TWI577947B - Gas water heater and composite heat exchanger thereof - Google Patents

Description

Gas water heater and its composite heat exchanger

The invention provides a heat exchanger, in particular a gas water heater and a composite heat exchanger which can achieve better thermal efficiency.

According to the water heater, it is an indispensable device for home life at present. As far as the energy used is concerned, it can be roughly divided into gas water heaters, electric water heaters and solar water heaters, among which gas water heaters are widely used by the general public.

The conventional gas water heater is provided with a fan, a burner and a heat exchanger inside the body, and the heat exchanger is connected with a cold water pipe and a hot water pipe, and the cold water pipe and the hot water pipe can form a water passage, the cold water One end of the line has a cold water inlet that can be connected to a suitable source of water for inputting cold water to be heated. One end of the hot water pipe has a hot water outlet, and cold water to be heated can be input from the cold water inlet and the cold water pipeline, so that the cold water is sent to the heat exchanger, the cold water enters the heat exchanger for heat exchange, and then the hot water pipeline and the hot water The outlet outputs hot water for use.

However, the fins of the conventional heat exchanger are flat-faced structures, and the longitudinal gap between the fins and the fins is short, so that the combustion hot gas below is easily rushed upward and is lost outward, resulting in poor heat absorption of the fins. The heat efficiency of the water heater is lowered, so it is necessary to increase the heating time, resulting in waste of gas energy. The heat efficiency of the above water heater can only reach 80%.

Although fins are currently used to shape the convex part, the gas combustion is extended. The retention time and distance between the heat energy and the fins can improve the heat absorption effect of the fins, but the effect is still quite limited, and the heat efficiency of the water heater cannot be effectively improved. The thermal efficiency of the above water heater can only reach 80.9%, and the effect is still limited.

In summary, the present inventors have felt that the above-mentioned defects can be improved, and the present invention has been put forward with great interest in designing and cooperating with the theory, and finally proposes a invention which is reasonable in design and effective in improving the above-mentioned defects.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a gas water heater and a composite heat exchanger thereof, so that the water heater can achieve better thermal efficiency.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a gas water heater, comprising: a body; a fan, the fan is disposed inside the body; a burner, the burner is disposed inside the body; a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger The heat exchanger is disposed inside the body, and the burner is located between the fan and the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger has a plurality of spaced fins and a water pipe, one end of the water pipe is connected to a cold water pipe. The other end of the water pipe is connected to a hot water pipe, and the fins are respectively provided with a plurality of perforations. The water pipe is disposed in the through holes of the fins, and the fins are respectively formed with a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of eddy currents. The eddy current generators are wave-shaped, each eddy current generator includes a circular arc portion and a slope portion, the inclined surface portion is located above the circular arc portion, and the inclined surface portion is connected to the circular arc portion; The distance between each adjacent two fins is Fp, the width of the vortex generator is w1, the radius of the arc of the arc portion of the vortex generator is wr, and the arc angle of the arc portion of the vortex generator is wa, which satisfies the following relationship formula w1 = (1.32 ~ 2.86) Fp, wr = (0.4 ~ 0.9) Fp, wa = 100 ~ 150 degrees.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides a gas water heater comprising: a body; a fan disposed inside the body; a burner disposed inside the body; a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger The heat exchanger is disposed inside the body, and the burner is located between the fan and the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger has a plurality of spaced fins and a water pipe, one end of the water pipe is connected to a cold water a pipe, the other end of the water pipe is connected to a hot water pipe, and the fins are respectively provided with a plurality of perforations, the water pipe is disposed in the through holes of the fins, and the fins are respectively formed with a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of fins a vortex generator, the vortex generators are pyramidal, each vortex generator having a bottom and a plurality of slopes; and defining a spacing of each adjacent fins Fp, the vortex generator having a width g1, the eddy current generation The length of the device is gt, and the height of the eddy current generator is gh, which satisfies the following relationship: g1=(1.3~3.3) Fp, gt=(1.6~3.8) Fp, gh=(0.3~1.2) Fp.

The invention has at least the following advantages: Depending on the particular design of the heat exchanger described above, the vortex generators can produce longitudinal vortices, unlike transverse vortices. The lateral eddy current will make its axis of rotation perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow, which will not only improve the heat transfer performance but also increase the frictional resistance. The longitudinal eddy current will make its rotating shaft parallel to the fluid flow direction, and the frictional resistance is relatively small, which can moderately improve the heat transfer performance, so that the heat efficiency of the water heater of the invention can be effectively improved, so that the water heater can achieve better thermal efficiency, thereby reducing heating. Time to avoid wasting waste of gas energy.

