TWI542772B - Simple tye lock device and a handle device having such lock device - Google Patents

Description

Simple lock device and handle device with the simple lock device SIMPLE TYPE LOCK DEVICE AND A HANDLE DEVICE HAVING SUCH LOCK DEVICE

The present invention relates to a simple lock device that is used when a handle device for a door panel such as a machine storage cabinet such as a switchboard or a control panel is mounted, and a handle device including the simple lock device. In particular, in the mounting opening formed in the door panel, the case in which the handle is attached is inserted from the back side of the casing, and the flange which is provided on the outer side of the front surface of the casing is abutted on the front side of the door panel. A simple lock device having a handle device of a mounting type fixed around the edge of the opening, and a handle device including the simple lock device.

Conventionally, when the handle device is attached to the door panel, an opening for forming a housing of the handle device is formed on the door panel, and a screw hole or a through hole is bored at a portion close to both end portions thereof, and the housing is buried. After entering the opening for the installation, the screw hole of the screw entry screw plate is inserted through the through hole of the housing from the front side of the door panel, or the screw is screwed into the screw hole of the body casing through the through hole of the door panel from the back side of the door panel. This is fixed to the door panel. In the mounting of the handle device, in addition to the mounting opening of the housing to which the door panel is to be provided, the screw holes or the through holes must be provided close to both end portions of the opening, and the opening must be processed. In addition, when the screw is fixed, the handle device must be pushed from the front side of the door panel to the mounting position. In this way, since the mounting work is inefficient, it is generally used to provide a front panel having an outer peripheral edge abutting on the front surface of the door panel at the front end portion of the casing, and mounting the fixing block member on the front panel by screws. On the back side, the edge of the mounting opening of the starter panel is clamped between the front panel of the casing and the block for fixing, and the screw is locked, thereby fixing the handle device. Thus, in the case where the handle device is attached to the door panel, the mounting form using the screw is the mainstream. Such a handle device and its mounting form are described in JP-09-53346-A and the like.

However, in the above-described mounting form of the handle device, since the screw is used when the case is mounted on the door panel, there is a problem that the work of inserting/threading the screw into the screw hole is necessary, which causes troubles in the work.

The present invention solves the aforementioned problems, and an object thereof is to mount a housing to a door panel in a one touch manner without using a screw, and to perform installation work. Significantly improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a simple lock device for use in a handle device mounted on a door panel, the handle device having a housing having an opening on the front side and a flange on the outer circumference of the front surface; The undulating rotation is installed in the casing; and the buckle is pivotally supported (pivotablely supported as a pivotable support, referred to as a pivotal branch) on the back side of the casing, and is operatively coupled The handle is fastened and disengaged with respect to the buckle (snap) on the fixed frame side by the operation of the handle; and the housing is inserted from the back side of the housing to the mounting opening formed in the door panel And a handle device of the mounting form in which the flange is abutted against the edge of the mounting opening on the front side of the door panel, and is characterized by: The simple lock device is composed of at least two lock members that are press-fitted into recesses formed in at least two faces of the peripheral surface of the housing, wherein each of the lock members has a predetermined rigid and elastic plastic material is formed as an integrally molded product, and includes: a base that can be press-fitted into each of the grooves of the casing; and a lock piece that is coupled to the base by a hinge at a base end; The lock member is embedded in the groove, the front end of the lock piece extends obliquely toward the back side of the flange of the casing, and abuts against the back surface of the door panel, and the handle device is opposite to the door panel In the mounting, the lock member is attached to the handle device by fixing the base to the recess of the housing, and the housing is inserted into the mounting opening to abut the flange of the housing. The periphery of the edge of the opening for mounting, and the lock piece of each of the lock members is pressurized and elastically deformed while being edged by the opening of the opening, and is passed through to the door panel. The back side and the edge portion of the mounting opening of the distal end sandwiched between the flange of the lock plate, the lock plate by the door with respect to the stationary state of the reaction force.

In the present invention, it is preferred to adopt the following constitution in each part.

(1) A locking portion having a substantially L-shaped cross section that is engageable with the edge of the mounting opening is provided at the front end of the lock piece.

(2) A groove-shaped cut-in portion at the outer peripheral portion of the base.

(3) a hole or a groove is formed in the inner circumference of the groove on the circumferential surface of the casing, and is on the base The outer circumference has protrusions that can engage the aforementioned holes or grooves.

(4) The casing is formed by molding of a mold, and the groove formed on the inner circumference of the groove on the circumferential surface of the casing is a groove formed to be formed when the mold is formed.

Furthermore, the present invention is a handle device mounted on a door panel, comprising: a housing having an opening on the front side and a flange on the outer circumference of the front surface; the handle being rotatably mounted in the housing; and the buckle And rotatably pivotally supported on the back side of the casing, and operably coupled to the handle, and the handle can be engaged with the buckle on the side of the fixed frame by the operation of the handle And a mounting type in which the housing is inserted from the back side of the housing to the mounting opening formed in the door panel, and the flange is abutted against the edge of the mounting opening on the front side of the door panel. The device is characterized in that it has the above-described simple lock device.

(1) The simple lock device of the present invention is constructed as described above, and is mounted on the handle device by fixing the base to the groove of the casing in the attachment of the handle device to the door panel, and inserting the casing into the mounting Opening, the flange of the casing abuts around the edge of the opening for installation, and the lock piece is pressed and elastically deformed at the edge of the opening for installation, and is passed through to the back side of the door panel to be installed. The edge of the opening is clamped between the front end of the lock piece and the flange, and the state is fixed by the reaction force of the lock piece with respect to the door panel. Therefore, by simply inserting the casing into the mounting opening of the door panel and abutting the flange of the casing against the front surface of the door panel, the handle device can be surely attached and fixed to the mounting opening of the door panel. Therefore, by using the lock device, the handle device can be mounted in a one-touch manner without using a screw. The door panel can be greatly improved in installation work.

