1235651 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於開孔片材及其製造方法；詳言之，係關於 開孔面積（開孔徑）及開孔率極大，低比重且高強度的開孔 片材，以及排除材料浪費’經濟且有效率的製造此開孔片 材的開孔片材之製造方法。 再者’本發明係關於經排泄於表面上的液體，尤其是高 黏性液體，不易殘留於表面上，且不易產生斑疹或悶氣等 現象的吸收性物品用表面片材及其製造方法。 【先前技術】 衛生棉或使用後拋棄式尿布等使用後拋棄的體液吸收 性物品之構成片材，廣泛的採用品質安定且可廉價製造的 不織布’更且，有提案爲達不織布的機能增進或賦予新機 能等’而採用在不織布上形成開孔的方案。 習知不織布的開孔技術已知有如：（a)將加熱或非加熱的 針刺穿不織布而開鑿孔的法；（b)利用加熱或非加熱的乳花 輥，依高壓擊潰纖維而分開形成孔的方法；以及（c)利用雷 射光或火焰進行燒切、或利用加熱針溶解不織布而開鑿孔 的方法等等。 但是’利用該等方法在製造開孔面積（開孔徑）及開孔率 較大的開孔片材方面卻有所困難。而且，上述（c)方法將存 在使開孔周圍變硬，並產生燒痕或聚合物球的缺點。 獲得開孔面積（開孔徑）及開孔率較大之開孔片材的方 法，雖有如：將不織布其中一部份鑿穿出指定形狀而形成開 6 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 孔的方法（穿孔加工）。但是’此情況下，除片材強度將大 幅降低之外’鑿穿部分將浪費’此外更需要去除鑿穿部分 的步驟或設備。 再者，其他不織布的開孔技術，雖有如：在不織布上形成 細縫之後，再使該不織布進行伸張而形成開孔的方法，但 是，此情況下，若非屬彈性不織布的話，隨延伸將容易在 片材上產生扭曲或斷裂現象，而且若未使用其他組件固定 著伸長狀態的話，將無法維持開孔狀態。 再者，在日本特開昭62 -2 5 0 2 5 7號公報中，雖有記載著 將已植入細縫的片材之該細縫進行擴張而形成網狀組件， 但是，此開孔亦是屬於拉延伸片材而所產生者。 對衛生棉等吸收性物品用表面片材，要求著可使所排出 的經血或尿等液體迅速的移向吸收體的吸收性能、以及抵 接穿著者肌膚的面具有柔軟且對肌膚刺激較少的表面特 徵。 習知吸收性物品用的表面片材係採用如：依各種製法而 所獲得不織布、或對其施行2次加工而進行穿孔者、或由 聚乙烯等合成樹脂所構成的有孔薄膜等等。但是，截至目 前爲止，尙未提供可同時充分滿足上述吸收性能及表面特 性者。 在日本特開平9 - 1 1 1 6 3 1號公報（專利第3 1 3 1 5 5 7號公報） 中’有記載著適於使用後拋棄式尿布或衛生棉等不織布， 乃層積著含有熱收縮性纖維及熱熔接纖維之層、與含有非 熱收縮性纖維之層，並將二層進行部分接合而在厚度方向 7 312/發明說明書(補件)/92·〇4/92100714 1235651 上呈一體化之後，再使含熱收縮性纖維之層產生熱收縮， 使表面上形成由另一層所構成條紋狀皺折的多皺性不織 布。 但是’即便此種多皺性不織布，仍將存在排泄於表面上 的液體’尤其是高黏性液體不易殘留於表面上，而容易產 生斑疹或悶氣等缺點。 再者，在日本特開平9-3 7 5 5號公報中便有揭示著：使用 後拋棄式等的面扣繫物之母材所採用的不織布，藉由部分 熱熔接的第1與第2纖維層內之其中一者產生熱收縮，而 使另一者在單面側上形成突出而形成規則凸部的不織布。 但是，此不織布因爲屬於較容易變硬的材料，而且並無設 計可充分防止隨斑疹所造成的不舒適感或皮膚疾病等措 施，因此在當作吸收性物品用的表面片材方面頗有困難點。 再者，在日本特開平1 1 - 2 5 3 4 9 0號公報中則有揭示著： 在頂片材上形成複數細縫，並將該等片材朝細縫的直角方 向進行拉伸而形成開孔的使用後拋棄式尿布。此尿布的開 孔在拉伸片材亦將產生。而且形成有開孔的頂片材並非具 多層構造，其開孔並非屬於立體狀態。 【發明內容】 本發明之目的在於提供一種由不織布所構成，開孔面積 (開孔徑）及開孔率極大’表面平滑無凹凸，低比重且高強 度的開孔片材’以及可排除材料浪費，並具經濟性且有效 率的製造此開孔片材的開孔片材之製造方法。 本發明之另一目的在於提供一種經排泄出表面上的液 8 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-〇4/921 〇〇714 1235651 體’尤其是如經血或軟便之類的局黏性液體不易殘留於表 面上，且不易產生斑疹或悶氣等現象的吸收性物品用之表 面片材及其製造方法。 本發明係藉由提供下述開孔片材而達成上述目的。該開 孔片材係使具有多數細縫的熱收縮性不織布，依使該各個 細縫擴展開之方式進行收縮，並在該熱收縮性不織布上形 成多數個即便未施加張力的狀態下，仍可維持著開孔狀態 的開孔（以下稱「第1發明」時，便稱「此發明」）。 本發明係藉由提供下述開孔片材之製造方法而達成上 述目的。該開孔片材之製造方法係使具有多數細縫的熱收 縮性不織布，在限制該熱收縮性不織布的寬度及長度之收 縮的狀態下，經由施行熱處理，而使該各個細縫產生擴展 開，而製造具多數開孔的開孔片材（以下稱「第2發明」時， 便稱「此發明」）。 本發明係藉由提供下述吸收性物品用之表面片材而達 成上述目的。該吸收性物品用之表面片材係將配置於肌膚 側的第1層、與配置於吸收體側的第2層予以層積著，並 將二層進行部分接合而形成指定圖案的接合部；其中，第 1層係在除上述接合部之外的部分形成凸部；在第1層及/ 或第2層上具有細縫（以下稱「第3發明」時，便稱「此發 明」）。 【實施方式】 (發明之較佳實施形態） 根據較佳實施形態說明本發明。 9 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 本發明（第1發明）的開孔片材一實施形態的開孔片材 1，係如圖1〜圖3所示，使具有多數個細縫1 1的熱收縮性 不織布1 〇 ’依擴開該各細縫1 1之方式進行收縮，而在該 熱收縮性不織布1 0上形成多數個即便未施加張力的狀態 下，仍可維持著開孔狀態的開孔2。 針對本實施形態的開孔片材1進行詳述。 開孔片材1係具有製造之際的熱收縮性不織布流動方向 (圖2與圖3之左右方向）所對應的長度方向（圖1之上下方 向）、以及垂直於其之軸方向（圖1之左右方向、圖1中元 件符號W所示方向）。多數開孔2係分別在開孔片材1之 長度方向與寬度方向上，依形成排列之方式而形成。各開 孔2係形成在開孔片材1長度方向上具有長軸，在寬度方 向上具有短軸的略橢圓形狀。 開孔片材1係由包含有隨熱而收縮（包括捲縮在內）之熱 收縮纖維的單層不織布所構成。熱收縮纖維之形態係配合 原料中所採用熱收縮性不織布，而進行捲縮，且纖維徑將 變粗。 開孔片材1係即便未施加張力的狀態，仍可維持著各開 孔2的開孔狀態。即，圖1所示乃未施加張力狀態下（自然 狀態）的開孔片材1。 其次，針對本發明開孔片材之製造方法一實施形態，以 製造上述開孔片材1之情況爲例進行說明。 從原紡織輥（0 r i g i n a 1 t e X t i 1 e r ο 11) 1 Ο A紡出熱收縮性不 織布1 Ο ’，並一邊連續搬送著該熱收縮性不織布1 Ο ’，一邊 10 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 在該熱收縮性不織布1 0’上利用滾動切刀3形成多數個細 縫1 1。滾動切刀3係具備有··含有沿圓周方向所形成之多 數個刀刃3 1的割刀輥32 ;以及配置於該割刀輥相對向位 置處的承接輥3 3 ;各細縫1 1之方向係平行於熱收縮性不 織布之流動方向。 其次，將已植入細縫11的熱收縮性不織布1 〇，連續的 導入於針板拉鋸機加熱裝置4中，並在針板拉鋸機加熱裝 置4內，利用連動（同步）於熱收縮性不織布1 〇流動而進行 移動的針4 1，依使熱收縮性不織布1 0寬度未收縮之方式， —邊固定著該熱收縮性不織布1 0二側部，一邊對該熱收縮 性不織布1 0施行熱處理。熱處理的方法除吹送熱風之外， 尙可採用遠紅外線處理等。 上述熱處理因爲隨連續搬送，而朝熱收縮性不織布1 0 流動方向施加著張力，因此便形成在限制著熱收縮性不織 布1 〇長度收縮狀態下的熱處理。 此處所謂的「限制著熱收縮性不織布的寬度及長度收縮 狀態」，係指雖容許熱收縮性不織布的部分收縮，但是並未 使整體熱收縮性不織布產生寬度與長度收縮的狀態。該狀 態並未僅限於熱處理前後，在不織布的寬度（直交於流動方 向的長度）及長度（流動方向相同方向的長度）均完全未產 生變化的情況，亦包括寬度及/或長度產生某種程度縮小的 情況。但是，就從形成開孔面積及開孔率較大之開孔的觀 點而言，最好熱處理前後的不織布之寬度及長度變化率分 別在1 〇%以內。不織布寬度及長度的變化率，係分別在自 11 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 然狀態下測量熱處理前後之不織布寬度及長度而求得。 經由上述熱處理而使熱收縮性不織布1 0產生收縮.，藉 此而使上述各細縫1 1產生擴開而形成多數個開孔2。 所謂熱收縮性不織布1 0的收縮（部分收縮），係不同於熱 收縮性不織布1 0的寬度與長度之收縮，意味著熱收縮性不 織布1 0除細縫以外部分的收縮。 如此的話，開孔面積及開孔率較大之開孔片材1，便可 依帶狀片材方式連續獲得。 本實施形態的開孔片材1係具有擴開細縫1 1而所形成的 開孔2，且因爲當形成此開孔時，並未產生纖維移動而減 少纖維條數，因此即便在形成開孔面積及開孔率較大之開 孔的情況下，因爲仍可大幅抑制片材強度的降低，因此在 相較於利用如鑿穿（穿孔加工）而形成開孔的開孔片材之 下，將可形成強度較高的片材。 本發明的開孔片材之一個開孔的平均開孔面積，譬如 2〜350mm2，最好設定爲10〜l〇〇mm2。 再者，開孔片材之開孔率係如5〜90%，最好爲10〜80%。 上述平均開孔面積及上述開孔率係依如下述方式進行 測量。 〔平均開孔面積及開孔率之測量方法〕 採用光源〔太陽光燈SL-2 3 0K2 ; LPL(股）製〕、載體〔複 製載體CS-5; LPL(股）製〕、透鏡〔24mm/F2.8D尼克爾透 鏡（註冊商標，音譯）〕、CCD照相機〔（HV-37 ;利用日立電 子（股）製）F黏接而連接於透鏡〕、以及錄影機璋（規格 12 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 3 2 Ο Ο ;佳能布思（股）製），取入開孔片材1之表面側或背面 側的影像。將所取入的影像利用NEXUS公司製的影像解 析軟體（ver.4.20)，將開孔部分進行二値化處理。從經二値 化處理過的影像中求取各開孔的開孔面積，取其平均値並 當作平均開孔面積。將經二値化處理過的開孔部分之面積 總計除以總影像面積，而求取開孔率（％)。當各開孔之開孔 面積的測量屬於較困難的情況時，便在畫面上施行將孔之 部分進行塗布等輔助處理。 再者，本實施形態的開孔片材1係即便採用低比重熱收 縮性不織布（譬如低於30g/m2，尤其是低於20g/m2)的情況 下，亦可形成明確的開孔。 再者，本實施形態的開孔片材1在相較於將已形成有細 縫的不織布進行伸張而形成開孔的開孔片材之情況下，不 致產生扭曲或斷裂，可形成表面無凹凸且平滑的漂亮開孔 片材。 再者，依照本實施形態的開孔片材之製造方法的話，當 將細縫1 1進行擴開而形成開孔2，且在形成此開孔時，因 爲並未產生纖維移動而減少纖維條數，因此即便在形成開 孔面積及開孔率較大之開孔的情況下，在相較於利用如鑿 穿（穿孔加工）而形成開孔的方法之下，仍可大幅抑制片材 強度的降低。因此，可製造開孔面積（開孔徑）及開孔率極 大且高強度的開孔片材1。 再者，不同於利用鑿穿（穿孔加工）而形成開孔的情況， 因爲當形成開孔之際，並未產生鑿穿碎片，因此便不需要 13 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-〇4/92100714 1235651 爲處理其之步驟或設備等，因此可抑制材料的浪費，並可 具經濟效益的製造開孔片材。 本發明中所採用的熱收縮性不織布係僅要當非緊張狀 態下施行熱處理之情況時產生收縮者的話便可，其餘並無 特別的限制，但是就從獲得開孔面積（開孔徑）及開孔率較 大之開孔片材1的觀點而言，最好屬於經由自然狀態（非緊 張狀態）下的80〜2 5 or熱處理，而使其寬度及長度分別收 縮3 0%以上者。 熱收縮性不織布係可採用如包含潛在捲縮性纖維的不 織布。潛在捲縮性纖維係具有加熱前可如同習知不織布進 行相同的處置，而經指定溫度下的加熱，便顯現螺旋狀捲 縮並產生收縮之性質的纖維。潛在捲縮性纖維係由譬如以 收縮率不同之二種熱可塑性聚合物材料爲成分的偏心芯鞘 型複合纖維、或並列（side-by-side)型複合纖維所構成。此 例子可舉例如：日本特開平9 - 2 9 6 3 2 5號公報、或專利第 2 7 5 9 U 1號說明書中所言己載者。 當採用含有潛在捲縮性纖維之不織布的情況時，便可獲 得比較柔軟的開孔片材。此外，亦可採用在熱收縮性不織 布中，與捲縮性纖維同時含有其他纖維（如：嫘縈、棉、親 水性丙烯酸系纖維等纖維）的不織布。熱收縮性不織布中的 熱捲縮性纖維之含有比率係依重量比在3 0 %以上，特別以 50〜100%以上爲佳。 含有潛在捲縮性纖維之不織布的製法，可舉例如：將梳理 機纖維網（card web)利用如空氣穿孔、熱輥、超音波、對 14 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 流噴網（s p U η 1 a c e )等施行加工而製造不織布的方法、或者 紡黏法（s p u n b ο n d m e t h 0 d )法、氣梳法（a i r -1 a y ni e t h 0 d )、熔 —法（m e 11 b 1 o w n m e t h o d )、濕式法等。 本發明之開孔片材係可使用於各種用途，其用途並無特 別的限制，譬如衛生棉、失禁墊、使用後拋棄式尿布等之 體液吸收性物品的構成材料（表面片材、配置於表面片材與 吸收體之間’並賦予液體擴散性、穿透性或剛性的片材 等）、安裝於掃除用具上而使用的掃除片材、使用於調理的 片材等構成材料等等。 本發明的開孔片材，就從製造時的搬送或使用上的強度 觀點而言，MD方向的最大點荷重最佳範圍係在i on以上， 尤以1 5 N以上爲佳；CD方向的最大點荷重最佳範圍係在 0.5N以上，尤以在in以上爲佳。最大點荷重的測量方法， 容在實施例之後說明。 以上’雖針對本發明的開孔片材及其製造方法的各種實 施形態進行說明，惟本發明（第1，第2發明）並不僅限制於 上述實施形態。 譬如對熱收縮性不織布1 0所施行的熱處理，亦可取代 針板拉鋸機熱處理裝置，而改爲採用如：利用熱風，在使熱 收縮性不織布形成壓接於網上的狀態（經限制長度與寬度 收縮的狀態）下，同時施行熱處理的空氣穿孔熱處理裝置； 或者一邊對加熱輥賦予張力一邊捲付片材，而在限制長度 與寬度收縮的狀態下，同時施行熱處理的熱輥加熱裝置 等。該等裝置可單獨使用，或者2個以上組合使用。 15 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 再者，在熱收縮性不織布上形成細縫的細縫形成裝置係 除轉模切割機之外，尙可採用如：開溝切割機（share * cutter)、雷射切割機、超音波切割機等。細縫並不僅限於 · 平行於熱收縮性不織布之流動方向，亦可如朝流動方向直 交的方向延伸者、或朝該流動方向之斜向方向（譬如4 5度 方向）延伸者。此外，可爲十字形細縫。藉由改變細縫的形 狀或方向，便可獲得所需形狀的開孔。 本發明（第3發明）一實施形態（第1實施形態）的吸收性 物品用之開孔片材1 1 Ο A係如圖4與圖5所示，具備有：配 1 設於肌膚側的第1層1 〇 1、與配置於吸收體側的第2層 102。二層101,102係部分接合而形成菱形格子狀圖案（指 定圖案）的接合部103(參照圖7(a))。 本實施形態的各個接合部1 03係俯視屬於圓形，且不連 續形成。接合部1 03係經壓密化，相較於開孔片材1 1 0A 的其他部分，厚度較小且密度較大。 接合部1 03係利用如熱軋花、超音波軋花、黏著劑而進 φ 行黏著等各種接合機構而形成。本實施形態的接合部1 0 3 雖呈圓形，但是各個接合部1 03的形狀，除圓形之外，尙 有橢圓形、三角形、矩形、或該等組合等等。接合部1 03 亦可呈連續形狀（如：形成直線或曲線等線狀、格子狀等）。 接合部103圖案的其他例子，如圖7(b)與圖7(c)所示。 接合部1 03相對於表面片材面積的面積率〔將該單位面 · 積中所含接合部1 0 3總計面積，相對於開孔片材單位面積 * 的比率’依百分率表示，在第2層收縮前進行測量〕，就從 16 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 充分提高第1層1 〇 1與第2層1 02間之接合的觀點、以及 隨第1層而充分的形成凸狀立體形狀俾顯現蓬鬆高度的觀 點而言，最好爲3〜50% ’尤以5〜3 5 %爲佳。 第1層1 0 1係由纖維集合體所構成，並在除與第2層1 02 間的接合部1 〇 3之外的部分，於肌膚側形成凸狀。即’開 孔片材1 1 Ο Α係具有多數個經由上述圖案所構成接合部1 0 3 而包圍所形成的封閉區域，在此封閉區域中，第1層1 0 1 形成圓頂狀凸狀（參照圖4與圖5 )。第1層形成凸狀的部 分（凸部）1 0 4內部，充滿著構成第1層的纖維，而接合部 103以外的部分，在第1層101與第2層102間的界面處， 沿著未被接合的全部區域形成密接狀態。第1層形成凸狀 的形狀，主要係由構成第1層1 〇 1之纖維集合體形態與接 合部1 0 3圖案而決定。 第1層1 〇 1係由與構成第2層1 〇2的纖維不同種類及/ 或配方的纖維集合體所構成。 開孔片材之利用第1層1 〇 1所形成的凸狀部分(凸部）1 04 高度T(參照圖5)，就從對開孔片材賦予充分的壓縮變形性 及蓬鬆性之觀點而言’係〇 · 3〜5 m m，最好爲0.5〜3 m m。藉 由將凸部高度T設定爲0 · 3 mm以上，便可減少與皮膚間的 接觸面積，可防止因使用中受肌膚阻塞而產生斑疹或悶氣 現象。藉由將凸部高度設定在5 m m以下，便可縮短所吸收 到液體到達第2層1 0 2間的距離，即便在低荷重時仍可順 利的進行液體的吸收。 其中，凸部1 0 4的高度係依下述方式進行測量。 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 首先，從開孔片材中切取縱橫長度30mmx30mm測試 片。然後，依略平行於縱向〔構成第1層的纖維集合體之 纖維配向方向（纖維集合體製造時的流動方向）〕且通過接 合部1 0 3的線而製成切剖面。利用高倍顯微鏡（奧林巴斯 製、SZH 10)取得此剖面的放大照片。 對準放大照片的尺規，測量從凸部〗〇 4頂部到底部（相鄰 接合部103之上面）間的高度。 第2層1 0 2係由經熱收縮過的纖維集合體所構成，如圖 5及圖6(a)所不，貫通第2層的開孔1〇5係依指定圖案而 規則的形成。開孔1 0 5係使經植入於熱收縮前的第2層中 之細縫105’〔參照圖6(b)〕，隨第2層的熱收縮而進行擴 開。各開孔1 0 5的形狀係一對相向圓弧的形狀，並具有縱 長的形狀。開孔1 0 5係整體排列呈蜂巢狀的圖案。開孔1 〇 5 的形狀亦可爲橢圓形、圓形、崩蘆形、蛋形等。開孔1 0 5 亦可在M D與C D二方向上，分別排列配置多數個等。開 孔1 〇5最好在開孔片材整個區域中均勻的分散著。 除細縫爲第1層與第2層之層積一體化部位圖案包圍周 圍的圖案、或如同細縫之蜂巢狀圖案同爲一體化圖案的情 況之外，當第1層與第2層之層積一體化圖案與細縫圖案 屬於任意組合的情況時，一體化固定的部位在爲使細縫長 度的縮短或收縮範圍有所增減，開孔形狀將對應各部位而 形成無規的開孔形狀及開孔面積。 各開孔1 0 5的平均開孔面積，就從高黏性液通過的觀點 而言，爲3〜3 2 0mm2，最好爲7〜120mm2。第2層之開孔率 18 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 〔單位面積中所含開孔1 Ο 5總計開孔面積，相對開孔片材 單位面積（100 cm2)的比率，依百分率表示〕，就從高黏性液 通過的觀點而言，爲5〜70%，最好爲7〜50%。 上述平均開孔面積及上述開孔率係依下述方式進行測 量。 〔平均開孔面積及開孔率之測量方法〕 採用光源〔太陽光燈SL-2 3 0K2 ; LPL(股）製〕、載體〔複 製載體CS-5; LPL(股）製〕、透鏡〔24mm/F2.8D尼克爾透 鏡〕、CCD照相機〔（HV-37 ;利用日立電子（股）製）F黏接 而連接於透鏡〕、以及錄影機埠（規格3 200 ;佳能布思（股） 製），取入開孔片材1之表面側或背面側的影像。將所取入 的影像利用NEXUS公司製的影像解析軟體（ver.4.20)，將 開孔部分進行二値化處理。從經二値化處理過的影像中求 取各開孔的開孔面積，取其平均値並當作平均開孔面積。 將經二値化處理過的開孔部分之面積總計除以總影像面 積’而求取開孔率（％)。當各開孔之開孔面積的測量屬於較 困難的情況時，便在畫面上施行將孔之部分進行塗布等輔 助處理。 其次，針對第1實施形態的開孔片材1 1 Ο A之較佳製造 方法，參照圖8(a)進行說明。 在本製造方法中，第2層1 02係採用熱收縮性纖維集合 體’第1層1 0 1係採用在構成第2層的纖維集合體之收縮 開始溫度以下，並未熱收縮的纖維集合體。 首先，從原紡織輥1 2 0紡出由熱收縮性纖維集合體所構 19 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 成第2層1 02並連續搬送，且對此第2層1 02利用滾動切 刀6依指定圖案形成多數個細縫105,〔參照圖6(b)〕°滾 動切刀6係具備有：含有沿圓周方向所形成之多數個刀刃 的割刀輥6 1 ;以及配置於該割刀輥相對向位置處的承接輥 62;各細縫105’之方向係平行於第2層之流動方向（機械方 向、MD方向）。 各細縫的長度方向長度（在本實施形態中，開孔片材之 MD方向長度）雖爲5〜50mm，但是就從橫向強度與開孔面 積的觀點、以及細縫最大寬度（長度方向之直交方向的寬度） 而言，最好爲1〜20mm，此對高黏性液通過與強度的觀點 而言，亦屬較佳狀況。 其次，將已植入細縫105’的第2層102與第1層101進 行層積，並將所層積的二層101，102利用熱軋花裝置7， 依指定圖案進行部分接合。