1257737 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化天線，特別 是指一種圓極化天線外圍形狀為一蝴蝶形與中心簍空等邊 三角形所組合之寬頻微帶圓極化天線。 【先前技術】 目前在近距離無線通信中應能實現各種移動設備、消費 • 電子、智慧檢測等設備的互動式通信，尤其更能以低功耗與 微型化所達成的圓極化天線，是當前便攜型無線通信産品迫 切要求和關鍵使用的問題。 y無線通彳a的另一個關鍵問題是在於資料傳輸的可靠 性，其資料傳輸的可靠性這又取決於諸多因素，如：頻率選 擇、同頻干擾、傳輸距離、天線型式......選擇等，這些在設 計無線通信系統時都要認真考慮和比較，其中又以天線規格 • 設計佔絕大多因數。 設計一個波長又介於適當頻段，其體積小、尺寸小之天 線為目前設計之主流，故將天線設計在PCB板上實現天線内 置，這樣同時也可以降低天線生產的成本，故，先前所述為 目前天線或是圓極化天線所需努力之方向。 本案發明人鑑於上述習用天線與圓極化天線所衍生的各 項缺點，乃亟思加以改良創新，並經多年苦心孤詣潛心研究 後，終於成功研發完成本件雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化天線。 1257737 【發明内容】 本發明之目的即在於提供一種上圓極化天線與下圓極化 天線形狀相同之寬頻微帶圓極化天線。 本發明之次一目的係在於提供一種圓極化天線具有一中 心簍空等邊三角形之雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化天線。本發明 之另一目的係在於提供一種採用微帶媿線與圓柱導體接線 構成之阻抗轉換器的設計原理，能減少反射引起的傳輸損 ❿耗，並能明顯增大阻抗頻寬效益之雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化 天線。 本發明之又一目的係在於提供一種採用多層不同間隙的 堆疊結構’其能獲較大圓極化軸比頻寬之雙層蝶式寬頻微帶 圓極化天線。 本發明之再一目的係在於提供一種採用多層不同電介質 之堆疊結構，其能獲較大圓極化軸比頻寬之雙層蝶式寬頻微 •帶圓極化天線。 可達成上述發明目的之雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化天線， 包括有： 一上層介質基板，係於頂部表面利用導電金屬蝕刻一上 圓極化天線，該上圓極化天線外圍形狀為一蝴蝶形與等邊三 角形所組合形成之形狀，且該上圓極化天線其中心為等邊三 角形簍空狀； 1257737 中層介質基板，係、⑨頂部表面利用導電金屬餘刻一下 圓極化天線’且該下圓極化天線外圍形狀為一蝴蝶形與等邊 三角形所組合形成之形狀，且該下圓極化天線其中心為等邊 三角形簍空狀； 下層"貝基板，係於頂部表面利用導電金屬姓刻一微 帶餘線’並於該下層介質基板上垂直穿過形成有-信號饋入 接頭與該微帶魏線連接，以作為信號饋入之饋入點；以及 間距穿過上層介質基板和中層 圓柱導體接線，係以 介質基板，而再以一間距與該下層介質基板電氣連結 【實施方式】 請參閱圖一與圖二，本發 月斤k仏之雙層蝶式寬頻微帶 圓極化天線，主要是由一上層介 貝基板、一中層介質基板以 及一下層介質基板在空間上互相堆疊設置而成，並再以一圓 柱導體接線4以—間距穿過上層介質基板和中層介質基板， 並再以1距與該下層介f基板之微帶餽線31電氣連結而 形成一寬頻微帶圓極化天線。 该上層介質基板（圖中未顯〉 禾”、、員不）’係於頂部表面利用導電 金屬儀刻一上圓極化天線1 1， °亥上®極化天線11外圍形狀 為一蝴蝶形與等邊三角形所組合 办戚之形狀，且該上圓極化 天線11其中心為等邊三角形簍空狀12 · 該中層介質基板（圖巾未顯 你於頂部表面利用導電 1257737 金屬蝕刻一下圓極化天線21， 立5亥下圓極化天線21外圍形 狀為一蝴蝶形與等邊三角形所 小所組合形成之圖案，且該下圓極 化天線21其中心為等邊三角形簍空狀22; 該下層介質基板（圖中未顯示），係於頂部表面利用導電 金屬触刻-微帶餽線31，並於該下層介質基板上垂直穿過形 成有-信號饋入接頭32與該微帶餽線31連接，以作為信號 饋入之饋入點33 ; 該圓柱導體接線4’係以一間距穿過上層介質基板和中 層介質基板’而再以一間距與該下層介質基板之微帶餽線31 電氣連結； 而該下層貝基板之k號饋人接頭32底端可接收一發 射之射頻信號’上端則以圓柱導體接線4連接上層介質基板 和中層介質基板，而該上層介質基板和中層介質基板上形成 一形狀相同之上圓極化天線u與下圓極化天線21，令 2.1GHz射頻信號由信號饋入接頭32送至上圓極化天線丨丨與 下圓極化天線21時，使上圓極化天線u、下圓極化天線21、 相互的電磁搞合作用下而對外輻射共振。 本發明係以印刷電路板（p c B )作一介質基板，並於其介質 基板頂部表面利用導電金屬蝕刻有上圓極化天線u與下圓 極化天線21及下層介質基板之微帶媿31，而本發明在設計 介質基板時，所有導電金屬於蝕刻時，係採用微帶傳輸線的 1257737 設計原理，以微帶餽線31與圓柱導體接線4所構成之阻抗 轉換态’其不同於習用採用同平面四分之一波長阻抗轉換器 之設計，而能纽減少信號傳輸之反射祕，因而獲得比較 大的阻抗頻寬和較低圓極化軸比之較寬頻帶寬度。 再者，因；|貝基板的設計係關係到雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓 極化天線整體的性能，故本發明介質基板之印刷電路板係採 用厚1.6mm的FR4印刷電路板，其介質基板21GHz時介質 藝常數ε r = 4. 4〜4· 9,而上圓極化天線n、下圓極化天線21、 微帶餽線31的金屬厚度爲〇.〇〇2 mm，其匹配阻抗爲5〇Ω。 本發明之雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化天線設計中採用軟體 模擬的方法來计算線寬，本發明設計後是採用1257737 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a double-layer butterfly type broadband microstrip circularly polarized antenna, in particular to a circularly polarized antenna having a peripheral shape of a butterfly shape and a central hollowed-out side A broadband microstrip circularly polarized antenna combined by a triangle. [Prior Art] At present, in the short-range wireless communication, interactive communication of various mobile devices, consumer electronics, smart detection devices, etc., and a circularly polarized antenna that can be achieved with low power consumption and miniaturization, Urgent requirements and critical use issues for current portable wireless communication products. Another key issue of y wireless communication is the reliability of data transmission. The reliability of data transmission depends on many factors, such as frequency selection, co-channel interference, transmission distance, and