(2) The handle device of the present invention is constructed as described above, and the handle device is attached to the handle device by fixing the base of the simple lock device to the recess of the housing in the mounting of the handle device to the door panel, and the housing is attached Inserting the mounting opening so that the flange of the casing abuts around the edge of the mounting opening, and presses the lock piece to the edge of the mounting opening and elastically deforms it, and passes through to the back side of the door panel. The edge of the opening for mounting is clamped between the front end of the lock piece and the flange, and the state is fixed by the reaction force of the lock piece with respect to the door panel. Therefore, by simply inserting the casing into the mounting opening of the door panel and abutting the flange of the casing against the front surface of the door panel, the handle device can be surely attached and fixed to the mounting opening of the door panel. Therefore, the handle device can be attached to the door panel in a one-touch manner without using a screw, and the installation work can be greatly improved.

Next, the form for carrying out the invention will be described using the drawings. Figs. 1 and 2 show the handle device, and the main portions thereof are shown in Figs. 3 to 8.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the handle device 1 includes a housing 10 having an opening 10 on the front surface, a flange 11 on the outer circumference of the front surface, and being fixed to the door panel, and a transmission mechanism 13 and a spring means 2 a handle 14 that is rotatably mounted in the housing 12; a button-type stopper 15 that is disposed on the front side of the housing 12 so as to be engaged and disengaged from the rotating side end of the handle 14; It is rotatably pivotally supported on the back side of the casing 12, and is operatively coupled to the handle 14, and is operated by the handle 14 to be fixed with respect to the frame body side of the box body or the like (omitted a buckle 16 that is fastened and detached; a lock unit 17 that is assembled to the handle 14 and has a lock plate (locking member) 171 that can be fixed to the buckle portion 123 on the side of the casing 12; and is assembled to the handle 14, And the lock plate 171 of the lock unit 17 is operatively coupled with the rotation operation of the key 18 to switch between the lock state when the lock unit 17 is locked by the lock unit 17, and the non-locking state when the lock is released. . Further, in the handle device 1, the casing 12 is inserted into the opening for forming the door panel from the back side of the casing, and the flange 11 is brought into contact with the edge of the mounting opening on the front side of the door panel and fixed. The mounting form is provided with a simple lock device 4 for use in the installation.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the casing 12 is formed into a substantially box shape having an opening 10 on the front surface and a longitudinal length of the flange 11 on the outer circumference of the front side by zinc die casting. Inside the (opening 10) of the casing 12, a handle 14 is fitted in a fitting manner, and the push-type concave stopper 15 is attached to the extension of the rotating side end of the handle 14 in a tiltable manner. section. At this time, the shaft portion 121 for attaching the handle shaft 51 of the handle 14 is formed in the upper portion of the casing 12, and is formed on the lower side of the intermediate portion in the vertical direction so that the back side of the casing 12 protrudes slightly outward. The cylindrical locking portion 17 and the cylindrical recess 122 of the indicator 3 are fitted. At a predetermined position of the upper surface of the cylindrical recess 122 close to the back side of the casing 12, a buckle portion 123 for locking the lock plate 171 of the lock unit 17 is formed in a concave shape. Further, on each of the upper and lower surfaces of the casing 12, grooves 124 and 125 which are substantially rectangular in plan view shape when the mold is formed are formed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the handle 14 is made of a zinc alloy or a stainless steel, and is formed in a longitudinally long plate shape that can be fitted into the opening 10 on the front surface of the casing 12, and is attached to the handle shaft 51 via the handle shaft 51. Housing 12. At this time, the handle shaft 51 is formed in the cylindrical portion 121 of the casing 12 so as to be insertably inserted, and is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section at the center of the lower portion of the front end portion to form the rotating shaft 1 relative thereto. The shaft insertion portion 511 is inserted at a right angle to the horizontal direction in the axial direction, and an inclined surface is formed at a predetermined angle toward the upper portion (the position at which the end edge portion of the pivot end portion of the handle 14 is connected) 512. Corresponding to this, at the pivot end side of the handle 14, that is, the upper back side, a shaft insertion portion 140 for inserting one of the rotation shafts 13 to the shaft insertion portion 140 for gripping the handle shaft 51 from the outside is provided. The 511 is protruded at right angles from the back surface of the handle 14 in parallel at predetermined intervals, and an inclined surface 141 at a predetermined angle of the inclined surface 512 of the handle shaft 51 is formed at an edge portion of the upper portion thereof.

In the handle 14, a lock unit housing portion 142 and an indicator assembly portion 145 are formed in combination with the rotation side end portion. The lock unit accommodating portion 142 is formed in a cylindrical shape on the back side of the lower portion of the handle 14, and is formed in a center in the lower portion of the front surface of the handle 14 abutting on the core, and the hole 143 facing the key hole 170 of the lock unit 17 is formed into a circle. shape. Further, on the back side of the upper portion and the lower portion of the lock unit housing portion 142, facing the buckle portion 123 on the casing 12 side, the lock plate 171 of the lock unit 17 can be advanced and retracted relative to the buckle portion 123. Guide hole 144. The indicator embedding portion 145 is formed adjacent to the upper portion of the lock unit housing portion 142, and the center of the front portion of the handle 14 of the lock unit housing portion 142 that abuts directly above the hole 143 has a display window of the indicator 3. The opening 146 is formed with a positioning projection 147 for the indicator 3 (actuating lever 30) at a predetermined position at which the rear side display window 146 is slightly separated from above.

A locking claw 148 engageable with the stopper 15 is provided at an edge portion of the rotation side of the handle 14. The locking claw 148 has a locking portion 149 formed at a lower end of the handle 14 and engageable with the stopper 15; and is formed inside the locking portion 149 and pushes the stopper from the upper side 15, the stopper 15 is rotated in the downward direction by the inclined guide surface 150.

The handle shaft 51 is fitted into the barrel portion 121 of the housing 12 so as to be rotatable and cannot move in the axial direction, and the handle 14 is fitted inside the opening 10 of the housing 12. In a state where one of the handle shafts 51 grips the shaft insertion portion 511 between the one of the handles 14 and the shaft insertion portion 140, the rotation shaft 13 is inserted from one side of the housing 12 to the other side, and is inserted. One of the upper portions of the handle 14 is opposite to the shaft insertion portion 140 and the shaft insertion portion 511 of the handle shaft 51. A spring means 2 is wound around a rotating shaft 13 between the one of the handle shafts 51 and the shaft insertion portion 511. The handle 14 is attached to the housing 12 by being elastically biased from the opening 10 to a predetermined standing position.