熱軋花裝置7係利用在周面上 形成著指定圖案凹凸的凹凸輥7 1與平滑輥72之間、或凹 凸輥間，將二層進行部分加熱加壓，而使二層朝厚度方向 形成一體化。 然後，將第1與第2層經層積一體化的層積片材1 10’連 續的導入於針板拉鋸機加熱裝置8中。在針板拉鋸機加熱 裝置8內，利用連動於層積片材11〇’流動而進行移動的 針，而固定該層積片材ll〇f二側部，並依第2層102寬度 未收縮至指定寬度以下之方式，一邊控制著收縮程度，一 邊對層積片材1 1 0 ’施行構成第2層1 0 2之纖維集合體收縮 開始溫度以下的熱處理。熱處理之方法，可採用如：使熱風 20 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 穿透層積片材的方法、從第2層側吹送熱風的方法、熱輥 法、遠紅外線處理等等。 藉由此熱處理’第2層1 0 2將收縮，同時各細縫〗〇 5 ’將 擴開而形成開孔1 0 5。隨第2層1 0 2的收縮，在第}層1 〇 1 中除接合部外的部分，將變形爲凸狀、或形成較凸狀部分 的高度更高的高度，同時該部分的纖維密度將降低。 依此的話，便可獲得第1實施形態的吸收性物品用之開 孔片材1 1 Ο A。 在上述熱處理中，因爲對連續搬送中的層積片材110’， 於其流動方向施加張力的狀態下施行熱處理，因此便形成 在控制著第2層1 0 2之寬度方向及長度方向收縮狀態下的 熱處理。 如此藉由在控制著第2層對寬度方向及/或長度方向的 收縮（最好控制著寬度及長度方向等二方向的收縮）狀態下 進行熱處理，便可隨熱收縮而產生開孔，而輕易的獲得開 孔面積的控制。 此處，所謂第2層對寬度方向及/或長度方向的收縮之狀 態，係指雖容許構成第2層之纖維集合體產生部分收縮， 但是完全控制著整體第2層的寬度及長度之收縮，或控制 在指定比率以下的狀態。該狀態並不僅限於熱處理前後在 第2層的寬度（直交於流動方向之方向上的長度）、及長度 (流動方向相同方向的長度）完全未變化的情況，亦包含寬 度及/或長度產生某種程度縮小的情況。但是，就從管理可 獲得明確開孔的範圍、及比重增加的觀點而言，第2層收 21 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 縮前後的面積收縮率最好爲〇〜6 〇 %，尤以5〜5 Ο %爲佳。第 2層面積收縮率係若收縮前的基準面積S 〇、基準面積收縮 後的面積S 1的話’便可由下式（1 )中求得。 收縮率（％) = (Sq-Si)/Sgx100 (1 ) 依照第1實施形態的吸收性物品用之開孔片材η Ο A的 話，第1層將因爲突起爲凸狀且纖維間將擴展，因此便將 形成低密度，而第2層將隨熱收縮而存在形成高密度的區 域、與開孔的區域。當因爲第1層與第2層的纖維密度不 同而親水化纖維的情況時，隨毛細管現象在液體的滲透狀 態上將產生差異。第1層因爲屬於低密度（疏），因此較容 易通過高黏性液體。第2層則因爲爲使通過高黏性液體方 面而具有充分的開孔，因此高黏性液體便將通過開孔而平 順的流向於吸收體。此外，相關第1層中殘留的低黏度液 體，將利用第1層與第2層間的毛細管現象差異，而使液 體從第1層移向第2層。因此，便可獲得高黏性液體平順 穿透過，且表面上未殘留液體，不易產生悶氣的乾燥觸感。 再者，依照上述表面片材之製造方法的話，便可高速的 生產具有爲使細縫周圍的纖維產生熱收縮的較大開孔之蓬 鬆片材。 若針對構成第1層與第2層的纖維進行說明的話，構成 第1層的纖維可採用熱熔接性纖維，最好爲由熱可塑性聚 合物材料所構成的纖維。熱可塑性聚合物材料可舉例如： 聚乙烯、聚丙烯等聚烯烴；聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯等聚酯； 聚醯胺等。此外尙可採用由該等熱可塑性聚合物材料之組 22 312/發明說明書(補件)/92·04/92100714 1235651 合所構成的芯鞘型複合纖維或並列型複合纖維。 構成第1層之纖維集合體型態，可舉例如：利用梳理法而 所形成的纖維網、利用熱熔接法而所形成的不織布、利用 父錯噴水法而所形成的不織布、利用針刺法而所形成的不 織布、利用溶劑黏著法而所形成的不織布、利用紡黏法而 所形成的不織布、利用熔噴法而所形成的不織布、或編織 物等等。 第1實施形態的第1層1 ο 1亦可利用梳理法而所形成的 纖維網所構成。第1層1 〇 i若屬於利用梳理法而所形成纖 維網所構成的情況時，因爲在相較於不織布的情況下，較 不易隨熱收縮而產生變形或扭曲現象，因此較容易配合一 體化圖案獲得均勻的凸形狀。 所謂利用梳理法所形成的纖維網係指不織布化前之狀 態下的纖維集合體。即，在施行製造不織布時所採用梳理 纖維網的後處理，譬如尙未施行利用空氣穿孔法或壓光法 的加熱熔接處理之狀態下，纖維間呈極緩和交錯狀態的纖 維集合體。 當將利用梳理法所形成纖維網使用於第1纖維層的情況 時’在使第1層101與第2層102進行接合之同時、或在 進行接合之後，便使第1層1 0 1中的纖維間形成熱熔接、 或利用溶劑的黏著、或機械式的交錯。 構成第2纖維層的纖維最好採用熱收縮性纖維，尤以由 熱可塑性聚合物材料所構成且具熱收縮性者爲佳。從熱收 縮後亦使保持伸縮性之表面片材呈柔軟的觀點而言，最好 23 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 採用潛在捲縮性纖維。 潛在捲縮性纖維係具有加熱前可如同習知不織布進行 相同的處置’而經指定溫度下的加熱，便顯現螺旋狀捲 縮並產生收_之性質的纖維。此例子可舉例如：日本特開平 9 -2 9 6 3 2 5號公報、或專利第2 7 5 9 3 3 1號說明書中所記載者。 構成第2纖維層的纖維集合體形態，可舉例如：（〗）含有 潛在捲縮性纖維且利用梳理法所形成的纖維網；或（2)具有 熱收縮性的不織布，如：利用熱輥而所形成的纖維網、利用 熱熔接法而所形成的不織布、利用交錯噴水法而所形成的 不織布、利用針刺法而所形成的不織布、利用溶劑黏著法 而所形成的不織布、利用紡黏法而所形成的不織布、利用 熔噴法而所形成的不織布、或編織物等等。其中，所謂具 有熱收縮性的不織布，係指利用指定溫度下的加熱而產生 收縮性質的不織布。第1實施形態中的第2層1 02係由熱 收縮性纖維所構成熱收縮性不織布所形成的。 在第1層101與第2層102中，亦可混合除上述以外 的纖維（如：嫘縈、棉、親水化丙烯酸系纖維等吸水性纖 維）。 其次’針對第2實施形態的吸收性物品用之表面片材 1 1 0 B進行說明。 相關第2實施形態的表面片材1 1 〇B，主要針對不同於第 1實施形態的表面片材1 1 0 A之點進行說明，相關相同的構 造便省略說明。相關未特別說明的點，乃如同第1實施形 態，可適當的採用相關第1實施形態的上述說明。 24 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 表面片材110B中的第1層101與第2層102均由不織 布所形成。第1層1 〇 1與第2層1 0 2的接合圖案係如圖7 ( b ) 所示圖案。 在第2實施形態中，如圖9所示，在第1層1 〇 1形成凸 狀的部分（第1層1 〇 1除接合部以外的部分）1 0 4中，植入 細縫105B。細縫105B係用第1層101形成凸狀，而使細 縫擴開，藉由在細縫左右的片材上產生高度差，而形成開 孔。 第2實施形態的表面片材110B係利用如圖8(b)所示方 法進行製造。 換句話說，由原紡織輥紡出由在當作第2層1 〇 2用的纖 維集合體熱收縮開始溫度以下，未產生熱收縮的纖維集合 體所構成的第1層1 〇 1，且進行搬送，並對此第1層1 01 利用滾動切刀6切割細縫。其次，對此第1層，層積著由 熱收縮性纖維集合體（不織布）所構成的第2層1〇2，並將 二層1 0 1，1 02利用熱軋花裝置7進行部分接合，而朝厚度 方向呈一體化。將第1層與第2層經層積一體化的層積片 材1 1 0 ’，導入於針板拉鋸機加熱裝置8中，並在構成第2 層1 〇2之纖維集合體收縮開始溫度以上的溫度下進行熱處 理，而使第2層1 0 2產生熱收縮。 藉由此熱處理，在第2層1 02進行收縮之同時，第1層 1 〇 1之除接合部1 03外的部分將形成凸狀，同時該凸狀部 分的細縫將彎曲而形成弓形，因爲弓形高度或曲率將不 同，因此細縫將擴開，且細縫左右於弓形中將產生高度差， 25 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 而形成開孔。 如此的話，便可獲得第2實施形態的吸收性物品用之表 面片材1 1 0B。細縫之形成、第1與第2層之接合及熱處理 條件等等，均可如同上述圖8(a)所示方法。 依照得第2實施形態的吸收性物品用之表面片材1 1 〇B 的話，因爲在弓形間的高度差將產生間隙，因此從此間隙 高黏性液體將平順的通過第1層，所以表面上便較不易殘 留著高黏性液體。 再者，依照上述圖8(b)所示表面片材之製造方法的話， 便可高速的生產具優越高黏性液體穿透性的蓬鬆表面片 材。 其次，針對第3實施形態的吸收性物品用之表面片材進 行說明。 相關第3實施形態的表面片材，主要針對不同於第1實 施形態的表面片材1 1 〇 A之點進行說明，對於相同的構造 便省略說明。相關未特別說明的點，如同第1實施形態， 可適當的採用相關第1實施形態的上述說明。 第3實施形態的表面片材1 1 0 C係具有使貫穿第1與第2 層的細縫進行擴開而所產生的開孔。 第3實施形態的表面片材係利用如圖8 ( c)所示方法進行 製造。 換句話說，將由熱收縮性纖維集合體所構成第2層1 02、 與由在構成第2層之纖維集合體熱收縮開始溫度以下未產 生熱收縮之纖維集合體所構成的第1層1 〇 1予以層積著， 26 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 並將二層1 Ο 1 , 1 Ο 2利用熱軋花裝置7依指定圖案進行部分 接合。然後，對第1層與第2層經層積一體化的層積片材 1 1 〇 '，依序施行利用滾動切刀6形成細縫，以及利用針板 拉鋸機加熱裝置8的熱處理。 藉由此熱處理，在第2層1 0 2進行收縮之同時，在接合 於第2層102上的第1層101亦將產生收縮，而在第1與 第2層的二部份中，細縫將擴開而形成開孔。此外，隨第 2層1 02的收縮，第1層1 0 1除接合部外的部分將變形爲 凸狀、或高度較高於形成凸狀部分的高度更高的高度，同 時該部分的厚度亦將增加。 如此的話，便可獲得第2實施形態的吸收性物品用之表 面片材11 0 C。細縫之形成、第1與第2層之接合及熱處理 條件等等，均可如同上述圖8(a)所示方法。 依照得第3實施形態的吸收性物品用之表面片材1 1 〇 C 的話，因爲在形成貫穿第1層與第2層的細縫且被開孔， 因此便可獲得開孔面積較大，且提昇高黏性液的吸取速度 及吸取量，並對吸收體的穿透性佳的表面片材。 再者，依照上述圖8(c)所示表面片材之製造方法的話， 因爲形成貫穿雙層的細縫，因此便細縫的形成將較爲簡 單，且可快速的進行生產。 再者，在圖8(c)所示方法中，雖在第1層與第2層進行 接合後才形成細縫，但是順序亦可顛倒，層積的第1與第 2層中形成細縫之後，再將二者進行部分接合而一體化。 此情況下，亦可達相同的效果。 27 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 第3發明的吸收性物品用之表面片材及其製造方法，並 未受限於上述各實施形態。 譬如細縫並未限制於如上述各實施形態的依指定圖案 的部分細縫，亦可爲連續細縫。此外’細縫的方向並不僅 限制於M D方向，亦可爲C D方向或斜向方向的細縫。 當在第1層與第2層之雙層中設置細縫的情況時，亦可 在各層中分別形成細縫之後再進行接合而形成一體化（亦 可貫穿位置不相同的細縫）。 再者，譬如亦可第1實施形態中，可由不織布所構成第 1層，而在第2實施形態中，可由經梳理法所形成的纖維 網構成第1層。 本發明的吸收性物品，可舉例如：衛生棉、使用後拋棄式 尿布、失禁墊、連身褲等。此外，吸收性物品的其他構成 組件，譬如吸收體或背面片材亦可使用衛生棉或使用後拋 棄式尿布等吸收性物品中所採用的習知者，在使用並無特 別的限制。譬如吸收體可舉例如：纖維集合體；或將纖維集 合體與局吸水性聚合物’利用由透水性紙、不織布所形成 的被覆片材進行覆蓋者。 上述一實施形態中省略說明部分、及僅一實施形態才具 有的要件，分別亦可適用於其他實施形態。而且各實施形 態的要件，在實施形態相互間可進行適當的取代。 (第1及第2發明之實施例） (實施例1 ) 1)無開孔不織布之製造 28 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 將大和紡積公司製的潛在螺旋狀捲縮性纖維〔CPP纖維 (商品名）、2.2dtex x5 1mm〕100%的梳理纖維網，利用熱輥 進行不織布化。熱輥的加工條件係設定爲軋花輥1 4 0 °C、 平面輥130°C、乳花率28%(點）、速度80m/分。 2 )細縫之形成 在所獲得無開孔不織布的寬度方向中央2 00mm寬度區 域中，將長度〔流動方向（M D方向）之長度〕9 m m的細縫， 分別依平行於MD方向且MD方向上相鄰細縫間的間隔 3mm之方式形成多列。相鄰列之細縫間的間隔（CD方向的 間隔）設定爲5mm，且相鄰列之細縫間的位置關係係呈錯 開狀態（蜂巢配置）。 3 )開孔加工（開孔片材之製造） 從已形成有細縫的不織布之形成細縫區域中，獲得MD 方向1 000mm、CD方向210mm測試片，並殘留著此測試片 寬度方向中央的寬度1 2 0 m m部分，且在測試片二側部上重 疊著寬度3 5 m m長度1 〇 〇 〇 m m的重量。依此的話，對限制 測試片寬度方向與長度方向收縮之狀態下的測試片，利用 空氣穿孔熱處理機施行熱處理〔加熱條件：142°C、風速2m/ 秒、加熱時間25秒（速度4.5m/分）〕。 (實施例2 ) 除在如同實施例1所獲得的無開孔不織布之寬度方向2 中央的2 1 0mm寬度區域中，將長度1 8mm的細縫，依MD 方向上相鄰細縫間的間隔6mm之方式形成多列，同時將相 鄰列之細縫間的間隔（CD方向的間隔）設定爲3mm之外’ 29 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-〇4/92100714 1235651 其餘均如同實施例1般的獲得開孔片材。 (比較例） 在如同實施例1所獲得的無開孔不織布之寬度方向2中 央的1 6 2 m m寬度區域中，將直徑1 8 m m的圓孔，依在M D 方向與CD方向二方向上排列之方式形成，而獲得開孔片 材。圓孔之形成係經由穿孔加工（鑿孔加工）而進行，圓孔 間的間隔係在MD方向與CD方向上均爲6mm。 針對實施例與比較例的開孔片材測量比重，將結果統籌 整理於表1中。表1中的無開孔不織布係實施例1的細縫 形成前之無開孔不織布。 〔最大點荷重及最大點延伸度之測量方法〕 採用東洋波爾多維（股）製的拉張壓縮測試機「RTM-100 (商品名）」，測量拉張模式。首先，當MD方向測量片之情 況時，便將片裁剪爲150mmx50mm大小，當CD方向測量 片之情況時，便將片裁剪爲1 0 0 m m X 5 0 m m大小，並分別 當作測量片。在將測量片在拉張壓縮測試機上所安裝的空 氣夾具間’依初期g式料長度（夾具間距離）爲M D方向測量 片1 0 0 m m、C D方向測量片5 0 m m之方式進行安裝，然後將 安裝於拉張壓縮測試機之負載單元（額定輸出5kg)上所安 裝的夾具，依300mm/分的速度進行上升，而使測量片產生 伸張。藉此測量而測量最大點荷重，並將最大點荷重時的 深度設定爲最大點伸度。所謂MD方向測量片係指拉張壓 縮測試機的拉張方向與測量片之M D方向一致者；而c D 方向測量片係指該方向與測量片之CD方向一致者。 30 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 〔厚度之測量方法〕 採用奇恩斯（股）的雷射變位計進行測量。 在平台上並未隔著測試片（不織布）而放置加壓板，將此 時的厚度設定爲0·00〇mm。其次，在平台上放置測試片， 在於其上面放置加壓板’待約5秒後的數値呈穩定狀態 下，讀取厚度。將5片測試片的厚度平均値設定爲試料厚 度。 上述加壓板係鋁製直徑5 6 m m的圓板，各試料厚度係 〇.5gf/cm2(49Pa)加壓下的厚度。此外，厚度係小數點第3 位四捨五入，而計算至小數點第2位。其他條件等則如下 述。 偵測器墊：LK- 080、放大器單元：Lk-2100、圖形類比控制 器：RJ- 8 00、測量片 l〇〇mmxl5〇mm 表1 無開孔不織布 Έμμ 實施例了 MD方向拉張 比重(g/m ) 16^~~ 9.6 22.5 |yU ^ 2〇 〇 最大點荷重(N) 9.79 2.04 30.5 17.1 最大點延伸度(％) 5.8 5.3 13.3 CD方向拉張 比重(g/m勹 16Τ^ 9.8 21.8 18.8 最大點荷重(N) 1.29 0.27 1.97 2.09 --- 179 0 最大點延伸度(％) 17^ 15.2 63.6 ~ 厚度(mm) 0.W 0.28 0.51 〇 61 開孔率(％) *— 44.2 28.2 6〇 1 平均開孔面積(mm2) --------一― 254.0 12.7 ν · 1 ^33?7~一 相當於圓的直徑（Φ) 18.0 4.0 6.5 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 如表1所示實施例的開孔片材，不論開孔面積（開孔徑） 及開孔率均極大，低比重且高強度。此外，當目視觀察實 施例的開孔片材外觀時’表面上幾乎無凹凸屬於表面平滑 者。 (產業上可利用性） 依照本發明之開孔片材的話，可提供開孔面積（開孔徑） 及開孔率均極大，低比重且高強度的開孔片材。 依照本發明的開孔片材之製造方法的話，便可提供可排 除材料浪費，具經濟效益且有效率的製造具上述特性之開 ?L片材的開孔片材之製造方法。 本發明的吸收性物品用之表面片材，係使排泄於表面上 的液體（特別係高黏性液體）不易殘留於表面上，且不易產 生斑疹或悶氣等現象。 依照本發明的吸收性物品用表面片材之製造方法的 話’便可有效率且具經濟效益的製造具優越特性的上述表 面片材。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1爲顯示本發明之開孔片材之一實施形態的槪略俯視 圖。 圖2爲顯示圖1所示開孔片材之製造裝置槪略模式圖。 圖3爲顯示圖1所示開孔片材之製造步驟中，細縫之形 成步驟及擴開步驟的模式圖（從上方部分透視圖2所示製 造裝置之一部份所觀看到的圖）° 圖4爲顯示本發明吸收性物品用之表面片材之一實施形 32 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 1235651 態槪略立體圖。 圖5爲沿著圖4中之X _ X線所作之模式剖視圖。 圖6爲顯示第2層上所形成之細縫及該細縫經擴開而形 成的開孔的圖；圖6 ( a)爲從第2層側觀看到圖4所示表面 片材之一部份的圖；圖6(b)爲顯示形成圖3(a)所示開孔之 目的而植入第1層中之細縫的圖案的圖。 圖7 (a)〜圖7(c)分別爲顯示接合部形成圖案例的圖。 圖8(a)〜圖8(c)分別爲顯示本發明吸收性物品用之表面 片材的製造方法之較佳實施形態的圖。 圖9爲顯示本發明吸收性物品用之表面片材的其他實施 形態的槪略立體圖。 (元件符號說明） 1,1 10A 開孔片材 2,105 開孔 3,6 滾動切刀 7 熱軋花裝置 1 0A, 1 20 原紡織輥 10,101 熱收縮性不織布 1 1，105Β,105· 細縫 3 1 刀刃 32,61 割刀輥 33 承接輥 4 1 針 62 承接輥 312/發明說明書(補件)/91〇4/9210〇714 33 12356511235651 发明 Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a perforated sheet and a method for manufacturing the same; in detail, it relates to an extremely large perforated area (aperture perforation) and perforation ratio, low specific gravity and high strength. Perforated sheet, and a method of manufacturing the perforated sheet that economically and efficiently manufactures the perforated sheet and eliminates material waste. