 21 of the heating chamber 2 through the exhaust gas discharge port 100, and is discharged from the air outlet port 212.

The reaction chamber 3 is disposed in the heating chamber 21 and is not in communication with the heating chamber 21, and includes a reaction chamber 31 defining a reaction space 310, three through the reaction chamber 31 and the reaction space 310 oil inlet holes 32, air inlet holes 33 and output holes 34, a catalyst unit 35 disposed in the reaction space 310, and two disposed in the reaction space 310 are respectively located in the catalyst unit 35. The opposite ends are respectively adjacent to the air inlet 211 and the temperature holding member 36 of the air outlet 212.

The oil inlet hole 32 and the air inlet hole 33 are adjacent to the air inlet 211 of the heating chamber 2, and the output hole 34 is adjacent to the air outlet 212 of the heating chamber 2. That is, in the present embodiment, the heating chamber 2 and the reaction chamber 31 of the reaction chamber 3 are in a hollow sleeve shape similar to the exhaust pipe 101 of the vehicle, so that the air inlet is The 211 and the air outlet 212 are respectively located at opposite ends of one of the sleeve-shaped axes, and are conveniently installed and integrated in the vehicle. It should be noted that the shape of the heating chamber 2 and the reaction chamber 3 may have different shapes depending on the actual installation position and design, and is not limited thereto, and the shape of the heating chamber 2 and the reaction chamber 3 is not the focus of the present invention. Therefore, I will not repeat them here. The catalyst unit 35 may include various types of catalyst carriers coated with a noble metal such as platinum, palladium, rhodium, or ruthenium, and may be in the form of particles or honeycombs. In this embodiment, the catalyst carrier is in the form of particles. Take an example for explanation. The temperature holding members 36 are made of a porous ceramic material, and can help to increase the reaction temperature of the catalyst unit 35 in the subsequent reaction to achieve the effect of holding the temperature, and the related reaction process will be described later.

The conduit unit 4 includes an oil inlet conduit 41, an intake conduit 42, and a product conduit 43. One end of the oil inlet conduit 41 passes through the heating chamber 2 and is connected to the oil inlet hole 32 to communicate with the reaction space 310, and the other end is connected to an oil supply unit 102 of the vehicle, so that the oil supply unit 102 The oil is input into the reaction space 310 through the oil inlet conduit 41 and the oil inlet hole 32. The oil supply unit 102 can be directly the fuel tank of the vehicle or the external fuel tank installed in the vehicle. And the oil provided by the oil supply unit 102 can be gasoline, diesel, or raw fuel. Preferably, the vehicle may be a vehicle having a diesel engine.

The intake duct 42 has a winding section 421 and an intake section 422 and a gas delivery section 423 that communicate with both ends of the winding section 421, respectively. The winding section 421 is wound on the reaction chamber 31 adjacent to the air inlet 211 and located in the heating chamber 21, and the air inlet section 422 is connected to the winding section 421 adjacent to the air inlet 211. The heating chamber 2 is disposed at one end, and the two ends of the gas transmission section 423 respectively communicate with one end of the winding section 421 adjacent to the air outlet 212 and the air inlet hole 33, so that an external reaction air can pass through the inlet The gas section 422 is introduced into the winding section 421 to exchange heat with the waste heat in the heating chamber 21, and then is introduced into the reaction space 310 through the gas delivery section 423. In the present embodiment, the intake duct 42 is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity, so that the reaction air flowing in the intake duct 42 can efficiently exchange heat with the waste heat in the heating chamber 21. .

One end of the product conduit 43 is connected to the output orifice 34 to communicate with the reaction space 310, and the other end is passed through the heating chamber 2, so that the product produced in the reaction space 310 passes through the product conduit 43 through the output orifice 34. Output.

In detail, when the vehicle is started, exhaust gas and waste heat discharged from the engine enter the heating chamber 2 via the air inlet 211, and at this time, the external reaction air is also introduced into the intake duct 42 due to The winding section 421 of the intake duct 42 is wound around the reaction chamber 31 in a coil manner, which can increase the transmission path of the reaction air and increase the area of heat exchange, and can utilize the waste heat in the heating chamber 2 The reaction air in the winding section 421 is effectively heated by heat exchange, and then the heated reaction air is introduced into the reaction space 310 through the gas delivery section 423, and at the same time, the oil is supplied. The oil of the unit 102 is input into the reaction space 310 by the oil inlet conduit 41. At this time, the reaction air at a high temperature and the oil are partially mixed in the reaction space 310 to be vaporized to reach a reaction temperature (>650 ° C). The catalyst-catalyzed reaction is carried out through the catalyst unit 35 to generate a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas, which is output via the product conduit 43. The mixing ratio of the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas generated by the partial gasification catalysis to the oil supply and the reaction air supplied by the oil supply unit 102 is determined by the number of carbon moles of the oil and the oxygen mole of the reaction air. Depending on the oxygen content of the oil or gas used, the ratio of the oxygen/carbon molar ratio control range is well known in the art, and therefore will not be further described herein.