The spring means 2 is provided as shown in Fig. 3, and is provided around the rotating shaft 13 so as to be wound in the direction of the rotation of the rotating shaft 13 by the direction in which the handle 14 is bounced, and is caused to be ejected by The upward adjustment of the spring 14 by the rotation of the handle 14 in the direction of the return of the rotating shaft 13; and the adjustment of the spring 13 by the rotation of the rotating shaft 13 in the direction in which the handle 14 is bounced The spring-up spring 22 is wound on the spring 21; by the interaction of the spring adjustment spring 21 and the spring-up spring 22, the spring of the handle 14 is adjusted to a suitable speed at a low speed. At this time, as shown in Fig. 5, the upper spring 22 is usually a right-wound coil spring used for the handle. As shown in Fig. 4, the upper adjustment spring 21 is a wire diameter ratio spring 22 A coil spring that is small (thin) and that is wound in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the spring 22. As shown in FIG. 3, the coil spring 21 for spring adjustment is inserted into the column 23, and the coil spring 21 is injected with the viscous liquid 24, and is wound around the rotating shaft 13, and the elastic The coil spring 22 used above is wound around the outer side of the column 23.

Thus, the handle 14 can be rotated from the opening 10 of the housing 12 to a predetermined upright position by the rotation of the coil spring 22 for the spring. At the time of the rotation, the coil spring 21 for the upper adjustment is wound in the direction of the locking rotary shaft 13, and the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 13 is decelerated by the action of the viscous liquid 24, and Adjust the spring of the handle 14 to a slow rotation at a low speed. Further, when the handle 14 is returned to the casing 12, the handle 14 is pushed back into the casing 12 against the rotational elastic force of the coil spring 22 for the bomb. At this time, since the coil spring 21 for the upper adjustment is wound back in the locking direction of the loosening rotary shaft 13, the load of the coil spring 21 for the upper adjustment for the rotating shaft 13 disappears without It has any influence on the pushback action of the handle 14.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the push button type stopper 15 is made of zinc alloy or stainless steel, and is formed in a substantially rectangular plate shape that can be fitted to the lower portion of the front opening 10 of the casing 12, and One end (in this case, the upper end portion 151) is formed in a substantially arc shape in a cross section that slightly enters the inside of the casing 12. Furthermore, the pair of arm portions 152 protrude from the back surface, and a shaft insertion hole 153 is bored at the protruding end thereof. The stopper 15 is such that the pair of arm portions 152 are inserted into the inside of the casing 12 and embedded in the lower portion of the front opening 10. Further, the shaft 154 is inserted from one side of the casing 12 to the other side and is passed through the shaft insertion hole 153 of each arm portion 152 of the stopper 15. A coil spring 155 is wound around the shaft 154, and one end is fastened to the back surface of the casing 12, and the other end is fastened to the lower portion of the back surface of the stopper 15. At this time, the coil spring 155 on the stopper 15 side is stronger than the coil spring 22 for the spring on the handle 14 side. Thus, the push-button stopper 15 is rotatably mounted such that the upper end portion 151 slightly enters the inside of the opening 10 of the casing 12, and the upper end portion 151 is detachably engaged from the rotational side end portion of the handle 14. Buckle claw 148.

Therefore, by pushing the handle 14 back from the predetermined upright position toward the opening 10 of the housing 12, the rotational side end portion of the handle 14, that is, the lower end guide surface 150 of the handle 14 and the upper end portion 151 of the stopper 15 Abutting, and rotating the stopper 15 downward, when the lower end of the handle 14 passes over the upper end 151 of the stopper 15, the stopper 15 is elastically restored to the original position, and the lower end of the handle 14 is buckled. The portion 149 is engaged with the upper end portion 151 of the stopper 15. Since the spring force of the coil spring 155 on the stopper 15 side is stronger than the spring force of the coil spring 22 on the handle 14 side, the handle 14 is held at a predetermined lodging position in the casing 12. Further, in this state, when the front lower portion of the stopper 15 is pushed, the stopper 15 is rotationally displaced downward, and the buckle portion 149 at the lower end of the handle 14 and the upper end portion 151 of the stopper 15 are buckled. The assembly is released and the handle 14 is pivoted from the inside of the housing 12 to a predetermined upright position.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the clip 16 is made of iron or stainless steel, and is formed into a substantially rectangular shape that is long in the lateral direction by press working (punching processing), and is formed close to one end thereof. A shaft hole 160 of the handle shaft 51. At this time, the handle shaft 51 is reduced in diameter on the back side of the casing 12, and its end portion is formed as an angular shaft portion 513, and the shaft hole 160 of the fastener 16 is formed as an angular shaft hole corresponding to the angular shaft portion. The clip 16 is inserted through the C-ring 52 for preventing the fall-off, and the shaft hole 160 is engaged with the shaft portion 513 to be inserted into the handle shaft 51 so as to be non-rotatable, and the screw hole 514 at the front end of the shaft portion 513 is locked. A bolt 515 is fixed. Thus, by rotating the handle 14 in the predetermined opening direction at the predetermined protruding position, the handle shaft 51 is integrally rotated in the same direction through the rotating shaft 13, and the buckle 16 is fastened to the fastening portion on the side of the fixed frame body. . When the handle 14 is rotated in the opposite direction to the opposite direction, the handle shaft 51 is integrally rotated in the same direction through the rotating shaft 13, and the clip 16 is detached from the portion on the side of the fixed frame.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lock unit 17 is configured to rotate the rotor 172 by inserting the key 18 into the key hole 170 of the front surface, and to rotate the lock plate 171 in conjunction with this. At this time, in the case of locking the rotor 172 to the internal lock mechanism of the lock body, a known disc tumbler lock mechanism is used, and a position in the rear end surface of the rotor 172 which is eccentric from the center of rotation is protruded. The cam protrusion 173 for driving.