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a surface sheet for an absorbent article and a method for manufacturing the same, which are not easily left on the surface and are not liable to cause skin rashes or swells, and are particularly difficult to cause. [Previous technology] Non-woven fabrics made of disposable body fluid absorbent articles such as sanitary napkins and disposable diapers, which are discarded after use, are widely used. Non-woven fabrics that are stable in quality and inexpensive to manufacture can be used. New functions and the like are provided, and a method of forming openings in the nonwoven fabric is adopted. Conventional non-woven hole-opening techniques are known as: (a) a method of punching holes with or without heated needles piercing through the non-woven cloth; (b) using heated or non-heated knurled rollers to crush the fibers under high pressure to form them separately A method of making holes; and (c) a method of burning with laser light or flame, or a method of making holes by dissolving a non-woven fabric with a heated needle. However, 'these methods have difficulties in producing a sheet with a large opening area (opening diameter) and a high opening ratio. Further, the method (c) described above has the disadvantage of hardening the periphery of the opening and generating burn marks or polymer balls. The method of obtaining a perforated sheet with a larger perforation area (open porosity) and a larger perforation ratio is as follows: cutting a part of the non-woven fabric into a specified shape to form an opening 6 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92 -04/92100714 1235651 Hole method (perforation processing). However, 'in this case, in addition to the sheet strength being greatly reduced', the pierced portion will be wasted, and in addition, a step or equipment for removing the pierced portion is needed. In addition, the opening technology of other nonwovens is similar to the method of forming a slit in the nonwoven after forming a slit in the nonwoven. However, in this case, if it is not an elastic nonwoven, it will be easy to extend it. The sheet is twisted or broken, and if the stretched state is not fixed with other components, the open state cannot be maintained. Furthermore, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-2250 0257, it is described that a slit is formed by expanding the slits of a sheet that has been implanted with slits, but this opening is It is also the result of a stretched sheet. Surface sheets for absorbent articles, such as sanitary napkins, are required to have an absorptive property that allows discharged liquid such as menstrual blood or urine to quickly move to the absorbent body, and the surface abutting the wearer's skin is soft and less irritating to the skin Surface features. The conventional surface sheet for an absorbent article is, for example, a non-woven fabric obtained according to various manufacturing methods, or a perforation performed twice, or a perforated film made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene. However, to date, osmium has not provided a material that satisfies both the above-mentioned absorption performance and surface characteristics. In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-1 1 1 6 3 1 (Patent No. 3 1 3 1 5 57), "Non-woven fabrics such as disposable diapers and sanitary napkins suitable for use are described. A layer of heat-shrinkable fibers and heat-sealable fibers, and a layer containing non-heat-shrinkable fibers, and the two layers are partially bonded to each other in a thickness direction of 7 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92 · 〇4 / 92100714 1235651 After the integration, the heat-shrinkable fiber-containing layer is heat-shrinked to form a stripe-shaped wrinkled non-woven fabric composed of another layer on the surface. However, even if such a wrinkled non-woven fabric, liquids excreted on the surface, especially high-viscosity liquids, are not easy to remain on the surface, and are prone to cause rashes or suffocation. Furthermore, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-3 7 5 5 discloses that the non-woven fabric used for the base material of the surface fastener system such as disposable after use is partially and thermally welded by the first and second parts. One of the fiber layers causes heat shrinkage, and the other forms a non-woven fabric that protrudes on one side to form regular convex portions. However, this non-woven fabric is relatively easy to harden, and it is not designed to sufficiently prevent discomfort or skin diseases caused by skin rash. Therefore, it is useful as a surface sheet for absorbent articles. Difficult. Furthermore, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1 1-2 5 3 4 9 0 discloses that: a plurality of fine slits are formed in the top sheet, and the sheets are stretched toward the right angle of the slits to Post-use disposable diapers that form openings. The openings of this diaper will also be created in the stretched sheet. In addition, the top sheet formed with openings does not have a multilayer structure, and the openings do not belong to a three-dimensional state. [Summary of the invention] The object of the present invention is to provide a non-woven fabric with a large opening area (open pore size) and a high pore opening ratio of 'open surface sheet with smooth surface, no unevenness, low specific gravity and high strength', and material waste can be eliminated. And an economical and efficient method for manufacturing the perforated sheet of the perforated sheet. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid that is excreted on the surface. 8 312 / Instruction of the Invention (Supplement) / 92-〇4 / 921 〇7141235651 Body's, especially local viscosity such as menstrual blood or soft stool A surface sheet for an absorbent article in which liquid does not easily remain on the surface, and does not easily cause skin rash or swelling, and a method for manufacturing the same. The present invention achieves the above object by providing a perforated sheet as described below. The perforated sheet is made of a heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric having a large number of fine slits, and is contracted in such a manner as to expand each of the fine slits, and a plurality of heat-shrinkable non-woven fabrics are formed even when no tension is applied. An opening capable of maintaining an opening state (hereinafter referred to as "this invention" when referred to as "the first invention"). The present invention achieves the above-mentioned object by providing a method for manufacturing a perforated sheet described below. The manufacturing method of the perforated sheet is a heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric having a large number of fine slits. In a state where the shrinkage of the width and length of the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric is restricted, heat treatment is performed to expand each of the fine slits. , And manufacture a perforated sheet with a large number of perforations (hereinafter referred to as "the second invention", "this invention"). The present invention achieves the above object by providing a surface sheet for an absorbent article described below. The surface sheet for the absorbent article is formed by laminating the first layer disposed on the skin side and the second layer disposed on the absorber side, and partially bonding the two layers to form a bonding portion of a predetermined pattern; Among them, the first layer is formed with a convex portion in a portion other than the above-mentioned joint portion; and the first layer and / or the second layer have fine slits (hereinafter referred to as "the third invention", the "this invention") . [Embodiment] (A preferred embodiment of the invention) The present invention will be described based on a preferred embodiment. 9 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 The perforated sheet 1 of one embodiment of the perforated sheet of the present invention (first invention) is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, The heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10 having a plurality of fine slits 11 is shrunk by expanding the slits 11 and a plurality of heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabrics 10 are formed even when no tension is applied. The opening 2 that can maintain the opening state. The perforated sheet 1 of this embodiment will be described in detail. The perforated sheet 1 has a length direction (upper and lower directions in FIG. 1) corresponding to a flow direction of the heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric at the time of manufacture (left and right directions in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3), and an axial direction perpendicular thereto (FIG. 1 Left and right direction, the direction indicated by the component symbol W in FIG. 1). Most of the openings 2 are formed in the form of the arrangement in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the opening sheet 1, respectively. Each of the openings 2 is formed in a slightly oval shape having a long axis in the longitudinal direction of the opening sheet 1 and a short axis in the width direction. The perforated sheet 1 is composed of a single-layer non-woven fabric containing heat-shrinkable fibers that shrink with heat (including crimping). The shape of the heat-shrinkable fiber is crimped in combination with the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric used in the raw material, and the fiber diameter becomes thick. The perforated sheet 1 can maintain the perforated state of each perforation 2 even when no tension is applied. That is, FIG. 1 shows the perforated sheet 1 in a state where no tension is applied (natural state). Next, an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a perforated sheet according to the present invention will be described by taking the case of manufacturing the perforated sheet 1 as an example. A heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric 1 〇 ′ was spun from the original textile roll (0 rigina 1 te X ti 1 er ο 11) 1 〇 A, and the heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric 1 〇 ′ was continuously conveyed while 10 312 / Invention specification ( (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 A plurality of fine slits 11 are formed on the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10 'by a rolling cutter 3. The rolling cutter 3 is provided with a cutting roller 32 including a plurality of cutting edges 31 formed in the circumferential direction, and a receiving roller 3 3 disposed at a position opposite to the cutting roller; each of the slits 1 1 The direction is parallel to the flow direction of the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric. Next, the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10 which has been implanted into the slit 11 is continuously introduced into the heating device 4 of the needle plate sawing machine, and the heating and shrinking device 4 of the needle plate sawing machine is linked (synchronized) to the heat shrinkability. The non-woven fabric 10 is moved and the needle 41 is moved so that the width of the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10 is not shrunk, while the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10 is fixed on both sides, while the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10 is fixed on both sides. Perform heat treatment. In addition to the method of heat treatment, far-infrared treatment can be used for the heat treatment. The above heat treatment is a heat treatment in which the shrinkage of the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric is limited to a length of 10 because the tension is applied to the flow direction of the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10 with continuous conveyance. The "restricted width and length shrinkage of the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric" herein refers to a state in which the shrinkage of the width and length of the entire heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric is allowed although part of the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric is allowed to shrink. This state is not limited to the case where the width of the non-woven fabric (the length orthogonal to the flow direction) and the length (the length in the same direction of the flow direction) are not changed at all, and also includes the width and / or length to some extent Shrinking case. However, from the viewpoint of forming openings having a large opening area and a large opening ratio, it is preferable that the width and length change rate of the nonwoven fabric before and after the heat treatment be within 10%, respectively. The rate of change of the width and length of the non-woven fabric was obtained by measuring the width and length of the non-woven fabric before and after heat treatment from 11 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651. Through the heat treatment, the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10 shrinks. As a result, each of the aforementioned fine slits 11 is expanded to form a plurality of openings 2. The shrinkage (partial shrinkage) of the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10 is different from the shrinkage of the width and length of the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10, which means that the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric 10 shrinks except for the narrow seams. In this case, the perforated sheet 1 having a larger perforated area and perforation ratio can be continuously obtained in the form of a strip-shaped sheet. The perforated sheet 1 of this embodiment has an opening 2 formed by widening the slits 11 and, when this opening is formed, no fiber movement occurs and the number of fibers is reduced, so even when the opening is formed, In the case of a hole having a large hole area and a large opening ratio, since the reduction in sheet strength can still be significantly suppressed, it is lower than the opening sheet in which openings are formed by, for example, chiseling (perforation processing). , Will form a higher strength sheet. The average opening area of one opening of the opening sheet of the present invention is, for example, 2 to 350 mm2, and is preferably set to 10 to 100 mm2. Furthermore, the aperture ratio of the apertured sheet is, for example, 5 to 90%, and preferably 10 to 80%. The average opening area and the opening ratio were measured as follows. [Measurement method of average aperture area and aperture ratio] Using a light source [sunlight SL-2 3 0K2; made by LPL (stock)], a carrier [copy carrier CS-5; made by LPL (stock)], a lens [24mm / F2. 8D NIKKOR lens (registered trademark, transliteration)], CCD camera [(HV-37; connected to the lens by F-bonding by Hitachi Electronics Co., Ltd.]], and video camera 璋 (Specification 12 312 / Invention Specification (Supplementary Pieces) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 3 2 〇 〇; made by Canon Boots (stock)), take the image of the front or back side of the perforated sheet 1. The captured image was analyzed by NEXUS image analysis software (ver. 4. 20), dilute the opening portion. The opening area of each opening is obtained from the binarized image, and the average 値 is taken as the average opening area. Divide the area of the perforated portion processed by the binarization process by the total image area to obtain the perforation ratio (%). When it is difficult to measure the area of each hole, an auxiliary treatment such as coating the hole part is performed on the screen. In addition, the perforated sheet 1 of this embodiment can form clear perforations even when a low-specific gravity heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric (for example, less than 30 g / m2, especially less than 20 g / m2) is used. In addition, the perforated sheet 1 of this embodiment is free from distortion or breakage when compared with the perforated sheet in which a non-woven fabric having fine slits is stretched to form perforations, and the surface can be formed without unevenness. And smooth and beautiful perforated sheet. Furthermore, according to the method for manufacturing a perforated sheet according to this embodiment, when the slits 11 are expanded to form the perforations 2, and when the perforations are formed, no fiber movement occurs and the fiber sliver is reduced. Therefore, even in the case of forming a hole having a large opening area and a high opening rate, the strength of the sheet can be greatly suppressed compared to a method of forming a hole by using a punching process (perforation processing). The reduction. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a high-strength open-hole sheet 1 having a large open area (open pore size) and a high open area ratio. Furthermore, unlike the case where a hole is formed by drilling (perforation processing), since the cutting hole is not generated when the hole is formed, 13 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92- 〇4 / 92100714 1235651 is the process or equipment for processing it, so it can suppress the waste of materials, and it can make the perforated sheet economically. The heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric used in the present invention is only required to cause shrinkage when heat treatment is performed in a non-stressed state. The rest is not particularly limited, but the opening area (opening diameter) and opening are obtained from From the viewpoint of the perforated sheet 1 having a large porosity, it is preferable that the width and length of the perforated sheet 1 are reduced by more than 30% by 80 to 25 or heat treatment in a natural state (not under tension). As the heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric, for example, a non-woven fabric containing potentially crimpable fibers can be used. Potentially crimpable fibers are fibers that can be treated the same as conventional non-woven fabrics before heating, and when heated at a specified temperature, they exhibit the properties of helical crimping and shrinkage. Potentially crimpable fibers are composed of, for example, eccentric core-sheath composite fibers or side-by-side composite fibers composed of two thermoplastic polymer materials having different shrinkage rates. This example may be, for example, those disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-2 9 6 3 2 5 or Patent No. 2 7 5 9 U 1. When a non-woven fabric containing potentially crimpable fibers is used, a relatively soft, open-celled sheet can be obtained. In addition, non-woven fabrics containing other fibers (such as rayon, cotton, and hydrophilic acrylic fibers) in the heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric can also be used. The content of the heat-shrinkable fibers in the heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric is preferably 30% or more by weight ratio, and more preferably 50 to 100% or more. Non-woven fabrics containing latent crimpable fibers can be made, for example, by using card webs such as air perforations, heat rollers, ultrasonic waves, pair 14 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 spun net (sp U η 1 ace) and other processing methods to produce non-woven fabrics, or spunbond (spunb ο ndmeth 0 d) method, air comb method (air -1 ay ni eth 0 d), melt- Method (me 11 b 1 ownmethod), wet method, etc. The perforated sheet of the present invention can be used for various purposes, and its use is not particularly limited, such as the constituent materials (surface sheet, disposition on body fluid absorbent articles) of sanitary napkins, incontinence pads, disposable diapers, etc. A sheet which is provided between the surface sheet and the absorber and which imparts liquid diffusivity, penetration, or