antenna type. Choices, etc., must be carefully considered and compared when designing a wireless communication system, with antenna specifications and design accounting for most of the factors. Designing a wavelength and a suitable frequency band, the antenna with small size and small size is the mainstream of the current design. Therefore, the antenna is designed to be built on the PCB, so that the cost of the antenna production can also be reduced. The direction of efforts required for current antennas or circularly polarized antennas. In view of the shortcomings derived from the above-mentioned conventional antennas and circularly polarized antennas, the inventors of the present invention have improved and innovated, and after years of painstaking research, finally succeeded in research and development of this double-layer butterfly wide-band microstrip circularly polarized antenna. . 1257737 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a broadband microstrip circularly polarized antenna having the same shape as an upper circularly polarized antenna and a lower circularly polarized antenna. A second object of the present invention is to provide a double-layered butterfly wideband microstrip circularly polarized antenna having a circularly polarized antenna having a central hollowed equilateral triangle. Another object of the present invention is to provide a design principle of an impedance converter comprising a microstrip twisted wire and a cylindrical conductor wire, which can reduce transmission loss caused by reflection and can significantly increase the double layer of impedance bandwidth benefit. Butterfly wideband microstrip circularly polarized antenna. It is still another object of the present invention to provide a double-layered butterfly wide-band microstrip circularly polarized antenna which is capable of obtaining a larger circular polarization axis than a bandwidth by using a plurality of stacked structures of different gaps. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a stacked structure using a plurality of layers of different dielectrics, which is capable of obtaining a double-decker wideband micro-band circularly polarized antenna having a larger circular polarization axis than a bandwidth. The double-layer butterfly type broadband microstrip circularly polarized antenna capable of achieving the above object includes: an upper dielectric substrate, which is etched on the top surface by a conductive metal to etch an upper circularly polarized antenna, and the outer circularly polarized antenna has a peripheral shape of a shape formed by a combination of a butterfly shape and an equilateral triangle, and the center of the upper circularly polarized antenna is an equilateral triangle hollow; 1257737 medium dielectric substrate, the top surface of the system 9 is made of a conductive metal and a circularly polarized antenna And the outer shape of the lower circularly polarized antenna is a shape formed by a combination of a butterfly shape and an equilateral triangle, and the center of the lower circularly polarized antenna has an equilateral triangle hollow; the lower layer "bei substrate is attached to the top The surface is electrically fused with a microstrip line ' and is vertically connected to the lower dielectric substrate to form a signal-feeding joint to be connected to the microstrip wire as a feed point for signal feeding; and spacing The upper dielectric substrate and the middle cylindrical