The lock plate 171 is formed of a plate-like member, and a passive groove 174 is formed in the lateral direction thereof. The lock unit 17 is embedded and fixed to the lock unit housing portion 142 formed at the rotation side end portion of the handle 14, and the lock plate 171 is inserted in the upper and lower back side of the lock unit housing portion 142 in a pluggable manner. Hole 144. By rotating the rotor 172 of the lock unit 17, the cam projection 173 of the rotor 172 pushes against the inner side of the slot 174 of the lock plate 171, so that the lock plate 171 passes through the upper and lower guide holes 144 with respect to the housing 12 side. The buckle portion 123 advances and retreats.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the indicator 3 is composed of the following members: a display window 146 for displaying the locked state or the non-locked state of the handle 14; and a buckle portion 123 on the side of the casing 12 Between the display window 146, the actuating lever (actuating member) 30 of the lock plate 171 of the pivotal lock unit 17 is slidably coupled to the buckle portion 71; and the actuating lever 30 is normally The spring means 33 is biased at one end in a direction opposite to the buckle portion 123 on the side of the casing 12. The display window 146 is close to the keyhole 170 of the lock unit 17 and forms an opening in the handle 14. At this time, at the center of the lower portion of the surface of the handle 14 of the indicator assembly portion 145 which abuts on the front center, directly above the keyhole 170 An opening is formed. One end of the actuating lever 30 forms a latching portion 31 interposed between the buckle portion 123 on the side of the housing 12 and the lock plate 171 of the lock unit 17, and the other end is provided with a lock having a locking state for displaying the handle 14. The solid state display portion and the display member 32 of the non-locking state display portion that displays the unlocked state of the handle 14. At this time, the operation lever 30 is constituted by a block member that can be disposed in the indicator assembly portion 145 formed on the back side of the lower portion of the handle 14 in the horizontal direction, as shown in Fig. 6, between the ends of the actuating lever 30. A shaft insertion portion 301 is formed in the center. One end of the actuating lever 30 on the side of the buckle portion 123 is formed with a convex portion 311 that protrudes upward and is engageable with the buckle portion 123, and a lock plate 171 with respect to the lock unit 17 is formed on the lower surface thereof. The fastening surface 312 of the front end face. At the other end of the actuating lever 30, that is, at the end of the display window 146 side, a display panel 320 facing the display window 146 and having a larger opening area is formed. A sticker such as a blue indicating the locked state of the handle 14 is attached to the upper half of the surface of the display panel 320, and a locking state display portion 321 is formed, and the display handle 14 is non-locked in the lower half. For example, a red sticker is formed, and a non-locking state display portion 322 is formed. Further, as shown in Fig. 2, the lower shaft 34 of the handle 14 is inserted from the one side surface to the other side surface, and is passed through the shaft insertion portion 301 at the center between the both ends of the actuating lever 30. A coil spring of the spring means 33 is wound around the shaft 34, and one end thereof is fastened to the front side of the circumferential surface of the lock unit housing portion 142 of the handle 14, and the other end is fastened to the front surface of the lower surface of the actuating lever 30. side.

When the key 18 inserted into the keyhole 170 of the lock unit 17 is rotated in the predetermined closing direction, the lock plate 171 is engaged with the engaging portion 31 (the engaging surface 312) at one end of the actuating lever 30, and the one end is pushed upward. The pressing force of the actuating lever 30 is swayed, and the convex portion 311 of the engaging portion 31 is engaged with the buckle portion 123 of the casing 12 side. In other words, the lock lever 171 of the lock unit 17 is fixed to the buckle portion 123 on the side of the casing 12 through the engaging portion 31 (the convex portion 311) of the actuating lever 30. At the same time, in the other end, the lock state display portion 321 of the display member 32 faces the display window 146, and the lock state (blue) of the lock unit 17 is displayed. Further, when the key 18 of the lock unit 17 is opened in the opposite direction in this state, the engagement between the lock plate 171 and the engaging portion 31 (the engaging surface 311) is released, and the coil spring 33 is biased and actuated. The convex portion 311 at one end of the rod 30 is detached from the buckle portion 123, and in the other end, the non-locking state display portion 322 of the display member 32 faces the display window 146, and the non-locking state of the lock unit 17 is displayed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the simple lock device 4 is a groove 124 which is fitted by pressure on a surface facing the circumferential surface of the casing 12 (in this case, two surfaces above and below), The two lock members 41 and 42 of 125 are formed. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , each of the lock members 41 and 42 is formed of a plastic material having predetermined rigidity and elasticity, and is integrally molded and press-fitted into each of the grooves 124 of the casing 12 . The bases 411 and 421 of the 125; and the lock pieces 413 and 423 whose base ends are coupled to the bases 411 and 421 through the hinges 412 and 422. In a state in which the lock members 41 and 42 are fitted to the grooves 124 and 125, the front ends of the lock pieces 413 and 423 are obliquely extended toward the back side of the flange 11 of the casing 12, and can be abutted against the back surface of the door panel 6. Pick up. At this time, each of the grooves 124 and 125 on the upper and lower surfaces of the casing 12 is a groove formed in the upper and lower surfaces when the mold of the casing 12 is molded. The entire two lock members 41 and 42 are formed by a polyamide resin, in particular, PA6, in combination with the size and shape of each of the grooves 124 and 125 on the upper and lower surfaces of the casing 12.

As shown in Fig. 7, the base 411 of the lock member 41 at the upper portion of the casing is formed in a substantially flat shape that can be press-fitted into the recess 124 of the upper portion of the casing 12, and corresponds to the front side and the back side of the casing 12. A small groove-shaped cut-in portion 401 is formed in the center of each end edge portion of the side. The lock piece 413 is formed in a substantially flat shape slightly smaller than the base 411, and the hinge is coupled to the end of the base 411 corresponding to the back side of the casing 12, and extends obliquely so as to abut against the back surface of the door panel 6. Further, in the case of the lock member 41, the engaging portion 414 having a substantially L-shaped cross section which is fastened to the upper edge portion of the mounting opening provided in the door panel is formed at the front end of the lock piece 413.

As shown in FIG. 8, the lock member 42 at the lower portion of the casing is formed in a substantially H-shaped planar shape in which the base 421 can be press-fitted into the groove 125 in the lower portion of the casing, and corresponds to the front side and the back side of the casing 12. A large groove-shaped cut-in portion 402, 403 is formed in the center of each end edge portion of the side. The lock piece 423 is formed to be substantially the same size or slightly smaller than the base 421. The glyph is hinged to the end of the base 411 corresponding to the back side of the casing 12, and extends obliquely so as to abut against the back surface of the door panel. Further, in the case of the lock member 42, a convex portion 424 which is engageable around the lower edge portion of the mounting opening provided in the door panel is formed at the front end of the lock piece 423. Further, in order to securely fix the lock member 42 to the handle device 1, the inner circumference of the groove 125 on the lower surface of the casing 12 (here, the predetermined position on the back side of the casing 12 on both sides of the groove 125) A groove (not shown) is formed, and a protrusion 425 that can be engaged with the groove is formed on the outer circumference of the base 421 (here, a predetermined position on the back side of the casing 12 on both side surfaces of the base 421).