rigidity, etc.), a cleaning sheet used for mounting on a cleaning tool, a constituent material such as a conditioning sheet, and the like. In the perforated sheet of the present invention, from the viewpoint of strength during transportation or use during manufacture, the optimum range of the maximum point load in the MD direction is above i on, particularly preferably above 15 N; The optimal point load range is 0. Above 5N, especially above in is preferred. The method for measuring the maximum point load will be described later in the examples. As mentioned above, although various embodiments of the perforated sheet of the present invention and its manufacturing method have been described, the present invention (first and second inventions) is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the heat treatment applied to the heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric 10 can also replace the heat treatment device of the needle plate pull saw machine, and instead use, for example, hot air to form the heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric in a state of being crimped on the net (with a limited length Air perforation heat treatment device that performs heat treatment at the same time as the state of shrinking with the width); or heat roll heating device that simultaneously performs heat treatment while restricting the length and width of the sheet while applying tension to the heating roller . These devices can be used alone or in combination of two or more. 15 312 / Invention Manual (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 Furthermore, the slit forming device for forming slits on the heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric is not only a rotary die cutter, but also can be used for example: groove cutting (Share * cutter), laser cutter, ultrasonic cutter, etc. The slits are not limited to the direction parallel to the flow direction of the heat-shrinkable non-woven fabric, but can also extend in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction, or in an oblique direction (for example, 45 degrees). In addition, it can be a cruciform slit. By changing the shape or direction of the slit, an opening of the desired shape can be obtained. The perforated sheet 1 1 0 for an absorbent article according to an embodiment of the present invention (third invention) (first embodiment) is shown in Figs. 4 and 5, and includes: The first layer 101 and the second layer 102 arranged on the absorber side. The two layers 101 and 102 are partially bonded to form a bonding portion 103 (see FIG. 7 (a)) having a rhombus-like pattern (designated pattern). Each joint portion 103 in this embodiment is circular in plan view and is not continuously formed. The joint portion 03 is compacted, and has a smaller thickness and a higher density than the other parts of the opening sheet 110A. The joint portion 103 is formed by various joining mechanisms such as hot embossing, ultrasonic embossing, and adhesive bonding. Although the joint portion 103 in this embodiment is circular, the shape of each joint portion 103 may be oval, triangular, rectangular, or a combination thereof, in addition to the circle. The joint portion 103 may also have a continuous shape (for example, forming a linear shape or a linear shape such as a curve or a grid shape). Other examples of the pattern of the bonding portion 103 are shown in Figs. 7 (b) and 7 (c). The area ratio of the joint portion 103 to the surface sheet area [the total area of the joint portion 103 included in the unit area and volume relative to the unit area of the perforated sheet * 'is expressed as a percentage. Measure before layer shrinkage], from the viewpoint of 16 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 to fully improve the joint between the first layer 1 〇1 and the second layer 102 From the viewpoint of sufficiently forming a convex three-dimensional shape and showing a fluffy height, it is preferably 3 to 50%, and more preferably 5 to 35%. The first layer 101 is composed of a fiber assembly, and is formed in a convex shape on the skin side in a portion other than the joint portion 103 with the second layer 102. That is, the 'open-hole sheet 1 1 10 A has a plurality of closed areas formed by surrounding the joint portion 1 0 3 formed by the above pattern. In this closed area, the first layer 1 0 1 is formed into a dome-like convex shape. (See Figure 4 and Figure 5). The convex portion (convex portion) 104 of the first layer is filled with the fibers constituting the first layer, and the portion other than the joint portion 103 is along the interface between the first layer 101 and the second layer 102. All regions that are not joined are brought into close contact. The shape of the convex shape of the first layer is mainly determined by the shape of the fiber assembly and the pattern of the joint portion 103 of the first layer 101. The first layer 101 is composed of a fiber aggregate of a different type and / or formula from the fibers constituting the second layer 101. The height T (refer to FIG. 5) of the convex portion (convex portion) 1 04 formed by the first layer 1 〇1 of the perforated sheet is from the viewpoint of imparting sufficient compression deformability and bulkiness to the perforated sheet. Say 'Department 0.3 5 mm, preferably 0. 5 ~ 3 m m. By setting the height T of the convex portion to 0 · 3 mm or more, the area of contact with the skin can be reduced, and it is possible to prevent skin rashes or blistering caused by skin blockage during use. By setting the height of the convex part below 5 mm, the distance between the absorbed liquid and the second layer 102 can be shortened, and the liquid can be absorbed smoothly even at low load. The height of the convex portion 104 is measured in the following manner. 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 First, cut out a test piece with a length and length of 30mmx30mm from the perforated sheet. Then, a cross-section is made by a line approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction [the fiber alignment direction of the fiber assembly constituting the first layer (the flow direction during the production of the fiber assembly)] and through the joint portion 103. A high power microscope (Olympus, SZH 10) was used to obtain a magnified photograph of this section. Align the ruler of the enlarged photo and measure the height from the top of the convex part to the bottom (above the adjacent joint part 103). The second layer 102 is composed of a heat-shrinked fiber assembly. As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 (a), the openings 105 passing through the second layer are regularly formed according to a specified pattern. The openings 105 are formed so that the slits 105 '[see Fig. 6 (b)] implanted in the second layer before the heat shrinkage are expanded in accordance with the heat shrinkage of the second layer. The shape of each of the openings 105 is a pair of arcs facing each other and has a longitudinal shape. The openings 105 are arranged in a honeycomb pattern as a whole. The shape of the openings 105 may also be oval, round, crumbled, egg-shaped, or the like. The openings 10 and 5 may also be arranged in a plurality of directions in the directions of M D and CD respectively. The openings 105 are preferably uniformly dispersed throughout the entire area of the opening sheet. Except in the case where the fine seam is a pattern surrounding the surroundings of the layered integrated part of the first layer and the second layer, or the honeycomb pattern of the fine seam is the same integrated pattern, when the first layer and the second layer are In the case where the lamination integration pattern and the slit pattern belong to any combination, in order to shorten or narrow the slit length, the shape of the opening will be randomly opened corresponding to each part. Hole shape and opening area. The average opening area of each opening 105 is 3 to 3 2 0 mm2, and preferably 7 to 120 mm2 from the viewpoint of passage of a highly viscous liquid. Opening rate of the second layer 18 312 / Invention specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 [The openings included in the unit area 1 〇 5 The total opening area, relative to the unit area of the opening sheet (100 cm2) The ratio, expressed as a percentage], is from 5 to 70%, and preferably from 7 to 50% from the viewpoint of passage of a highly viscous liquid. The average opening area and the opening ratio were measured in the following manner. [Measurement method of average aperture area and aperture ratio] Using a light source [sunlight SL-2 3 0K2; made by LPL (stock)], a carrier [copy carrier CS-5; made by LPL (stock)], a lens [24mm / F2. 8D NIKKOR lens], CCD camera [(HV-37; connected to the lens using F-bond by Hitachi Electronics Co., Ltd.]], and video camera port (specification 3 200; Canon Booth Co., Ltd.) An image of the front side or the back side of the perforated sheet 1. The captured image was analyzed with image analysis software (ver. 4. 