conductor are connected by a dielectric substrate, and then electrically connected to the lower dielectric substrate at a pitch. [Embodiment] Please refer to FIG. 1 and Second, the double-butterband broadband microstrip circularly polarized antenna of the present month is mainly composed of an upper layer of a substrate, a medium dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate stacked on each other in space, and then A wide-band microstrip circularly polarized antenna is formed by a cylindrical conductor wire 4 passing through the upper dielectric substrate and the intermediate dielectric substrate at a pitch, and then electrically connected to the microstrip feed line 31 of the lower f substrate. The upper dielectric substrate (not shown in the figure), the member does not) is attached to the top surface by a conductive metal instrument to engrave a circularly polarized antenna 1 1 °Hai® polarized antenna 11 has a peripheral shape of a butterfly shape The shape of the dome is combined with an equilateral triangle, and the center of the upper circularly polarized antenna 11 is an equilateral triangle hollow. 12 · The medium dielectric substrate (the towel does not show you the top surface and etches the circle with conductive 1257737 metal) The polarized antenna 21, the peripheral shape of the circularly polarized antenna 21 is a pattern formed by a combination of a butterfly shape and an equilateral triangle, and the center of the lower circularly polarized antenna 21 is an equilateral triangle hollow. The lower dielectric substrate (not shown) is formed on the top surface by a conductive metal etch-microstrip feed line 31, and vertically formed on the lower dielectric substrate to form a signal feed connector 32 and the microstrip feed line 31 is connected as a feed point 33 for signal feeding; the cylindrical conductor wire 4' is electrically passed through the upper dielectric substrate and the intermediate dielectric substrate at a pitch and further to the microstrip feed 31 of the lower dielectric substrate at a pitch link The bottom end of the k-th feed connector 32 of the lower layer substrate can receive a transmitted RF signal. The upper end connects the upper dielectric substrate and the intermediate dielectric substrate with the cylindrical conductor connection 4, and the upper dielectric substrate and the intermediate dielectric substrate form a The circularly polarized antenna u and the lower circularly polarized antenna 21 have the same shape, and the 2.1 GHz RF signal is sent from the signal feeding connector 32 to the upper circularly polarized antenna 下 and the lower circularly polarized antenna 21 to make the upper circular polarization The antenna u, the lower circularly polarized antenna 21, and the mutual electromagnetic interaction cooperate to radiate externally. The present invention uses a printed circuit board (pc B ) as a dielectric substrate, and is etched with a conductive metal on the top surface of the dielectric substrate. The upper circularly polarized antenna u and the lower circularly polarized antenna 21 and the lower dielectric substrate of the microstrip 愧31, and in the design of the dielectric substrate of the present invention, all conductive metals are etched, adopting the 1257737 design principle of the microstrip transmission line, The impedance conversion state of the microstrip feeder 31 and the cylindrical conductor connection 4 is different from the conventional design using the same plane