Fig. 9 shows a method of mounting the door panel 6 with respect to the handle device 1. Further, a mounting opening 60 of the handle device 1 is formed in advance on the door panel 6. At this time, screw holes or through holes are not required in the door panel 6. First, the lock members 41, 42 are attached to the respective grooves 124, 125 in the upper and lower portions of the casing 12 of the handle device 1, respectively. At this time, the tips of the lock pieces 413 and 423 of the lock members 41 and 42 are directed to the back side of the flange 11, and the bases 411 and 421 are pressed into the grooves 124 and 125 of the case 12. Next, the handle device 1 is attached to the mounting opening 60 provided in the door panel 6. At this time, the handle device 1 is inserted into the mounting opening 60 from the back side of the casing 12, and the flange 11 is brought into contact with the periphery of the edge of the mounting opening 60 with the front side of the door panel 6. By the attachment of the casing 12, the lock piece 413 of the lock member 41 at the upper portion of the casing is elastically deformed by being pressed by the edge of the mounting opening 60, and the cross section at the front end of the lock piece 413 is substantially L-shaped. The edge portion of the mounting opening 60 is sandwiched between the engaging portion 414 and the flange 11, and the state is fixed by the reaction force of the lock piece 413 with respect to the edge portion of the door panel 6. On the other hand, the lock piece 423 of the lock member 42 at the lower portion of the housing is elastically deformed by being pressed by the edge of the mounting opening 60, and between the convex portions 424 at the front end of the lock piece 423 and the flange 11 The edge of the mounting opening 60 is held, and this state is fixed by the reaction force of the lock piece 423 with respect to the edge of the door panel 6. Thereby, the handle device 1 is reliably attached in a state where the mounting opening 60 provided in the door panel 6 is not shaken.

Fig. 10 shows the operation of the other parts of the handle 14 of the handle device 1. When the door panel 6 is closed relative to the fixed frame, generally as shown in Fig. 10 (1), the handle 14 is pushed into a predetermined lodging position in the casing 12, and the buckle portion 149 at the lower end of the handle 14 is buckled. The upper end portion 151 of the button type stopper 15 is stopped and held in the casing 12. In this state, the lock unit housing portion 142 and the indicator assembly portion 145 provided on the back surface of the handle 14 are fitted into the cylindrical recess 122 in the opening 10 of the housing 12, and the clip 16 is on the back of the housing 12. The outer side is horizontally fixed in the longitudinal direction, and is fastened to the buckle on the side of the fixed frame body, and the door panel is locked in a locked state. Further, when the lock unit 17 is locked, the rotor 172 of the lock unit 17 is oriented in a predetermined locking direction, and the lock plate 171 is advanced toward the buckle portion 123 on the casing 12 side via the upper and lower guide holes 144. The lock plate 171 is fastened to the engaging portion 31 (the engaging surface 312) at one end of the actuating lever 30 in the indicator assembly portion 145, and the one end is pressed upward to swing the actuating lever 30. The convex portion 311 of the joint portion 31 is fastened to the buckle portion 123 on the side of the casing 12. Thereby, the lock lever 171 of the lock unit 17 is fixed to the buckle portion 123 on the side of the casing 12 through the engaging portion 31 (the convex portion 311) of the actuating lever 30. At the same time, in the other end of the actuating lever 30, the lock state display portion 321 of the display member 32 faces the display window 146, and the lock state of the lock unit 17 is displayed.

When the door panel 6 is opened relative to the fixed frame, as shown in Fig. 10 (2), the key is inserted into the key hole of the lock unit 17 and rotated in a predetermined non-locking direction, whereby the rotor 172 is intended to be predetermined. In the non-locking direction, the lock plate 171 is retracted toward the lock unit housing portion 142 through the upper and lower guide holes 144. Thereby, the engagement between the lock plate 171 and the actuating lever 30 is released, and by the rotation of the spring means 33, the actuating lever 30 is swung in a direction separating from the side of the buckle portion 123 of the housing 12, and the convex portion 311 is It is detached from the buckle portion 123. At the same time, in the other end of the actuating lever 30, the lock state display portion 321 of the display member 32 faces the display window 146, and the lock state of the lock unit 17 is displayed. Further, when the lower portion of the front surface of the button type stopper 15 is pressed, as shown in Fig. 10 (3), the stopper 15 is rotationally displaced downward, and the buckle portion 149 of the lower end of the handle 14 is blocked. The engagement of the upper end portion 151 of the device 15 is released, and the handle 14 is pivoted by the rotation of the spring means 2 on the rotary shaft 13 to a predetermined standing position. At this time, by rotating the coil spring 22 for spring on the shaft 13, the rotating shaft 13 is rotated and biased, and the handle 14 is rotated. At the same time as the rotation of the rotating shaft 13, the coil spring 21 for the upper adjustment of the rotating shaft 13 is wound in the direction of the locking rotating shaft 13, and by the action of the viscous liquid 24, The rotational speed of the rotating shaft 13 is decelerated and adjusted, and the handle 14 is rotated at a suitable speed at a low speed to slowly eject to a predetermined protruding position. Moreover, by rotating the handle 14 in a predetermined opening position in a predetermined opening direction, the buckle 16 is integrally rotated in the rotation direction of the handle 14, and the fastening of the buckle on the side of the fixed frame body is released. The door panel is unlocked.