20), dilute the openings. Obtain the opening area of each opening from the binarized image, take the average 値 and regard it as the average opening area. The area of the perforated portion after the binarization treatment is divided by the total image area 'to obtain the perforation ratio (%). When the measurement of the opening area of each opening is difficult, the auxiliary processing such as coating the part of the hole is performed on the screen. Next, a preferred manufacturing method of the perforated sheet 1 10 A of the first embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 8 (a). In this manufacturing method, the second layer 10 02 uses a heat-shrinkable fiber assembly. The first layer 10 01 uses a fiber assembly that is not heat-shrinked below the shrinkage start temperature of the fiber assembly constituting the second layer. body. First, the original textile roll 1 2 0 is spun out of a heat-shrinkable fiber assembly 19 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 into a second layer 10 and continuously conveyed. The two layers 1 02 are formed with a plurality of fine slits 105 in a designated pattern by the rolling cutter 6 [refer to FIG. 6 (b)]. The rolling cutter 6 is provided with a cutting roller including a plurality of cutting edges formed in the circumferential direction. 6 1; and the receiving roller 62 disposed at the opposite position of the cutter roller; the direction of each slit 105 ′ is parallel to the flow direction (machine direction, MD direction) of the second layer. The length in the longitudinal direction of each slit (in this embodiment, the MD direction length of the opening sheet) is 5 to 50 mm, but from the viewpoint of the transverse strength and the opening area, and the maximum width of the slit (in the longitudinal direction) The width in the orthogonal direction) is preferably 1 to 20 mm. This is also preferable from the viewpoint of the passage and strength of the highly viscous liquid. Next, the second layer 102 and the first layer 101 which have been implanted with the slits 105 'are laminated, and the laminated two layers 101 and 102 are partially joined by a hot embossing device 7 in a prescribed pattern. The hot embossing device 7 is configured to partially heat and press the two layers between the embossing roller 71 and the smoothing roller 72, or between the embossing rollers, in which a predetermined pattern is formed on the peripheral surface, so that the two layers are formed in the thickness direction. Integration. Then, the laminated sheets 1 10 'of the first and second layers which are laminated and integrated are successively introduced into the needle plate sawing machine heating device 8. In the needle plate pulling saw heating device 8, the two needles that move in conjunction with the flow of the laminated sheet 11 ′ are fixed, and the two sides of the laminated sheet 110 f are fixed, and the width of the second layer 102 is not contracted. A method of reducing the shrinkage to a specified width or less while controlling the degree of shrinkage while performing heat treatment on the laminated sheet 1 1 0 ′ below the shrinkage start temperature of the fiber assembly constituting the second layer 10 2. For the heat treatment method, for example, the method of making hot air 20 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 penetrate the laminated sheet, the method of blowing hot air from the second layer side, the hot roller method, and the distance Infrared processing and more. As a result of this heat treatment, the second layer 102 will shrink, and at the same time, the fine slits will be opened to form openings 105. With the shrinkage of the second layer 102, the portion other than the joint in the first layer 001 will be deformed into a convex shape, or a height higher than the height of the convex portion, and the fiber density of the portion Will decrease. In this way, the perforated sheet 1 1 0 A for an absorbent article according to the first embodiment can be obtained. In the heat treatment described above, since the laminated sheet 110 ′ being continuously conveyed is subjected to heat treatment in a state where tension is applied in the flow direction, a contraction state in which the width direction and the length direction of the second layer 102 are controlled is formed. Down heat treatment. In this way, by controlling the shrinkage of the second layer in the width direction and / or the length direction (preferably the shrinkage in the two directions such as the width and length direction), the heat treatment can be performed to generate openings as the heat shrinks, and Easily get control of opening area. Here, the contraction state of the second layer in the width direction and / or length direction means that although the fiber assembly constituting the second layer is allowed to partially shrink, the contraction of the width and length of the entire second layer is completely controlled. , Or control the state below the specified ratio. This state is not limited to the case where the width of the second layer (the length in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction) and the length (the length in the same direction of the flow direction) of the second layer are not changed at all before and after the heat treatment. This situation is reduced. However, from the standpoint of obtaining a clear opening range from management and increasing the specific gravity, the area shrinkage ratio before and after shrinkage of the second layer 21 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 is preferably 〇 ~ 60 ％, especially 5 ~ 50 ％. If the area shrinkage ratio of the second layer is the reference area S 0 before shrinking and the area S 1 after shrinking the reference area, it can be obtained from the following formula (1). Shrinkage (%) = (Sq-Si) / Sgx100 (1) If the perforated sheet η Ο A for the absorbent article according to the first embodiment is used, the first layer will be convex because of the protrusions and the inter-fibers will expand. Therefore, a low density will be formed, and the second layer will have a region with high density and a region with openings as the heat shrinks. When the fibers are hydrophilized because the fiber densities of the first layer and the second layer are different, there is a difference in the state of liquid penetration due to the capillary phenomenon. Because the first layer is low density (sparse), it is easier to pass through highly viscous liquids. The second layer has sufficient openings to pass through the highly viscous liquid, so the highly viscous liquid will flow smoothly through the openings to the absorber. In addition, the remaining low-viscosity liquid in the first layer will use the difference in capillary phenomenon between the first layer and the second layer to move the liquid from the first layer to the second layer. Therefore, a highly viscous liquid can be smoothly penetrated, and no liquid remains on the surface, and it is difficult to produce a dry feeling of suffocation. Furthermore, according to the above-mentioned method for manufacturing a surface sheet, a fluffy sheet having a large opening for thermal shrinkage of the fibers around the slits can be produced at high speed. If the fibers constituting the first layer and the second layer are described, the fibers constituting the first layer may be heat-fusible fibers, and preferably fibers composed of a thermoplastic polymer material. Examples of the thermoplastic polymer material include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene; polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate; and polyamides. In addition, a core-sheath composite fiber or a side-by-side composite fiber composed of the group of these thermoplastic polymer materials 22 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92 · 04/92100714 1235651 may be used. The type of the fiber assembly constituting the first layer includes, for example, a fiber web formed by a carding method, a non-woven fabric formed by a thermal fusion method, a non-woven fabric formed by a parent-spray water method, and a needle punch method. The formed non-woven fabric, the non-woven fabric formed by the solvent adhesion method, the non-woven fabric formed by the spun-bond method, the non-woven fabric formed by the melt-blown method, or knitted fabrics, and the like. The first layer 1 ο 1 of the first embodiment may be formed of a fiber web formed by a carding method. If the first layer 1 〇i belongs to the case of the fiber web formed by the carding method, it is easier to cooperate and integrate because it is less likely to deform or distort with thermal shrinkage than in the case of non-woven fabrics. The pattern obtains a uniform convex shape. The fiber web formed by the carding method refers to a fiber assembly in a state before being woven. That is, when post-processing of the carded fiber web used in the manufacture of the non-woven fabric is performed, for example, in a state where the heat-welding process by the air perforation method or the calendering method is not performed, the fiber aggregates are extremely gently interlaced. When the fiber web formed by the carding method is used for the first fiber layer, 'the first layer 101 and the second layer 102 are joined at the same time or after the joining, the first layer 101 is The fibers are formed by thermal fusion, solvent-based adhesion, or mechanical interlacing. The fibers constituting the second fiber layer are preferably heat-shrinkable fibers, particularly those made of a thermoplastic polymer material and having heat-shrinkability. From the viewpoint of making the surface sheet that maintains stretchability soft after heat shrinkage, it is preferable to use latently shrinkable fibers 23 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651. Potentially crimpable fibers are fibers that can be treated like conventional nonwoven fabrics before heating, and are heated at a specified temperature to exhibit spirally crimping and yield properties. This example may be described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9 -2 9 6 3 2 5 or Patent