It should be noted that the purpose of the temperature holding members 36 is to increase the reaction temperature of the catalyst unit 35 and improve the pool temperature effect. However, in actual implementation, if the temperature of the reaction chamber 3 is better. In this case, the temperature holding members 36 need not be provided, or only one side of the catalyst unit 35 may be disposed. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the waste heat recombination hydrogen production device of the present invention is closely installed on the exhaust pipe 101 through a casing type assembly design, thereby avoiding pressure loss of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and The waste heat recombination hydrogen producing device is provided for the space flow rate of the exhaust gas to be greater than the maximum exhaust gas flow rate of the engine, and therefore, does not affect the engine exhaust back pressure.

In addition, it should be particularly noted that when the invented vehicle is a general diesel engine vehicle, the oil supply unit 102 is the fuel tank of the vehicle itself, and the oil supplied by the oil supply unit 102 is diesel or contains different proportions of biofuel. And for compression ignition engines. Furthermore, the product conduit 43 of the waste heat recombination hydrogen production unit of the present invention is optionally coupled to different devices to produce different efficiencies, such as the engine connectable to the vehicle, or an exhaust aftertreatment processor 103 connectable to the vehicle. Or at least one of a fuel cell assisted power system (not shown) connectable to the vehicle. That is, the product conduit 43 can also be coupled to, for example, the engine and the exhaust aftertreatment processor 103, respectively, to derive the utilized hydrogen-rich synthesis gas, and is not limited to a single location.

In detail, since hydrogen (H ₂ ) in the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas has a high flame propagation speed, a wide range of flammability limits, and a small extinction diameter, carbon monoxide (CO) therein can increase the adiabatic flame temperature. Therefore, when the product conduit 43 is the engine that connects the vehicle, the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas output from the product conduit 43 is blended in the engine cylinder to provide the engine to ultra-lean combustion. Conditions further improve the combustion efficiency of the engine and reduce fuel consumption and pollution emissions.

When the product conduit 43 is connected to the exhaust aftertreatment processor 103 of the vehicle, the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas output by the product conduit 43 can be combined with the regeneration technology of the exhaust aftertreatment processor 103 to raise the exhaust gas temperature, thereby increasing diesel carbon. The regeneration effect of diesel particulate filter (DPF) and the efficiency of selective oxidation reduction (SCR) system for nitrogen oxide (NO _x ) conversion in cold start and low temperature conditions are effective. Control exhaust pollution.

When the product conduit 43 is the fuel cell auxiliary power system (APU) that is connected to the vehicle, the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas output by the product conduit 43 can be used as a reaction gas for the on-board fuel cell auxiliary power system.

Referring to FIG. 4, a second embodiment of the waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus of the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that the waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus of the second embodiment further comprises at least one preheating. The device 5 (illustrated by taking two preheaters 5 in FIG. 4 as an example). The preheater 5 passes through the heating chamber 2 and the reaction chamber 3 and includes a heating section 51 located in the reaction space 310. The position of the preheater 5 in the reaction space 310 is not particularly limited as long as the heat source can be provided to the reaction space 310. Preferably, in the embodiment, one of the heating segments 51 is located between the temperature holding member 36 and the oil inlet hole 32, and the other heating portion 51 is located at the temperature holding members 36. It is in direct contact with the catalyst unit 35. By providing the preheater 5, the heating section 51 is inserted into the reaction space 310, and the heat source required for the reaction can be actively provided when the engine is not started or the reaction temperature is insufficient, thereby increasing the flow rate of the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. The stability and the waste heat recombination hydrogen production device can also actively synthesize a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas under the condition that the vehicle engine is not started.

In summary, the waste heat recombination hydrogen production device of the present invention is directly installed in the exhaust gas discharge port 100 of the vehicle to utilize the waste heat generated by the engine as a heat source to exchange heat with the intake duct 42 and then cooperate with the vehicle. The oil supply unit 102 provides fuel to effectively utilize the waste heat of the engine to perform hydrogen production reaction, and can supplement the temperature holding member 36 to increase the reaction temperature of the catalyst unit 35 to enhance the temperature holding effect; The space flow rate is greater than the maximum exhaust flow rate of the engine without affecting the exhaust back pressure of the engine; the preheater 5 may be further provided to actively provide the contact when the engine has not started or the temperature of the catalyst unit 35 is insufficient. The heat source required for the medium unit 35 is indeed capable of achieving the object of the present invention.