When the door panel is closed by this state, the operating system is opposite to the above operation. That is, the handle 14 is first rotated in a predetermined closing direction. Thereby, the clip 16 is integrally rotated with the handle 14 in the same direction, and is fastened to the buckle on the side of the fixed frame. Next, the handle 14 is pushed back into the housing 12. At this time, the coil spring 21 for spring adjustment is wound around the rotating shaft 13 of the handle 14 in the direction of the locking rotating shaft 13, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 13 in the reverse direction is reversed when the handle 14 is pushed back. The coil spring 21 for the upper adjustment is rolled back in the locking direction of the loosening rotary shaft 13, so that the load of the coil spring 21 for the upper adjustment for the rotating shaft 13 disappears without the handle 14 being held. The action of pushing back into the housing 12 has any effect. Therefore, the handle 14 can be pushed back into the casing 12 in the same manner as in the related art, and the operability of the handle 14 can be favorably maintained. By pushing back the handle 14, the rotating side end of the handle 14, that is, the guiding surface 150 of the lower end of the handle 14, abuts against the upper end 151 of the stopper 15 to rotate the stopper 15 downward. When the lower end of the handle 14 passes over the upper end portion 151 of the stopper 15, the stopper 15 is elastically restored to the original position, and the buckle portion 149 at the lower end of the handle 14 is engaged with the upper end portion 151 of the stopper 15. . The lock unit housing portion 142 and the indicator assembly portion 145 provided on the back surface of the handle 14 are fitted into the cylindrical recess portion 122 in the casing 12, and the handle 14 is held in the casing 12, and the door panel is again locked. . Further, a key is inserted into the key hole of the lock unit 17, and the rotation operation is performed in a predetermined locking direction. Thereby, the rotor 172 of the lock unit 17 is rotated in a predetermined locking direction, and the lock plate 171 is advanced toward the buckle portion 123 on the casing 12 side through the upper and lower guide holes 144. The lock plate 171 is engaged with the engaging portion 31 (the engaging surface 312) of one end of the actuating lever 30, and is pushed upward to swing the actuating lever 30, and the convex portion 311 of the engaging portion 31 and the shell The buckle portions 123 on the body 12 side are engaged with each other. Thereby, the lock plate 171 of the lock unit 17 is fixed to the buckle portion 123 on the side of the casing 12 through the engaging portion 31 (the convex portion 311) of the actuating lever 30. At the same time, in the other end of the actuating lever 30, the lock state display portion 321 of the display member 32 faces the display window 146, and the lock state of the lock unit 17 is displayed.

As described above, the handle device 1 is provided with a simple lock device 4 composed of two lock members 41 and 42 respectively, and the two lock members 41 and 42 are respectively made of a plastic material having predetermined rigidity and elasticity (in this case, A polyamide resin, in particular PA6), is formed into an integrally molded product. Each of the lock members 41 and 42 includes bases 411 and 421 that are press-fitted into the respective recesses 124 and 125 of the upper and lower portions of the casing 12, and a lock piece 413 that is coupled to the bases 411 and 421 via the hinges 412 and 422. 423. The front end of the lock piece extends obliquely toward the back side of the flange 11 of the housing 12 and is abuttable against the back surface of the door panel 6. In the mounting of the handle device 1 to the door panel 6, the lock members 41, 42 are respectively attached to the handle device 1 by fixing the bases 411, 421 to the grooves 124, 125 of the casing 12. Next, the case 12 is inserted into the mounting opening 60 provided in the door panel 6, so that the flange 11 abuts around the edge of the mounting opening 60, and the lock pieces 413, 423 are at the edge of the mounting opening 60. The pressure is elastically deformed while passing through the back side of the door panel 6, and the edge of the mounting opening 60 is sandwiched between the front end of the lock pieces 413, 423 and the flange 11. Since the state is fixed by the reaction force of the lock pieces 413 and 423 with respect to the door panel 6, the housing 12 is inserted into the mounting opening 60 provided in the door panel 6, and the flange 11 is abutted against the front surface of the door panel 6, that is, The handle device 1 can be surely mounted and fixed in the mounting opening 60 of the door panel 6. Therefore, the handle device 1 can be attached to the door panel 6 in a one-touch manner without using a screw, and the mounting work can be greatly improved.

Further, in the case of the simple lock device 4, the front end of the lock piece 413 of the lock member 41 at the upper portion of the casing is formed with a substantially L-shaped engaging portion 414 that can be fastened to the edge of the mounting opening 60. The edge portion 61 of the mounting opening 60 is sandwiched between the engaging portion 414 and the flange 11, and the state is fixed by the reaction force of the lock piece 413 with respect to the door panel 6. On the other hand, at the front end of the lock piece 423 of the lock member 42 at the lower portion of the casing, a convex portion 424 which is engageable around the edge portion of the mounting opening 60 of the door panel 6 is formed, and the edge portion 61 of the mounting opening 60 is formed. It is clamped between the convex portion 424 and the flange 11, and is fixed by the reaction force of the lock piece 413 with respect to the door panel 6. Thereby, the handle device 1 is reliably attached in a state where the mounting opening 60 provided in the door panel 6 is not shaken.

Further, in the simple lock device 4, the groove-shaped cut portions 401, 402, and 403 are formed in the outer peripheral portion (more specifically, the end edge portion) of the bases 411 and 421. Therefore, when it is necessary to detach the lock device 4 from the handle device 1, a flat fastener or a thin bar is inserted into the cut portions 401, 402, 403 of the bases 411, 421, and the bases 411, 421 are pulled up, whereby The lock device 4 can be easily removed from the handle device 1.

Further, a groove is formed in the inner circumference of the groove 125 on the lower surface of the casing 12, and a projection 425 engageable with the groove is formed on the outer periphery of the base 421 of the lock member 42 at the lower portion of the casing. Therefore, when the lock member 42 is fitted into the recessed groove 125, since the projection 425 of the lock member 42 is engaged with the groove of the recessed groove 125, the downward direction of the recessed groove 125 can surely prevent the lock member 42 from falling off. And can be securely fixed to the handle device 1. At this time, of course, the groove can be replaced by a groove.

Further, in this embodiment, the casing 12 is formed by molding of the mold, and the grooves 124 and 125 which are formed at the time of molding of the mold are used as the grooves on the circumferential surface of the casing 12, but may be formed after the mold is formed. A dedicated groove for mounting the lock device 4 (the lock members 41, 42) is formed on the circumferential surface of the casing 12, and the lock device 4 (the lock members 41, 42) is attached to the groove. Further, in the case of the lock device 4 (the lock members 41, 42), although they are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the casing 12, they may be attached to the left and right sides of the casing 12, and may be similarly It is mounted on each of the upper and lower sides of the casing 12. Further, in this embodiment, in particular, the lock member 425 is provided in the lock member 42 at the lower portion of the casing, and is engaged with the groove of the groove 125, and the lock member 41 at the upper portion of the casing can be similarly fixed to the groove 124. Even in the above manner, the same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained.