quarter-wave impedance converter, and the energy reduction signal transmission The reflection is secret, thus obtaining a relatively large impedance bandwidth and a wider circular polarization axis than the wider bandwidth. Further, because the design of the |substrate is related to the double-butterfly broadband broadband micro-band circularly polarized antenna as a whole The performance of the printed circuit board of the dielectric substrate of the present invention is a FR4 printed circuit board having a thickness of 1.6 mm, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate at 21 GHz is ε r = 4. 4 to 4 · 9, and the upper circularly polarized antenna n, The metal thickness of the lower circularly polarized antenna 21 and the microstrip feed line 31 is 〇.〇〇2 mm, and the matching impedance is 5 〇Ω. The double-butterband broadband microstrip circularly polarized antenna design of the present invention adopts software simulation. Method to calculate the line width, which is adopted after the design of the present invention
Zeland 之 IE3D 軟體來楔擬驗證設計結果。在本發明中，該導電金屬係蝕刻 於上圓極化天線11與下圓極化天線21後，可調整改變與其 電性連結之阻抗轉換器之相關長度，其阻抗轉換器係由微帶 ®餽線31與圓柱導體接線4構成，經由阻抗轉換器兩者其相 關長度之調整改變’即可調節達到本發明之雙層蝶式寬頻微 帶圓極化天線性能之不同操作頻率之設計。 然上圓極化天線11、下圓極化天線21與阻抗轉換器31 與4匹配的好壞程度用饋入點33的反射係數或駐波比的大 小來衡量’故請參閱圖三，在本發明之寬頻圓極化環型微帶 天線之反射返回損失（Return l〇ss)實驗圖中，以2· 1 GHz為 9 ⑧ 1257737 設計操作頻率在R.L叫。dB以下之阻抗頻寬約為m，明 顯改善現有之一般微帶製作設計圓極化受限於窄頻帶阻抗 寬度之困擾。 、對於發射天線來說，如果匹配不好，則天線的輻射功率 就會減小’阻抗轉換器31與4上的損耗會增大；由圖四之 雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化天線之轴比與頻率之關係圖以及 圖五之雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化天線之圓極化增益與頻率 之關係圖中可得之採用三層介質基板互相堆疊設置而成之 雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化天線，可明顯克服—般微帶天線設 计為圓極化時軸比不易低於3 dB以下之瓶頸，由圖四本發 明所设計模擬之軸比與頻率之關係圖證實本發明之設計能 明顯有效增大微帶製作為圓極化天線之圓極化軸比頻寬，故 其輻射效率與天線效率與頻率，在21GHz之設計操作頻率 時其輻射效率與天線效率均達到約6〇%左右，如圖六所示； 本發明不僅能達成體積小、設計難度與成本均不高，同時具 有高效益性能的天線。 綜上所述，本案不但在空間型態上確屬創新，並能較習 用物品增進上述多項功效，應已充分符合新穎性及進步性之 法定發明專利要件，爰依法提出申請，懇請貴局核准本件 發明專利申請案，以勵發明，至感德便。 【圖式簡單說明】 1257737 請參閱以下有關本發明一較佳實施例之詳細說明及其附 圖，將可進一步瞭解本發明之技術内容及其目的功效；有關 該實施例之附圖為： 圖一為本發明雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化天線之左前側立 體不意圖； 圖二為該雙層蝶式寬頻微帶圓極化天線之左後側底部立 體示意圖； 圖三為該蝶型低軸比寬頻圓極化微帶天線之返回損失 (Return Loss)圖; 圖四為該蝶型低軸比寬頻圓極化微帶天線之軸比與頻率 之關係圖； 圖五為該蝶型低軸比寬頻圓極化微帶天線之圓極化增益 與頻率之關係圖；以及 圖六為該蝶型低軸比寬頻圓極化微帶天線之圓極化輕射 效率與天線效率對頻率之關係圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 11上圓極化天線 12等邊三角形簍空狀 21下圓極化天線 22等邊三角形簍空狀 31微帶餽線 1257737 32信號饋入接頭 33饋入點 4圓柱導體接線Zeland's IE3D software wedges to verify design results. In the present invention, after the conductive metal is etched on the upper circularly polarized antenna 11 and the lower circularly polarized antenna 21, the relative length of the impedance converter electrically connected thereto can be adjusted, and the impedance converter is microstrip®. The feed line 31 is formed with the cylindrical conductor wiring 4, and the design of the operating frequency of the double-layer butterfly wideband microstrip circularly polarized antenna of the present invention can be adjusted by adjusting the correlation length of the impedance converter. However, the degree of matching between the upper circularly polarized antenna 11, the lower circularly polarized antenna 21, and the impedance converters 31 and 4 is measured by the reflection coefficient of the feed point 33 or the magnitude of the standing wave ratio', so please refer to FIG. 3, In the experimental report of the reflection return loss (Return l〇ss) of the wide-band circularly polarized ring type microstrip antenna of the present invention, the operating frequency is designed to be RL at 2·1 GHz for 9 8 1257737. The impedance bandwidth below dB is approximately m, which significantly improves the existing general microstrip fabrication design where circular polarization is limited by the narrow band impedance width. For the transmitting antenna, if the matching is not good, the radiated power of the antenna will decrease. 