No. 2 7 5 9 3 3 1. The shape of the fiber assembly constituting the second fiber layer may be, for example: (〖) a fiber web containing latent crimpable fibers and formed by a carding method; or (2) a non-woven fabric having heat shrinkability, such as using a heat roller The formed fiber web, the non-woven fabric formed by the thermal welding method, the non-woven fabric formed by the staggered water jet method, the non-woven fabric formed by the needle punch method, the non-woven fabric formed by the solvent adhesion method, and the spun bond Non-woven fabrics formed by the method, non-woven fabrics formed by the melt-blowing method, or knitted fabrics, and the like. Among them, the non-woven fabric having heat shrinkability refers to a non-woven fabric having a shrinking property by heating at a predetermined temperature. The second layer 102 in the first embodiment is formed of a heat-shrinkable nonwoven fabric made of heat-shrinkable fibers. In the first layer 101 and the second layer 102, fibers other than the above (for example, water-absorbing fibers such as rayon, cotton, and hydrophilic acrylic fibers) may be mixed. Next, the surface sheet 1 1 0 B for an absorbent article according to the second embodiment will be described. The surface sheet 1 10B of the second embodiment will be described mainly with respect to points different from the surface sheet 1 10 A of the first embodiment, and the description of the same structure will be omitted. The points that are not specifically described are similar to those of the first embodiment, and the above description of the first embodiment can be appropriately adopted. 24 312 / Invention Note (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 The first layer 101 and the second layer 102 in the surface sheet 110B are both formed of a non-woven fabric. The bonding pattern of the first layer 101 and the second layer 102 is a pattern as shown in FIG. 7 (b). In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, a slit 105B is implanted in a portion where the convex shape is formed on the first layer 101 (the portion other than the joint portion of the first layer 101). The slits 105B are formed in a convex shape by the first layer 101, so that the slits are widened, and an opening is formed by creating a height difference in the sheet on the left and right of the slits. The surface sheet 110B of the second embodiment is manufactured by a method as shown in Fig. 8 (b). In other words, the first layer 1 〇1 composed of the fiber aggregate that does not cause heat shrinkage below the thermal contraction starting temperature of the fiber assembly used as the second layer 10 2 is spun from the original textile roll, and The first layer 1 01 is conveyed, and slits are cut with a rolling cutter 6. Next, on the first layer, a second layer 102 composed of a heat-shrinkable fiber assembly (non-woven fabric) is laminated, and the two layers 1 0 1, 102 are partially joined by a hot embossing device 7 , And integrated toward the thickness. The laminated sheet 1 1 0 ′ of which the first layer and the second layer are laminated and integrated is introduced into the heating device 8 of the needle plate sawing machine, and the shrinkage start temperature of the fiber assembly constituting the second layer 102 is obtained. Heat treatment is performed at the above temperature to cause thermal contraction of the second layer 102. By this heat treatment, while the second layer 102 is shrinking, the portion of the first layer 101 except the joint portion 103 will form a convex shape, and at the same time, the fine seam of the convex portion will be bent to form an arc shape. Because the height or curvature of the bow shape will be different, the fine seam will widen, and there will be a difference in height between the fine seam and the bow shape. 25 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 to form an opening. In this way, a surface sheet 1 1 0B for an absorbent article according to the second embodiment can be obtained. The formation of the slits, the joining of the first and second layers, and the heat treatment conditions, etc., can be performed in the same manner as shown in Fig. 8 (a). According to the surface sheet 1 1 〇B for an absorbent article according to the second embodiment, a gap will be generated due to the height difference between the bows. Therefore, the highly viscous liquid will smoothly pass through the first layer from the gap. It is less likely to remain highly viscous liquid. Furthermore, according to the method for manufacturing a surface sheet shown in FIG. 8 (b), a fluffy surface sheet having superior high-viscosity liquid penetrability can be produced at high speed. Next, a surface sheet for an absorbent article according to the third embodiment will be described. The surface sheet according to the third embodiment will be described mainly with respect to points different from the surface sheet 1 10 A of the first embodiment, and the description of the same structure will be omitted. Regarding points that are not particularly described, like the first embodiment, the above description of the first embodiment can be appropriately adopted. The surface sheet 1 10 C of the third embodiment has openings that are formed by expanding the slits that penetrate the first and second layers. The surface sheet of the third embodiment is manufactured by a method as shown in Fig. 8 (c). In other words, the first layer 1 composed of the heat-shrinkable fiber assembly and the first layer 1 composed of the fiber assembly that does not cause heat shrinkage below the thermal contraction start temperature of the fiber assembly constituting the second layer 〇1 is laminated, 26 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 and the two layers 1 〇 1, 1 〇 2 are partially joined by a hot embossing device 7 in a specified pattern. Then, the laminated sheets 1 1 0 'integrated with the first layer and the second layer are sequentially subjected to heat treatment by forming a slit with a rolling cutter 6 and using a needle plate sawing machine heating device 8. By this heat treatment, while the second layer 102 is shrinking, the first layer 101 bonded to the second layer 102 will also shrink, and in the two parts of the first and second layers, the fine The seam will expand to form an opening. In addition, with the shrinkage of the second layer 102, the portion of the first layer 101 other than the joint portion will be deformed into a convex shape, or a height higher than the height of the convex portion, and the thickness of the portion It will also increase. In this way, the surface sheet 11 0 C for an absorbent article according to the second embodiment can be obtained. The formation of the slits, the joining of the first and second layers, and the heat treatment conditions, etc., can be performed in the same manner as shown in Fig. 8 (a) above. According to the surface sheet 1 1 0C for an absorbent article according to the third embodiment, since the slits that penetrate the first layer and the second layer are formed and opened, a large opening area can be obtained. Moreover, the surface speed of the highly viscous liquid is increased, and the penetrability to the absorbent body is improved. Furthermore, according to the method for manufacturing the surface sheet shown in FIG. 8 (c), since the double-layered slits are formed, the formation of the slits is simple and the production can be performed quickly. Moreover, in the method shown in FIG. 8 (c), although the fine seams are formed after the first layer and the second layer are joined, the order can be reversed, and the fine seams are formed in the laminated first and second layers. After that, the two are partially joined and integrated. In this case, the same effect can be achieved. 27 312 / Description of the Invention (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 The surface sheet for an absorbent article according to the third invention and the manufacturing method thereof are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, the fine seam is not limited to a partial fine seam according to a predetermined pattern as in each of the above embodiments, and may be a continuous fine seam. In addition, the direction of the 'slit' is not limited to the MD direction, but may be a slit in the CD direction or oblique direction. When slits are provided in the two layers of the first layer and the second layer, the slits may be formed in each layer and then joined to form an integration (it may also pass through slits in different positions). Furthermore, for example, in the first embodiment, the first layer may be composed of a non-woven fabric, and in the second embodiment, the first layer may be composed of a fiber web formed by a carding method. Examples of the absorbent article of the present invention include sanitary napkins, disposable diapers, incontinence pads, and jumpsuits. In addition, other components of the absorbent article, such as absorbent articles or backsheets, may be used by those skilled in absorbent articles such as sanitary napkins or disposable diapers, and there are no particular restrictions on their use. Examples of the absorber include: a fiber assembly; or a fiber assembly and a local water-absorptive polymer 'covered with a covering sheet formed of a water-permeable paper or a non-woven fabric. In the above-mentioned one embodiment, the description is omitted and the requirements that are unique to only one embodiment are applicable to other embodiments. In addition, the requirements of each embodiment can be appropriately replaced with each other in the embodiment. (Examples of the first and second inventions) (Example 1) 1) Manufacture of non-woven fabric without openings 28 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 Potential spiral shape made by Yamato spinning company Crimpable fiber [CPP fiber (trade name), 2. 