For a better understanding of the features and technical aspects of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings.

1‧‧‧ body

2‧‧‧Fan

3‧‧‧ burner

4‧‧‧ heat exchanger

41‧‧‧Fins

411‧‧‧Perforation

412‧‧‧ convex

413‧‧‧ inlet

414‧‧‧ gas outlet

415‧‧‧ eddy current generator

A‧‧‧Arc Department

A1‧‧‧ arc surface

B‧‧‧Bevel

B1‧‧‧ Bevel

416‧‧‧ eddy current generator

C‧‧‧ bottom

D‧‧‧ Bevel

42‧‧‧ water pipes

5‧‧‧ cold water pipeline

51‧‧‧ cold water inlet

6‧‧‧ hot water pipeline

61‧‧‧hot water outlet

7‧‧‧Water Volume Detector

8‧‧‧Control unit

Fp‧‧‧ spacing between two adjacent fins

d _H ‧‧‧Water pipe diameter

SL‧‧‧The lowermost convex part is perpendicular to the upper edge of the water pipe below

Sw‧‧‧protrusion width

Sh‧‧‧ convex height

W1‧‧‧ eddy current generator width

Wr‧‧‧Arc radius of the arc of the vortex generator

Wa‧‧‧Arc angle of the arc of the vortex generator

Wh‧‧‧ vertical height distance from the lower edge of the water pipe at the lower edge of the vortex generator

Pt‧‧‧Water pipe horizontal pitch

P1‧‧‧Water pipe longitudinal pitch

G1‧‧‧ eddy current generator width

Gt‧‧‧ eddy current generator length

Gh‧‧ eddy current generator height

The vertical height distance of the center point of the water pipe above the lower edge of the Ph ‧ ‧ vortex generator

1 is a schematic plan view of a gas water heater of the present invention.

2 is a schematic perspective view of a composite heat exchanger according to the present invention (a convex portion and a vortex generator are not shown).

3 is a perspective view of a fin of the present invention.

4 is a schematic plan view of a fin of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a plan view of the convex portion of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a front elevational view of the vortex generator of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a side elevational view of the vortex generator of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a front elevational view of another embodiment of a vortex generator of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a side elevational view of another embodiment of a vortex generator of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a bottom plan view of another embodiment of the vortex generator of the present invention.

[First Embodiment]

Referring to FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a gas water heater including a body 1, a fan 2, a burner (fire row) 3, and a heat exchanger 4. The body 1 is a hollow casing, and the fan 2, the burner 3 and the heat exchanger 4 are disposed inside the body 1. The positions of the fan 2, the burner 3 and the heat exchanger 4 are not limited, and may be provided as needed. Variety. In the present embodiment, the fan 2, the burner 3, and the heat exchanger 4 are disposed in the interior of the body 1 from bottom to top, and the burner 3 is located between the fan 2 and the heat exchanger 4. When the burner 3 is ignited, the burner 3 can generate a high-temperature combustion gas, the combustion gas is pushed upward, and the combustion gas contacts the heat exchanger 4, thereby performing a heat exchange operation, so that the water flowing through the heat exchanger 4 can be It is heated from a normal temperature to a high temperature, and then discharged to use hot water.

The heat exchanger 4 is connected to a cold water pipe 5 and a hot water pipe 6, and the cold water pipe 5 and the hot water pipe 6 constitute a water passage, and the heat exchanger 4 is connected between the cold water pipe 5 and the hot water pipe 6. One end of the cold water pipe 5 has a cold water inlet 51, which can be connected to a suitable water source for inputting cold water to be heated, and the cold water pipe 5 can also be provided with a water amount detecting device 7 for detecting water inflow. The amount of water. One end of the hot water pipe 6 has a hot water outlet 61. The gas water heater may further include a control unit 8 such as a fan 2 electrically connected to the control unit 8 to control the combustion condition to generate hot water by the control unit 8.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 simultaneously, the heat exchanger 4 has a plurality of fins 41 disposed at intervals and a water pipe 42 disposed through the fins 41. The fins 41 and the water pipes 42 are made of a highly heat conductive material (such as copper). The water pipe 42 is connected to the cold water pipe 5 at one end and to the hot water pipe 6 at the other end, so that the water pipe 42 is connected to the cold water pipe 5 and the hot water pipe. Between 6. The cold water to be heated may be input from the cold water inlet 51 and the cold water line 5, the cold water is sent to the heat exchanger 4, the cold water enters the heat exchanger 4 for heat exchange, and then the hot water is outputted from the hot water line 6 and the hot water outlet 61. For the user to use.

Referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 , the heat exchanger 4 is a split fin design. The fins 41 are substantially rectangular. The fins 41 are respectively provided with a plurality of through holes 411 , and the through holes 411 can be distributed. In the upper half, the lower half and the middle of the fin 41, etc. The water pipe 42 is disposed in the through hole 411 of the fins 41, and the water pipe 42 and the through hole 411 are also soldered. The fins 41 mainly absorb the heat energy of the lower combustion hot gas, so that the fins 41 generate high temperature and high heat, so as to exchange heat with the water in the water pipe 42, so that the water pipe 42 can be used for discharging hot water.

The fins 41 are respectively punched and formed with a plurality of convex portions (or bumps) 412, and the convex portions 412 can protrude from one side of the fins 41 so that the convex portions 412 have an appropriate height to form a one-way direction. Split-type convex part. Of course, the protrusions 412 may also protrude from both sides of the fin 41 to form a bidirectional slit protrusion. In the present embodiment, the convex portion 412 is disposed at the upper half and the middle of the fin 41, but is not limited thereto, and the convex portion 412 may be disposed on the lower half of the fin 41 or the entire fin 41. position. Each of the fins 41 may be provided with two to six rows of convex portions 412, and the number of the convex portions 412 of each row is three to eight or the like.

The protrusions 412 can be rectangular, trapezoidal or the like. In the embodiment, the protrusions 412 are trapezoidal, and the trapezoidal protrusions 412 are adjacent to the through holes 411. The matching holes 411 are designed to be trapezoidal to increase the area thereof. An air inlet 413 and an air outlet 414 are further formed between the lower edge and the upper edge of the convex portion 412 and the fin 41. The convex portion 412 is connected to the fin 41 on both sides, and one side or both sides of the convex portion 412 Set diagonally. Since the configuration of the convex portion 412 is substantially the same as the prior art, and the present invention does not limit the configuration of the convex portion 412, it will not be described again.

The invention can be further defined as follows: the spacing between each adjacent two fins is Fp, the diameter of the water pipe (or the inner diameter of the perforation) is d _H , and the vertical distance of the uppermost convex portion from the upper edge of the water pipe at the lower side is SL, the convex portion The width is Sw and the height of the protrusion is Sh.

If the following relationship conditions are met, better thermal efficiency can be achieved: Sh/Sw=0.05~0.3, Sh/Fp=0.3~0.8, Sw/Fp=2~8.

Better thermal efficiency can be achieved if the following relationship conditions are met: SL = (0.5 ~ 2.5) d _H .

The best thermal efficiency is achieved if the following relationship conditions are met: Sh/Sw = 0.13, SL = 1.4d _H , Sh/Fp = 0.5, Sw/Fp = 3.9.

Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the present invention is mainly provided with a plurality of eddy current generators 415 respectively on the fins 41 . The configurations of the eddy current generators 415 are not limited, and may be, for example, a wave shape or a pyramid shape. This embodiment discloses a wave type eddy current generator 415. The eddy current generators 415 are respectively formed by punching the fins 41, and the eddy current generators 415 may protrude from one side or the other side of the fins 41, respectively. Each of the eddy current generators 415 includes a circular arc portion A and an inclined surface portion B. The circular arc portion A is an arc-shaped convex body having a fan-shaped cross section, and an outer edge of the circular arc portion A forms an arc surface A1. . The inclined surface portion B is located above the circular arc portion A, and the inclined surface portion B is connected to the circular arc portion A. The outer edge of the inclined surface portion B forms a slope B1, and the lower end of the inclined surface B1 is connected to the upper end of the circular arc surface A1, and the inclined surface B1 is inclined from bottom to top toward the fin 41, and is defined as follows: the distance between each adjacent two fins is Fp, the width of the vortex generator is w1, the radius of the arc of the arc portion of the vortex generator is wr, and the vortex generator circle The arc angle of the arc is wa, the vertical distance of the lower edge of the vortex generator from the center point of the water pipe below is Wh, the horizontal pitch of the water pipe is Pt, and the longitudinal pitch of the water pipe is P1.

If the following relationship conditions are met, better thermal efficiency can be achieved: w1 = (1.32 ~ 2.86) Fp, wr = (0.4 ~ 0.9) Fp, wa = 100 ~ 150 degrees.

The best thermal efficiency is achieved if the following relationship conditions are met: w1 = 2.3 Fp, wr = 0.7 Fp, wa = 132 degrees.