In the present embodiment, the simple lock device 4 is attached to the handle device 1, that is, one of the components of the handle device 1, but the simple lock device 4 may be provided. As a general-purpose part widely used in the handle device of the handle device 1. By attaching the simple lock device 4 to various handle devices, various handle devices can be attached to the door panel (the opening for mounting) in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, and the same operational effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

Further, in the handle device 1, the indicator 3 is disposed on the handle 14, and the indicator 3 is operatively coupled to the lock unit 17, and interlocked with the rotation operation of the key 18 to switch the display to lock the handle by the lock unit 17. The lock condition at 14:00 and the non-locking state when the lock is released. Therefore, it is instantaneously known whether or not the handle 14 is locked or unlocked by the lock unit 17, and the convenience of the opening and closing of the door can be improved. Therefore, as is conventionally known, the following can be avoided or eliminated as much as possible: the lock of the lock unit was originally intended to be locked but the lock was forgotten, or the key handle operation was not known to be locked, or despite the lock. But the key was not prepared.

In particular, the indicator 3 is provided with a display window 146 for displaying the locked state or the non-locked state of the handle 14; and between the buckle portion 123 on the side of the casing 12 and the display window 146, to be shaken The driving lever 30 of the lock plate 171 of the lock unit 17 is pivotally supported in a direction away from the buckle portion 123; in the normal state, one end of the actuating lever 30 is opposite to the buckle portion 123 on the side of the housing 12 The spring means 33 that is biased. The display window 146 is adjacent to the keyhole 170 of the lock unit 17 and opens at the handle 14. One end of the actuating lever 30 forms a latching portion 31 interposed between the buckle portion 123 on the side of the housing 12 and the lock plate 171 of the lock unit 17, and the other end is provided with a lock having a locking state for displaying the handle 14. The solid state display portion 321 and the display member 32 of the non-locking state display portion 322 that displays the unlocked state of the handle 14. The lock plate 171 is engaged with the engaging portion 31 at one end of the actuating lever 30 by the rotating operation of the key 18 inserted into the keyhole 170 of the lock unit 17, and the engaging portion 31 and the housing 12 are buckled. The portion 123 is engaged, and the lock state display portion 321 of the display member 32 faces the display window 146 in the other end of the actuating lever 30. By the rotation operation of the key 18 in the opposite direction, the engagement of the lock plate 171 with the engaging portion 31 at one end of the actuating lever 30 is released, and the engaging portion 31 is detached from the buckle portion 12, and the actuating lever 30 is At the other end, the lock state display portion 322 of the display member 32 faces the display window 146. Therefore, the indicator 3 can be constituted by a part of the lock unit 17 (the lock plate 171) and a simple configuration using the operation thereof, and the indicator 3 which is reliable and high can be provided at low cost.

Further, in this embodiment, the lock unit 17 and the indicator 3 are assembled in the handle 14 via the operating lever 30, and the lock plate 171 is fixed/detached from the buckle portion 123 via the operating lever 30. The lock unit and the indicator are assembled in the housing 12, and the lock plate is fastened and disengaged from the buckle portion provided on the handle side through the actuating lever of the indicator. Even in the above manner, the same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained.

Further, in the handle device 1, the push-pull operation of the stopper 15 is released, and the engagement of the handle 14 with the stopper 15 is released, and by the spring bias of the spring means 2, The handle 14 is bounced from the housing 12 to a predetermined upright position. The spring means 2 is composed of a member that is wound around the rotating shaft 13 of the handle 14 in a direction of locking the rotating shaft 13 by the direction in which the handle 14 is bounced, and is caused to be ejected by The upward adjustment of the spring 14 by the rotation of the handle 14 in the direction of the return of the rotating shaft 13; and the adjustment of the spring 13 by the rotation of the rotating shaft 13 in the direction in which the handle 14 is bounced An upper spring 22 that is wound over the spring 21. By the interaction of the spring adjustment spring 21 and the spring-up spring 22, the speed of the spring of the handle 14 is adjusted, so that the handle can be rotated at a suitable speed at a low speed while being pressed against the button-type stopper 15 14, and slowly play up to the predetermined protruding position. Therefore, the handle 14 does not snap up quickly, and can be bounced at an appropriate speed with a high level of peace of mind when the door does not emit a large collision sound. Further, when the handle 14 is pushed back into the casing 12, since the coil spring 21 for the upper adjustment is wound in the locking direction of the loosening rotary shaft 13 while the rotation of the rotary shaft 13, the The action of pushing the handle 14 back into the casing 12 does not have any influence, and the handle 14 is pushed back into the casing 12 in the same manner as in the related art, and the handle 14 can be favorably maintained. Operationality.

Furthermore, in the case of the spring means 2, the upper adjustment spring 21 is inserted into the column 23, and the spring 21 is injected into the viscous liquid 24, and the spring 22 is wound around the spring. Outside the column 23. Therefore, it is possible to surely prevent the viscous liquid 24 from leaking from the spring means 2.

Further, in this embodiment, the spring means 2 is used as a double structure of the upper adjustment spring 21 and the upper spring 22, and the speed of the spring of the handle 14 is adjusted, but the spring means 2 may be replaced or the spring may be used. The means 2 together arranges the damper between the housing and the handle and adjusts the speed of the handle. At this time, as shown in Fig. 11, the position of the casing 12 at the end of the handle 14 on the side of the rotating shaft 13 abuts or approaches the casing 12, the body of the damper 7 is provided, and the piston of the damper 7 is provided. The rod 71 protrudes toward the end of the handle 14 on the side of the rotating shaft 13, and can be engaged with the end of the handle 14 when the handle 14 is bounced, and the speed of the projectile can be adjusted.