'The loss on the impedance converters 31 and 4 will increase; the double-layer butterfly wideband microstrip circularly polarized antenna from FIG. The relationship between the axial ratio and the frequency and the relationship between the circular polarization gain and the frequency of the double-layer butterfly broadband microstrip circularly polarized antenna in FIG. 5 are obtained by stacking three dielectric substrates on each other. The butterfly wide-band microstrip circularly polarized antenna can obviously overcome the bottleneck of the microstrip antenna designed to be less than 3 dB below the axial ratio when circularly polarized. The axial ratio and frequency of the simulation designed by the present invention are shown in Fig. 4. The relationship diagram proves that the design of the present invention can significantly increase the circular polarization axis ratio bandwidth of the microstrip fabricated into a circularly polarized antenna, so its radiation efficiency and antenna efficiency and frequency, and its radiation efficiency at a design operating frequency of 21 GHz. The antenna efficiency is about 6〇%, as shown in FIG. 6. The invention can not only achieve an antenna with small volume, low design difficulty and low cost, and high efficiency performance. In summary, this case is not only innovative in terms of space type, but also can enhance the above-mentioned multiple functions compared with the customary items. It should fully meet the statutory invention patent requirements of novelty and progressiveness, and apply for it according to law. This invention patent application, in order to invent invention, to the sense of virtue. [Brief Description of the Drawings] 1257737 Please refer to the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention and its accompanying drawings, and the technical contents of the present invention and its functions will be further understood; The left front side of the double-layer butterfly type broadband micro-band circularly polarized antenna of the present invention is not intended; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the left rear side bottom of the double-layer butterfly type wide-band microstrip circularly polarized antenna; Return Loss diagram of a low-axis-ratio circular-polarized microstrip antenna; Figure 4 is a plot of the axial ratio and frequency of the butterfly-type low-axis-width circular-polarized microstrip antenna; Figure 5 is the butterfly A diagram of the relationship between the circular polarization gain and the frequency of a low-axis-ratio circular-polarized microstrip antenna; and Figure 6 shows the circular-polarized light-emission efficiency and antenna efficiency of the butterfly-type low-axis-ratio circular-polarized microstrip antenna. The relationship diagram of frequency. [Main component symbol description] 11 circularly polarized antenna 12 equilateral triangle hollow 21 lower circular polarized antenna 22 equilateral triangle hollow 31 microstrip feeder 1257737 32 signal feed connector 33 feed point 4 cylindrical conductor wiring
1212