A better thermal efficiency can be achieved if the following relationship conditions are met: Wh = (0.2 - 0.62) P1.

The best thermal efficiency is achieved if the following relationship conditions are met: Wh = 0.3P1.

[Second embodiment]

Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4 and 8 to 10, the present embodiment discloses a pyramid type eddy current generator 416. The eddy current generators 416 are respectively formed by punching the fins 41, and the eddy current generators 416 may protrude from one side or the other side of the fins 41, respectively. Each vortex generator 416 is a pyramid having a triangular bottom C and a plurality of slopes D. The vortex generator 416 is attached to the fins 41 at the bottom C and is defined as follows: each adjacent The distance between the two fins is Fp, the width of the vortex generator is g1, the length of the vortex generator is gt, the height of the vortex generator is gh, the vertical height of the lower edge of the vortex generator from the upper point of the water pipe is Ph, and the horizontal pitch of the water pipe is Pt, the longitudinal pitch of the water pipe is P1.

Better thermal efficiency can be achieved if the following relationship conditions are met: G1=(1.3~3.3)Fp, gt=(1.6~3.8)Fp, gh=(0.3~1.2)Fp.

The best thermal efficiency is achieved if the following relationship conditions are met: g1 = 2.3 Fp, gt = 2.8 Fp, gh = 0.8 Fp.

A better thermal efficiency can be achieved if the following relationship conditions are met: Ph = (0.25 - 0.72) Pt.

The optimum thermal efficiency is achieved if the following relationship conditions are met: Ph = 0.4 Pt.

Therefore, according to the special design of the heat exchanger, the vortex generators can generate eddy currents, so that the thermal efficiency of the water heater of the invention can be effectively improved. According to experimental results, the water heater of the invention, for example, when the input power is 33.1 kW, The heat exchangers of the same size and number of heat-absorbing fins are designed as benchmarks: V0 is a general flat heat exchanger, V1 is a commercially available heat exchanger for adding convex portions, and V2 is a convex portion and eddy current generator for the present invention. The heat exchanger has been verified that the heat efficiency of the V0 version of the heat exchanger is only 80%, the heat efficiency of the V1 version of the heat exchanger is only 80.9%, and the heat exchanger using the version of the invention has a thermal efficiency of 84.8%, so the present invention Can make the water heater reachable The better thermal efficiency, in turn, reduces the heating time and avoids the waste of gas energy.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalents of the present invention and the equivalents of the drawings are all included in the present invention. Within the scope of protection, it is given to Chen Ming.

41‧‧‧Fins

411‧‧‧Perforation

412‧‧‧ convex

413‧‧‧ inlet

414‧‧‧ gas outlet

415‧‧‧ eddy current generator

416‧‧‧ eddy current generator

d _H ‧‧‧Water pipe diameter

SL‧‧‧The lowermost convex part is perpendicular to the upper edge of the water pipe below

Wh‧‧‧ vertical height distance from the lower edge of the water pipe at the lower edge of the vortex generator

The vertical height distance of the center point of the water pipe above the lower edge of the Ph ‧ ‧ vortex generator

Claims (14)