1. . . Handle device

2. . . Spring means

3. . . Indicator

4. . . Simple lock device

6. . . Door panel

7. . . buffer

10. . . Opening

11. . . Flange

12. . . case

13. . . Rotary axis

14. . . handle

15. . . Push button stopper

16. . . Buckle

17. . . Lock unit

18. . . key

twenty one. . . Spring for adjustment (spring coil for spring adjustment)

twenty two. . . Spring for bombing (coil spring for bomb)

twenty three. . . column

twenty four. . . Viscous liquid

30. . . Actuating rod (actuating member)

31. . . Buckle

32. . . Display component

33. . . Spring means (coil spring)

34. . . axis

41. . . Lock member on the upper part of the housing

42. . . Lock member at the lower part of the housing

51. . . Handle shaft

52. . . C ring

60. . . Installation opening

71. . . Piston rod

121. . . Shaft tube

122. . . Cylindrical recess

123. . . Buttoning department

124, 125. . . Groove

140, 301, 511. . . Shaft insertion

141, 512. . . Inclined surface

142. . . Lock unit storage unit

143. . . hole

144. . . Guide hole

145. . . Indicator assembly

146. . . Display window

147. . . Positioning bulge

148. . . Buckle claw

149. . . Buckle section

150. . . Guide surface

151. . . Upper end

152. . . Arm

153. . . Shaft insertion hole

160. . . Shaft hole

170. . . Keyhole

171. . . Lock plate (locking member)

172. . . Rotor

173. . . Cam protrusion

174. . . Ditch hole

311, 424. . . Convex

312. . . Fitting surface

320. . . display board

321. . . Locking status display

322. . . Non-locking status display

401, 402, 403. . . Cut in

411. . . Base

412, 422. . . Hinge

413, 423. . . Lock piece

414. . . a generally L-shaped snap-fit section

421. . . Base

425. . . Protrusion

513. . . Shaft portion (corner shaft portion)

514. . . screw hole

515. . . bolt

Fig. 1(a) is a plan view showing a handle device according to an embodiment of the present invention,

Fig. 1(b) is a front view of a handle device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1(c) is a rear view of a handle device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side sectional view showing a handle device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3(a) is a front cross-sectional view showing a spring means used for the handle of the handle device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3(b) is a side cross-sectional view thereof.

Fig. 4(a) is a front view showing, in particular, a spring for adjusting the spring of the handle of the handle device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4(b) is a side view thereof.

Fig. 5(a) is a front view showing, in particular, a spring for adjusting the spring of the handle of the handle device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 5(b) is a side view thereof.

Fig. 6(a) is a plan view of the indicator used in the handle device, particularly the actuating lever, Fig. 6(b) is a side view thereof, and Fig. 6(c) is a side cross-sectional view thereof.

Figure 7(a) is a plan view of the simple lock device used in the handle device, particularly the lock member on the upper portion of the casing, Fig. 7(b) is a side view thereof, and Fig. 7(c) is a bottom view thereof. .

Figure 8(a) is a plan view of the lock device of the simple lock device used in the handle device, in particular, the lock member at the lower portion of the casing, Fig. 8(b) is a side view thereof, and Fig. 8(c) is a bottom view thereof. .

Fig. 9 is a side sectional view showing a state in which the handle device is attached to the door panel.

Fig. 10 (1) to (3) are side cross-sectional views showing the operation of the other parts of the handle of the handle device.

Fig. 11 (a) and (b) are side cross-sectional views showing a spring means for replacing the handle of the handle device or a damper used together with the spring means.

1. . . Handle device

6. . . Door panel

11. . . Flange

12. . . case

41. . . Lock member on the upper part of the housing

42. . . Lock member at the lower part of the housing

60. . . Installation opening

124, 125. . . Groove

411. . . Base

413, 423. . . Lock piece

414. . . a generally L-shaped snap-fit section

421. . . Base

424. . . Convex

Claims (5)

A simple lock device is a simple lock device used in a handle device mounted on a door panel, the handle device having a housing having an opening on the front side and a flange on the outer circumference of the front surface; the handle is undulating The device is mounted in the housing; and the buckle is pivotally supported on the back side of the housing and operatively coupled to the handle, and the handle is movable relative to the fixed frame The body side is fastened and disengaged; and the housing is inserted from the back side of the housing to the mounting opening formed in the door panel, and the flange is abutted on the front side of the door panel at the edge of the mounting opening A handle device for mounting in a fixed manner around a portion, wherein the simple lock device is a groove formed by at least two faces which are fitted to each other in a circumferential surface of the casing by press-fitting At least two lock members are formed, and each of the lock members is formed as an integrally molded product by a plastic material having predetermined rigidity and elasticity, and has an outer peripheral portion having a groove shape. And a base that can be press-fitted into each of the grooves of the casing; and a lock piece that is coupled to the base through a hinge at a base end; and the lock piece is in a state in which the lock members are fitted in the groove The front end extends obliquely toward the back side of the flange of the housing and abuts against the back surface of the door panel. In the mounting of the handle device to the door panel, the base is fixed in the recess of the housing. Ditch, and the aforementioned lock members The handle device is attached to the handle, and the housing is inserted into the mounting opening such that the flange of the housing abuts around the edge of the mounting opening, and the lock is applied to the edge of the mounting opening The lock piece of the member is pressurized and elastically deformed, and is passed through to the back side of the door panel, and the edge of the mounting opening is sandwiched between the front end of the lock piece and the flange, by the foregoing The state in which the lock piece is opposed to the aforementioned door panel is fixed. The simple lock device according to claim 1, wherein the front end of the lock piece has a hook portion having a substantially L-shaped cross section that is engageable with an edge of the mounting opening. The simple lock device according to claim 1, wherein a hole or a groove is formed in an inner circumference of the groove on the circumferential surface of the casing, and a protrusion that can engage the hole or the groove is provided on the outer circumference of the base. The simple lock device according to claim 3, wherein the casing is formed by molding of a mold, and the groove formed on the inner circumference of the groove on the circumferential surface of the casing is a concave formed when the mold is formed. ditch. A handle device is a handle device mounted on a door panel, comprising: a housing having an opening on the front surface and a flange on the outer circumference of the front surface; a handle mounted in the housing in an undulating manner; and a buckle The shank is pivotally supported on the back side of the casing, and is operably coupled to the handle, and the handle can be engaged and disengaged relative to the buckle on the fixed frame side by the operation of the handle; And inserting the casing from the back side of the casing to the opening for forming the door panel, and abutting the flange on the front side of the door panel at the edge of the opening of the mounting opening A hand-held device of the present invention is characterized in that it has a simple lock device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.