However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and all the simple equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the patent application and the patent specification of the present invention are still Within the scope of the invention patent.

100‧‧‧Exhaust vents

101‧‧‧Exhaust pipe

102‧‧‧oil supply unit

34‧‧‧Output hole

35‧‧‧catalyst unit

36‧‧‧ Temperature-sensitive parts

103‧‧‧Exhaust afterprocessor

2‧‧‧heating chamber

21‧‧‧heating room

211‧‧‧air inlet

212‧‧‧ outlet

3‧‧‧Reaction chamber

31‧‧‧Reaction chamber

310‧‧‧Reaction space

32‧‧‧ oil inlet

33‧‧‧Air intake

4‧‧‧ catheter unit

41‧‧‧Inlet conduit

42‧‧‧Intake conduit

421‧‧‧ Winding section

422‧‧‧Air intake section

423‧‧‧Gas section

43‧‧‧Product catheter

5‧‧‧Preheater

51‧‧‧heating section

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the embodiments of the present invention, wherein: Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating a first embodiment of the waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus of the present invention and an exhaust gas discharge port of a vehicle, and a fuel supply port. FIG. a unit, and an exhaust gas post-processor connection relationship; and FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus of the present invention

2‧‧‧heating chamber

21‧‧‧heating room

211‧‧‧air inlet

212‧‧‧ outlet

3‧‧‧Reaction chamber

31‧‧‧Reaction chamber

310‧‧‧Reaction space

32‧‧‧ oil inlet

34‧‧‧Output hole

35‧‧‧catalyst unit

36‧‧‧ Temperature-sensitive parts

41‧‧‧Inlet conduit

42‧‧‧Intake conduit

421‧‧‧ Winding section

422‧‧‧Air intake section

423‧‧‧Gas section

33‧‧‧Air intake

43‧‧‧Product catheter

Claims (10)

A waste heat recombination hydrogen production device is suitable for being installed in an exhaust gas discharge port of a vehicle, the waste heat recombination hydrogen production device comprising: a heating chamber defining a heating chamber including an air inlet and an air outlet, the The gas port is in communication with the exhaust gas discharge port; a reaction chamber is disposed in the heating chamber and is not in communication with the heating chamber, and includes a reaction chamber defining a reaction space, and a contact disposed in the reaction space And a conduit unit comprising an oil inlet conduit, an intake conduit, and a product conduit, one end of the inlet conduit passing through the heating chamber and communicating with the reaction space, and the other end and an oil supply unit Connected to the reaction chamber, the one end of which passes through the heating chamber, and the other end of which is in communication with the reaction space, one end of the product conduit is in communication with the reaction space, and One end passes through the heating chamber. The waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising at least one preheater passing through the heating chamber and capable of heating the reaction space of the reaction chamber. The waste heat recombination hydrogen generating device of claim 1, wherein the air inlet and the air outlet of the heating chamber are respectively located on opposite sides, and the reaction chamber further comprises an oil inlet hole connected to the oil inlet conduit, An intake hole communicating with the intake duct, and an output hole communicating with the product conduit, the oil inlet hole, the air inlet hole, and the output hole extending through the reaction chamber to communicate with the reaction space, The oil inlet hole and the air inlet hole are adjacent to the air inlet of the heating chamber, and the output hole is adjacent to the air outlet of the heating chamber. The waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the reaction chamber further comprises two temperature holding members disposed in the reaction space and respectively disposed at opposite ends of the catalyst unit, and the temperature holding members are respectively adjacent to each other. The air inlet and the air outlet. The waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the intake duct has a winding section, and an intake section and a gas passage section respectively communicating with both ends of the winding section, the winding section being adjacent to the inlet section a gas port is wound on the reaction chamber in the direction of the gas outlet and is located in the heating chamber, the gas inlet section is connected to the winding section and passes through the heating chamber, and the gas conveying section is respectively connected with the winding section and the inlet hole . The waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus of claim 3, wherein the end of the product conduit that exits the heating chamber is an engine that connects to the vehicle. The waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the vehicle further comprises an exhaust gas after-processor, the end of the product conduit passing through the heating chamber is connected to the exhaust gas after-processor. The waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the vehicle further comprises a fuel cell auxiliary power system, and the end of the product conduit passing through the heating chamber is connected to the fuel cell auxiliary power system. The waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oil supply unit supplies diesel oil or biomass fuel. The waste heat recombination hydrogen producing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle has a diesel engine, and the oil supply unit is a fuel tank of the vehicle.