A gas water heater includes: a body; a fan disposed inside the body; a burner disposed inside the body; a heat exchanger disposed inside the body, and The burner is located between the fan and the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger has a plurality of spaced fins and a water pipe, one end of the water pipe is connected to a cold water pipe, and the other end of the water pipe is connected to a hot water pipe Each of the fins is provided with a plurality of perforations, and the water pipe is disposed in the through holes of the fins. The fins are respectively formed with a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of eddy current generators, and the eddy current generators are wave-shaped Each vortex generator includes a circular arc portion and a slope portion, the slope portion is located above the circular arc portion, and the slope portion is connected to the circular arc portion; and defining a spacing between each adjacent two fins is Fp The width of the vortex generator is w1, the radius of the arc of the arc portion of the vortex generator is wr, and the arc angle of the arc portion of the vortex generator is wa, which satisfies the following relationship: w1=(1.32~2.86) Fp , wr=(0.4~0.9)Fp, wa=100~150 degrees Wherein the pipe is defined at the center point of the vertical height distance from the lower edge of the vortex generators of this Wh, the longitudinal pitch of the pipes P1, satisfies the following relationship: Wh = (0.2 ~ 0.62) P1. The gas water heater according to claim 1, wherein an outer edge of the circular arc portion forms a circular arc surface, and an outer edge of the inclined surface portion forms a sloped surface, and a lower end of the inclined surface is connected to an upper end of the circular arc surface, the inclined surface Tilt from the bottom to the fin. The gas water heater according to claim 1, wherein the following relationship is more satisfied: w1=2.3Fp, wr=0.7Fp, and wa=132 degrees. The gas water heater according to claim 1, wherein the following relationship is more satisfied: Wh=0.3P1. A gas water heater comprising: a fan; the fan is disposed inside the body; a burner disposed inside the body; a heat exchanger disposed inside the body, and the burner is located in the fan Between the heat exchangers, the heat exchanger has a plurality of spaced fins and a water pipe, one end of the water pipe is connected to a cold water pipe, and the other end of the water pipe is connected to a hot water pipe, and the fins are respectively a plurality of perforations are provided, the water pipes are disposed in the through holes of the fins, and the fins are respectively formed with a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of eddy current generators, wherein the eddy current generators are pyramidal, each eddy current generator has a a bottom and a plurality of slopes; and defining a spacing of each adjacent fins Fp, the eddy current generator width is g1, the eddy current generator length is gt, and the vortex generator height is gh, satisfying the following relationship: g1= (1.3~3.3) Fp, gt=(1.6~3.8)Fp, gh=(0.3~1.2)Fp; wherein the vertical height distance of the water pipe center point above the lower edge of the vortex generator is defined as Ph, the water pipe transverse section The distance is Pt, and the following relationship is satisfied: Ph=(0.2 5~0.72) Pt. The gas water heater according to claim 5, wherein the following relationship is more satisfied: g1=2.3Fp, gt=2.8Fp, gh=0.8Fp. The gas water heater according to claim 5, wherein the following relationship is more satisfied: Ph=0.4Pt. A composite heat exchanger for a gas water heater, the composite heat exchanger having a plurality of spaced fins and a water pipe, each of the fins being provided with a plurality of perforations, the water pipes being disposed in the perforations of the fins The fins are respectively formed with a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of eddy current generators, the eddy current generators are wave-shaped, each eddy current generator includes a circular arc portion and a slope portion, and the inclined surface portion is located at the circular arc portion Above the upper portion, and the inclined surface portion is connected to the circular arc portion; the distance between each adjacent two fins is Fp, the width of the eddy current generator is w1, and the radius of the arc of the circular portion of the eddy current generator is wr, the eddy current The arc angle of the arc portion of the generator is Wa, which satisfies the following relationship: W1=(1.32~2.86)Fp, wr=(0.4~0.9)Fp, wa=100~150 degrees; wherein the vertical height of the water pipe center point below the lower edge of the vortex generator is defined as Wh, the longitudinal section of the water pipe The distance is P1, and the following relationship is satisfied: Wh=(0.2~0.62) P1. The composite heat exchanger of the gas water heater according to claim 8, wherein an outer edge of the circular arc portion forms a circular arc surface, and an outer edge of the inclined surface portion forms a sloped surface, and a lower end of the inclined surface is connected to the circular arc The upper end of the face is inclined from bottom to top toward the fin. The composite heat exchanger of the gas water heater according to claim 8, wherein the following relationship is more satisfied: w1 = 2.3 Fp, wr = 0.7 Fp, and wa = 132 degrees. The composite heat exchanger of the gas water heater according to claim 8, wherein the following relationship is more satisfied: Wh=0.3P1. A composite heat exchanger for a gas water heater, the composite heat exchanger having a plurality of spaced fins and a water pipe, each of the fins being provided with a plurality of perforations, the water pipes being disposed in the perforations of the fins The fins are respectively formed with a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of eddy current generators, the eddy current generators are pyramidal type, each eddy current generator has a bottom and a plurality of inclined surfaces; and the spacing between each adjacent two fins is defined as Fp The vortex generator has a width of g1, the eddy current generator has a length of gt, and the vortex generator has a height of gh, and satisfies the following relationship: g1=(1.3~3.3) Fp, gt=(1.6~3.8) Fp, gh= (0.3~1.2) Fp; wherein the vertical height distance of the water pipe center point above the lower edge of the vortex generator is defined as Ph, and the horizontal pitch of the water pipe is Pt, which satisfies the following relationship: Ph=(0.25~0.72) Pt. The composite heat exchanger of the gas water heater according to claim 12, wherein the following relationship is more satisfied: g1 = 2.3 Fp, gt = 2.8 Fp, gh = 0.8 Fp. The composite heat exchanger of the gas water heater according to claim 12, wherein the following relationship is more satisfied: Ph=0.4Pt.