2dtex x5 1mm] 100% carded fiber web, non-woven with heat roller. The processing conditions of the hot roll were set at 140 ° C for embossing rolls, 130 ° C for flat rolls, 28% (points) of knurling, and speed of 80m / min. 2) The slits are formed in a 200 mm width area in the center of the width direction of the obtained non-porous nonwoven fabric, and the slits [length in the flow direction (MD direction)] of 9 mm are respectively parallel to the MD direction and the MD direction. Multiple rows are formed with an interval of 3 mm between the upper adjacent slits. The interval between the slits in the adjacent rows (the interval in the CD direction) was set to 5 mm, and the positional relationship between the slits in the adjacent rows was staggered (honeycomb arrangement). 3) Perforation processing (manufacturing of perforated sheet) From the slit formation area of the non-woven fabric where the slits have been formed, test pieces with a MD direction of 1,000 mm and a CD direction of 210 mm are obtained, and the center of the width direction of the test piece remains. A part having a width of 120 mm and a weight of a width of 35 mm and a length of 1,000 mm are overlapped on both sides of the test piece. According to this, the test piece in a state in which the width and length of the test piece are restricted from contracting is heat-treated using an air perforation heat treatment machine [heating condition: 142 ° C, wind speed 2m / sec, heating time 25 seconds (speed 4. 5m / min)]. (Embodiment 2) Except for the width of 2 10 mm in the center of the width direction 2 of the non-porous nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 1, the slits with a length of 18 mm were spaced between adjacent slits in the MD direction. 6mm method is used to form multiple rows, and at the same time, the interval between the narrow slits in the adjacent rows (the interval in the CD direction) is set to be more than 3mm. An apertured sheet was obtained as in Example 1. (Comparative example) In the 16 2 mm width area of the center of the width direction 2 of the non-porous nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 1, circular holes with a diameter of 18 mm were arranged in the MD direction and the CD direction. Formed in such a manner as to obtain an apertured sheet. The circular holes are formed by perforating (drilling), and the interval between the circular holes is 6 mm in both the MD and CD directions. The specific gravity of the perforated sheets of the examples and comparative examples was measured, and the results are summarized in Table 1. The non-perforated non-woven fabric in Table 1 is the non-perforated non-woven fabric of Example 1 before the slit formation. [Measurement method of maximum point load and maximum point elongation] The tension mode was measured using a tensile compression tester "RTM-100 (trade name)" made by Toyo Boerdo. First of all, when the film is measured in the MD direction, the film is cut to a size of 150mmx50mm, and when the film is measured in the CD direction, the film is cut to a size of 100m x 50m. Install the measuring piece between the air clamps installed on the tensile compression tester, so that the initial g-shaped material length (distance between the clamps) is set to 100 mm in the MD direction and 50 mm in the CD direction. Then, the fixture installed on the load unit (rated output 5kg) of the tensile compression tester is raised at a speed of 300mm / min, so that the measuring piece is stretched. With this measurement, the maximum point load is measured, and the depth at the maximum point load is set to the maximum point elongation. The so-called MD-direction measuring piece refers to the direction in which the tensile direction of the tensile compression tester is consistent with the MD direction of the measuring piece; and the c D-direction measuring piece refers to the direction in which the direction is consistent with the CD direction of the measuring piece. 30 312 / Invention Manual (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 [Measurement method of thickness] Measured with a Chines (strand) laser displacement gauge. The pressure plate was not placed on the platform with a test piece (non-woven fabric) interposed therebetween, and the thickness at this time was set to 0.00 mm. Next, a test piece was placed on the platform, and the thickness was read after a pressure plate was placed thereon for about 5 seconds, and the thickness was stable. The thickness 値 of the five test pieces was set as the sample thickness. The pressure plate is an aluminum circular plate with a diameter of 56 mm, and the thickness of each sample is 〇. 5gf / cm2 (49Pa) thickness under pressure. In addition, the thickness is rounded to the third decimal place and calculated to the second decimal place. Other conditions are described below. Detector pad: LK-080, Amplifier unit: Lk-2100, Graphical analog controller: RJ-8 00, Measurement piece 100mm × 150mm Table 1 Non-woven fabric without openings μμ Example of the tensile specific gravity in the MD direction ( g / m) 16 ^ ~~ 9. 6 22. 5 | yU ^ 2〇 〇 Maximum point load (N) 9. 79 2. 04 30. 5 17. 1 Maximum point elongation (%) 5. 8 5. 3 13. 3 CD direction specific gravity (g / m 勹 16Τ ^ 9. 8 21. 8 18. 8 Maximum point load (N) 1. 29 0. 27 1. 97 2. 09 --- 179 0 Maximum point elongation (%) 17 ^ 15. 2 63. 6 ~ thickness (mm) 0. W 0. 28 0. 51 〇 61 Porosity (%) * — 44. 2 28. 2 6〇 1 average opening area (mm2) -------- one 254. 0 12. 7 ν · 1 ^ 33? 7 ~ 1 equivalent to the diameter of a circle (Φ) 18. 0 4. 0 6. 5 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651 The opening sheet of the embodiment shown in Table 1, regardless of the opening area (opening diameter) and the opening ratio are extremely large, with low specific gravity and high strength. In addition, when the appearance of the perforated sheet of the embodiment is visually observed, there is almost no unevenness on the surface, which belongs to a smooth surface. (Industrial Applicability) According to the perforated sheet of the present invention, it is possible to provide a perforated sheet having a large perforation area (open porosity) and a large perforation ratio, a low specific gravity, and a high strength. According to the method for manufacturing a perforated sheet according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a perforated sheet having the above-mentioned characteristics, which can eliminate waste of materials, and is economical and efficient. The surface sheet for the absorbent article of the present invention is such that the liquid (especially a highly viscous liquid) excreted on the surface does not easily remain on the surface, and it is not easy to cause spot rash or smoldering. According to the method for producing a surface sheet for an absorbent article according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently and economically produce the above-mentioned surface sheet having excellent characteristics. [Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view showing one embodiment of the perforated sheet of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a manufacturing apparatus of the perforated sheet shown in FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a formation step and a widening step of the slits in the manufacturing steps of the perforated sheet shown in FIG. 1 (a view seen through a part of the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 2 from the upper part) ° FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing an embodiment 32 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 1235651, a surface sheet for an absorbent article of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along line X_X in FIG. 4. Fig. 6 is a view showing a slit formed on the second layer and an opening formed by expanding the slit; Fig. 6 (a) is one of the surface sheets shown in Fig. 4 viewed from the second layer side Fig. 6 (b) is a view showing a pattern of fine slits implanted in the first layer for the purpose of forming the opening shown in Fig. 3 (a). 7 (a) to 7 (c) are diagrams each showing an example of a pattern for forming a joint portion. 8 (a) to 8 (c) are diagrams each showing a preferred embodiment of a method for manufacturing a surface sheet for an absorbent article according to the present invention. Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing another embodiment of a surface sheet for an absorbent article according to the present invention. (Description of component symbols) 1,1 10A perforated sheet 2,105 perforated 3,6 rolling cutter 7 hot embossing device 1 0A, 1 20 original textile roll 10,101 heat shrinkable non-woven fabric 1, 1, 105B, 105, slit 3 1 Blade 32, 61 Cutter roller 33 Bearing roller 4 1 Needle 62 Bearing roller 312 / Instruction for invention (Supplement) / 91〇4 / 9210〇714 33 1235651
7 1 凹凸輥 72 平滑輥 101 第1層 102 第2層 103 接合部 104 凸部 110B,110C 表面片材 1 10' 層積片材 4,8 針板拉鋸機加熱裝置 W 軸方向 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-04/92100714 347 1 Concave roller 72 Smooth roller 101 First layer 102 Second layer 103 Joint 104 Convex section 110B, 110C Surface sheet 1 10 'Laminated sheet 4,8 Needle plate sawing machine heating device W axis direction 312 / Invention manual (Supplement) / 92-04 / 92100714 34